Glass sphere particle drying device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a glass sphere particle drying device which comprises a drying cylinder, a drying device body is arranged in the drying cylinder, a control device is arranged on one side of the drying cylinder, the control device comprises a rotating plate, a driven wheel, driving teeth, a control sleeve, a movable pipe, a connecting pipe and a hard pipe, the rotating plate is connected to one side of the driven wheel, the driving teeth are arranged at one end of the movable pipe, and the control sleeve is arranged at the other end of the movable pipe. A locking mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the hard pipe and comprises a fixing block, an adaptive sleeve, a matching spring, a matching sleeve, a matching rod, a matching hole, a matching block, a guide groove, a guide block, an adaptive groove, an adaptive rod and an adaptive spring, the two ends of the matching spring are connected with the matching block and the fixing block, the matching rod is connected to one side of the adaptive sleeve, the matching hole is formed in the matching sleeve, and the guide groove is formed in the outer side of the hard pipe. The guide block is connected to the inner side of the adaptive sleeve, the adaptive grooves are formed in the outer side of the hard pipe, one end of the adaptive rod is connected with the outer wall of the control sleeve through the adaptive spring, the production efficiency is improved, the use flexibility of equipment is improved, and meanwhile the structural stability of the equipment is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to glass sphere particle processing technical field more specifically, it relates to a glass sphere particle drying device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, glass sphere particle drying device has the following problems: first, the current glass sphere particle drying device mainly relies on the natural drying principle work, this kind of working mode is not only influenced by temperature, humidity and other environmental factors greatly, leading to drying effect unstable, at the same time due to the slow speed of natural drying, leading to low production efficiency, increase the artificial waiting time and labor intensity, in addition, natural drying process may also be affected by environmental pollutants and affect product quality, even under special weather conditions cannot normally work, seriously affect production progress and product delivery cycle.

[0003] Secondly, the drying equipment in the prior art generally adopts fixed flow rate design, lacks flexible adjustment mechanism for drying air input speed, this single fixed flow rate setting cannot meet the drying needs of different batches, different specifications of glass sphere particles, when encountering larger or smaller specifications of products, fixed flow rate may lead to insufficient drying or over drying problem, at the same time, in the production process, if environmental temperature and humidity change, also cannot adjust the air speed to adapt to this change, affect the stability of product drying quality, increase the product scrap rate and production cost.

[0004] Thirdly, although part of the equipment designs flow rate adjustment device to improve the adjustable nature of drying air input speed, but the structure of these devices is too simple and rough, poor reliability, in the equipment running process, due to the continuous impact of high-speed airflow on the inner wall of the pipeline, and the vibration generated by the equipment operation, it is easy to cause the adjustment structure to loosen, shift or even damage, once the adjustment structure shifts or fails, not only will the previously adjusted drying air flow rate change, affect the drying effect, also may cause airflow turbulence, even cause equipment failure, this unstable adjustment mechanism not only reduces the working efficiency of the equipment and product quality, also increases the maintenance cost and safety hazard of the equipment, may cause personnel injury and property loss. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0005] (I) technical problem solved

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a glass sphere particle drying device to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] (II) technical scheme

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a kind of glass sphere particle drying device, including drying cylinder, its characterized by: drying device is arranged in the drying cylinder, control device is arranged in the one side of drying cylinder, the control device includes rotating plate, driven wheel, driving tooth, control sleeve, movable pipe, connecting pipe and hard pipe, the rotating plate is connected in the one side of driven wheel, the driven wheel rotation is arranged in hard pipe, the driving tooth is fixedly arranged in movable pipe one end, the control sleeve is rotatably connected with hard pipe and connecting pipe respectively at both ends, the movable pipe is fixedly arranged in control sleeve inboard, locking mechanism is arranged on the outside of hard pipe, the locking mechanism includes fixed block, adapter sleeve, cooperation spring, cooperation sleeve, cooperation rod, cooperation hole, cooperation block, guide slot, guide block, adapter slot, adapter rod and adapter spring, the fixed block is fixedly connected on the outside of hard pipe, the adapter sleeve is sleeved on the outside of hard pipe, the cooperation spring is connected with cooperation block and fixed block respectively at both ends, the cooperation sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the outside of hard pipe, the cooperation rod is fixedly connected on the one side of adapter sleeve, the cooperation hole is formed in cooperation sleeve, the cooperation block is fixedly connected on the one side of cooperation sleeve, the guide slot is formed on the outside of hard pipe, the guide block is fixedly connected inboard of adapter sleeve, a plurality of adapter slots are formed on the outside of hard pipe, one end of the adapter rod is connected with adapter sleeve through adapter spring and control sleeve outer wall, the other end of the adapter rod is inserted into adapter slot.

