Starting circuit of battery module control system and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of energy storage systems, and provides a starting circuit of a battery module control system and an energy storage system, the starting circuit specifically comprises a first power supply circuit comprising an ACDC, the input end of the ACDC is used for being connected with a power grid, the output end of the ACDC is connected with a control system, and a second power supply circuit comprising a DCDC, the input end of the DCDC is connected with a battery module, and the output end of the DCDC is connected with the control system. A normally-closed relay is arranged between the input end of the DCDC and the battery module, the control end of the normally-closed relay is connected with the output end of the ACDC, when the ACDC outputs power supply voltage, a normally-closed contact of the normally-closed relay is disconnected, and when the ACDC has no power supply output, the normally-closed contact of the normally-closed relay is closed. Compared with the prior art, the cold start function of the energy storage system is realized, and after the cold start is finished, the cold start circuit is automatically cut off, so that the problem that the cold start circuit additionally consumes electricity for the battery is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of energy storage system, especially a kind of starting circuit of battery module control system and energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the application of energy storage system (including industrial and commercial storage, UPS energy storage), according to different customer needs, some energy storage system customers require no UPS module, and can cold start energy storage system when power grid is not powered, and power supply for load, in practical application, when energy storage system has not worked, but power grid is not powered, if cold start is carried out, one way is to supply control electricity to the system to start, another way is to take power from battery to control system to start, the existing technical implementation mode generally adopts the second, increase a DC-DC power supply in high-voltage box, this DC-DC input connects battery, output is parallel with AC-DC output, DC switch is connected between DC-DC output and AC-DC output, by controlling the opening or closing of DC switch, whether DC-DC supplies power to control system is controlled, and cold start function is realized.

[0003] However, the existing cold start technology still has the following problems:

[0004] 1, DC switch needs manual control to close before preparing cold start, and manual disconnection is needed after system normal start, which may forget to disconnect after cold start.

[0005] 2, DC-DC is in working state after system cold start, whether DC switch is disconnected or not, DC-DC will be in working state, even if power grid restores to supply power to control system, DC-DC input still takes power from battery to consume battery power, causing energy waste. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a kind of starting circuit of battery module control system and energy storage system, by a kind of starting circuit of battery module control system, realize cold start function without manual additional operation, and automatically hardware disconnects cold start circuit after system start, so that the cold start circuit added will not consume additional battery power. The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0007] The utility model provides a kind of starting circuit of battery module control system, and the starting circuit specifically includes:

[0008] First power supply circuit, including ACDC converter, the input end of ACDC converter is used to connect with power grid, and the output end is connected control system;

[0009] The second power supply circuit comprises a DCDC converter, an input end of the DCDC converter is connected with the battery module, and an output end of the DCDC converter is connected with the control system.

[0010] A normally closed relay is arranged between the input end of the DCDC converter and the battery module, and a control end of the normally closed relay is connected with the output end of the ACDC converter.

[0011] When the ACDC converter outputs a power supply voltage, the normally closed contact of the normally closed relay is disconnected, and the battery module is disconnected with the DCDC converter; when the ACDC converter has no power supply output, the normally closed contact of the normally closed relay is attracted, and the battery module supplies power to the control system through the DCDC converter.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first power supply circuit further comprises a first diode, a positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the output end of the ACDC converter, and a negative electrode of the first diode is connected with the control system.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the control end of the normally closed relay is connected between the output end of the ACDC converter and the positive electrode of the first diode.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the positive electrode of the output end of the ACDC converter is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply input end of the control system through the first diode, the negative electrode of the output end of the ACDC converter is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply input end of the control system, the positive electrode of the output end of the DCDC converter is connected with the negative electrode of the first diode, and the negative electrode of the output end of the DCDC converter is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the ACDC converter.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the second power supply circuit further comprises a second diode, a positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the output end of the DCDC converter, and a negative electrode of the second diode is connected with the control system.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the positive electrode of the output end of the DCDC converter is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply input end of the control system through the second diode, and the negative electrode of the output end of the DCDC converter is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply input end of the control system.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the normally closed relay comprises a main circuit switch and a relay coil, an input end of the main circuit switch is connected with the battery module, an output end of the main circuit switch is connected with the positive electrode of the input end of the DCDC converter, a positive electrode end of the relay coil is connected with the positive electrode of the output end of the ACDC converter, and a negative electrode end of the relay coil is connected with the negative electrode of the output end of the ACDC converter.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the starting circuit comprises a trip circuit breaker, a first end of the trip circuit breaker is connected to the positive pole of the battery module, a second end of the trip circuit breaker is connected to the negative pole of the battery module, the positive pole of the input end of the DCDC converter is connected to the first end of the trip circuit breaker through the main loop switch, and the negative pole of the input end of the DCDC converter is connected to the second end of the trip circuit breaker.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the output end of the ACDC converter outputs a voltage of 24V, and the output end of the DCDC converter outputs a voltage of 24V.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the control system is a battery management system (BMS) or an energy management system (EMS).

