Novel fixed bed biomass garbage pyrolysis gasification furnace
By optimizing the exhaust structure and material selection of the gasifier, the problems of uneven temperature and coking in the gasifier were solved, achieving efficient processing of raw materials with different moisture content.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520247565.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing gasifiers suffer from problems such as uneven internal temperature, incomplete gasification, and coking, and their structural design is unreasonable, making it difficult to process raw materials containing moisture.
The design incorporates a gas collection hood, exhaust chamber, U-shaped exhaust pipe, and baffle structure. It combines the advantages of top and bottom suction gasifiers, optimizes the exhaust system, and uses Q235 steel and insulation material layers to improve adaptability.
It achieves uniform exhaust, improves combustion quality and efficiency, adapts to raw materials with different humidity levels, and reduces maintenance difficulty and processing complexity.
Smart Images
Figure CN223620343U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gasifier technology, and in particular to a novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasifier. Background Technology
[0002] A gasifier converts solid or liquid fuel into combustible gas, which is then mixed with air and burned to achieve heating. Existing gasifiers are classified as either top-suction or bottom-suction types. In top-suction fixed-bed gasifiers, the airflow flows upwards from the bottom, which can easily lead to uneven temperature distribution within the furnace, potentially resulting in incomplete gasification and affecting gas quality and equipment efficiency. Bottom-suction gasifiers may experience coking, affecting gasification efficiency and increasing the difficulty of furnace maintenance. Furthermore, existing gasifier structures suffer from drawbacks such as unreasonable furnace layer design, inappropriate material selection leading to insufficient high-temperature resistance, and an overall inadequate structural design, making the manufacturing of the entire gasifier unit inconvenient.
[0003] Therefore, how to provide a new type of fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace with a simpler and more reasonable structural design, more efficient and reasonable exhaust, the ability to process both dry raw materials and raw materials containing a certain amount of moisture to improve adaptability, and a more reasonable furnace body layer structure design has become a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is how to provide a new type of fixed bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace with a simpler and more reasonable structural design, more reasonable and efficient exhaust, capable of processing both dry raw materials and raw materials containing a certain amount of moisture to improve adaptability, and with a more reasonable furnace body layer structure design.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body, which includes an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body; characterized in that: the upper furnace body includes a gas collection hood with an overall flat circular box structure and an open lower end; the lower furnace body includes a furnace body tube, and the lower end of the gas collection hood is connected and fixed to the upper end of the furnace body tube; the upper furnace body also includes a feed pipe connected and fixed to the middle of the upper end of the gas collection hood, and the lower end of the feed pipe penetrates downward through the gas collection hood and extends downward into the interior of the gas collection hood; a ring-shaped baffle is provided on the inner circumference of the upper end of the furnace body tube, and the outer circumference of the lower end of the feed pipe and the inner side of the baffle are spaced apart to form a ring-shaped exhaust port, thereby forming an exhaust chamber between the baffle, the gas collection hood, and the lower end of the feed pipe; exhaust holes penetrating the wall thickness of the gas collection hood are provided on both sides of the gas collection hood, and a U-shaped exhaust pipe is also provided, with the inner ends of the exhaust pipes connected to the exhaust holes via connecting pipes.
[0006] Thus, in the aforementioned gasifier device, a gas collecting hood is installed, forming an exhaust chamber between the baffle, the gas collecting hood, and the lower end of the feed pipe. Exhaust holes are then provided on both sides of the gas collecting hood, and a U-shaped exhaust pipe is designed. Connecting pipes connect the inner ends of the exhaust pipes to the exhaust holes. This exhaust pipe design improves flue gas efficiency and combustion quality and efficiency. Furthermore, the exhaust structure combines the advantages of both upward-suction and downward-suction gasifiers, making the entire device highly adaptable. It can handle both relatively dry and moisture-containing raw materials. This better addresses the problems of upward-suction fixed-bed gasifiers where the airflow flows from bottom to top, leading to uneven temperature distribution within the furnace and potentially incomplete gasification, affecting gas quality and equipment efficiency, and downward-suction gasifiers which may cause coking, affecting gasification efficiency and increasing furnace maintenance difficulty.
[0007] As an optimization, four baffles are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction inside the exhaust chamber, and the outer ends of one set of opposite baffles are respectively arranged directly opposite the exhaust port.
