Solar cell and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and especially relates to a solar cell and a photovoltaic assembly. The solar cell comprises a solar cell, a first fine grid line and a second fine grid line. The first thin grid lines are arranged on the front face of the solar cell, the number of the first thin grid lines is multiple, and the multiple first thin grid lines are parallel to one another and extend in the first direction. The second thin grid lines are arranged on the back face of the solar cell, the number of the second thin grid lines is multiple, and the multiple second thin grid lines are parallel to one another and extend in the first direction. The first fine grid lines and the second fine grid lines are arranged in a staggered mode in the second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. And the first fine grid lines and the second fine grid lines are mutually staggered along the second direction, namely the first fine grid lines and the second fine grid lines do not coincide, so that the resistance on the surface of the solar cell can be reduced, the loss in the current transmission process is reduced, the current collection capability of the first fine grid lines and the second fine grid lines is improved, and the power of the photovoltaic module is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to photovoltaic technology field especially relates to a solar cell and photovoltaic module. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of photovoltaic technology, people's demand for high power of photovoltaic module is higher and higher. Usually, the front and back of solar cell are provided with fine grid lines, and the plurality of fine grid lines on the front of solar cell are arranged at equal intervals according to a certain spacing, and the plurality of fine grid lines on the back are arranged at equal intervals according to another spacing, so that the fine grid lines on the front and the fine grid lines on the back will overlap each other at a certain position of the solar cell, which will increase the resistance of the surface of the cell sheet, increase the loss of current in the transmission process, reduce the ability of fine grid lines to collect current, and reduce the power generation efficiency of solar cell, thereby affecting the power of photovoltaic module.

[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to design a solar cell and photovoltaic module to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The first purpose of the utility model is to provide a solar cell, which reduces the surface resistance of the solar cell, improves the ability to collect current, and improves the power generation power of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The utility model provides a solar cell, which comprises:

[0007] Solar cell;

[0008] First fine grid line, the first fine grid line is arranged on the front of the solar cell, the first fine grid line is arranged as a plurality of, and the plurality of first fine grid lines are parallel to each other and extend along the first direction;

[0009] Second fine grid line, the second fine grid line is arranged on the back of the solar cell, the second fine grid line is arranged as a plurality of, and the plurality of second fine grid lines are parallel to each other and extend along the first direction; along the second direction, the first fine grid line and the second fine grid line are staggered, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0010] As an optional technical scheme of a solar cell, the front of the solar cell is also provided with a first main grid line, the back of the solar cell is also provided with a second main grid line, the first main grid line is perpendicular to the first fine grid line, the second main grid line is perpendicular to the second fine grid line, and the first main grid line and the second main grid line extend along the second direction;

[0011] The first main grid line is provided with a first soldering point, and the second main grid line is provided with a second soldering point.

[0012] As an optional technical solution of the solar cell, the first fine grid line is provided with a first widened part, the second fine grid line is provided with a second widened part, the first main grid line is connected with the first fine grid line through the first widened part, and the second main grid line is connected with the second fine grid line through the second widened part.

[0013] As an optional technical solution of the solar cell, the solar cell has a cutting region and a chamfer region, and the cutting region and the chamfer region have an intermediate region therebetween.

[0014] The interval between the two adjacent first fine grid lines in the cutting region is smaller than the interval between the two adjacent first fine grid lines in the intermediate region.

[0015] The interval between the two adjacent first fine grid lines in the chamfer region is smaller than the interval between the two adjacent first fine grid lines in the intermediate region.

[0016] As an optional technical solution of the solar cell, the interval between the two adjacent first fine grid lines in the cutting region is set to 0.8-1.0 microns, the interval between the two adjacent first fine grid lines in the intermediate region is set to 0.92-1.12 microns, and the interval between the two adjacent first fine grid lines in the chamfer region is set to 0.84-1.04 microns.

[0017] As an optional technical solution of the solar cell, the solar cell has a cutting region and a chamfer region, and the cutting region and the chamfer region have an intermediate region therebetween.