[0021] The utility model also provides a kind of energy storage system, the energy storage system includes high pressure box, the high pressure box includes any one of the above starting circuit.

[0022] The utility model has the following advantages:

[0023] 1, the utility model can be in power grid outage, through the connection of normally closed relay, ACDC converter and DCDC converter, realize the linkage control of DCDC converter and battery module connection state and ACDC converter operating state, realize the cold start of control system.This design ensures that in the case of no power supply, energy storage system can be started independently, ensures the continuity and reliability of power supply.

[0024] 2, the utility model realizes the efficient power supply switching from DC-DC converter to AC-DC converter under no manual operation by the control of normally closed relay and the unidirectional conduction performance of diode.Once AC-DC converter starts to work, normally closed relay will automatically cut off the input power supply of DC-DC, avoids unnecessary power consumption caused by DC-DC due to back-priming electricity, so as to improve the overall energy efficiency of system.

[0025] 3, the utility model can keep stable work after cold start, further reduces the self-consumption problem of battery, improves the long-time stable operation ability of system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0027] Wherein the same parts are denoted by the same reference signs. It should be noted that the words "front", "back", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings, and the words "bottom" and "top", "inner" and "outer" refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a particular component.

[0028] Fig. 1 The starting circuit connection schematic diagram of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Fig. 2 The starting circuit component connection schematic diagram of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Fig. 3 The connection circuit schematic diagram of the high-voltage box and the battery module of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] In the above drawings, the meanings of the reference signs are as follows:

[0032] 1, ACDC converter;

[0033] 2, first diode

[0034] 3, DCDC converter;

[0035] 4, second diode;

[0036] 5, normally closed relay;

[0037] 6, control system;

[0038] 7, battery module;

[0039] 8, circuit breaker;

[0040] 9, high-voltage box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments of the utility model and its drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used in the summary of the application and the detailed description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the use of the terms "including" and "having" and variations thereof herein is meant to encompass the inclusion of but not limited to.

[0043] In the description of the specific embodiments of the application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is more than two, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0044] In the present application, the term "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears at various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it independent or alternative to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in the present application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present application generally represents a "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0046] Throughout this document, numerical values represent approximate measurements or limits to encompass minor deviations from a given value and embodiments having about the noted value and embodiments having the noted exact value. Except in the Examples provided at the end of the detailed description, all numerical values of parameters, including quantities or conditions, in the specification are to be understood as approximations, unless otherwise indicated in the specific example, and are intended to encompass minor variations from the stated value as would be appreciated by those skilled in the art. The approximations include amounts that would provide non-critical results. The end of the ranges are rounded off to the nearest value expected to be used in practice. Unless otherwise stated, the numerical values are to be understood to be approximations that are intended to convey a meaning of approximately that exact number to the nearest hundredth, unless otherwise indicated. The term "about" is used to indicate that a value includes the standard variation expected to result from the specific measurement or procedure or to encompass minor variations from the stated value as would be appreciated by those skilled in the art. For example, "about" can include a variation less than or equal to 5%, optionally less than or equal to 4%, optionally less than or equal to 3%, optionally less than or equal to 2%, optionally less than or equal to 1%, optionally less than or equal to 0.5%, and in some aspects, optionally less than or equal to 0.1%.

[0047] In addition, the disclosure of ranges includes all values and further divisions of ranges as implicitly disclosed herein, including the endpoints of such ranges and subranges.

[0048] Embodiments of the present application will now be described in greater detail by way of example only. It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited to these examples alone.

[0049] The present application provides a starting circuit of a battery module control system, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in the figure, Figs. 1-3 The starting circuit comprises:

[0050] A first power supply circuit comprising an ACDC converter 1, an input end of the ACDC converter 1 being used to be connected with a power grid, and an output end being connected with a control system 6, and a second power supply circuit comprising a DCDC converter 3, an input end of the DCDC converter 3 being connected with a battery module 7, and an output end being connected with the control system 6.