[0009] The utility model further sets up, a plurality of via holes are formed on the rotating plate.

[0010] The utility model further sets up, the cooperation rod outside is provided with push spring, one end of the push spring is connected with adapter sleeve, the other end of the push spring is connected with cooperation sleeve in contact mode.

[0011] The utility model further sets up, the control sleeve, cooperation sleeve and adapter sleeve outside are all connected with anti-skid strip.

[0012] The utility model further sets up, the drying device includes fixed frame, middle pipe, through -hole, rotating frame and middle warehouse, the fixed frame is detachably installed below drying cylinder, the middle warehouse rotation is arranged in drying cylinder, the through -hole is formed in the lateral wall of middle pipe, the middle pipe is communicated with the inside of middle warehouse, the rotating frame is fixedly connected in one end of middle pipe, the setting of drying device guarantees uniform and fast drying, and improves drying efficiency.

[0013] The utility model further sets up, the top of drying cylinder is provided with feeding port, and the setting of feeding port is convenient for loading operation.

[0014] The utility model further sets up, the one side of drying cylinder is detachably provided with baffle.

[0015] The utility model further sets up, one end of the middle pass bin is connected with connecting shaft, the one side of fixed frame is detachable with drive assembly, drive assembly output and connecting shaft are connected, the setting of above -mentioned components provides power support for the rotation of middle pass pipe and middle pass bin etc.

[0016] (Three) beneficial effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a kind of glass sphere particle drying device, with following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1, drying device is by being arranged in drying cylinder middle pass bin and the uniformly distributed middle pass pipe, rotating frame structure, and is rotated by drive assembly, realizes the full tumbling of glass sphere, simultaneously utilizes the even distribution design of middle pass pipe side wall through-hole, ensures that drying wind is evenly output, effectively overcome the problems, such as, traditional natural drying is greatly influenced by environment, drying efficiency is low and pollutant interference, speed up production efficiency, reduce artificial waiting time and labor intensity.

[0019] 2, control device adopts the adjusting mode of rotating plate design and rotation cooperation, changes rotating plate through-hole angle and adjacent rotating plate gap by control sleeve driving movable pipe, driving gear and driven wheel rotating linkage mechanism, realizes the accurate adjustment of drying wind speed, solves the technical problems, such as, existing fixed flow rate design cannot adapt to different specifications product demand, cannot be adjusted when environment changes, leading to unstable product quality, guarantees the stability of product drying quality, reduces product scrap rate and production cost.

[0020] 3, locking mechanism includes multiple components, such as, cooperation spring, cooperation block, guide block, the structure formed by cooperation of these components forms multiple locking mechanisms, through the positioning cooperation of cooperation rod and cooperation hole, the sliding guide of guide block in guide groove and mutual limiting, simultaneously through the elastic engagement of adaptive rod and adaptive slot, form complete limit protection system, overcome the technical defects, such as, existing speed regulation device simple structure, easily loosened by vibration, unstable adjusting structure and security risk, not only improve the working efficiency of equipment and product quality, also reduce the maintenance cost and security risk of equipment, guarantee personnel safety and economic benefits. ACCURACY OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic drawing of a kind of glass sphere particle drying device in the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the section view structure schematic drawing of drying cylinder part in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is the section view structure schematic drawing of control device and locking mechanism part in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 For Figure 3 The local enlarged structure schematic view at A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 For Figure 3 The local enlarged structure schematic view at B in the middle.