[0018] The interval between the two adjacent second fine grid lines in the cutting region is smaller than the interval between the two adjacent second fine grid lines in the intermediate region.

[0019] The interval between the two adjacent second fine grid lines in the chamfer region is smaller than the interval between the two adjacent second fine grid lines in the intermediate region.

[0020] As an optional technical solution of the solar cell, the interval between the two adjacent second fine grid lines in the cutting region is set to 0.86-1.06 microns, the interval between the two adjacent second fine grid lines in the intermediate region is set to 0.98-1.18 microns, and the interval between the two adjacent second fine grid lines in the chamfer region is set to 0.9-1.1 microns.

[0021] As an optional technical solution of the solar cell, the solar cell is a half cell.

[0022] As an optional technical solution of the solar cell, the solar cell is a TOPCon cell.

[0023] The second purpose of the utility model provides a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaval module has higher power generation power, can reduce the power loss of photovoltaic module, saves the cost.

[0024] In order to achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0025] The utility model provides a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module includes front glass, front adhesive film, solar cell, back adhesive film and back glass which are sequentially laminated, and the solar cell is the solar cell in any optional technical solution.

[0026] The utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The utility model provides a solar cell, and the solar cell includes a solar cell, a first fine grid line and a second fine grid line.

[0028] The above, the front and back of the solar cell are respectively provided with the first fine grid line and the second fine grid line, and the first fine grid line and the second fine grid line extend along the first direction, and the first fine grid line and the second fine grid line are staggered along the second direction, in other words, the first fine grid line and the second fine grid line are not overlapped and added, so that the resistance of the surface of the solar cell can be reduced, the loss in the current transmission process is reduced, the collection capacity of the first fine grid line and the second fine grid line to current is improved, and then the power generation efficiency of the solar cell is improved, and the power of the photovoltaic module is improved.

[0029] The utility model further provides a photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module has higher power generation power, can reduce the power loss of photovoltaic module, saves the cost. ACCURACY OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present application and the drawings without creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a solar cell (perspective view) provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a local enlarged view of A in the

[0033] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is a local enlarged view of B in the

[0034] Figure 4 is a local enlarged view of C in the Figure 1

[0035] Reference signs

[0036] 100, solar cell;

[0037] 200, first fine grid line; 210, first widened part; 300, first main grid line; 310, first soldering point;

[0038] 400, second fine grid line; 410, second widened part; 500, second main grid line; 510, second soldering point; 600, cutting area; 700, chamfered area; 800, intermediate area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] ​It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items throughout the several views, and each of the several views illustrates a particular aspect of the present application, so that the several views together provide a description of the present application and do not require further definition and explanation of the items once they have been defined in one of the several views.

[0042] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly placed when the product of the present application is used, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for differentiation and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "provided", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the "upper" or "lower" of the first feature to the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the "above", "upper" and "upper surface" of the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The "below", "below" and "below" of the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0045] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0046] The present embodiment provides a solar cell, which can reduce the surface resistance of the solar cell, improve the current collecting ability, and increase the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0047] As shown in Figures 1-4 The solar cell mainly comprises a solar cell 100, a first fine grid line 200 and a second fine grid line 400. The first fine grid line 200 is arranged on the front surface of the solar cell 100, the first fine grid line 200 is arranged in multiple, and the multiple first fine grid lines 200 are parallel to each other and extend along a first direction. The second fine grid line 400 is arranged on the back surface of the solar cell 100, the second fine grid line 400 is arranged in multiple, and the multiple second fine grid lines 400 are parallel to each other and extend along the first direction. Along a second direction, the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400 are arranged staggered, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. The first direction is the X-axis direction in Figure 1 , and the second direction is the Y-axis direction in Figure 1 .

[0048] It should be noted that the first fine grid line 200 in the embodiment is represented in the form of a dotted line, the second fine grid line 400 is represented in the form of a thin solid line, and the frame contour of the solar cell 100 is represented in the form of a thick solid line. In order to clearly show the positional relationship of the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400, Figures 1-4 are all perspective views of the solar cell.

