Perovskite film for automobile glass piece

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and relates to an automobile glass piece perovskite film, which comprises a film body, the film body comprises a surface layer, a functional layer and an attaching layer which are sequentially arranged, the surface layer is positioned on the outermost layer of the film body, and the attaching layer is adhered on the surface of an automobile glass piece; the functional layer comprises a semitransparent solar soft film layer used for converting light energy into electric energy, the semitransparent solar soft film layer comprises a plurality of flexible perovskite solar cell films, and the perovskite solar cell films are electrically connected in series and / or in parallel and are electrically connected with an automobile circuit and an electric power storage system through electrodes. The film can enrich the energy complementing ways of equipment, and does not depend on traditional battery power supply any more; meanwhile, heat energy and light energy can be effectively utilized, and even if the automobile is in a driving state, the film of the automobile glass piece can still be used for blocking and preventing strong light irradiation, weakening strong light, reducing light and heat entering a cab, reducing driving potential safety hazards and protecting the personal safety of a driver.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobile parts, and relates to a perovskite film for automobile glass parts. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of the automobile industry, automobiles are increasingly popular in people's lives, and automobile parts are constantly enriched and improved. Glass parts such as glass canopies, rear windshields, front windshields, side windows, and rearview mirrors on vehicles are increasingly valued as necessary components for safe driving of automobiles. In particular, when the vehicle is outdoors or in an open-air scene, sunlight on sunny days or strong light such as the light of other vehicles at night is reflected onto the vehicle, and the temperature inside the vehicle gradually rises. Strong light reflection causes discomfort to the people inside the vehicle and needs to be weakened or avoided.

[0003] At present, one of the methods to solve the above problems is to use a car cover or a sunshade when the vehicle is stationary, but when driving, the strong glare reflected on the vehicle glass parts cannot be reduced. Another method is to block and prevent glare by using a film, which can reduce the strong glare reflected on the rearview mirror by the headlights of the car behind at night, making the eyes very comfortable, but it cannot effectively utilize the strong glare reflected on the vehicle glass parts. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at overcoming the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provides a perovskite film for automobile glass parts.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme to solve its technical problems:

[0006] The perovskite film for automobile glass parts includes a film body, the film body includes a surface layer, a functional layer, and an attachment layer arranged in sequence, the surface layer is the outermost layer of the film body, and the attachment layer is attached to the surface of the automobile glass part.

[0007] The functional layer includes a translucent solar soft film layer for converting light energy into electrical energy, the translucent solar soft film layer includes a plurality of flexible perovskite solar cell thin films, the perovskite solar cell thin films are connected in series and / or parallel, and are electrically connected to the automobile circuit and the power storage system through electrodes.

[0008] Specifically, the film body is attached to any glass part or multiple glass parts of the automobile side window glass, the automobile rear windshield, the automobile sunroof, and the automobile glass roof, and is used to convert the received light energy into electrical energy.

[0009] Theoretically, the film body can be attached to the outer surface of the glass or the inner surface of the glass; preferably, the film body is attached to the inner surface of the glass, which has the following advantages: first, the protective film can avoid direct erosion from the external environment, such as rain, sand, stone impact and wear, thereby prolonging the service life of the film. Second, reduce the risk of injury: the film body attached to the outer surface is more likely to be accidentally scratched and damaged, while the inner surface is relatively safe.

[0010] Specifically, the attachment layer is provided with a wireless charging component for receiving external wireless charging signals, which can receive external wireless charging signals and charge external devices using the converted electrical energy of the functional layer.

[0011] Specifically, the functional layer further comprises a thermoelectric layer below the semi-transparent solar soft film layer, and / or a sub-functional layer for polarizing and discoloring the light source. In actual preparation, the thermoelectric layer and the sub-functional layer can be prepared, or one of them can be prepared according to the function of the film.

[0012] Specifically, the sub-functional layer includes a photochromic coating and a polarizing coating, and their positional relationship depends on the specific application and design requirements (considering the compatibility between the coatings, the mutual influence of optical properties, and the actual use requirements of the final product). In some cases, they can exist independently of each other in different layers. For example, the photochromic coating is prepared first, and then a polarizing coating is added on top of it. But in some special designs, the polarizing coating and the photochromic coating can be integrated into the same layer, and the combination of the two functions can be achieved through special processes and materials.

[0013] Specifically, the thickness of the film body is 0.1mm-2mm.

[0014] Specifically, the perovskite solar cell thin film is a perovskite solar cell sheet with a positive structure or a perovskite solar cell sheet with a negative structure.