[0026] In the figure: 1, drying cylinder; 2, rotating plate; 3, driven wheel; 4, driving tooth; 5, control sleeve; 6, movable pipe; 7, connecting pipe; 8, hard pipe; 9, fixed block; 10, adapting sleeve; 11, matching spring; 12, matching sleeve; 13, matching rod; 14, matching hole; 15, matching block; 16, guide groove; 17, guide block; 18, adapting groove; 19, adapting rod; 20, adapting spring; 21, via hole; 22, push spring; 23, anti-skid strip; 24, fixed frame; 25, middle through pipe; 26, through hole; 27, rotating frame; 28, middle through bin; 29, feeding port; 30, material blocking plate; 31, connecting shaft; 32, driving assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] It should be noted that the embodiments and the features in the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all the technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as that generally understood by the ordinary skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0029] In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the directions such as "up, down" are generally directed to the directions shown in the drawings, or are directed to the vertical, perpendicular or gravity directions; similarly, for the convenience of understanding and description, "left, right" are generally directed to the left and right shown in the drawings; "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component itself, but the above direction words are not used to limit the present application.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-5The utility model provides a kind of glass sphere particle drying device, including drying cylinder 1, it is characterized by: drying cylinder 1 is provided with drying device, drying cylinder 1 side is provided with control device, control device includes rotating plate 2, driven wheel 3, driving tooth 4, control sleeve 5, movable pipe 6, connecting pipe 7 and hard pipe 8, rotating plate 2 is connected in driven wheel 3 side, driven wheel 3 rotation is arranged in hard pipe 8, driving tooth 4 is fixedly arranged in movable pipe 6 one end, control sleeve 5 two ends are rotatably connected with hard pipe 8 and connecting pipe 7 respectively, movable pipe 6 is fixedly arranged in control sleeve 5 inner side, hard pipe 8 outer side is provided with locking mechanism, locking mechanism includes fixed block 9, adaptation sleeve 10, cooperation spring 11, cooperation sleeve 12, cooperation rod 13, cooperation hole 14, cooperation block 15, guide slot 16, guide block 17, adaptation slot 18, adaptation rod 19 and adaptation spring 20, fixed block 9 is fixedly connected in hard pipe 8 outer side, adaptation sleeve 10 is set in hard pipe 8 outer side, cooperation spring 11 two ends are connected with cooperation block 15 and fixed block 9 respectively, cooperation sleeve 12 rotatably sets in hard pipe 8 outer side, cooperation rod 13 is fixedly connected in adaptation sleeve 10 one side, cooperation hole 14 is opened in cooperation sleeve 12, cooperation block 15 is fixedly connected in cooperation sleeve 12 one side, guide slot 16 is opened in hard pipe 8 outer side, guide block 17 is fixedly connected in adaptation sleeve 10 inner side, multiple adaptation slot 18 are opened in hard pipe 8 outer side, adaptation rod 19 one end is connected by adaptation spring 20 and control sleeve 5 outer wall, and adaptation rod 19 other end is inserted into adaptation slot 18.

[0031] A plurality of through holes 21 are formed on the rotating plate 2.

[0032] The cooperation rod 13 is sleeved with a push spring 22 outside, one end of the push spring 22 is connected with the adaptation sleeve 10, and the other end of the push spring 22 is connected with the cooperation sleeve 12 in a contact manner.

[0033] The control sleeve 5, the cooperation sleeve 12 and the adaptation sleeve 10 are connected with anti-skid strips 23 outside.