[0049] Based on the above design, the front surface and the back surface of the solar cell 100 are respectively provided with the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400, and the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400 both extend along the first direction. The first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400 are staggered along the second direction, in other words, the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400 do not overlap and are superimposed. This can reduce the resistance of the surface of the solar cell 100, thereby reducing the loss in the current transmission process, improving the current collection capability of the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400, and further improving the power generation efficiency of the solar cell and the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0050] In addition, the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400 in the prior art are partially overlapped, thereby causing the thickness of the region to be relatively thin, becoming a weak force point on the solar cell. When the region is subjected to an external force, it is easy to cause hidden cracks or even the risk of fragmentation. The first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400 in the embodiment are arranged staggered along the second direction, which can reduce the number of weak force points on the solar cell, improve the reliability and mechanical strength of the solar cell, reduce the risk of hidden cracks or even fragmentation, and prolong the service life.

[0051] Optionally, as shown in Figure 3As shown, in the embodiment, the front surface of the solar cell 100 is further provided with a first main grid line 300, and the back surface of the solar cell 100 is further provided with a second main grid line 500, the first main grid line 300 is perpendicular to the first fine grid line 200, the second main grid line 500 is perpendicular to the second fine grid line 400, and the first main grid line 300 and the second main grid line 500 both extend along the second direction. The first main grid line 300 is provided with a first soldering point 310, and the second main grid line 500 is provided with a second soldering point 510. Along the second direction, the first soldering point 310 and the second soldering point 510 are arranged staggeredly. The embodiment does not limit whether the first main grid line 300 and the second main grid line 500 are arranged staggeredly. For example, Figure 3 As shown, optionally, the first main grid line 300 and the second main grid line 500 in the embodiment are arranged overlappedly.

[0052] Specifically, the first main grid line 300 is welded and connected with the positive electrode solder strip, and the second main grid line 500 is welded and connected with the negative electrode solder strip. Through the arrangement of the first main grid line 300 and the second main grid line 500, the reliability of the connection between the solar cell 100 and the solder strip (the positive electrode solder strip and the negative electrode solder strip) can be improved, the phenomenon of welding defects such as virtual welding and missing welding can be reduced, and the stability of current transmission can be improved.

[0053] The first soldering point 310 and the second soldering point 510 are arranged staggeredly along the second direction. On the one hand, this can avoid internal short circuit of the solar cell 100, improve the safety of the solar cell, and prolong the service life. On the other hand, the current path in the solar cell 100 can be optimized. The current flows into the solar cell 100 from the first soldering point 310 on the front surface of the solar cell 100, then flows to the second soldering point 510 on the back surface through the conductive structure inside the solar cell 100, and is then led out to the external circuit. This design structure can maximize the efficiency of current conduction, reduce the loss of current inside the solar cell 100, and improve the power generation efficiency.

[0054] As shown, Figure 3 In the embodiment, the first fine grid line 200 is provided with a first widened part 210, the second fine grid line 400 is provided with a second widened part 410, the first main grid line 300 is connected with the first fine grid line 200 through the first widened part 210, and the second main grid line 500 is connected with the second fine grid line 400 through the second widened part 410.

[0055] Through the arrangement of the first widened part 210, the contact area of the connection between the first main grid line 300 and the first fine grid line 200 can be improved. Through the arrangement of the second widened part 410, the contact area of the connection between the second main grid line 500 and the second fine grid line 400 can be improved. In this way, the current collection and leading-out efficiency can be improved, the current loss inside the solar cell 100 can be reduced, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

[0056] Optionally, the solar cell 100 in this embodiment can be configured as a whole cell, a half cell, etc., and preferably the solar cell 100 is a half cell.

