Improved activated carbon fixed bed device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an improved activated carbon fixed bed device and relates to the technical field of water treatment. Comprising a plurality of perforated plates which are mounted in an activated carbon tank, and the perforated plates adopt a mode that edge holes are small and dense and central holes are large and sparse; according to the height-diameter ratio of the carbon tank, 0-2 layers of porous plates are added to the carbon tank with the height-diameter ratio larger than 2; 1-3 layers of perforated plates are additionally arranged for the steel plates with the height-diameter ratio of 1-2; if the height-diameter ratio is smaller than 1, a perforated plate mode is not suitable; water is guided to the center from the edge, so that the distribution of water flow is adjusted to be uniform, and activated carbon can be uniformly adsorbed; the number of the perforated plates is selectively increased according to the height-diameter ratio of the carbon tank, so that the uniformity of water flow in the carbon tank can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of water treatment technology, specifically relating to an improved activated carbon fixed bed device. Background Technology

[0002] Activated carbon possesses a highly developed pore structure with varying pore sizes, ranging from micropores (diameter less than 2 nm), mesopores (diameter between 2 and 50 nm), to macropores (diameter greater than 50 nm). This porous structure provides a huge specific surface area, typically reaching 500-1500 m² / g, enabling it to effectively adsorb harmful substances in water, such as organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, and residual chlorine, through physical adsorption.

[0003] Wastewater or tap water passes through a fixed-bed activated carbon adsorption column under pressure. During this process, the water flows uniformly through the activated carbon bed at a constant velocity. The activated carbon adsorbs pollutants in the water, and the flow pattern of the water after entering the bed is influenced by the bed structure. When the bed diameter is too large, according to fluid mechanics principles, wastewater tends to flow along the path of least resistance. In areas near the bed walls, the fluid velocity is relatively high due to the wall effect. The wall acts as a boundary guiding the fluid flow, making it easier for wastewater to flow in this area. For example, in a circular fixed bed, wastewater near the edge experiences relatively less friction and resistance, similar to fluid flowing near a pipe wall. In contrast, the fluid in the central area experiences relatively greater resistance from the surrounding activated carbon particles, making flow more difficult.

[0004] In addition, such as Figure 1 As shown, due to the characteristic of high flow velocity at the edges and low velocity in the center within the activated carbon chamber, organic pollutants in the wastewater pass rapidly through the area near the edge of the bed, allowing the activated carbon in this region to come into contact with the pollutants quickly. Because of the high flow velocity, the contact time between the organic pollutants and the activated carbon is relatively short, but because the flow is concentrated in the edge area, this portion of activated carbon adsorbs a certain amount of pollutants in a short time. However, over time, this portion of activated carbon easily reaches adsorption saturation. In contrast, the activated carbon in the center of the bed experiences slower wastewater flow, making it difficult for sufficient organic pollutants to reach this area. Even if some pollutants diffuse into the central area, their adsorption efficiency is relatively low due to the small flow rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, the purpose of this invention is to provide an improved activated carbon fixed bed device.

[0006] An improved activated carbon fixed bed device of this utility model includes a porous plate. Several porous plates are installed in the activated carbon canister. The porous plate 1 has small and dense pores at the edges and large and sparse pores in the center.

[0007] Preferably, the perforated plate is used according to the height-to-diameter ratio of the carbon canister. If the height-to-diameter ratio is greater than 2, 0 to 2 layers of perforated plate are added; if the height-to-diameter ratio is between 1 and 2, 1 to 3 layers of perforated plate are added; if the height-to-diameter ratio is less than 1, the perforated plate method is not suitable.

[0008] Preferably, the holes in the perforated plate are circular.

[0009] Preferably, the holes in the perforated plate are regular polygons.

[0010] Preferably, the holes in the perforated plate are triangular.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by employing a method of small, densely packed pores at the edges and large, sparsely packed pores in the center, water is guided from the edges to the center, thereby regulating the water flow distribution evenly and enabling the activated carbon to adsorb water uniformly. Specific advantages include:

[0012] First, the use of a perforated plate ensures uniform adsorption by activated carbon. The perforated plate features small, dense pores at the edges and large, sparse pores in the center, resulting in uniform water flow distribution within the carbon tank.

[0013] Second, by selecting and increasing the number of perforated plates according to the height-to-diameter ratio of the carbon tank, the uniformity of water flow within the carbon tank can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0014] For ease of explanation, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the water flow velocity inside the carbon canister in the prior art;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the perforated plate in this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is another structural schematic diagram of the perforated plate in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., illustrated in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by this utility model, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this utility model.

[0020] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, this specific embodiment adopts the following technical solution: it includes a porous plate 1, and several porous plates 1 are installed in the activated carbon canister. The porous plate 1 adopts a method of small and dense pores at the edge and large and sparse pores in the center. The porous plate 1 is based on the height-to-diameter ratio of the carbon canister. If the height-to-diameter ratio is greater than 2, one layer of porous plate 1 is added or no porous plate is added; if the height-to-diameter ratio is between 1 and 2, two layers of porous plate 1 are added; if the height-to-diameter ratio is less than 1, the porous plate method is not suitable.

