Flash lead smelting nozzle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flash lead smelting nozzle, and relates to the technical field of metal smelting. The spray pipe comprises a gas spray pipe and a material spray pipe, the bottom of the material spray pipe is connected to the top of the reaction furnace through a flange, and the material spray pipe is communicated into the reaction furnace; the gas spray pipe is coaxially sleeved in the material spray pipe and is connected through a flange; the material spraying pipe is provided with a feeding port, the gas spraying pipe is provided with a spiral gas supply assembly, the spiral gas supply assembly comprises a plurality of gas inlet pipes, and the gas inlet pipes are communicated with the gas spraying pipe; the plurality of gas inlet pipes are tangentially arranged relative to the gas spraying pipe and are in center symmetry relative to the gas spraying pipe; through the arrangement of the gas spraying pipe, the material spraying pipe and the gas inlet pipe, the nozzle is divided into the inner area and the outer area, and rotational flow is generated in the gas spraying pipe through the gas inlet pipe, so that the retention time of materials in the air of the reaction furnace is prolonged, the materials can be fully reacted, and the lead smelting efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to metal smelting technical field especially is involved in a kind of flash smelting lead nozzle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The flash smelting of lead-based multi-metal material (mainly including lead sulfide concentrate and multi-metal solid waste slag) is usually completed by reaction furnace, and a nozzle is installed on the top of the reaction furnace. During the reaction process, oxygen-rich air and finely ground concentrate are sprayed from the flash smelting lead nozzle into the air above the furnace body to complete gas-particle mixing combustion. The current flash smelting lead nozzle structure is shown in FIG. Figure 1 The oxygen-rich air is composed of two parts: one part is sprayed from the central outlet, and the majority is sprayed at high speed from the narrow side oxygen outlet. The material is sprayed from the central oxygen and side oxygen intermediate channel. According to Bernoulli's equation, the high-speed airflow can maintain negative pressure in the furnace material channel, so the force maintaining the downward movement of the furnace material is divided into two parts: one part is the self-gravity, and the other part is the pressure sucked from the inside of the reaction tower by the high-speed airflow.

[0003] Through production practice, it is found that although this method has a simple feeding method, the problem is that the degree of dispersion of the furnace material in the air is not enough. In order to form negative pressure in the furnace material channel, high-speed gas is sprayed vertically downward, and the residence time in the air is short. Therefore, under the traditional nozzle structure, the concentrate particles are not fully combusted, the residence time in the air is not enough, and the nozzle is often burned out. A series of factors limit the increase of the furnace material quantity, which restricts the efficiency of flash smelting lead. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0004] In order to improve the residence time of concentrate particles in the air and improve the efficiency of flash smelting lead, the present application provides a flash smelting lead nozzle.

[0005] The present application provides a flash smelting lead nozzle, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A flash smelting lead nozzle, characterized in that it comprises a gas nozzle and a material nozzle, the bottom of the material nozzle is connected to the top of the reaction furnace through a flange, and the material nozzle is connected to the reaction furnace; the gas nozzle is coaxially sleeved in the material nozzle and connected through a flange; the material nozzle is provided with a feed inlet, and the gas nozzle is provided with a spiral gas supply assembly, which comprises a plurality of gas inlet pipes connected to the gas nozzle; the gas inlet pipes are tangentially arranged about the gas nozzle and are concentrically symmetric about the gas nozzle;

[0007] The material nozzle comprises an upper layer material stacking area, a connecting area and a lower layer material feeding area connected in sequence. The upper layer material stacking area is in the shape of a horn with a large upper part and a small lower part. The upper section of the connecting area is in the shape of a straight cylinder, and the lower section is in the shape of a horn with a large upper part and a small lower part. The lower layer material feeding area is in the shape of a straight cylinder.

[0008] The lower section of the gas nozzle extends out of the material nozzle.

[0009] Optionally, the sidewall of the upper layer stockpile area is further provided with a plurality of air inlets for blowing flowing air.

[0010] Optionally, the difference between the inner diameter of the lower layer discharging area and the outer diameter of the gas nozzle is greater than 4 times the maximum diameter of the coke particles.

[0011] Optionally, the top of the gas nozzle is provided with a transparent sight glass.

[0012] Optionally, the gas nozzle is provided with a plurality of swirl components along the length direction, and the swirl component comprises an inner ring, the outer wall of the inner ring is provided with a plurality of spiral blades along the length direction, and the plurality of spiral blades are connected with the inner wall of the gas nozzle.