[0015] In the perovskite solar cell thin film, the flexible conductive glass with a thickness of 0.03mm-2mm is used as the conductive substrate, the thickness of the electron transport layer is 20nm-50nm, the thickness of the perovskite layer is 200nm-800nm, the thickness of the hole transport layer is 50nm-200nm, and the thickness of the metal electrode layer is 80nm-150nm.

[0016] Specifically, the electrode is electrically connected to the automobile circuit and the power storage system through the grid electrode bundle.

[0017] Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the film body is 20%-80%.

[0018] Specifically, the surface layer comprises a scratch-resistant wear-resistant coating made of wear-resistant polyurethane or acrylic profile material.

[0019] Specifically, the attaching layer comprises a high-transparency adhesive composition with good weather resistance, specifically an acrylic adhesive or a polyurethane adhesive.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects: the film uses a translucent solar soft film layer to absorb part of the light, can convert the solar energy irradiating on the automobile glass piece into electrical energy, and then transmit the electrical energy to the automobile circuit and the power storage system through the solar controller, so that the light energy irradiating on the automobile glass piece is effectively utilized; and the light source is color changed by the sub-function layer, and the grating is polarized, so that the glare is reduced, and the strong light is attenuated, filtered and even eliminated.

[0021] In addition, the film provided by the utility model is provided with a wireless charging component for receiving external wireless charging signals in the attaching layer, can receive external wireless charging signals, and can charge the electrical equipment by using the electrical energy converted by the functional layer. Compared with the traditional wired charging mode, this design eliminates the complexity of the wire harness and the additional storage requirement.

[0022] In summary, the use of the film on the automobile glass piece can enrich the energy supplement way of the equipment, so that the equipment is no longer dependent on the traditional battery power supply, and the use efficiency and service life of the equipment are improved; at the same time, since the novel film can effectively utilize heat energy and light energy, even if the automobile is in a driving state, the film structure of the automobile glass piece can still block and prevent strong light irradiation, weaken the strong light, reduce the light and heat entering the cabin, enable the driver to use the vehicle more energy-efficiently and more comfortably, reduce the driving safety hazard, protect the personal safety of the driver, and can be used in various environmental conditions without being limited by distance and obstacles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings incorporated in and forming a part of the specification are intended to provide further understanding of the principle of the utility model together with the description and are used to explain the principle of the utility model.

[0024] In order to more clearly explain the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows, and obviously, other drawings can be obtained by the drawings without creative labor for the ordinary skilled in the art.

[0025] Figure 1 The structure schematic view of the perovskite film for automobile glass piece provided by the embodiment 1 of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2The structure schematic view of the perovskite film provided by the embodiment 2 of the utility model is attached to the automobile glass part.

[0027] Figure 3 The structure schematic view of the perovskite film provided by the embodiment 3 of the utility model is attached to the automobile glass part.

[0028] Figure 4 The structure schematic view of the perovskite film provided by the embodiment 4 of the utility model is attached to the automobile glass part.

[0029] Wherein: 1, film body; 1-1, surface layer; 1-2, functional layer; 1-2-1, translucent solar soft film layer; 1-2-2, sub-functional layer; 1-2-3, thermoelectric layer; 1-3, attached layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. In the following description, the same numbers are used to designate the same elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not meant to represent all embodiments consistent with the present utility model. Rather, they are merely examples consistent with some aspects of the present utility model as detailed in the appended claims.

[0031] In the description of the present utility model, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like orientation or position relationship words are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and not for the requirement that the present utility model must be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0032] In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical scheme of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the embodiment provides a perovskite film for automobile glass part, which comprises a film body 1, the film body 1 comprises a surface layer 1-1, a functional layer 1-2 and an attached layer 1-3 arranged in sequence, the surface layer 1-1 is located at the outermost layer of the film body 1, and the attached layer 1-3 is attached to the surface of the automobile glass part.

[0035] The functional layer 1-2 includes a semi-transparent solar soft film layer 1-2-1 for converting light energy into electrical energy, which includes a plurality of flexible perovskite solar cell films electrically connected in series and / or in parallel and electrically connected with the automobile circuit and the power storage system through electrodes.

[0036] In some example embodiments, the film body 1 is attached to any one or more of the following: a rearview mirror of the automobile, a side window glass of the automobile, a front windshield of the automobile, a rear windshield of the automobile, a sunroof of the automobile, and a glass roof of the automobile.

[0037] In some example embodiments, the film body 1 has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 2 mm.

