Electric loader gearbox and electric loader

Abstract

An electric loader gearbox comprises a motor, an input gear set and a planet row, the input gear set and the planet row are connected with the motor, and the planet row is composed of a sun gear connected with the input gear set, a planet gear meshed with the sun gear, a planet carrier assembled on the planet gear and a gear ring meshed with the planet gear. The gearbox is characterized by further comprising an output shaft in spline fit with the planet carrier and a gear shifting assembly assembled on the output shaft, the gear shifting assembly is fixedly connected with the gearbox shell and the gear ring, and the gear ring is locked by the gearbox shell or locked with the planet carrier into a whole along with gear engaging of the gear shifting assembly. According to the utility model, the rapid switching between a high-speed torque-resisting gear and a low-speed high-torque gear is realized, the number of gears is reduced, the variable speed control structure and process are simplified, the loader can keep the optimal performance under different loads and speeds, the transmission efficiency is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, the space volume and the overall weight of the gearbox are reduced, and the degree of freedom of the whole vehicle arrangement is improved. The utility model further provides an electric loader.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of electric loader gearbox, electric loader belongs to electric loader technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] The loader is used for loading and unloading, pushing and operating construction of bulk materials such as soil, sand, coal, etc., and is widely used in various construction sites. The transmission system of the traditional wheel loader is powered by an internal combustion engine, and the transmission device is a hydraulic transmission. It is mainly composed of an engine, a hydraulic torque converter, a power shift transmission, a transmission shaft, a drive axle, etc. The transmission efficiency of the hydraulic torque converter is low, and the average efficiency is only about 30% during normal operation. The output torque of the hydraulic torque converter can only be adjusted indirectly by the diesel engine throttle, and the traction and vehicle speed cannot be adjusted and controlled separately, which makes control difficult. At the same time, due to the narrow speed range of the hydraulic torque converter, a multi-gear transmission is required to meet the wider speed range, which makes the structure of the transmission complex, and there are problems of frequent gear shifting and large gear shifting impact during driving, and the operation comfort of the whole machine is relatively poor. In order to meet the concept of energy saving and environmental protection, new energy technology is increasingly used in the field of electric loaders. The engine of the electric loader is replaced by an electric motor, and the control method remains unchanged. The power transmission system of this method still has the following problems:

[0003] 1. The transmission assembly has a large volume, a complex structure, low efficiency, mismatched speed ratio, high manufacturing and maintenance cost, and the traditional multi-gear transmission is not suitable for electric loaders due to its high cost and many gears.

[0004] 2. The speed and torque range of the electric loader is more extensive, but due to economic and dynamic considerations, a transmission is still required to widen the torque and speed range.

[0005] 3. Compared with passenger cars, the use environment and working conditions of electric loaders are more severe, and low-speed high-torque power is required during operation. If the transmission ratio is small, a low-speed high-torque motor needs to be selected, but such a motor has a large size and high cost. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0006] The electric loader gearbox provided by the utility model realizes quick switching of high-speed resistance gear and low-speed high-torque gear, reduces the number of gears, simplifies the transmission control structure and process, enables the loader to maintain optimal performance under different loads and speeds, improves transmission efficiency, reduces energy consumption, improves the economy and dynamics of the loader, reduces the space volume and overall weight of the transmission, and improves the freedom of vehicle layout. The utility model also provides an electric loader.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of:

[0008] The electric loader gearbox comprises a motor, an input gear set connected with the motor and a planetary gear set, the planetary gear set comprising a sun gear connected with the input gear set, a planet gear meshing with the sun gear, a planet carrier assembled on the planet gear and a ring gear meshing with the planet gear, characterized in that the gearbox further comprises an output shaft in spline connection with the planet carrier, and a shift assembly assembled on the output shaft, the shift assembly being fixed with the gearbox housing and the ring gear respectively, the ring gear being locked by the gearbox housing or locked integrally with the planet carrier when the shift assembly is engaged.

[0009] Preferably, the shift assembly comprises a shift gear rotatable on the output shaft through a bearing and fixed coaxially with the ring gear, a shift sleeve assembled on the shift gear and movable in the axial direction, an operation gear fixed with the gearbox housing and coaxially aligned with the shift gear, and a moving gear fixed coaxially on the output shaft and coaxially aligned with the shift gear, the shift gear being located between the operation gear and the moving gear, the shift sleeve moving to the left and combining with the operation gear to lock the ring gear on the gearbox housing, and the shift sleeve moving to the right and combining with the moving gear to lock the ring gear integrally with the planet carrier.

