Inactive micro-powder saturated surface dry sample forming and testing all-in-one machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses an inactive micro-powder saturated surface dry sample forming and testing all-in-one machine which comprises a base, the base comprises a base and a hollow supporting boss arranged at one end of the base, and each side face of the supporting boss is provided with a hollow structure and / or a limiting groove communicated with an inner cavity; the sample forming mechanism is arranged on the base and comprises a water storage box for collecting water extruded in the process of pressing the to-be-tested sample and a forming mold which is detachably arranged in the water storage box and is used for filling the to-be-tested sample; the pressure applying mechanism is arranged on the base and is used for applying pressure to the forming mold so as to press and form the to-be-tested sample in the forming mold; and the displacement detection mechanism is arranged on the pressure applying mechanism and is used for detecting the displacement deformation of the sample pressed and formed in the forming mold. The utility model has the beneficial effects that the interference during sample preparation and lofting is avoided, and the accuracy and convenience of measurement are obviously improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of micro-powder saturated surface dry detection methods, and particularly relates to a non-active micro-powder saturated surface dry sample forming and testing all-in-one machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important parameter, the performance index of the saturated surface dry water absorption rate has a great influence on the concrete mix design and quality control, so the saturated surface dry water absorption rate of the sand and stone material needs to be accurately measured. The saturated surface dry water absorption rate of coarse aggregate can be tested by using the net basket method, the free water on the surface is wiped off by using a soft cloth until the free water film disappears and no shiny water marks can be seen, which is the saturated surface dry state. The saturated surface dry water absorption rate of fine aggregate can be measured by using the slump cylinder method, but the saturated surface dry state of micro-powder (<0.075 mm) is difficult to judge, and the reasons are as follows: ① the tested sample should have uniform moisture distribution; ② the instrument should have high precision to detect the small change of the water content in the tested sample; and ③ the temperature and humidity of the detection environment may affect the drying process of the sample. At present, there is no clear measurement method for judging in the existing standard specification, and under the guidance of no quantitative test index, the test data error is large, and time and labor are consumed. The Chinese patent application file with the publication number CN105043942A discloses a quantitative determination device for the saturated surface dry state of fine aggregate, and the method is that the sand flows down through a funnel, and then the sand pile height is measured to determine whether the sand reaches the saturated surface dry state. This method better solves the problem that the saturated surface dry state needs to be judged by the subjective judgment of a person, but the test process still needs to be repeatedly switched between the two operations of drying the sample and judging the saturated surface dry state, the test process is still very complicated, the test time is still long, and the micro-powder (i.e. the powder particle size <0.075 mm) needs to be screened out during the test, so that the method cannot be used to measure the micro-powder with the powder particle size <0.075 mm.

[0003] Therefore, in order to effectively solve the problem that the saturated surface dry water absorption rate of micro-powder is difficult to be quantitatively measured, a non-active micro-powder saturated surface dry test method is needed to improve the device and method for accurately measuring the saturated surface dry water absorption rate of micro-powder. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a non-active micro-powder saturated surface dry sample forming and testing all-in-one machine, which is used to solve the problem that the saturated surface dry water absorption rate of micro-powder is difficult to be quantitatively measured.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] The present application provides a non-active micro-powder saturated surface dry sample forming and testing all-in-one machine, which is characterized by comprising:

[0007] The base comprises a base and a hollow support boss arranged at one end of the base, each side of the support boss is provided with a hollow structure and / or a limiting groove communicating with the inner cavity;

[0008] The sample forming mechanism is arranged on the base and comprises a water storage box for collecting water squeezed out during pressing of the test sample and a forming die detachably arranged in the water storage box for filling the test sample;

[0009] The pressing mechanism is arranged on the base and is used for pressing the forming die to press and form the test sample in the forming die; and

[0010] The displacement detection mechanism is arranged on the pressing mechanism and is used for detecting the displacement deformation of the test sample pressed and formed in the forming die.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the base comprises a base and a hollow support boss arranged at one end of the base, each side of the support boss is provided with a hollow structure and / or a limiting groove communicating with the inner cavity.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the forming die comprises a lower guard ring, a ring cutter, an upper guard ring, an upper water permeable stone and a pressing cover arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the lower guard ring, the ring cutter and the upper guard ring are partially overlapped to form a forming cavity in communication with the upper and lower portions for accommodating the test sample, and the inner bottom of the lower guard ring is provided with a lower water permeable stone; the center of the pressing cover is provided with a pressure transmission column arranged along the central axis of the pressing cover, and the top of the pressure transmission column movably embeds a steel ball.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the upper water permeable stone and the lower water permeable stone are composed of aluminum oxide or corrosion-resistant metal materials.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the diameter of the upper water permeable stone is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring cutter.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the diameter of the upper water permeable stone is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring cutter by 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the inner diameter of the ring cutter is 61.8 mm, and the height is 20 mm.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the ring cutter should have a certain rigidity, and a silicon grease layer or a polytetrafluoroethylene layer should be coated on the surface of the forming die in contact with the test sample.