[0051] Specifically, a normally closed relay 5 is arranged between the input end of the DCDC converter 3 and the battery module 7, a control end of the normally closed relay 5 being connected with the output end of the ACDC converter 1, when the ACDC converter 1 outputs a power supply voltage, the normally closed contact of the normally closed relay 5 is disconnected, the battery module 7 is disconnected with the DCDC converter 3; when the ACDC converter 1 has no power supply output, the normally closed contact of the normally closed relay 5 is attracted, the battery module 7 supplies power to the control system 6 through the DCDC converter 3.

[0052] The utility model discloses can be in the power grid power failure, through the connection of normally closed relay 5 and ACDC converter 1 and DCDC converter 3, realize the linkage control of DCDC converter 3 and battery module 7 connection state and ACDC converter 1 working state, realize the cold start of battery module management system or energy management system etc. This design ensures that in the case of no power supply, the energy storage system can be started independently, guarantees the continuity and reliability of power supply. On the other hand, the starting circuit of the utility model can ensure that the energy storage system can work stably after cold start, and at the same time, reduce the self-consumption problem of the battery, improve the long-time stable operation ability of the system.

[0053] In some embodiments, the starting circuit is arranged in the high-voltage box 9 of the energy storage system, and is used for off-grid starting of the battery management system or the energy management system of the battery module in the energy storage system.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first power supply circuit further comprises a first diode 2, a positive electrode of the first diode 2 is connected to an output end of the ACDC converter 1, and a negative electrode of the first diode 2 is connected to the control system 6.

[0055] In some embodiments, a control end of the normally closed relay 5 is connected between an output end of the ACDC converter 1 and a positive electrode of the first diode 2.

[0056] In some embodiments, a positive electrode of the output end of the ACDC converter 1 is connected to a positive electrode of a power supply input end of the control system 6 through the first diode 2, a negative electrode of the output end of the ACDC converter 1 is connected to a negative electrode of the power supply input end of the control system 6, a positive electrode of an output end of the DCDC converter 3 is connected to a negative electrode of the first diode 2, and a negative electrode of the output end of the DCDC converter 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the output end of the ACDC converter 1.

[0057] The output end of the ACDC converter 1 is provided with the first diode 2, and the output end of the DCDC converter 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode 2, so as to prevent the voltage of the output end of the DCDC converter 3 from being backfed to the output end of the ACDC converter 1, causing the coil of the normally closed relay 5 to be electrified, causing the disconnection between the DCDC converter 3 and the battery module 7, and affecting the stability of the starting of the control system.

[0058] In some embodiments, the second power supply circuit further comprises a second diode 4, a positive electrode of the second diode 4 is connected to the output end of the DCDC converter 3, and a negative electrode of the second diode 4 is connected to the control system 6.

[0059] In some embodiments, a positive electrode of the output end of the DCDC converter 3 is connected to a positive electrode of a power supply input end of the control system 6 through the second diode 4, and a negative electrode of the output end of the DCDC converter 3 is connected to a negative electrode of the power supply input end of the control system 6.

[0060] The output end of the DCDC converter 3 is provided with a second diode 4, which can prevent the current of the ACDC converter 1 from being back-irrigated to the DCDC converter 3 when the power supply on the grid side, so that the DCDC converter 3 works and is conducted with the battery module 7, and invalid energy consumption of the DCDC converter 3 is caused.

[0061] The utility model discloses a control of normally closed relay 5 and utilize the cooperation of first diode 2, second diode 4 and ACDC converter 1, DCDC converter 3 in circuit, realize efficient power switching from DC-DC converter 3 to AC-DC converter 1 under no manual operation. Once AC-DC converter 1 starts to work, normally closed relay 5 will automatically cut off the input power supply of DC-DC converter 3, avoid unnecessary power consumption of DC-DC converter 3 due to back-irrigation electricity, thereby improve the overall energy efficiency of system.

[0062] In some embodiments, the normally closed relay 5 includes a main circuit switch and a relay coil, as shown in Fig. 2 The input end of the main circuit switch is connected to the battery module 7, the output end is connected to the positive pole of the input end of the DCDC converter 3, the positive pole end of the relay coil is connected to the positive pole of the output end of the ACDC converter 1, and the negative pole end is connected to the negative pole of the output end of the ACDC converter 1.