[0010] Preferably, the input gear set comprises an input gear fixed with the output of the motor, a constant meshing gear meshing with the input gear and a composite gear shaft, the constant meshing gear being fixed coaxially on one end of the composite gear shaft, and the sun gear being fixed coaxially on the other end of the composite gear shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the composite gear shaft is a hollow shaft, the output shaft extends through the planetary gear set, one end of the output shaft extending out of the composite gear shaft and the other end of the output shaft extending out of the ring gear.

[0012] Preferably, a brake is assembled on the output shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the input gear shaft, the planetary gear set, the shift assembly and the brake are arranged in sequence from front to back on the output shaft.

[0014] The electric loader comprises the electric loader gearbox described above.

[0015] The electric loader has the following advantages:

[0016] The utility model discloses an electric loader gearbox, output shaft and planetary carrier spline cooperation, with planetary carrier synchronous rotation, shift component is installed on the output shaft and is fixedly connected with gearbox housing and gear ring respectively, when shift component hangs the gear ring and locks up with gearbox housing, the power of motor is transmitted planetary row by input gear set, and the power transmission of low speed high torsion is formed to output shaft by planetary row big speed ratio deceleration, realizes the power output of low speed high torsion, satisfies the high torque power demand of loader operation condition, when shift component hangs the gear ring and locks into a whole with planetary carrier, the power of motor is transmitted to planetary row through input gear set, and only the small speed ratio deceleration between sun gear and planetary gear in planetary row is formed to drive transmission to output shaft directly, realizes the power output of high speed low torsion, satisfies the quick movement demand of electric loader removal vehicle condition, the cooperation of planetary row, output shaft and shift component realizes the quick switching of high speed resistance torsion gear position and low speed high torsion gear position, reduces the number of gear positions, simplifies the speed control structure and process, cancels the reverse gear structure by utilizing motor high efficiency interval and reversible characteristics, utilizes the transmission characteristics of planetary row speed ratio big, realizes the load operation demand of low speed high torsion, reduces the cost and improves transmission efficiency, makes the loader under different load and speed can maintain the best performance, improves transmission efficiency, reduces energy consumption, improves the economy and dynamic performance of loader, utilizes the compact structure characteristics of planetary row, reduces the space volume and overall weight of gearbox, improves the degree of freedom of whole vehicle arrangement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Fig. 1 It is the transmission structure schematic diagram of electric loader gearbox.

[0018] Fig. 2 It is the transmission structure schematic diagram of electric loader gearbox when shift tooth sleeve and operation gear wheel are combined.

[0019] Fig. 3 It is the transmission structure schematic diagram of electric loader gearbox when shift tooth sleeve and removal gear wheel are combined. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0020] The embodiment of the utility model is explained in detail. Figs. 1-3 The embodiment of the utility model is explained in detail.

[0021] Electric loader gearbox, including motor 1, with motor 1 connection input gear set 2 and planetary row 3, planetary row 3 is by with input gear set 2 connection sun gear 31, with sun gear 31 mesh planetary gear 32, assemble on planetary gear 32 planetary carrier 33 and with planetary gear 32 mesh gear ring 34 is composed, its characterized in that: still including with planetary carrier 33 spline cooperation output shaft 4, assemble on output shaft 4 shift component 5, shift component 5 and gearbox housing 6 and gear ring 34 are fixedly connected respectively, gear ring 34 is locked up with gearbox housing 6 or with planetary carrier 33 lock into a whole with the hanging of shift component 5.