[0034] In this embodiment, when the input speed of the drying air needs to be adjusted, first rotate the fitting sleeve 12, which will drive the fitting hole 14 and the fitting block 15 to rotate, then the fitting block 15 will cooperate with the fixed block 9 to extrude the fitting spring 11, when the fitting spring 11 is extruded to the limit, the fitting hole 14 just moves to the position concentric with the fitting rod 13, then push the adapter sleeve 10, so that the adapter sleeve 10 drives the fitting rod 13 and the guide block 17 to slide along the guide groove 16, so that the fitting rod 13 penetrates into the fitting hole 14, at the same time the adapter sleeve 10 will cooperate with the fitting sleeve 12 to extrude the push spring 22 outside the fitting rod 13, then the inner wall of the adapter sleeve 10 no longer limits the outer end of the adapter rod 19, then rotate the control sleeve 5, which will drive the multiple adapter rods 19 slidingly arranged on the side wall to move, then the adapter slot 18 side wall extrudes the end of the adapter rod 19, due to the round corner structure design of the edge of the adapter slot 18 and the end of the adapter rod 19, then one end of the adapter rod 19 will slide out of the adapter slot 18, then the other end of the adapter rod 19 will drive the adapter spring 20 to stretch, at the same time the control sleeve 5 will drive the movable tube 6 arranged inside to rotate, then the movable tube 6 will drive the driving teeth 4 arranged at one end to rotate, then the driving teeth 4 will drive each driving wheel 3 meshing therewith to rotate, then the driving wheel 3 will drive the rotating plate 2 arranged on one side to rotate, then the rotating plate 2 will drive the through hole 21 to change the angle, at the same time the gap between the adjacent rotating plates 2 changes, thereby changing the passing volume of the drying air, after adjusting appropriately, stop rotating the control sleeve 5, and make the adapter spring 20 drive the adapter rod 19 to insert into the corresponding adapter slot 18, then release the adapter sleeve 10, the push spring 22 pushes the adapter sleeve 10 to drive the fitting rod 13 and the guide block 17 to slide along the guide groove 16 to reset, then when the push spring 22 is completely reset, the fitting rod 13 no longer limits the fitting hole 14, then the fitting spring 11 will push the fitting block 15 to rotate to reset, then the fitting block 15 drives the fitting sleeve 12 to rotate to reset, then the fitting sleeve 12 drives the fitting hole 14 to rotate to reset, and makes the fitting hole 14 move to the position not corresponding to the fitting rod 13, then the fitting rod 13 and the fitting sleeve 12 cooperate to limit the adapter sleeve 10, the guide block 17 limits the guide groove 16 to prevent the adapter sleeve 10 from moving, then the inner wall of the adapter sleeve 10 limits the outer end of the adapter rod 19 again to prevent the adapter rod 19 from moving, then the adapter rod 19 and the adapter slot 18 cooperate to limit the control sleeve 5 to prevent the control sleeve 5 and the movable tube 6 from moving, thereby ensuring the structural stability after the flow rate is adjusted.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1-3As an embodiment of the drying device: the drying device comprises a fixing frame 24, a middle-through pipe 25, a through hole 26, a rotating frame 27 and a middle-through bin 28, the fixing frame 24 is detachably installed below the drying cylinder 1, the middle-through bin 28 is rotationally arranged in the drying cylinder 1, the through hole 26 is arranged in the sidewall of the middle-through pipe 25, the middle-through pipe 25 is in communication with the inside of the middle-through bin 28, and the rotating frame 27 is fixedly connected to one end of the middle-through pipe 25.

[0036] The drying cylinder 1 is provided with an inlet 29 at the top end.

[0037] The drying cylinder 1 is provided with a blocking plate 30 on one side.

[0038] One end of the middle-through bin 28 is provided with a connecting shaft 31, one side of the fixing frame 24 is detachably provided with a driving assembly 32, and the output end of the driving assembly 32 is connected to the connecting shaft 31.

[0039] More specifically, when the device needs to be used, first, the glass sphere particles are put into the drying cylinder 1 through the inlet 29, then the driving assembly 32 is turned on, so that the driving assembly 32 drives the connecting shaft 31 to rotate, then the connecting shaft 31 drives the middle-through bin 28 to rotate, then the middle-through bin 28 drives the middle-through pipe 25 and the rotating frame 27 to rotate, so that the glass spheres move in the drying cylinder 1, then the drying air conveying assembly outside the connecting pipe 7 is turned on, so that the drying air is input into the connecting pipe 7, then the drying air is conveyed into the middle-through bin 28 through the movable pipe 6 and the hard pipe 8, then the drying air is conveyed into each middle-through pipe 25 through the middle-through bin 28, then the drying air is conveyed into the drying cylinder 1 through the through holes 26 arranged in the sidewall of the middle-through pipe 25, so as to uniformly dry the glass spheres, which greatly improves the drying efficiency, after drying, the blocking plate 30 is removed, then the dried glass spheres are conveyed into the collecting device outside one side of the drying cylinder 1.