[0063] In some embodiments, the starting circuit further includes a trip circuit breaker 8, the first end of the trip circuit breaker 8 is connected to the positive pole of the battery module 7, the second end is connected to the negative pole of the battery module 7, the positive pole of the input end of the DCDC converter 3 is connected to the first end of the trip circuit breaker 8 through the main circuit switch, and the negative pole of the input end of the DCDC converter 3 is connected to the second end of the trip circuit breaker 8.

[0064] Specifically, a normally closed relay 5 is connected in series at the positive input end of the DCDC converter 3, the main circuit input terminal of the normally closed relay 5 is connected to the rear end of the trip circuit breaker 8, the output terminal of the normally closed relay 5 is connected to the positive input end of the DCDC converter 3, and the negative input end of the DCDC converter 3 is connected to the negative pole of the rear stage of the trip circuit breaker 8.

[0065] Specifically, the first diode 2 is added at the positive output end of the ACDC converter 1 to prevent back-irrigation, the positive lead of the first diode 2 is connected to the positive end of the control coil of the normally closed relay 5, and the negative output end of the ACDC converter 1 is connected to the negative end of the control coil of the normally closed relay 5.

[0066] Specifically, the second diode 4 is added at the positive output end of the DCDC converter 3 to prevent back-irrigation, the positive pole of the second diode 4 is connected to the positive output end of the DC-DC, and the negative pole of the second diode 4 is connected to the negative pole of the first diode 2.

[0067] In some embodiments, the output voltage of the ACDC converter 1 is 24V, and the output voltage of the DCDC converter 3 is 24V.

[0068] In some embodiments, the control system 6 can be a battery management system BMS, or an energy management system EMS, or other control system of the battery module 7 that needs to be cold started.

[0069] With the above settings, please combine Figs. 1 to 3 The specific working process of the utility model is simply explained as follows:

[0070] 1. When the power grid is out of power and the energy storage system is not started, the system is not working, and the control system 6 has no power supply.

[0071] 2. Close the tripping circuit breaker 8. At this time, the normally closed relay 5 control coil has no power supply, the main circuit of the normally closed relay 5 is in a closed state, the positive electrode of the battery module 7 passes through the tripping circuit breaker 8, and then passes through the normally closed relay 5 to the input positive electrode of the DCDC converter 3. The DCDC converter 3 works, and the output 24V passes through the second diode 4 to the negative end of the first diode 2, and then reaches the BMS power supply input. Because of the existence of the first diode 2, the negative end of the first diode 2 also has 24V power, but because of the unidirectional conduction of the diode, the positive end of the first diode 2 is still 0V. The normally closed relay 5 control coil remains in a state of no power, and the main circuit of the normally closed relay 5 remains closed, so that the DCDC converter 3 maintains 24V output.

[0072] 3. After the BMS is powered on, initialization is performed, and then the power-on strategy is executed. When the system has no fault, the main negative and pre-charging relays are closed, and after pre-charging is completed, the main positive relay is closed and the pre-charging relay is disconnected. The battery power supply is loaded to the input of the PCS or UPS DC side, and the PCS or UPS works and outputs alternating current.

[0073] 4. When the PCS or UPS works, one of the phases returns to the AC input power supply of the high-voltage box 9, and the ACDC converter 1 in the high-voltage box 9 works and outputs 24V, as shown in Fig. 3 .

[0074] 5. When the ACDC converter 1 works, the positive electrode of the first diode 2 has 24V voltage. At this time, the normally closed relay 5 control coil is positively loaded with 24V voltage, and the main circuit of the normally closed relay 5 is disconnected, that is, the input power supply of the DCDC converter 3 is cut off, and the DCDC converter 3 does not work. And because of the existence of the second diode 4, although the negative electrode of the second diode 4 has 24V power supply, due to the unidirectional conduction of the diode, the positive electrode voltage of the second diode 4 is 0V. The DCDC converter 3 will not be backfilled, so the DCDC converter 3 will not consume power at all.

[0075] 6. At this time, the power supply of the control system 6 is provided by the ACDC converter 1, and the system works stably.

[0076] Through the above setting, the energy storage system realizes the cold start function, and after the cold start is completed, the cold start circuit is automatically cut off, thereby avoiding the problem of self-consumption of the battery by the cold start circuit.