[0018] As the preferred of the utility model, the water storage box includes the box body of setting on the support boss and the top opening and the press type elastic self -locking mechanism for adjusting the vertical height of the forming die set in the box body, the press type elastic self -locking mechanism includes the hook top plate, the buckle of setting in the hook top plate bottom, the pull rod of setting in the buckle lower part, the spring of setting in the buckle bottom and the bottom box of setting in the box body bottom, the side of bottom box is equipped with the special-shaped limit slot, the pull rod is equipped with the convex, the convex is inserted in the special-shaped limit slot and is reliably limited by the special-shaped limit slot, realizes the adjustment of the position of hook top plate in vertical direction.

[0019] As the preferred of the utility model, the press type elastic self -locking mechanism has the first locking state and the second locking state, when the first locking state, the hook top plate and the upper edge of bottom box fit, when the second locking state, the hook top plate and the upper edge of box body flush.

[0020] As the preferred of the utility model, the special-shaped limit slot is special-shaped fold line slot, including the first inclined limit slot, the second inclined limit slot and the third inclined limit slot that are connected in proper order, the bottom end of first inclined limit slot is first position, the junction of first inclined limit slot and second inclined limit slot is second position, the junction of second inclined limit slot and third inclined limit slot is third position, the top of third inclined limit slot is fourth position, when the convex moves to second position, the hook top plate and the bottom box of box body fit, when the convex moves to fourth position, the hook top plate and the top edge of box body flush.

[0021] As the preferred of the utility model, the first position and the third vertical height are identical, the vertical height of fourth position, second position, first position gradually reduces, and the projection of first position, second position, third position and fourth position on the same horizontal plane does not overlap and sequentially arranges from small to big or from big to small according to position number.

[0022] As the preferred of the utility model, the pressure applying mechanism includes unequal arm lever, pressure frame and pressure transmission piston, the unequal arm lever passes through the support boss and is pivoted on the support boss through pivot shaft, the short arm end of unequal arm lever is configured balance weight, the long arm end of unequal arm lever is hung weight disc through hanger, the weight disc places weight; the pressure frame is inverted U type, the both ends of pressure frame are connected pivot shaft; the pressure transmission piston is slidably arranged at the top of pressure frame, the top end of pressure transmission piston is in contact with the measuring end of displacement detection mechanism, the bottom end of pressure transmission piston is in rolling fit with the steel ball of the top of forming die.

[0023] The displacement detection mechanism comprises a micrometer stand arranged on the pressurizing frame and a micrometer arranged on the micrometer stand.

[0024] The micrometer is a displacement sensor with a range of 10 mm and a minimum scale of 0.001 mm.

[0025] The micrometer stand comprises a vertical rod, a horizontal rod and a joint knob, the vertical rod is arranged on the pressurizing frame, and the vertical rod is connected with the horizontal rod through the joint knob.

[0026] The measuring device has a range of 200 g and a sensitivity of not greater than 0.01 g.

[0027] The working process of the utility model is as follows:

[0028] When lofting, the draw hook top plate is pressed, the buckle drives the draw bar to move downwards, the limiting protrusion is clamped into the vertical limiting groove, the buckle can be prevented from always keeping the vertical state and moving downwards, the protrusion of the draw bar is moved from the second position to the third position along the second inclined limiting groove due to the limiting of the special-shaped limiting groove, the pressure is released, at this time, the buckle drives the draw bar to move upwards and reset under the action of the spring, the protrusion of the draw bar is moved from the third position to the fourth position along the third inclined limiting groove, and the movement of the protrusion is limited and stopped by the special-shaped limiting groove, at this time, the draw hook top plate is flush with the upper edge of the box body, and the operator can conveniently take and place the sample, after the operation is completed, the draw hook top plate is pressed again, the downward pressure is applied to the draw hook top plate, the buckle drives the draw bar to move downwards, at this time, the protrusion of the draw bar is moved from the fourth position to the second position and then to the first position along the third inclined limiting groove, the pressing is stopped, the buckle drives the draw bar to move upwards and reset under the action of the spring, and the protrusion of the draw bar is moved from the first position to the second position along the first inclined limiting groove, and the conversion from the second locking state to the first locking state is completed.

[0029] When pressing, different loading modes can be carried out according to the plasticity index (classification) of the sample, the long arm end of the unequal arm lever is connected with the weight disc through a hanger, the balance of the unequal arm lever is ensured by adding weights, the short arm end of the unequal arm lever is connected with a balance weight, the distance of the balance weight in the length direction of the unequal arm lever is adjusted by rotating the balance weight, so that the unequal arm lever is kept horizontal, when the force is adjusted, the pressurizing frame can rotate synchronously with the pivot shaft, so that the pressurizing frame swings around the pivot shaft, the transmission pressure piston is pulled to move, the sample in the forming mold is pressed, and the displacement deformation amount is measured by the micrometer.