[0038] Optionally, the perovskite solar cell film is a perovskite solar cell piece of positive type structure (n-i-p) including, from bottom to top, a transparent conductive glass, an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, a hole transport layer, and a metal electrode layer; or the perovskite solar cell film is a perovskite solar cell piece of reverse type structure (p-i-n) including, from bottom to top, a transparent conductive glass, a hole transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer, and a metal electrode layer.

[0039] The transparent conductive glass is formed by depositing a transparent conductive material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), etc., on a transparent glass, and has a thickness of about 1 μm; the electron transport layer is mainly composed of SnO2, C 60 , PCBM, etc., and has a thickness of 20 nm to 50 nm; the perovskite layer is a main material of the solar cell and has a thickness of 200 nm to 800 nm; the hole transport layer is mainly composed of Spiro-OMeTAD, NiOx, PTAA, etc., and has a thickness of 50 nm to 200 nm; and the metal electrode layer is made of Au, Ag, Cu, etc., and has a thickness of 80 nm to 150 nm.

[0040] Preferably, the transparent conductive glass must be a flexible glass, and a bendable glass with a thickness of 0.03 mm to 2 mm can be used, such as the flexible glass with a thickness of about 0.1 mm produced by the flexible glass manufacturer represented by Corning, which is attached with a layer of high polymer plastic on the outside so as not to be broken when bent. With the development and progress of science and technology, ultra-thin flexible glass or transparent substrate materials with a thickness of less than 0.03 mm will be widely produced in the future. These materials have good flexibility and a thickness closer to that of a plastic film, so that the perovskite solar cell film is a micron-level thin film, which is a more optimal choice for the transparent conductive glass in the perovskite solar cell film.

[0041] It should be noted that the structure, material and parameters of the perovskite solar cell thin film in the embodiment enable it to maintain good photoelectric performance under bending, folding and cutting, and the design, preparation and optimization work thereof includes but is not limited to the selection of materials, the design of structure, the optimization of carrier transport layer, etc. In reality, due to the influence of the growth and post-processing of the crystal, defects are generated, such as the spin-coating preparation process and post-annealing process of the perovskite (PSCs) device, which can form various defects on the surface or grain boundary of the polycrystalline perovskite crystal. The positively or negatively charged defects can introduce transition energy levels in the forbidden band, which can form deep level defects, and are not conducive to the extraction and migration of carriers in the perovskite solar cell thin film, and can also affect the lifetime of the carriers, which is an important reason for hindering the improvement of the open-circuit voltage (V OC (OCV) and the fill factor (FF) of the perovskite (PSCs) device. In addition, defects also exist more or less on the commonly used electron transport layer (ETL) and hole transport layer (HTL) materials. Therefore, the defects of each component in the perovskite (PSCs) device can be passivated to improve the efficiency and stability of the device, such as improving the carrier extraction efficiency and V OC by matching the energy levels between the electron transport layer (ETL) and the perovskite interface. Specific passivation strategies include but are not limited to interface treatment, introduction of additives, dopants and other technical means, so as to improve the overall performance of the perovskite (PSCs) device.

[0042] On the basis of the traditional preparation process of the perovskite solar cell thin film, the perovskite solar cell thin film prepared by using the passivation strategy generates electricity by using the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor. When the N-type (electron type semiconductor, i.e. impurity semiconductor with a free electron concentration much higher than the hole concentration) and P-type (hole type semiconductor, i.e. semiconductor mainly conducting with positively charged holes) semiconductors are in contact, diffusion occurs due to the difference in the concentration of the carriers, and a built-in electric field is generated at the contact interface. At the same time, the carriers drift under the action of the electric field, and the diffusion and drift reach a dynamic balance to form a PN junction. Under the irradiation of sunlight, the perovskite light-absorbing layer with high light absorption coefficient will absorb a large number of photons with energy greater than or equal to the band gap, so that the electrons originally bound around the atomic nucleus are excited to jump from the top of the valence band to the bottom of the conduction band. At the same time, a positively charged hole is additionally generated to maintain electrical neutrality, which is an exciton for the electron-hole pair bound by the Coulomb force. Due to the low exciton binding energy of the perovskite, the exciton will quickly dissociate into free electrons and holes under the action of the built-in electric field. The free electrons are transported to the cathode through the electron transport layer (ETL) and are finally collected by the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) electrode. The free holes are transported to the anode through the hole transport layer (HTL) and are then collected by the metal electrode. After the external automobile and other electrical equipment circuit is connected to the two electrodes, a current loop is formed, thereby realizing photoelectric conversion and supplying electrical energy to the automobile and other electrical equipment and its battery.

[0043] Further, the film body 1 includes regular images and irregular images, and the film edge of the film body 1 is attached to the edge of the automobile glass piece.