[0057] like Figures 2-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the solar cell 100 has a cut region 600 and a chamfered region 700, with an intermediate region 800 between the cut region 600 and the chamfered region 700. The spacing between two adjacent first fine grid lines 200 in the cut region 600 is smaller than the spacing between two adjacent first fine grid lines 200 in the intermediate region 800; the spacing between two adjacent first fine grid lines 200 in the chamfered region 700 is smaller than the spacing between two adjacent first fine grid lines 200 in the intermediate region 800. The spacing between two adjacent second fine grid lines 400 in the cut region 600 is smaller than the spacing between two adjacent second fine grid lines 400 in the intermediate region 800; the spacing between two adjacent second fine grid lines 400 in the chamfered region 700 is smaller than the spacing between two adjacent second fine grid lines 400 in the intermediate region 800.

[0058] It is understood that in this embodiment, both the cut region 600 and the chamfered region 700 are described for half of the solar cell, and both are located at the edge of the solar cell 100. By setting the spacing of the first fine grid lines 200 in the cut region 600 and the chamfered region 700 to be smaller than the spacing of the first fine grid lines 200 in the middle region 800, and by setting the spacing of the second fine grid lines 400 in the cut region 600 and the chamfered region 700 to be smaller than the spacing of the second fine grid lines 400 in the middle region 800, the lateral transmission resistance of the solar cell (lateral here refers to the second direction) is reduced, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. Simultaneously, the aforementioned unequal spacing of the first fine grid lines 200 and the second fine grid lines 400 can also improve the edge loss of the photovoltaic module and increase the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0059] Furthermore, the unequal spacing of the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400 can reduce series resistance and increase the fill factor, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. The narrow and dense fine grid lines (i.e., the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400 in the cut region 600 and the chamfered region 700) help reduce series resistance, allowing the generated current to be efficiently transmitted to the busbars.

[0060] Optionally, the first fine grid lines 200 and the second fine grid lines 400 in the cutting area 600 in the embodiment can be provided as multiple, the first fine grid lines 200 and the second fine grid lines 400 in the chamfering area 700 can also be multiple, the first fine grid lines 200 and the second fine grid lines 400 in the middle area 800 are also provided as multiple, and then multiple intervals are formed in the cutting area 600, the chamfering area 700 and the middle area 800.

[0061] Exemplarily, the interval between the first fine grid lines 200 in the cutting area 600 can be set to 0.8-1.0 microns, the interval between the first fine grid lines 200 in the chamfering area 700 can be set to 0.84-1.04 microns, and the interval between the first fine grid lines 200 in the middle area 800 can be set to 0.92-1.12 microns; the interval between the second fine grid lines 400 in the cutting area 600 can be set to 0.86-1.06 microns, the interval between the second fine grid lines 400 in the chamfering area 700 can be set to 0.9-1.1 microns, and the interval between the second fine grid lines 400 in the middle area 800 can be set to 0.98-1.18 microns, and so on.

[0062] Optionally, the solar cell in the embodiment can be set as a TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) cell.

[0063] The embodiment also provides a screen printing plate for preparing the above-mentioned solar cell, the screen printing plate comprises a front screen printing plate and a back screen printing plate, the front screen printing plate is provided with a first line groove, and the back screen printing plate is provided with a second line groove, the first line groove is configured to print paste to the front of the solar cell 100 and form the first fine grid line 200, and the second line groove is configured to print paste to the back of the solar cell 100 and form the second fine grid line 400.

[0064] Further, the screen printing plate is also provided with a third line groove and a fourth line groove, the third line groove is perpendicular to and communicates with the first line groove, and the fourth line groove is perpendicular to and communicates with the second line groove; the third line groove is configured to print paste to the front of the solar cell 100 and form the first main grid line 300, and the fourth line groove is configured to print paste to the back of the solar cell 100 and form the second main grid line 500.

[0065] The front screen printing plate and the back screen printing plate are respectively in two different stations of a screen printing process, the front screen printing plate is used to print the first fine grid line 200 and the first main grid line 300 to the front of the solar cell 100, then after drying, the back screen printing plate prints the second fine grid line 400 and the second main grid line 500 to the back of the solar cell 100, and finally a good metal alloy is formed after a sintering process.

[0066] The solar cell prepared by using the screen has the first fine grid line 200 and the second fine grid line 400 arranged staggeredly, thereby reducing the surface resistance of the solar cell, improving the current collecting ability, and increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic module.