[0030] The application also provides a non-active micro powder saturated surface dry test method, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step 1, the sample to be tested is sieved, soaked to the water saturated state, and a wet powder is obtained;

[0032] Step 2, the wet powder is filled into a forming mold to form a powder body;

[0033] Step 3, pressure is applied to the surface of the powder body in the thickness direction of the forming mold in stages and maintained for a certain period of time, and when the displacement deformation δ of the powder body in the thickness direction is not more than 0.001 mm within 30 min, the pressure is stopped, and a sample reaching the saturated surface dry state is obtained;

[0034] Step 4, the sample reaching the saturated surface dry state is taken out, and the sample is placed in a weighing box, and the weights of the sample before drying and the weighing box and the sample after drying and the weighing box are weighed respectively m and m s , the saturated surface dry water absorption rate of the sample is calculated according to formula (a):

[0035]

[0036] Wherein, δ is the displacement deformation of the powder body in the thickness direction, mm; m is the weight of the weighing box and the sample before drying, g; m s is the weight of the weighing box and the sample after drying, g; w is the saturated surface dry moisture content of the sample, %.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the standard sieve in step 1 has a sieve aperture of 0.075 mm.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, considering the plastic limit of fine powder, different loading methods are used according to the plasticity index (classification), for silt samples with IP < 7, the initial load in step 3 is 50 kPa, and the load is directly increased to 600 kPa; for clay samples with IP≥7, the initial load in step 3 is 50 kPa, and the load is gradually increased from 200 kPa, 400 kPa to 600 kPa.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the drying temperature in step 4 is 105℃-110℃. An electric oven or other energy oven that can maintain a temperature of 105℃-110℃ can be used.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, before filling the sample to be tested in the forming mold in step 2, a layer of silicone grease or polytetrafluoroethylene is coated on the surface of the forming mold that contacts the sample to be tested.

[0041] In step 3, when the pressure is applied in stages, the loading area is 30cm 2 , and the loading height is 20mm.

[0042] The test environment temperature and the test water temperature in step 1 are consistent, and are preferably 20±5 DEG C.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages that:

[0044] 1. A new test method is proposed, which can directly perform the saturated surface dry test method on the powder with a particle size of not more than 0.075 mm, and makes up for the lack that the existing device and method cannot directly test the powder.

[0045] 2. The non-active micro-powder saturated surface dry sample forming and testing integrated machine can realize the fusion of four steps of sample forming, drying process, saturated surface dry state judgment and saturated surface dry water absorption rate calculation. In the sample forming process, whether the sand sample reaches the saturated surface dry state can be judged in real time by measuring the displacement deformation amount of the sample, the cyclic performance and repeated operation of the drying and saturated surface dry state judgment steps are avoided, the problem that the saturated surface dry state judgment depends on the operation experience of the experimenters is solved, and the measurement accuracy and convenience are significantly improved.

[0046] 3. The non-active micro-powder saturated surface dry test method proposed by the utility model can convert the detection work of the micro-powder (<0.075 mm) saturated surface dry water absorption rate into the stable value of the sample displacement deformation amount under the continuous pressure load, and then accurately calculates the micro-powder saturated surface dry water absorption rate through relevant tests and calculations. Not only the influence of human factors on the test results is effectively avoided, but also the method is convenient, easy to operate and high in result reliability.

[0047] 4. The utility model adds the pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism, the draw hook top plate can be flush with the water storage box after pressing, and the ring cutter, the sample and the water-permeable stone and other instruments can be directly placed, the water storage box is avoided to be too deep, the sample cannot be placed horizontally and centrally in the center, and the initial state can be restored by pressing again, two different stroke controls are realized, the operation is simple, and the overall effect is simple and elegant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the non-active micro-powder saturated surface dry sample forming and testing integrated machine.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the forming mold.

[0050] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the forming mold.

[0051] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional view of the pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism.

[0052] Figure 5Is the structure diagram of the pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism (the buckle and the pull hook top plate are separated, and the arrow represents the component movement direction);

[0053] Figure 6 Is the structure diagram of the pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism (the buckle and the pull hook top plate are buckled);

[0054] Figure 7 Is the cooperation schematic view of the special-shaped limiting groove and the pull rod of the pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism.

[0055] Figure 8 Is the structure diagram of the pull rod of the pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism.

[0056] Figure 9 Is Figure 7 The local enlarged view.

[0057] Figure 10 Is the structure schematic view of the buckle of the pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism.

[0058] Figure 11 Is the structure schematic view of the buckle of the pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism.