[0077] The utility model discloses still provide a kind of energy storage system, energy storage system includes high pressure box 9, the starting circuit of above-mentioned high pressure box 9, starting circuit includes: first power supply circuit, including ACDC converter 1, the input end of ACDC converter 1 is used to connect with power grid, output end connection control system 6, second power supply circuit, including DCDC converter 3, the input end of DCDC converter 3 connects battery module 7, output end connection control system 6.The normally closed relay 5 is arranged between the input end of DCDC converter 3 and battery module 7, the control end of normally closed relay 5 is connected with the output end of ACDC converter 1, when ACDC converter 1 output power supply voltage, the normally closed contact of normally closed relay 5 is disconnected, battery module 7 is disconnected with DCDC converter 3;When ACDC converter 1 has no power supply output, the normally closed contact of normally closed relay 5 is attracted, and battery module 7 supplies power to control system 6 through DCDC converter 3.

[0078] The utility model can be connected with ACDC converter 1 and DCDC converter 3 through normally closed relay 5 when power grid is powered off, realize the linkage control of the connection state of DCDC converter 3 and battery module 7 and the working state of ACDC converter 1, reduce the process of manual operation switch and realize the automatic cold start of energy storage system.

[0079] The output end of ACDC converter 1 is provided with the first diode 2, and the output end of DCDC converter 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the first diode 2, so as to prevent the voltage of the output end of DCDC converter 3 from being reversed to the output end of ACDC converter 1, causing the coil of normally closed relay 5 to be powered, causing the disconnection between DCDC converter 3 and battery module 7, and affecting the stability of the start of the control system.

[0080] The output end of DCDC converter 3 is provided with the second diode 4, which can prevent the current of ACDC converter 1 from being reversed to DCDC converter 3 when the power supply on the power grid side, so that DCDC converter 3 works and conducts with battery module 7, causing the invalid energy consumption of DCDC converter 3.

[0081] The utility model realizes that AC-DC converter 1 starts to work through the control of normally closed relay 5 and the cooperation of the first diode 2, the second diode 4 and ACDC converter 1, DCDC converter 3 in circuit, normally closed relay 5 will automatically cut off DC-DC converter 3 from battery module 7, which avoids unnecessary power consumption of DC-DC converter 3, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0082] It should be pointed out that the above only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and not to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application, should be included within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A start-up circuit for a battery module control system, characterized in that, The startup circuit includes: The first power supply circuit includes an AC-CDC converter, the input of which is connected to the power grid, and the output of which is connected to the control system. The second power supply circuit includes a DC-DC converter, the input of which is connected to the battery module, and the output of which is connected to the control system. A normally closed relay is provided between the input terminal of the DC-DC converter and the battery module, and the control terminal of the normally closed relay is connected to the output terminal of the AC-DC converter. When the ACDC converter outputs a power supply voltage, the normally closed contact of the normally closed relay opens, and the battery module is disconnected from the DCDC converter; when the ACDC converter has no power output, the normally closed contact of the normally closed relay closes, and the battery module supplies power to the control system through the DCDC converter.

2. The startup circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first power supply circuit also includes a first diode, the anode of which is connected to the output terminal of the ACDC converter, and the cathode of which is connected to the control system.

3. The startup circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control terminal of the normally closed relay is connected between the output terminal of the ACDC converter and the positive terminal of the first diode.

4. The startup circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positive terminal of the output of the ACDC converter is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply input of the control system via the first diode, and the negative terminal of the output of the ACDC converter is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply input of the control system. The positive terminal of the DC-DC converter output is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode, and the negative terminal of the DC-DC converter output is connected to the negative terminal of the AC-DC converter output.

5. The startup circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second power supply circuit also includes a second diode, the positive terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC converter, and the negative terminal of which is connected to the control system.

6. The startup circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positive terminal of the DC-DC converter output is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply input of the control system via the second diode, and the negative terminal of the DC-DC converter output is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply input of the control system.

7. The starting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The normally closed relay includes a main circuit switch and a relay coil; The input terminal of the main circuit switch is connected to the battery module, and the output terminal of the main circuit switch is connected to the positive terminal of the input terminal of the DC-DC converter. The positive terminal of the relay coil is connected to the positive terminal of the ACCDC converter output, and the negative terminal of the relay coil is connected to the negative terminal of the ACCDC converter output.

8. The startup circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output voltage of the ACDC converter is 24V.

9. The startup circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is a battery management system (BMS) or an energy management system (EMS).

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, It includes a high-voltage box, which includes a starting circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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