[0008] In this way, by designing baffles, the flue gas entering the exhaust chamber can be more evenly distributed, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of flue gas exhaust.
[0009] As an optimization, the connecting pipe is horizontally arranged and its inner end is fixed to the exhaust port; the exhaust pipe includes exhaust pipe lateral sections located on both sides of the gas collection hood, and the outer ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the inner front end of the exhaust pipe lateral section; the exhaust pipe also includes an exhaust pipe connecting section, and both ends of the exhaust pipe connecting section are respectively connected to the rear end of the exhaust pipe lateral section.
[0010] In this way, the structural shape design of the connecting pipe and the exhaust pipe is more reasonable and easier to install and arrange.
[0011] As an optimization, an upper connecting flange and a lower connecting flange are respectively provided at the lower end of the gas collecting hood and the upper end of the furnace body tube, and the upper connecting flange and the lower connecting flange are respectively connected and fixed together by connecting bolts.
[0012] In this way, by designing upper and lower connecting flanges, it is easier to disassemble and assemble, and easier to process and manufacture them separately, thus reducing the difficulty of processing.
[0013] As an optimization, multiple air inlets are arranged in an array along the circumference at the upper end of the furnace body tube, and air inlet pipes are connected to the air inlets.
[0014] In this way, the design of the air intake port is simpler and more reasonable, and the air intake and material feeding will not affect each other.
[0015] Furthermore, there are four air intakes.
[0016] As an optimization, the lower end of the furnace tube is bent inward horizontally to form a ring-shaped support plate. Multiple support blocks with right-angled triangular designs are set between the support plate and the inner circumferential surface of the lower end of the furnace tube and are evenly distributed along the circumference. The surfaces corresponding to the two right-angled sides of the support blocks are respectively attached to the inner circumferential surface of the furnace tube and the upper surface of the support plate. The surfaces corresponding to the hypotenuses of the support blocks form support surfaces and are not used to arrange furnace bridges. A discharge port is also set at the lower end of the furnace tube, and a discharge pipe is connected to the discharge port.
[0017] This makes it easier to install and arrange the furnace bridge, and the structural design is simpler and more reasonable.
[0018] Furthermore, a discharge connection flange is provided at the outer end of the discharge pipe.
[0019] As an optimization, the furnace tube also includes a furnace tube support section integrally formed and vertically downward arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the support plate.
[0020] This makes the structural design of the furnace tubes simpler and more reasonable.
[0021] Furthermore, air intake pipes are connected to both sides of the upper end of the furnace body tube support section.
[0022] As an optimization, a cover plate is provided at the upper end of the feed pipe, and a feed port with a rectangular structure is provided on the cover plate. A feed conduit is connected to the feed port, and a feed connection flange is provided at the upper end of the feed conduit.
[0023] This design makes the feed pipe simpler and more reasonable, and facilitates feeding.
[0024] As an optimization, the furnace tube includes an outer Q235 steel layer, an insulation material layer inside the Q235 steel layer, and a refractory brick layer or a refractory casting layer inside the insulation material layer.
[0025] In this way, the layered structure design of the furnace tubes is simpler and more reasonable, which can better withstand high temperatures and improve service life.
[0026] In summary, the gasification furnace device described above features a simpler and more reasonable structural design, more efficient and reasonable exhaust, the ability to process both dry and raw materials containing a certain amount of moisture to improve adaptability, and a more reasonable furnace body layer structure design. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace according to a specific embodiment of this utility model.
[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after rotation by one angle.
[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top-down view.
[0030] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A diagram showing the view from below.
[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA section view diagram.
[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of position B in the diagram.
[0033] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A frontal view diagram.