[0059] In the description of the drawings:

[0060] 1-base; 11-base; 12-supporting boss;

[0061] 2-sample forming mechanism; 21-water storage box; 211-box body; 212-pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism; 2121-pull hook top plate; 2122-buckle; 2123-pull rod; 2124-spring; 2125-bottom box; 2126-special-shaped limiting groove; 2127-protrusion; 2128-first inclined limiting groove; 2129-second inclined limiting groove; 2120-third inclined limiting groove; 2131-limiting protrusion; 2132-limiting column; 2133-connecting shaft; 2134-pivot through hole; 2135-adjusting hole;

[0062] 22-forming die; 221-lower guard ring; 222-ring cutter; 223-upper guard ring; 224-upper water permeable stone; 225-pressing cover; 226-lower water permeable stone; 227-pressure transmission column; 228-steel ball;

[0063] 3-pressing mechanism; 31-unequal arm lever; 32-pressing frame; 33-pressure transmission piston; 34-weight; 35-pivot shaft; 36-hanger rod; 37-weight disc; 38-balancing hammer;

[0064] 4-displacement detection mechanism; 41-micrometer stand; 42-micrometer; 411-stand; 412-cross bar; 413-joint knob;

[0065] 5 - Test sample. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] Those skilled in the art will readily understand other advantages and benefits of the application upon the disclosure of the application. The application can be put into practice in various ways and embodiments, and in many different embodiments, and specific structural or relative dimensions can be modified or changed without departing from the spirit of the application.

[0067] It should be noted that the process equipment or devices not specifically mentioned in the following examples are all conventional equipment or devices in the art.

[0068] It should be understood that the one or more method steps mentioned in the present application do not exclude that other method steps can be present before and after the mentioned combination step or that other method steps can be inserted between the explicitly mentioned steps, unless otherwise stated. It should also be understood that the combination connection relationship between the one or more devices mentioned in the present application does not exclude that other devices can be present before and after the mentioned combination devices or that other devices can be inserted between the explicitly mentioned two devices, unless otherwise stated. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the numbering of the method steps is only a convenient tool for identifying the method steps and is not intended to limit the arrangement order of the method steps or to limit the scope of the application that can be implemented, and the change or adjustment of the relative relationship, without substantial change of the technical content, is also regarded as the scope of the application that can be implemented.

[0069] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0070] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "axial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0071] In the description of the application, it is necessary to explain that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected, it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected, it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0072] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0073] The application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto.

[0074] Embodiment 1

[0075] The application provides a non-active fine powder saturated surface dry sample forming test all-in-one machine, comprising:

[0076] The base 1 comprises a base 11 and a hollow support boss 12 arranged at one end of the base 11, and each side surface of the support boss 12 is provided with a hollow structure and / or a limiting groove communicating with the inner cavity;

[0077] The sample forming mechanism 2 is arranged on the base 1 and comprises a water storage box 21 for collecting water squeezed out during pressing of the test sample and a forming mold 22 arranged in the water storage box 21 in a detachable manner for filling the test sample;

[0078] The pressing mechanism 3 is arranged on the base 1 and is used for pressing the forming mold 22 to press and form the test sample in the forming mold 22; and

[0079] The displacement detection mechanism 4 is arranged on the pressing mechanism 3 and is used for detecting the displacement deformation amount of the test sample pressed and formed in the forming mold 22.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, the base 1 comprises a base 11 and a hollow support boss 12 arranged at one end of the base 11, and each side surface of the support boss 12 is provided with a hollow structure and / or a limiting groove communicating with the inner cavity.

[0081] In some embodiments of the utility model, the forming die 22 includes lower guard ring 221, ring cutter 222, upper guard ring 223, upper water permeable stone 224, pressure cover 225 from bottom to top in turn, lower guard ring 221, ring cutter 222, upper guard ring 223 part is overlapped and is coincident and forms a upper and lower through for accommodating the sample to be tested forming cavity, the inner bottom of lower guard ring 221 is provided with lower water permeable stone 226, the center of pressure cover 225 is provided with a transmission pressure column 227 along the central axis direction of pressure cover 225, the top of transmission pressure column 227 is movably embedded with steel ball 228.

[0082] In some embodiments of the utility model, the water storage box 21 includes the box body 211 that is set up on the support boss 12 and the top opening and the press type elastic self-locking mechanism 212 for adjusting the vertical height of forming die 22 set up in box body 211, the press type elastic self-locking mechanism 212 includes pull hook top plate 2121, buckle 2122 set up in the bottom of pull hook top plate 2121, pull rod 2123 set up in the lower part of buckle 2122, spring 2124 set up in the bottom of buckle 2122 and bottom box 2125 set up in the bottom of box body 211, the side of bottom box 2125 is equipped with profiled limiting slot 2126, the pull rod 2123 is equipped with protrusion 2127, protrusion 2127 is inserted in profiled limiting slot 2126 and is reliably limited by profiled limiting slot 2126, realize the adjustment of the position of pull hook top plate 2121 in vertical direction.

[0083] In some embodiments of the utility model, the profiled limiting slot 2126 is profiled fold line slot, including first inclined limiting slot 2128, second inclined limiting slot 2129 and third inclined limiting slot 2120 connected in turn, the bottom end of first inclined limiting slot 2128 is first position A, the junction of first inclined limiting slot 2128 and second inclined limiting slot 2129 is second position B, the junction of second inclined limiting slot 2129 and third inclined limiting slot 2120 is third position C, the top of third inclined limiting slot 2120 is fourth position D, when protrusion 2127 moves to second position, pull hook top plate 2121 is attached with the bottom box 2125 of box body 211, when protrusion 2127 moves to fourth position, pull hook top plate 2121 is flush with the top edge of box body 211.