[0067] The embodiment also provides a photovoltaic module, which comprises a front glass, a front adhesive film, a solar cell, a back adhesive film and a back glass which are sequentially stacked, and the solar cell is processed by using the screen.

[0068] The photovoltaic module has high power generation, can reduce the power loss of the photovoltaic module, and saves cost.

[0069] Obviously, the above only describes preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles applied by the present application. It is understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, and those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application is described in detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and more other equivalent embodiments can be included without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the appended claims.

[0070] Note that in the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The illustrative description of the above terms in the present specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized by, The utility model relates to a solar cell (100) and a manufacturing method thereof, and the solar cell (100) comprises: a first fine grid line (200) arranged on the front surface of the solar cell (100), wherein the first fine grid line (200) is arranged in multiple, and the multiple first fine grid lines (200) are parallel to each other and extend in a first direction; a second fine grid line (400) arranged on the back surface of the solar cell (100), wherein the second fine grid line (400) is arranged in multiple, and the multiple second fine grid lines (400) are parallel to each other and extend in the first direction; and the first fine grid line (200) and the second fine grid line (400) are arranged staggeredly in a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front surface of the solar cell (100) is further provided with a first main grid line (300), and the back surface of the solar cell (100) is further provided with a second main grid line (500), wherein the first main grid line (300) is perpendicular to the first fine grid line (200), the second main grid line (500) is perpendicular to the second fine grid line (400), and the first main grid line (300) and the second main grid line (500) extend in the second direction; the first main grid line (300) is provided with a first soldering point (310), and the second main grid line (500) is provided with a second soldering point (510); and the first soldering point (310) and the second soldering point (510) are arranged staggeredly in the second direction.

3. The solar cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first fine grid line (200) is provided with a first widened part (210), and the second fine grid line (400) is provided with a second widened part (410); the first main grid line (300) is connected to the first fine grid line (200) through the first widened part (210), and the second main grid line (500) is connected to the second fine grid line (400) through the second widened part (410).

4. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein The solar cell (100) has a cutting region (600) and a chamfer region (700), and the cutting region (600) and the chamfer region (700) have an intermediate region (800) therebetween; the interval between two adjacent first fine grid lines (200) in the cutting region (600) is smaller than the interval between two adjacent first fine grid lines (200) in the intermediate region (800); and the interval between two adjacent first fine grid lines (200) in the chamfer region (700) is smaller than the interval between two adjacent first fine grid lines (200) in the intermediate region (800).

5. The solar cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The interval between two adjacent first fine grid lines (200) in the cutting region (600) is arranged to be 0.8 microns-1.0 microns, the interval between two adjacent first fine grid lines (200) in the intermediate region (800) is arranged to be 0.92 microns-1.12 microns, and the interval between two adjacent first fine grid lines (200) in the chamfer region (700) is arranged to be 0.84 microns-1.04 microns.

6. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein The solar cell (100) has a cutting area (600) and a chamfer area (700), and an intermediate area (800) between the cutting area (600) and the chamfer area (700); The interval between two adjacent second fine grid lines (400) in the cutting area (600) is smaller than the interval between two adjacent second fine grid lines (400) in the intermediate area (800); The interval between two adjacent second fine grid lines (400) in the chamfer area (700) is smaller than the interval between two adjacent second fine grid lines (400) in the intermediate area (800).

7. The solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The interval between two adjacent second fine grid lines (400) in the cutting area (600) is set to 0.86-1.06 microns, the interval between two adjacent second fine grid lines (400) in the intermediate area (800) is set to 0.98-1.18 microns, and the interval between two adjacent second fine grid lines (400) in the chamfer area (700) is set to 0.9-1.1 microns.

8. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The solar cell (100) is a half cell.

9. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The solar cell (100) is a TOPCon cell.

10. A photovoltaic module characterized by, The photovoltaic module comprises, in sequence, a front glass, a front adhesive film, a solar cell, a back adhesive film and a back glass, and the solar cell is the solar cell of any one of claims 1-9.

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