[0013] Optionally, the swirl components are uniformly and spacedly provided with three groups, and the interval between two swirl components is 600mm.

[0014] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] The present application generates swirl in the gas nozzle through the setting of the gas nozzle, the material nozzle and the air inlet pipe, so as to improve the residence time of the material in the reaction furnace, so that it can be fully reacted, thereby improving the lead refining efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a conventional nozzle in the prior art

[0017] Figure 2 is a whole structure diagram of the flash lead smelting nozzle of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a sectional view of the structure in

[0019] Figure 4 is Figure 2 a whole structure diagram of another view of the structure in

[0020] Figure 5 is Figure 3 a structural sectional view of the swirl component in

[0021] Figure 6 , 7 is an effect simulation diagram for determining the number and interval of the swirl components.

[0022] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS:

[0023] 1, gas nozzle; 11, gas inlet pipe; 12, swirl assembly; 121, inner ring; 122, helical blade; 13, transparent sight glass; 2, material nozzle; 21, upper material stacking area; 211, material inlet; 212, air inlet; 22, connecting area; 23, lower material discharging area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-6 The application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Reference Figure 2 、 3 , 4, the application discloses a flash lead smelting nozzle, which is installed on the top of a reaction furnace and used for feeding materials into the reaction furnace; the nozzle comprises a gas nozzle 1 and a material nozzle 2, the bottom of the material nozzle 2 is detachably connected to the top of the reaction furnace through a flange, the gas nozzle 1 is coaxially sleeved in the material nozzle 2, and the two are detachably connected through a flange; the top of the gas nozzle 1 extends out of the material nozzle 2 and is communicated with two gas inlet pipes 11, the gas inlet pipes 11 are tangentially arranged about the gas nozzle 1, and the two gas inlet pipes 11 are centrosymmetric about the gas nozzle 1; gas enters the gas nozzle 1 from the gas inlet pipes 11, so that a swirl flow is formed in the gas nozzle 1.

[0026] The material nozzle 2 comprises an upper material stacking area 21, a connecting area 22 and a lower material discharging area 23 which are sequentially connected; the upper material stacking area 21 is in a horn shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; the top of the upper material stacking area 21 is provided with a material inlet 211 for feeding materials; the upper section of the connecting area 22 is in a straight cylinder shape, and the lower section is in a horn shape with a large upper part and a small lower part; and the lower material discharging area 23 is in a straight cylinder shape; materials enter the upper material stacking area 21 from the material inlet 211, and then enter the reaction furnace through the connecting area 22 and the lower material discharging area 23 under the action of gravity.

[0027] In order to enable the materials to smoothly enter the reaction furnace, two air inlets 212 for blowing flowing air are further arranged on the side wall of the upper material stacking area 21 to prevent the materials from being blocked in the nozzle and to form a positive pressure of the air on the material falling area to prevent air backflow; meanwhile, in order to enable the materials to smoothly pass through the lower material discharging area 23, the size of the annular area between the gas nozzle 1 and the lower material discharging area 23 needs to be controlled; in the embodiment of the application, the difference between the inner diameter of the lower material discharging area 23 and the outer diameter of the gas nozzle 1 is greater than 4 times the maximum diameter of the coke particles; in this way, the coke particles can be prevented from forming a bridge to cause material blocking.

[0028] Since the nozzle is divided into two parts in the application, the transparent sight glass 13 can be fixed on the top of the gas nozzle 1 through double flanges, the nozzle head area slagging and burning loss can be observed through the sight glass, the transparent sight glass 13 can be pulled out and inserted into a poking rod for cleaning without stopping the furnace when slagging.

[0029] Meanwhile, when the gas nozzle 1 is burnt out, the gas nozzle 1 can be pulled out by disassembling the flanges between the gas nozzle 1 and the material nozzle 2, and then replaced. In this way, the maintenance efficiency of the nozzle is greatly increased, the service life of the nozzle is prolonged, and the labor operation rate is increased.