[0084] In some embodiments of the utility model, the first position A and the third position C are consistent in vertical height, the vertical height of fourth position D, second position B, first position A gradually decreases, and the projections of first position A, second position B, third position C and fourth position D on the same horizontal plane do not overlap and are sequentially arranged from small to large or from large to small according to position number.

[0085] In some embodiments of the utility model, the inner bottom surface of bottom box 2125 is provided with a limiting post 2132 at the center position, and the limiting post 2132 is externally provided with spring 2124.

[0086] In some embodiments of the utility model, the bottom box 2125 is a cuboid box with an open top, one of the side plates of the bottom box 2125 is provided with a special-shaped limiting groove 2126, the inner wall of the side plate opposite to the special-shaped limiting groove 2126 of the bottom box 2125 is provided with a vertical limiting groove, one side of the buckle facing the vertical limiting groove is provided with a limiting protrusion 2131, the limiting protrusion 2131 is clamped into the vertical limiting groove, and the limiting protrusion 2131 is used for limiting the movement track of the buckle in the lifting process and preventing the buckle and the pull rod from shaking in the horizontal direction in the lifting process.

[0087] In some embodiments of the utility model, the upper part of the buckle 2122 is provided with a clamping groove, the buckle 2122 is connected and matched with the pull hook of the pull hook top plate 2121, the middle part of the buckle 2122 is provided with a pivot through hole 2134.

[0088] In some embodiments of the utility model, the lower part of the buckle 2122 is provided with an adjusting hole 2135 for the in-out spring, and the adjusting hole 2135 is communicated with the inner cavity of the buckle 2122.

[0089] In some embodiments of the utility model, the upper end of pull rod 2123 is equipped with connecting shaft 2133 which can be inserted into the pivoting through hole of buckle, and the lower part of pull rod 2123 is equipped with protrusion 2127 which can be inserted into special-shaped limiting slot 2126. Pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism 212 has first locking state and second locking state, when in first locking state, protrusion 2127 is located at second position B, at this time, hook top plate 2121 is attached to the upper edge of the bottom box, when in second locking state, protrusion 2127 is located at fourth locking position, at this time, hook top plate 2121 is flush with the upper edge of the box body. Pressing hook top plate 2121, buckle 2122 drives pull rod 2123 to move downwards, because limiting protrusion 2131 is inserted into the vertical limiting slot, it can prevent buckle 2122 from always keeping vertical state and moving downwards, and because the limiting of special-shaped limiting slot 2126, protrusion 2127 of pull rod 2123 moves from second position B to third position C along second inclined limiting slot 2129, releasing pressure, at this time, buckle drives pull rod to move upwards and reset under the action of spring, protrusion 2127 of pull rod moves from third position C to fourth position D along third inclined limiting slot 2120, until protrusion 2127 is limited and stopped from moving by special-shaped limiting slot 2126, at this time, hook top plate 2121 is flush with the upper edge of the box body, and the operator can conveniently take and place samples, after operation is completed, hook top plate 2121 is pressed again, downward pressure is applied to hook top plate 2121, buckle drives pull rod 2123 to move downwards, at this time, protrusion 2127 of pull rod moves from fourth position D to second position along third inclined limiting slot 2120, until first position, stopping pressing, buckle drives pull rod to move upwards and reset under the action of spring, protrusion 2127 of pull rod moves from first position A to second position B along first inclined limiting slot, completing the conversion from second locking state to first locking state.

[0090] In some embodiments of the utility model, the inner diameter of the ring cutter is 61.8 mm, and the height is 20 mm.

[0091] In some embodiments of the utility model, the pressing mechanism 3 comprises unequal arm lever 31, pressing frame 32 and pressure transmission piston 33, the unequal arm lever 31 penetrates the support boss 12 and is pivoted to the support boss 12 through pivot shaft 35, the short arm end of the unequal arm lever 31 is provided with balance weight 38, the long arm end of the unequal arm lever 31 is hung with weight disc 37 through hanger 36, and the weight disc 37 is placed with weight 34; the pressing frame 32 is inverted U-shaped, both ends of the pressing frame 32 are connected with the pivot shaft; the pressure transmission piston 33 is slidably arranged at the top of the pressing frame 32, the top end of the pressure transmission piston 33 is in contact connection with the measuring end of the displacement detection mechanism 4, and the bottom end of the pressure transmission piston 33 is in rolling connection with steel ball 228 at the top of the forming die 22.

[0092] In some embodiments of the utility model, the displacement detection mechanism 4 includes a micrometer stand 41 arranged on the pressurizing frame 32 and a micrometer 42 arranged on the micrometer stand 41, the measuring end of the micrometer 42 is connected with the top end of the pressure transmission piston 33 through a chuck, and is used for detecting the displacement deformation of the sample pressed and formed in the forming mold 22.