[0040] In summary, when the input speed of the drying air needs to be adjusted, the following steps are taken: first, rotate the fitting sleeve 12, which will drive the fitting hole 14 and the fitting block 15 to rotate, then the fitting block 15 will cooperate with the fixed block 9 to press the fitting spring 11, when the fitting spring 11 is pressed to the limit, the fitting hole 14 is just moved to the position concentric with the fitting rod 13, then push the adapter sleeve 10, so that the adapter sleeve 10 drives the fitting rod 13 and the guide block 17 to slide along the guide groove 16, so that the fitting rod 13 penetrates into the fitting hole 14, at the same time the adapter sleeve 10 will cooperate with the fitting sleeve 12 to press the push spring 22 outside the fitting rod 13, then the inner wall of the adapter sleeve 10 no longer limits the outer end of the adapter rod 19, then rotate the control sleeve 5, which will drive the multiple adapter rods 19 slidingly arranged on the side wall to move, then the adapter slot 18 side wall presses the end of the adapter rod 19, due to the round corner structure design of the edge of the adapter slot 18 and the end of the adapter rod 19, then the one end of the adapter rod 19 will slide out of the adapter slot 18, then the other end of the adapter rod 19 will drive the adapter spring 20 to stretch, at the same time the control sleeve 5 will drive the movable tube 6 arranged inside to rotate, then the movable tube 6 will drive the driving teeth 4 arranged at one end to rotate, then the driving teeth 4 will drive the driven wheels 3 meshing therewith to rotate, then the driven wheels 3 will drive the rotating plates 2 arranged on one side to rotate, then the rotating plates 2 will drive the through holes 21 to change the angle, at the same time the gap between the adjacent rotating plates 2 changes, thereby changing the passing volume of the drying air, after adjusting to the appropriate, stop rotating the control sleeve 5, and make the adapter spring 20 drive the adapter rod 19 to insert into the corresponding adapter slot 18, then release the adapter sleeve 10, the push spring 22 pushes the adapter sleeve 10 to drive the fitting rod 13 and the guide block 17 to slide along the guide groove 16 to reset, then when the push spring 22 is completely reset, the fitting rod 13 no longer limits the fitting hole 14, then the fitting spring 11 will push the fitting block 15 to rotate to reset, then the fitting block 15 drives the fitting sleeve 12 to rotate to reset, then the fitting sleeve 12 drives the fitting hole 14 to rotate to reset, and makes the fitting hole 14 move to the position not corresponding to the fitting rod 13, then the fitting rod 13 and the fitting sleeve 12 cooperate to limit the adapter sleeve 10, the guide block 17 limits the guide groove 16 to prevent the adapter sleeve 10 from moving, then the inner wall of the adapter sleeve 10 limits the outer end of the adapter rod 19 again to prevent the adapter rod 19 from moving, then the adapter rod 19 and the adapter slot 18 cooperate to limit the control sleeve 5 to prevent the control sleeve 5 and the movable tube 6 from moving, thereby ensuring the structural stability after the flow rate is adjusted.