[0022] The electric loader gearbox described above, the output shaft 4 is in spline with the planetary carrier 33, rotates synchronously with the planetary carrier 33, the shift assembly 5 is installed on the output shaft 4 and fixed with the gearbox housing 6 and the gear ring 34 respectively, when the shift assembly 5 engages the gear ring 34 and the gearbox housing 6, the power of the motor 1 is transmitted to the planetary gear set 3 by the input gear set 5, the planetary gear set 3 is decelerated by a large speed ratio to form a low-speed high-torque power transmission to the output shaft 7, realizing low-speed high-torque power output, meeting the high-torque power demand of the loader working condition, when the shift assembly 5 engages the gear ring 34 and the planetary carrier 33 as a whole, the power of the motor is transmitted to the planetary gear set 3 through the input gear set, only a small speed ratio between the sun gear and the planet gear in the planetary gear set 3 is decelerated and then directly drives to the output shaft 4, realizing high-speed low-torque power output, meeting the fast moving demand of the electric loader moving vehicle condition; the cooperation of the planetary gear set 3, the output shaft 4 and the shift assembly 2 realizes the quick switching of high-speed resistance torque gear and low-speed high-torque gear, reduces the number of gears, simplifies the structure and process of speed control, cancels the reverse gear structure by using the high efficiency interval and the reversible characteristics of the motor, uses the transmission characteristics of the large speed ratio of the planetary gear set to realize the low-speed high-torque load operation demand, reduces the cost and improves the transmission efficiency, makes the loader maintain the best performance under different loads and speeds, improves the transmission efficiency, reduces the energy consumption, improves the economy and power of the loader, uses the compact structure characteristics of the planetary gear set, reduces the space volume and overall weight of the gearbox, improves the freedom degree of vehicle layout.

[0023] The shift assembly 5 comprises a shift gear 51 rotatably mounted on the output shaft 2 through a bearing and coaxially fixed with the ring gear 34, a shift sleeve 52 mounted on the shift gear 51 and axially movable, a work shift gear 53 fixed with the transmission case 6 and coaxially aligned with the shift gear 51, a shift gear 54 coaxially fixed on the output shaft 4 and coaxially aligned with the shift gear 51, the shift gear 51 is located between the work shift gear 53 and the shift gear 54, the shift sleeve 52 moves to the left to combine with the work shift gear 53 to lock the ring gear 34 on the transmission case, and the shift sleeve 52 moves to the right to combine with the shift gear 54 to lock the ring gear 34 and the planet carrier 33 as a whole. The shift sleeve 52 is mounted on the shift gear 51 and located between the work shift gear 53 and the shift gear 54, and is not combined with the work shift gear 53 and the shift gear 54 in the initial state. When the shift sleeve 52 moves to the left on the shift gear 51 and combines with the work shift gear 53, the ring gear 34 is locked by the transmission case 6 and cannot rotate, the power of the motor 1 is transmitted to the planetary gear set 3 through the input gear set 2, the power is transmitted to the output shaft 4 after being reduced by the large speed ratio of the planetary gear set 3, and the power output from the output shaft 4 is suitable for the working condition of the loader. When the shift sleeve 52 moves to the right on the shift gear 51 and combines with the shift gear 54, the ring gear 34 and the planet carrier 33 are locked as a whole, the power of the motor is transmitted to the planetary gear set 3 through the input gear set 2, and since the planet carrier 33 and the ring gear 34 are locked together, only a small speed ratio reduction is formed between the sun gear and the planet gear in the planetary gear set 3, and the planet gear 32 directly drives the ring gear 34 and the planet carrier 33 to rotate synchronously, directly driving the power to the output shaft 4, forming a high-speed low-torque power transmission to the output shaft 4, and the power output from the output shaft 4 is suitable for the shift condition of the loader from one working point to another working point.

[0024] The input gear set 2 comprises an input gear 21 fixed with the motor output end, a constant mesh gear 22 meshing with the input gear 21, and a composite gear shaft 23, the constant mesh gear 22 is coaxially fixed on one end of the composite gear shaft 23, and the sun gear 31 is coaxially fixed on the other end of the composite gear shaft 23. The input gear 21 rotates synchronously with the motor and transmits power to the constant mesh gear 22, the constant mesh gear 22 drives the composite gear shaft 23 and the sun gear 21 to rotate synchronously, realizing stable transmission of power to the planetary gear set 3.

[0025] The composite gear shaft 23 is a hollow shaft, the output shaft 4 penetrates the planetary gear set 3, one end of the output shaft 4 extends out of the composite gear shaft 23, and the other end of the output shaft 4 extends out of the ring gear 34. The output shaft 4 penetrates the planetary gear set 3 and extends out of the composite gear shaft 23, the output shaft 4 is coaxially arranged in the planetary gear set 3, which reduces the axial and radial dimensions of the transmission, improves the compactness of the structure, and reduces the space volume of the transmission, thereby improving the freedom of arrangement of the transmission in the whole machine.