[0034] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 CC section diagram. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific manner. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0036] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a furnace body, comprising an upper furnace body 1 and a lower furnace body 2. The upper furnace body includes a gas collection hood 3 with an overall flat circular box structure and an open lower end. The lower furnace body includes a furnace body tube 4, with the lower end of the gas collection hood connected and fixed to the upper end of the furnace body tube. The upper furnace body also includes a feed pipe 5 connected and fixed to the middle of the upper end of the gas collection hood, with the lower end of the feed pipe penetrating downward through the gas collection hood and extending downward into the interior of the gas collection hood. A ring-shaped baffle 6 is provided on the inner circumference of the upper end of the furnace body tube, and the outer circumference of the lower end of the feed pipe and the inner side of the baffle are spaced apart to form a ring-shaped exhaust port 7, thus forming an exhaust chamber 8 between the baffle, the gas collection hood, and the lower end of the feed pipe. Exhaust holes penetrating the wall thickness of the gas collection hood are provided on both sides of the gas collection hood, and a U-shaped exhaust pipe 9 is also provided, with the inner ends of the exhaust pipes connected to the exhaust holes via connecting pipes 10.
[0037] Thus, in the aforementioned gasifier device, a gas collecting hood is installed, forming an exhaust chamber between the baffle, the gas collecting hood, and the lower end of the feed pipe. Exhaust holes are then provided on both sides of the gas collecting hood, and a U-shaped exhaust pipe is designed. Connecting pipes connect the inner ends of the exhaust pipes to the exhaust holes. This exhaust pipe design improves flue gas efficiency and combustion quality and efficiency. Furthermore, the exhaust structure combines the advantages of both upward-suction and downward-suction gasifiers, making the entire device highly adaptable. It can handle both relatively dry and moisture-containing raw materials. This better addresses the problems of upward-suction fixed-bed gasifiers where the airflow flows from bottom to top, leading to uneven temperature distribution within the furnace and potentially incomplete gasification, affecting gas quality and equipment efficiency, and downward-suction gasifiers which may cause coking, affecting gasification efficiency and increasing furnace maintenance difficulty.
[0038] In this specific embodiment, four partitions 11 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction inside the exhaust chamber, such that the outer ends of one set of oppositely arranged partitions are respectively arranged directly opposite the exhaust port.
[0039] In this way, by designing baffles, the flue gas entering the exhaust chamber can be more evenly distributed, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of flue gas exhaust.
[0040] In this specific embodiment, the connecting pipe is horizontally arranged and its inner end is fixed to the exhaust hole; the exhaust pipe includes exhaust pipe lateral sections 12 located on both sides of the gas collection hood, such that the outer ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the inner front end of the exhaust pipe lateral section; the exhaust pipe also includes an exhaust pipe connecting section 13, and both ends of the exhaust pipe connecting section are respectively connected to the rear end of the exhaust pipe lateral section.
[0041] In this way, the structural shape design of the connecting pipe and the exhaust pipe is more reasonable and easier to install and arrange.
[0042] In this specific embodiment, an upper connecting flange 14 and a lower connecting flange 15 are respectively provided at the lower end of the gas collecting hood and the upper end of the furnace body tube, and the upper connecting flange and the lower connecting flange are respectively connected and fixed together by connecting bolts.
[0043] In this way, by designing upper and lower connecting flanges, it is easier to disassemble and assemble, and easier to process and manufacture them separately, thus reducing the difficulty of processing.
[0044] In this specific embodiment, a plurality of air inlets are arranged in an array along the circumferential direction at the upper end of the furnace body tube, and an air inlet pipe 16 is connected to the air inlets.
[0045] In this way, the design of the air intake port is simpler and more reasonable, and the air intake and material feeding will not affect each other.
[0046] Furthermore, there are four air intakes.
[0047] In this specific embodiment, the lower end of the furnace tube is bent inward horizontally to form a ring-shaped support plate 17. Multiple support blocks 18 with right-angled triangular designs and evenly distributed along the circumference are arranged between the support plate and the inner circumferential surface of the lower end of the furnace tube. The surfaces corresponding to the two right-angled sides of the support blocks are respectively attached to the inner circumferential surface of the furnace tube and the upper surface of the support plate. The surfaces corresponding to the hypotenuses of the support blocks form support surfaces and are not used to arrange furnace bridges. A discharge port is also provided at the lower end of the furnace tube, and a discharge pipe 19 is connected to the discharge port.
[0048] This makes it easier to install and arrange the furnace bridge, and the structural design is simpler and more reasonable.
[0049] Furthermore, a discharge connection flange is provided at the outer end of the discharge pipe.
[0050] In this specific embodiment, the furnace tube also includes a furnace tube support section 20 integrally formed and disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the support plate and disposed vertically downward.