[0041] When the device needs to be used, first, the glass sphere particles are put into the drying cylinder 1 through the feeding port 29, then the driving assembly 32 is opened, so that the driving assembly 32 drives the connecting shaft 31 to rotate, then the connecting shaft 31 drives the middle pass bin 28 to rotate, then the middle pass bin 28 drives the middle pass pipe 25 and the rotating frame 27 to rotate, so that the glass spheres move in the drying cylinder 1, then the drying air conveying assembly outside the connecting pipe 7 is opened, so that the drying air is input into the connecting pipe 7, then the drying air is conveyed into the middle pass bin 28 through the movable pipe 6 and the hard pipe 8, then the drying air is conveyed into each middle pass pipe 25 through the middle pass bin 28, then the drying air is conveyed into the drying cylinder 1 through the multiple through holes 26 on the side wall of the middle pass pipe 25, so that the glass spheres are uniformly dried, the drying efficiency is greatly improved, after drying, the blocking plate 30 is disassembled, then the dried glass spheres are conveyed into the collecting device outside the drying cylinder 1.

[0042] In all the solutions mentioned above, the connection between the two components can be selected according to the actual situation, such as welding, bolt and nut connection, bolt or screw connection or other known connection mode, which will not be described one by one, and the welding is preferred when the fixed connection is involved, although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that the embodiments can be changed, modified, replaced and modified in various ways without departing from the principles and spirits of the utility model, the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A glass sphere particle drying apparatus comprising a drying cylinder (1), characterized by: The drying device is arranged in the drying cylinder (1), and the control device is arranged on one side of the drying cylinder (1). The control device comprises a rotating plate (2), a driven wheel (3), a driving tooth (4), a control sleeve (5), a movable pipe (6), a connecting pipe (7) and a hard pipe (8). The rotating plate (2) is connected to one side of the driven wheel (3). The driving tooth (4) is arranged at one end of the movable pipe (6). The movable pipe (6) is arranged in the control sleeve (5). The locking mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the hard pipe (8). The locking mechanism comprises a fixed block (9), an adapter sleeve (10), a matching spring (11), a matching sleeve (12), a matching rod (13), a matching hole (14), a matching block (15), a guide groove (16), a guide block (17), an adapter groove (18), an adapter rod (19) and an adapter spring (20). The adapter sleeve (10) is arranged on the outer side of the hard pipe (8). The two ends of the matching spring (11) are connected to the matching block (15) and the fixed block (9). The matching sleeve (12) is arranged on the outer side of the hard pipe (8). The matching rod (13) is connected to one side of the adapter sleeve (10). The matching hole (14) is arranged on the matching sleeve (12). The guide groove (16) is arranged on the outer side of the hard pipe (8). The guide block (17) is connected to the inner side of the adapter sleeve (10). A plurality of adapter grooves (18) are arranged on the outer side of the hard pipe (8). One end of the adapter rod (19) is connected to the control sleeve (5) through the adapter spring (20).

2. A glass sphere particle drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of through holes (21) are arranged on the rotating plate (2).

3. The apparatus for drying glass sphere particles according to claim 1, wherein: A push spring (22) is arranged on the outer side of the matching rod (13). One end of the push spring (22) is connected to the adapter sleeve (10). The other end of the push spring (22) is connected to the matching sleeve (12) in a contact manner.

4. A glass sphere particle drying apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: Anti-skid strips (23) are arranged on the outer sides of the control sleeve (5), the matching sleeve (12) and the adapter sleeve (10).

5. A glass sphere particle drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the drying apparatus is characterized by: The drying device comprises a fixed frame (24), a middle pipe (25), a through hole (26), a rotating frame (27) and a middle warehouse (28). The fixed frame (24) is detachably arranged below the drying cylinder (1). The middle warehouse (28) is rotatably arranged in the drying cylinder (1). The through hole (26) is arranged on the side wall of the middle pipe (25). The middle pipe (25) is in communication with the inside of the middle warehouse (28). The rotating frame (27) is fixedly connected to one end of the middle pipe (25).

6. A glass sphere particle drying apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: An inlet (29) is arranged at the top end of the drying cylinder (1).

7. A glass sphere particle drying apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein: A material blocking plate (30) is detachably arranged on one side of the drying cylinder (1).

8. A glass sphere particle drying apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: A connecting shaft (31) is arranged at one end of the middle warehouse (28). A driving assembly (32) is detachably arranged on one side of the fixed frame (24). The output end of the driving assembly (32) is connected to the connecting shaft (31).

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