[0030] Under the condition of keeping a certain flow rate, too high tangential velocity can cause the airflow to fail to keep stable rotation, especially in high-speed conditions, the stability of the cyclone center can be destroyed; from Figure 6 It can be seen that, due to the too long pipeline path through by the cyclone airflow, the axial airflow gradually increases, and the tangential airflow completely disappears due to long-time consumption of angular momentum, at this time the cyclone fails, and the airflow is vertically downward;

[0031] Therefore, the gas nozzle 1 is provided with multiple cyclone assemblies 12 along the length direction, the cyclone assembly 12 includes an inner ring 121, the outer wall of the inner ring 121 is provided with multiple spiral blades 122 in the proceeding direction, and the multiple spiral blades 122 are connected with the inner wall of the gas nozzle 1; specifically, the length of the gas nozzle 1 in the application is 1.2-2.4 m, which is determined according to the site civil conditions, and after the length of the pipe exceeds 1.8 m, one set of cyclone assembly is added every 600 mm; the three sets of cyclone assemblies 12 are uniformly and spacedly arranged, and the interval between two cyclone assemblies 12 is 600 mm; from Figure 7 It can be seen that the airflow after passing through multiple cyclone plates is spirally sprayed. The motion path of the concentrate particles in the air can be effectively changed; the particle residence time in the air under this working condition is 1.9 s, and Figure 1 the particle residence time in the air under the condition in the prior art is 1.5 s.

[0032] The particle residence time in the air is calculated as follows: for the interaction between the particles and the airflow, the following equation is solved to obtain the velocity distribution of the particles in each calculation unit.

[0033]

[0034] m i is the mass of the particle i, r i is the distance moved by the particle i; is the acceleration of the particle i, is the resistance (drag force) between the particle and the airflow; is the gravity of the particle. is other forces that the particle can be subjected to.

[0035] The motion of the particles in the airflow is mainly affected by the drag force, which is used to describe the interaction between the particles and the airflow. According to Stokes' law, when the particle is smaller than the critical particle size, the drag force can be represented by the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] C d is the drag coefficient of the particle (related to Reynolds number). p g is the density of the gas, is the diameter of the particle.

[0038]

[0039] u g is the velocity vector of the gas flow. u i is the velocity vector of the particle.

[0040] By the above formula, the furnace structure is discretized in the calculation, and the velocity and pressure distribution of the gas flow and the particle in the furnace body can be obtained by iteratively solving the above formula by computer.

[0041] The residence time of the particle τ particle can be calculated by integrating the path length of the particle and the velocity of the particle along the direction:

[0042]

[0043] L is the path length experienced by the particle; v p (r(l)) is the velocity of the particle at a certain point on the path, which is usually the relative velocity between the particle and the fluid.

[0044] Compared with the previous structure, the path length of the particle in the air is prolonged due to the influence of the cyclone gas flow, and the movement path is prolonged, and the residence time of the charge in the air can be increased by 20%-30%.

[0045] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A flash smelting lead injection nozzle characterized in that: The device comprises a gas nozzle and a material nozzle, the bottom of the material nozzle is connected to the top of the reaction furnace through a flange, and the material nozzle is communicated to the reaction furnace; the gas nozzle is coaxially sleeved in the material nozzle and is connected through a flange; the material nozzle is provided with a feeding port, and the gas nozzle is provided with a spiral gas supply assembly, which comprises a plurality of gas inlet pipes communicated with the gas nozzle; the gas inlet pipes are tangentially arranged about the gas nozzle and are concentrically symmetric about the gas nozzle; The material nozzle comprises an upper layer material stacking area, a connecting area and a lower layer material discharging area connected in sequence, the upper layer material stacking area is in a horn shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, the upper section of the connecting area is in a straight cylinder shape, the lower section is in a horn shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the lower layer material discharging area is in a straight cylinder shape; The lower section of the gas nozzle extends out of the material nozzle.

2. A flash smelting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of air inlets for blowing flowing air are further arranged on the side wall of the upper layer material stacking area.

3. A flash smelting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The difference between the inner diameter of the lower layer material discharging area and the outer diameter of the gas nozzle is greater than 4 times the maximum diameter of the coke particles.

4. A flash smelting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the gas nozzle is provided with a transparent sight glass.

5. A flash smelting nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of swirl components are arranged along the length direction of the gas nozzle at intervals, the swirl component comprises an inner ring, the outer wall of the inner ring is provided with a plurality of spiral vanes along the length direction, and the spiral vanes are all connected with the inner wall of the gas nozzle.

6. A flash smelting nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The swirl components are uniformly and intervaliy arranged in three groups, and the interval between two swirl components is 600 mm.

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