[0051] This makes the structural design of the furnace tubes simpler and more reasonable.
[0052] Furthermore, air intake pipes are connected to both sides of the upper end of the furnace body tube support section.
[0053] In this specific embodiment, a cover plate 21 is provided at the upper end of the feed pipe, and a feed port with a rectangular structure is provided on the cover plate. A feed conduit 22 is connected to the feed port, and a feed connection flange is provided at the upper end of the feed conduit.
[0054] This design makes the feed pipe simpler and more reasonable, and facilitates feeding.
[0055] In this specific embodiment, the furnace tube includes an outer Q235 steel layer, an insulation material layer inside the Q235 steel layer, and a refractory brick layer or a refractory casting layer inside the insulation material layer.
[0056] In this way, the layered structure design of the furnace tubes is simpler and more reasonable, which can better withstand high temperatures and improve service life.
[0057] In summary, the gasification furnace device described above features a simpler and more reasonable structural design, more efficient and reasonable exhaust, the ability to process both dry and raw materials containing a certain amount of moisture to improve adaptability, and a more reasonable furnace body layer structure design.
[0058] The preferred embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of this utility model without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of this utility model through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims
1. A novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace, comprising a furnace body, the furnace body including an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body; characterized in that; The upper furnace body includes a gas collecting hood with a flat, circular box-like structure and an open lower end. The lower furnace body includes a furnace tube, with the lower end of the gas collecting hood connected and fixed to the upper end of the furnace tube. The upper furnace body also includes a feed pipe connected and fixed to the middle of the upper end of the gas collecting hood, with the lower end of the feed pipe penetrating downwards through the gas collecting hood and extending into the interior of the hood. A ring-shaped baffle is provided on the inner circumference of the upper end of the furnace tube, and the outer circumference of the lower end of the feed pipe and the inner side of the baffle are spaced apart to form a ring-shaped exhaust port, thus forming an exhaust chamber between the baffle, the gas collecting hood, and the lower end of the feed pipe. Exhaust holes penetrating the wall thickness of the gas collecting hood are provided on both sides of the gas collecting hood, and a U-shaped exhaust pipe is also provided, with the inner ends of the exhaust pipes connected to the exhaust holes via connecting pipes.
2. The novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Four baffles are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction inside the exhaust chamber, such that the outer ends of one set of opposite baffles are respectively arranged directly opposite the exhaust port.
3. The novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting pipe is horizontally arranged and its inner end is fixed to the exhaust port; the exhaust pipe includes exhaust pipe lateral sections located on both sides of the gas collection hood, such that the outer ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the inner front end of the exhaust pipe lateral section; the exhaust pipe also includes an exhaust pipe connecting section, and both ends of the exhaust pipe connecting section are respectively connected to the rear end of the exhaust pipe lateral section.
4. A novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An upper connecting flange and a lower connecting flange are respectively installed at the lower end of the gas collecting hood and the upper end of the furnace body tube, and the upper connecting flange and the lower connecting flange are respectively connected and fixed together by connecting bolts.
5. A novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple air inlets are arranged in an array along the circumference at the upper end of the furnace tube, and air inlet pipes are connected to the air inlets.
6. A novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the furnace tube is bent inward horizontally to form a ring-shaped support plate. Multiple right-angled triangular support blocks are evenly distributed along the circumference between the support plate and the inner circumferential surface of the lower end of the furnace tube. The surfaces corresponding to the two right-angled sides of the support blocks are respectively attached to the inner circumferential surface of the furnace tube and the upper surface of the support plate. The surfaces corresponding to the hypotenuses of the support blocks form support surfaces and are not used to arrange furnace bridges. A discharge port is also provided at the lower end of the furnace tube, and a discharge pipe is connected to the discharge port.
7. A novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The furnace tube also includes a furnace tube support section integrally formed and vertically downward arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the support plate.
8. A novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the feed pipe is equipped with a cover plate, and the cover plate is equipped with a rectangular feed port. A feed guide is connected to the feed port, and a feed connection flange is provided at the upper end of the feed guide.
9. A novel fixed-bed biomass waste pyrolysis gasification furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace tube includes an outer Q235 steel layer, an inner insulation material layer, and an inner refractory brick layer or refractory casting layer.