[0093] In some embodiments of the utility model, the micrometer stand 41 includes a vertical rod 411, a horizontal rod 412 and a joint knob 413, the vertical rod 411 is installed on the pressurizing frame 32, and the vertical rod 411 is connected with the horizontal rod 412 through the joint knob 413.

[0094] Embodiment 2

[0095] The utility model discloses a kind of non-active micro powder saturated surface dry test method, comprising the following steps:

[0096] Step 1, the sample to be tested is sieved, soaked to water absorption saturated state, to obtain wet powder;

[0097] Specifically, the following method is used:

[0098] The sample to be tested (i.e. micro powder) is sieved with a 0.075 mm standard sieve, and the portion larger than 0.075 mm is removed. About 500g of each sample is weighed and placed in a shallow dish or other suitable container.

[0099] Take the sample to be tested and place it in a clean container. Add enough clean water to completely submerge the micro powder, but do not use any detergents, dispersants, or surfactants.

[0100] Use a stirrer to thoroughly stir the micro powder to clean the surface, but do not break the micro powder or cause it to splash out of the water.

[0101] Let it stand for 24 hours. Under the premise of ensuring that the micro powder does not lose, use a rubber bulb dropper to carefully absorb the accumulated water in the clean container, and obtain wet powder for use.

[0102] Step 2, fill the wet powder into the forming mold to make a powder body;

[0103] Specifically, the following method is used:

[0104] Press the hook top plate. In the initial state, the hook top plate is attached to the bottom box. Under the action of pressing, the buckle moves downward along the vertical direction, and at the same time, the pull rod moves along the second inclined limiting groove of the special-shaped limiting groove on the side surface of the bottom box to the third position C. After releasing the hand, the protrusion moves upward along the third inclined limiting groove of the special-shaped limiting groove under the action of the spring, and finally moves to the fourth position. At this time, the hook top plate rises to the level of the water storage box.

[0105] Take out the ring knife, wipe it with soft cloth, keep the inner wall clean and smooth, and apply a layer of silicon grease or polytetrafluoroethylene, and lay a layer of filter paper at the bottom.

[0106] Use a spoon to load the fully soaked micro powder into the ring knife in two layers, the first layer is loaded to about two-thirds of the height of the ring knife, and a small knife is used to cut in two perpendicular directions for 5 times each; then load the second layer of micro powder, which is loaded to about 20mm above the ring knife, and a small knife is used to cut in two perpendicular directions for 5 times each.

[0107] Use a straightedge at an angle of about 90° (but slightly inclined to the straightening direction) on one end of the ring knife, then slowly move along the diameter direction of the ring knife with a transverse sawing action to the other end, and scrape off the excess micro powder, and cover the surface with a layer of filter paper.

[0108] Wipe the outer wall of the ring knife, and put the knife edge down into the lower guard ring.

[0109] Put the lower water permeable stone and multiple layers of filter paper on the top plate of the draw hook, and put the lower guard ring and the sample into the water storage box, and continue to cover the sample with filter paper and the upper water permeable stone.

[0110] Press the draw hook top plate to indirectly force the buckle, which moves downward along the vertical direction, and at the same time drives the draw bar to move along the protrusion on the side of the bottom box from the fourth position to the upper edge of the special-shaped limiting groove, through the second position and then to the first position, and after releasing the hand, the draw bar moves up along the special-shaped limiting groove to the second position, and the buckle and the draw hook top plate move up synchronously, so that the protrusion is caught in the special-shaped limiting groove to achieve positioning and locking.

[0111] Place the upper guard ring, the upper water permeable stone and the pressure cover in turn, so that they are in close contact and remain stable, and the wet powder is filled.

[0112] Step 3, gradually apply pressure to the surface of the powder in the thickness direction of the mold and maintain for a certain period of time, and when the displacement deformation δ of the powder in the thickness direction is not more than 0.001mm within 30min, stop pressing, and obtain a sample reaching the saturated surface dry state;

[0113] The specific operation is as follows:

[0114] Place the molding mold in the center of the pressure frame, tightly connect the pressure transmission piston and the cross beam, and make the bottom end of the pressure transmission piston roll with the steel ball at the top end of the pressure cover.

[0115] Pre-apply 1.0kPa pressure to the molding mold to make the parts of the test instrument tightly contact, adjust the position of the micrometer, and adjust the reading of the micrometer to zero.

[0116] Remove the pre-load, immediately load the first level load, avoid impact and shaking when adding the weight, record the time while adding the weight. The load level is generally 50 kPa, 200 kPa, 400 kPa and 600 kPa. Considering the softness and hardness of the fine powder, different loading methods are used according to the plasticity index (classification).

[0117] For silt with IP < 7, the initial load is 50 kPa, directly increased to 600 kPa.

[0118] For clay with IP ≥ 7, the initial load is 50 kPa, gradually increased from 200 kPa, 400 kPa to 600 kPa.