[0044] Further, the electrode is electrically connected to the external circuit and the power storage system through the grid electrode cluster.

[0045] Further, the visible light transmittance of the film body 1 is 20% to 80%

[0046] Further, the surface layer 1-1 includes a scratch-resistant and wear-resistant coating made of a wear-resistant polyurethane or acrylic material.

[0047] Further, the adhesive layer 1-3 includes a high-transparency adhesive composition with good weather resistance, specifically an acrylic adhesive, a polyurethane adhesive, or a back adhesive.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] Referring to Figure 2 The embodiment provides a perovskite film for an automobile glass piece, which includes a film body 1, the film body 1 including a surface layer 1-1, a functional layer 1-2, and an adhesive layer 1-3 arranged in sequence, the surface layer 1-1 being located at the outermost layer of the film body 1, and the adhesive layer 1-3 being attached to the surface of the automobile glass piece.

[0050] The functional layer 1-2 includes a semi-transparent solar soft film layer 1-2-1 for converting light energy into electrical energy, the semi-transparent solar soft film layer 1-2-1 including a plurality of flexible perovskite solar cell thin films, the perovskite solar cell thin films being electrically connected in series and / or in parallel, and being electrically connected to the automobile circuit and the power storage system through an electrode.

[0051] In the embodiment, the functional layer 1-2 further includes a thermoelectric layer 1-2-3 below the semi-transparent solar soft film layer 1-2-1, and / or a sub-functional layer 1-2-2 for polarizing and discoloring a light source. In actual preparation, the thermoelectric layer 1-2-3 and the sub-functional layer 1-2-2 can both be prepared, or can be prepared according to the function to be achieved by the film. Moreover, the positional relationship between the two is determined according to specific application and design requirements (considering the compatibility between the coatings, the mutual influence of optical properties, and the actual use requirements of the final product).

[0052] Further, the sub-functional layer 1-2-2 includes a photochromic coating and a polarizing coating located thereon; wherein,

[0053] The photochromic coating comprises a metal powder filter layer containing iron, copper, nickel, titanium, and when a light source is irradiated on the automobile glass piece, the light source and the metal powder filter layer are overlapped through the photochromic coating, and offset;

[0054] The polarizing coating comprises a first direction polarizing coating and / or a second direction polarizing coating, the polarizing coating is connected to the photochromic coating, and the polarizing coating polarizes the light source to reduce the irradiation of the light source.

[0055] In some exemplary embodiments, the sub-functional layer 1-2-2 further comprises a coating containing silver bromide and / or silver iodide, which can decompose the light source under strong light irradiation; when the sub-functional layer comprises a coating containing silver bromide and silver iodide, the ratio of silver bromide and silver iodide is 50% respectively, and the coating containing silver bromide and silver iodide is connected to the photochromic coating.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] Based on Example 1, see Figure 3 The present embodiment provides a structural diagram of the perovskite film attached to the automobile rearview mirror, the automobile front windshield, the automobile rear windshield and the automobile glass roof.

[0058] The specific attachment process is as follows:

[0059] Step 1, first measure the length and width of the automobile glass according to the position and size requirements of the automobile glass, and mark the corresponding size on the perovskite film of the automobile glass according to the measurement results;

[0060] Step 2, lay the perovskite film of the automobile glass on a flat workbench, and cut the film along the marked size with a cutting tool (a cutting knife);

[0061] Step 3, clean the automobile glass piece thoroughly to ensure that the film can be firmly attached to the inner surface of the glass piece;

[0062] Step 4, attach the cut film to the inner surface of the automobile glass piece, align the edges of the film with the edges of the glass piece during attachment, and use a squeegee or a towel to attach the film flat on the glass and eliminate the air bubbles between the film and the glass;

[0063] Step 5, after the film is attached, check whether the film is flat and bubble-free, and if there are bubbles or unevenness, use a squeegee or a towel to adjust it.

[0064] It should be noted that the perovskite solar cell film (hereinafter referred to as the cell piece) in this embodiment can be realized by the following methods after cutting: first, the cut cell piece can be connected with the external conductive part by using conductive glue, and the conductive glue can form a conductive path at the edge of the cell piece; second, a flexible conductive material such as conductive fiber cloth, conductive tape, etc. can be attached to the edge of the cut cell piece to realize conductive connection.

[0065] Embodiment 4

[0066] Based on Embodiment 1, referring to Figure 4 , this embodiment provides a structural diagram of the perovskite film attached to the automobile side window glass and the automobile sunroof, and the attachment process is the same as that of Embodiment 3.