[0026] The output shaft 4 is provided with a brake 7. The shift gear sleeve 52 is located between the working shift gear 53 and the moving vehicle shift gear 54 and is not combined with both, so as to be in the neutral position. Since the gear ring 34 is fixed with the shift gear 51 and the shift gear 51 can rotate on the output shaft 4, when the motor 1 outputs power in the neutral state, the power is transmitted to the planetary gear set 3 through the input gear set 2, so as to make the gear ring 34 and the shift gear 51 rotate on the output shaft 4, but the power cannot be transmitted to the output shaft 4, the planetary gear 32 only rotates under the driving of the sun gear, and the planetary carrier 33 cannot rotate, the torque received by the planetary carrier 33 is small, the torque transmitted from the planetary carrier 33 to the output shaft 4 is small, and the output shaft cannot rotate, the force between the planetary carrier 33 and the output shaft 4 in the neutral state is small, so that the spline teeth between the planetary carrier 33 and the output shaft 4 are prevented from being deformed due to the large force, and since the planetary carrier is not locked to ensure that the loader is stable and does not slide, the brake 7 is used to brake the output shaft 4 to death, so as to prevent the output shaft 4 from rotating and ensure that the loader is in a stable parking state and does not slide.

[0027] The input gear shaft 2, the planetary gear set 3, the shift assembly 5 and the brake 7 are arranged on the output shaft 4 from front to back. The axial space of the output shaft 4 is fully utilized, the axial and radial dimensions of the gearbox are effectively reduced, the structural compactness is improved, and the freedom degree of the gearbox in the whole machine is further improved.

[0028] The utility model also provides a kind of electric loader, it is characterized by comprising the electric loader gearbox described above.Satisfy the high-torque power demand of loader operating condition and the quick movement demand of moving vehicle condition, realize the quick switching of high-speed resistance to twist gear position and low-speed high-torsion gear position, loader can keep optimum performance under different load and speed, improve transmission efficiency, reduce energy consumption, improve the economy and power of loader.

[0029] The technical scheme of the embodiment of the utility model is described completely in combination with the drawings, and it should be noted that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model. Based on the embodiment in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An electric drive loader transmission comprising an electric motor, an input gear set connected to the electric motor, and a planetary gear set comprising a sun gear connected to the input gear set, a plurality of planet gears meshing with the sun gear, a planet carrier on which the planet gears are mounted, and a ring gear meshing with the planet gears, characterized in that: The output shaft is in mesh with the planet carrier, the shift assembly is assembled on the output shaft, the shift assembly is fixed with the transmission case and the ring gear respectively, and the ring gear is locked by the transmission case or locked as a whole with the planet carrier when the shift assembly is engaged.

2. The electrically powered loader gearbox of claim 1, wherein: The shift assembly includes a shift gear rotatable on the output shaft through a bearing and coaxially fixed with the ring gear, a shift sleeve assembled on the shift gear and movable in the axial direction, a service shift gear fixed with the transmission case and coaxially aligned with the shift gear, and a shift gear coaxially fixed on the output shaft and coaxially aligned with the shift gear, the shift gear is located between the service shift gear and the shift gear, the shift sleeve moves to the left and combines with the service shift gear to lock the ring gear on the transmission case, and the shift sleeve moves to the right and combines with the shift gear to lock the ring gear as a whole with the planet carrier.

3. The electrically powered loader transmission of claim 1, wherein: The input gear set includes an input gear fixed with the motor output end, a constant mesh gear engaged with the input gear, and a composite gear shaft, the constant mesh gear is coaxially fixed on one end of the composite gear shaft, and the sun gear is coaxially fixed on the other end of the composite gear shaft.

4. The electrically powered loader gearbox of claim 3, characterized in that: The composite gear shaft is a hollow shaft, the output shaft penetrates the planetary gear set, one end of the output shaft extends from the composite gear shaft, and the other end of the output shaft extends from the ring gear.

5. The electrically powered loader gearbox of claim 1, wherein: The brake is assembled on the output shaft.

6. The electrically powered loader gearbox of claim 5, wherein: The input gear set, the planetary gear set, the shift assembly, and the brake are arranged in sequence from front to back on the output shaft.

7. A motorized loader characterized by: The electric loader transmission case includes the input gear set, the planetary gear set, the shift assembly, and the brake. The electric loader transmission case includes the input gear set, the planetary gear set, the shift assembly, and the brake.

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