[0119] The compression time under each level of load is 60 min, and the change in sample height is measured as a stability standard. When the observation of the thousandth indicates that the deformation amount does not exceed 0.001 mm in the last 30 min, it is allowed to reach the saturated surface dry state as the relative stability standard. If the deformation amount exceeds 30 min without meeting the standard, use 600 kPa load to continue to press until the deformation amount is stable and the test is completed.

[0120] Step 4, take out the sample that reaches the saturated surface dry state, put the sample into the weighing box, and weigh the weight of the sample before drying and the weighing box m and the weight of the sample after drying and the weighing box m s , calculate the saturated surface dry water absorption of the sample according to formula (a):

[0121]

[0122] Where δ is the displacement deformation of the powder tire in the thickness direction, mm; m is the weight of the weighing box and the sample before drying, g; m s is the weight of the weighing box and the sample after drying, g; w is the saturated surface dry moisture content of the sample, %.

[0123] The specific operation is as follows:

[0124] After the test is completed, remove the instrument and carefully take out the complete sample.

[0125] Put a representative sample (15g-30g) into a weighing box with a cover, immediately cover the cover, weigh the mass m, accurate to 0.01g.

[0126] Remove the cover, put the sample together with the weighing box into the oven, dry at a constant temperature of 105-110℃, and the drying time should not be less than 8h.

[0127] Take out the dried sample and the weighing box, put them into the dryer and cool (usually 0.5-1h). After cooling, cover the cover and weigh the mass m s , accurate to 0.01g.

[0128] The saturated surface dry water absorption rate of the sample is calculated according to formula (a), and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0129] The specific implementation steps of Example 1 are used, and the three sand samples to be tested are placed in a working environment with a temperature of (20±5)℃ for 1d. When the temperature is consistent with the room temperature, 500g of the sample to be tested is taken and stirred uniformly. After soaking for 24 hours, the accumulated water is carefully absorbed with a rubber bulb dropper and reserved. The inner wall of the ring knife is smeared with silicone, filter paper is laid at the bottom, and the fine powder is loaded into the ring knife in two layers, and the surface is scraped flat. The ring knife is loaded into the protective ring, covered with filter paper and water-permeable stone, and the pressurizing device is installed. A pressure of 1.0kPa is pre-applied to ensure airtightness, a micrometer is installed and adjusted to zero. According to the plasticity index, the appropriate loading mode is selected, wherein the diabase fine powder Ip=3.1 and the tuff fine powder Ip=6.5 are both <7, belonging to silt, and the initial load is selected as 50kPa, and the load is directly increased to 600kPa; the basalt fine powder Ip=8.7>7 belongs to clay, and the initial load is selected as 50kPa, and the load is gradually increased from 200kPa, 400kPa to 600kPa, each level is applied for 1h, and the deformation amount is recorded. After the reading is stable, the instrument is removed, and the representative sample is taken out, and the weight of the weighing box and the sample before drying (referred to as wet weight) m, the weight of the weighing box and the sample after drying and cooling (referred to as dry weight) m s Then, the saturated surface dry water absorption rate (%) of the sample is calculated according to formula (a).

[0130] Table 1 The saturated surface dry water absorption rate of the sample tested by the test method of the present application

[0131]

[0132]

[0133] As can be seen from the calculation results in Table 1, the method of the present application can be used for non-active fine powder saturated surface dry testing, and the test results of the present application are similar, which shows that the non-active fine powder saturated surface dry testing method proposed by the present application can convert the detection work of the fine powder (<0.075mm) saturated surface dry water absorption rate into the stability of the sample displacement deformation under the continuous pressure load, and the test results are accurate. Not only can the influence of human factors on the test results be effectively avoided, but also the method is convenient and fast, has strong operability, and has high result reliability.

[0134] The above examples are intended to be illustrative and not exclusive. Various modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings without departing from the scope and spirit of the application. While the application has been described in connection with specific preferred embodiments, it should be understood that it can be carried out by alternative methods within the scope of the application. Accordingly, various modifications and changes can be made to the application without departing from the scope and spirit of the application.

Claims

1. A non-active powder saturation surface dry sample forming test all-in-one machine, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a sample compression molding device, which comprises: a base (1); a sample forming mechanism (2) arranged on the base (1) and comprising a water storage box (21) for collecting water squeezed out during compression of a sample to be tested and a forming mold (22) detachably arranged in the water storage box (21) for filling the sample to be tested; a pressing mechanism (3) arranged on the base (1) and used for pressing the forming mold (22) to compress and form the sample to be tested in the forming mold (22); and a displacement detection mechanism (4) arranged on the pressing mechanism (3) and used for detecting the displacement deformation of the sample compressed and formed in the forming mold (22). The base (1) comprises a base (11) and a hollow support boss (12) arranged at one end of the base (11), and each side surface of the support boss (12) is provided with a hollow structure and / or a limiting groove communicating with the inner cavity.