[0067] In this embodiment, since the automobile side window glass and the automobile sunroof will perform opening or closing actions (achieved by glass lifters, motors, switches, etc.), in order to ensure that the perovskite solar cell film (hereinafter referred to as the cell piece) still has stable and reliable conductivity after cutting, metal electrodes such as silver, copper, etc. can be prepared at the edge of the cut cell piece by vacuum evaporation, sputtering or screen printing process, so that these metal electrodes can be stably connected with the external circuit and the power storage system; or, a flexible conductive material such as conductive fiber cloth, conductive tape, etc. can be attached to the edge of the cut cell piece to realize conductive connection.

[0068] Embodiment 5

[0069] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further provides a perovskite film for automobile glass pieces, wherein the attachment layer is provided with a wireless charging component for receiving external wireless charging signals, which is used to receive external wireless charging signals and charge the device with the electrical energy converted by the functional layer. This design avoids the traditional wired charging method, reducing the complexity of the wire harness and the additional storage requirement.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that: 1. If it is difficult to achieve the attachment effect of the film on the surface of the automobile glass piece during the actual attachment process, a magnetic attraction component needs to be used in the attachment layer. 2. In order to improve the attachment effect when using this film to attach to the surface of the automobile glass piece, the surface characteristics of the device can be matched to select technologies including but not limited to the following: using vacuum suction technology, adopting precise positioning design, using new adhesive materials, introducing automatic film attachment equipment, optimizing film attachment process, etc. 3. This new type of film can also be combined with other types of energy collection technologies, such as solar energy collection, wind energy collection, etc., to further improve the energy self-sufficiency of the device and achieve truly green energy supply. 4. The preparation process of the film includes the preparation of each layer, which needs to be carried out according to the actual materials and preset target requirements of each layer, and finally forms a new type of film.

[0071] The foregoing merely illustrates the principles of the application and allows those skilled in the art to ascertain the scope of the application. Various modifications to the embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application.

[0072] It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present application. The scope of the application is limited only by the claims that follow.

Claims

1. A perovskite film for automotive glass, characterized in that, The film body (1) comprises a surface layer (1-1), a functional layer (1-2) and an attaching layer (1-3) arranged in sequence, the surface layer (1-1) is located at the outermost layer of the film body (1), and the attaching layer (1-3) is attached to the surface of the automobile glass piece. The functional layer (1-2) comprises a semi-transparent solar soft film layer (1-2-1) for converting light energy into electric energy, the semi-transparent solar soft film layer (1-2-1) comprises a plurality of flexible perovskite solar cell thin films, the perovskite solar cell thin films are connected in series and / or parallel, and the electrode is electrically connected with the automobile circuit and the power storage system.

2. The perovskite film of claim 1, wherein, The film body (1) is attached to any glass piece or multiple glass pieces of the automobile side window glass, the automobile rear windshield, the automobile sunroof and the automobile glass roof.

3. The perovskite film of claim 1, wherein the perovskite film is a perovskite film for a vehicle glass member. The attaching layer (1-3) is provided with a wireless charging component for receiving an external wireless charging signal, and the wireless charging component is used for charging an external device.

4. The perovskite film of claim 1, wherein the perovskite film is a perovskite film for a vehicle glass member. The functional layer (1-2) further comprises a thermoelectric layer (1-2-3) below the semi-transparent solar soft film layer (1-2-1), and / or a sub-functional layer (1-2-2) for polarizing and discoloring a light source.

5. The perovskite film of claim 1, wherein the perovskite film is a perovskite film for a vehicle glass member. The thickness of the film body (1) is 0.1mm-2mm.

6. The perovskite film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The perovskite solar cell thin film is a perovskite solar cell piece with a positive structure or a perovskite solar cell piece with a reverse structure.

7. The perovskite film of claim 6, wherein the perovskite film is a perovskite film for a vehicle glass member. In the perovskite solar cell thin film, the flexible conductive glass with a thickness of 0.03mm-2mm is used as the conductive substrate, the thickness of the electron transport layer is 20nm-50nm, the thickness of the perovskite layer is 200nm-800nm, the thickness of the hole transport layer is 50nm-200nm, and the thickness of the metal electrode layer is 80nm-150nm.

8. The perovskite film of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the perovskite film is a perovskite film for a vehicle glass member. The electrode is electrically connected with the automobile circuit and the power storage system in the form of a grid electrode bundle.

9. The perovskite film of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the perovskite film is a perovskite film for a vehicle glass member. The visible light transmittance of the film body (1) is 20%-80%.

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