[0022] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, in this specific embodiment, the hole shape of the perforated plate 1 is circular, regular polygonal, triangular, or other shapes.

[0023] An improved method for an improved activated carbon fixed bed device is as follows: depending on the height, diameter, and particle size of the carbon tank, the water flow velocity distribution within the carbon tank is first determined through experiments or simulations without the addition of the porous plate 1; then, the minimum pore size is determined based on the size of the activated carbon particles, and the minimum pore size is at least 2 to 5 times the particle size of the activated carbon; finally, the porosity of the corresponding area of ​​the porous plate is determined based on the ratio of the water flow velocity at different distances from the center to the central water flow velocity. Example

[0024] In this embodiment, the height-to-diameter ratio of the activated carbon canister is greater than 2.

[0025] Water is introduced into the activated carbon tank, and the distribution of water flow velocity inside the tank is observed. When the water flow distribution is uniform, there is no need to add a perforated plate. When the water flow distribution is uneven, a perforated plate 1 is added. After adding the perforated plate 1, the water flow distribution is observed. The pore size of the perforated plate 1 is determined according to the water flow distribution. When the water flow distribution is uniform, it is sufficient.

[0026] Minimum pore size experiment of porous plate 1:

[0027] 1. In this embodiment, the porous plate 1 uses circular holes for the experiment. The minimum pore size of the circular holes is 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 and 5 times the particle size of the activated carbon. According to the experimental data, the water flow distribution is uniform when the pore size is 3 times, 3.5 times, 4 times, 4.5 and 5 times the particle size, while the water flow distribution is slightly worse when the pore size is 2 times and 2.5 times the particle size.

[0028] 2. In this embodiment, the holes of the perforated plate 1 are tested using regular hexagons and regular octagons, and the experimental data are similar to those of the circular holes.

[0029] 3. In this embodiment, the holes of the porous plate 1 are triangular for the experiment. When the minimum pore diameter of the outer circle of the triangle is 4 to 5 times the particle size of the activated carbon, the water flow distribution is uniform, while the pore diameter distribution is poor at other multiples. Example

[0030] In this embodiment, the height-to-diameter ratio of the activated carbon canister is between 1 and 2.

[0031] Water is introduced into the activated carbon tank, and the distribution of water flow velocity inside the tank is observed. The water flow is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, a perforated plate 1 is added at this time. After adding the perforated plate 1, the water flow distribution is observed. When the water flow distribution is uneven, the perforated plate 1 needs to be added again. The aperture of the perforated plate 1 is determined according to the water flow distribution. When the water flow distribution is uniform, it is sufficient.

[0032] Minimum pore size experiment of porous plate 1:

[0033] 1. In this embodiment, the porous plate 1 uses circular holes for the experiment. The minimum pore size of the circular holes is 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5 and 5 times the particle size of the activated carbon. According to the experimental data, the water flow distribution is uniform when the pore size is 3 times, 3.5 times, 4 times, 4.5 and 5 times the particle size, while the water flow distribution is slightly worse when the pore size is 2 times and 2.5 times the particle size.

[0034] 2. In this embodiment, the holes of the perforated plate 1 are tested using regular hexagons and regular octagons, and the experimental data are similar to those of the circular holes.

[0035] 3. In this embodiment, the holes of the porous plate 1 are triangular for the experiment. When the minimum pore diameter of the outer circle of the triangle is 5 times the particle size of the activated carbon, the water flow distribution is uniform, while the pore diameter distribution is poor at other multiples. Example

[0036] In this embodiment, the height-to-diameter ratio of the activated carbon canister is less than 1:

[0037] When water is introduced into the activated carbon tank, the distribution of water flow velocity inside the tank is observed. However, when a perforated plate is added, it is found that the perforated plate is not suitable.

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention.

[0039] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An improved activated carbon fixed bed device, characterized in that: Including a porous plate (1), several porous plates (1) are installed inside the activated carbon canister. The porous plates (1) have small and dense pores at the edges and large and sparse pores in the center.

2. The improved activated carbon fixed bed device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The holes in the perforated plate (1) are circular.

3. The improved activated carbon fixed bed device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The holes in the perforated plate (1) are regular polygons.

4. The improved activated carbon fixed bed device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The holes in the perforated plate (1) are triangular.

5. An improved activated carbon fixed bed device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforated plate (1) is used according to the height-to-diameter ratio of the carbon canister. If the height-to-diameter ratio is greater than 2, 0 to 2 layers of perforated plate (1) are added; if the height-to-diameter ratio is between 1 and 2, 1 to 3 layers of perforated plate (1) are added; if the height-to-diameter ratio is less than 1, the perforated plate method is not suitable.

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