2. The non-active fine powder saturated surface dry test sample forming test all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forming mold (22) comprises, from bottom to top, a lower guard ring (221), a ring cutter (222), an upper guard ring (223), an upper water permeable stone (224), and a pressing cover (225), the lower guard ring (221), the ring cutter (222), and the upper guard ring (223) are partially overlapped to form a forming cavity for accommodating the sample to be tested, the inner bottom of the lower guard ring (221) is provided with a lower water permeable stone (226), the center of the pressing cover (225) is provided with a pressure transmission column (227) arranged along the central axis of the pressing cover (225), and the top of the pressure transmission column (227) movably embeds a steel ball (228).

3. The non-active powder saturation face-dry specimen forming test all-in-one machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage box (21) comprises a box body (211) arranged on the support boss (12) and having an open top and a pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism (212) arranged in the box body (211) and used for adjusting the vertical height of the forming mold (22), the pressing type elastic self-locking mechanism (212) comprises a hook top plate (2121), a buckle (2122) arranged at the bottom of the hook top plate (2121), a pull rod (2123) arranged at the lower part of the buckle (2122), a spring (2124) arranged at the bottom of the buckle (2122), and a bottom box (2125) arranged at the inner bottom of the box body (211), the side surface of the bottom box (2125) is provided with a special-shaped limiting groove (2126), the pull rod (2123) is provided with a protrusion (2127), the protrusion (2127) is inserted into the special-shaped limiting groove (2126) and is reliably limited by the special-shaped limiting groove (2126), and the position of the hook top plate (2121) in the vertical direction is adjusted.

4. The non-active powder saturation face-dry test specimen forming test all-in-one machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom box (2125) is a cuboid box with an open top, one side plate of the bottom box (2125) is provided with a special-shaped limiting groove (2126), the inner wall of the side plate opposite to the special-shaped limiting groove (2126) is provided with a vertical limiting groove, one side of the buckle facing the vertical limiting groove is provided with a limiting protrusion (2131), the limiting protrusion (2131) is clamped into the vertical limiting groove, and the movement track of the buckle during lifting is limited.

5. The non-active powder saturation face-dry specimen forming test all-in-one machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: ​ 6. The non-active powder saturation face-dry specimen forming test all-in-one machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The special-shaped limiting groove (2126) is a special-shaped fold line groove, comprising a first inclined limiting groove (2128), a second inclined limiting groove (2129) and a third inclined limiting groove (2120) connected in sequence, the bottom end of the first inclined limiting groove (2128) is a first position, the connection between the first inclined limiting groove (2128) and the second inclined limiting groove (2129) is a second position, the connection between the second inclined limiting groove (2129) and the third inclined limiting groove (2120) is a third position, and the top of the third inclined limiting groove (2120) is a fourth position; when the protrusion (2127) moves to the second position, the hook top plate (2121) is attached to the bottom box (2125) of the box body (211), and when the protrusion (2127) moves to the fourth position, the hook top plate (2121) is flush with the top edge of the box body (211).

7. The non-active powder saturation face-dry specimen forming test all-in-one machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first position and the third vertical height are consistent, the vertical heights of the fourth position, the second position, and the first position decrease gradually, and the projections of the first position, the second position, the third position, and the fourth position on the same horizontal plane do not overlap and are sequentially arranged from small to large or from large to small according to the position number.

8. The non-active powder saturation face-dry specimen forming test all-in-one machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure applying mechanism (3) comprises an unequal arm lever (31), a pressure applying frame (32) and a pressure transmitting piston (33), the unequal arm lever (31) penetrates through the support boss (12) and is pivoted to the support boss (12) through a pivot shaft, the short arm end of the unequal arm lever (31) is configured with a counterweight (38), the long arm end of the unequal arm lever (31) is hung with a weight disc (37) through a hanger (36), and the weight disc is placed with a weight (34); the pressure applying frame (32) is in an inverted U shape, the two ends of the pressure applying frame (32) are connected with the pivot shaft; the pressure transmitting piston (33) is slidingly arranged at the top of the pressure applying frame (32), the top end of the pressure transmitting piston (33) is in contact with the measuring end of the displacement detection mechanism (4), and the bottom end of the pressure transmitting piston (33) is in rolling fit with a steel ball (228) at the top of the forming die (22).

9. The non-active powder saturation face-dry specimen forming test all-in-one machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The displacement detection mechanism (4) comprises a micrometer stand (41) arranged on the pressure applying frame (32) and a micrometer (42) arranged on the micrometer stand (41), the measuring end of the micrometer (42) is connected with the top end of the pressure transmitting piston (33) through a chuck, and is used for detecting the displacement deformation of the sample pressed and formed in the forming die (22).

10. The non-active powder saturation face-dry specimen forming test all-in-one machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The micrometer stand (41) comprises a vertical rod (411), a horizontal rod (412) and a joint knob (413), the vertical rod (411) is mounted on the pressure applying frame (32), and the vertical rod (411) is connected with the horizontal rod (412) through the joint knob (413).

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