Wave absorbing unit and wave absorbing structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a wave absorbing unit and a wave absorbing structure, and relates to the technical field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials. The wave-absorbing unit comprises a wave-absorbing main body and an end structure arranged at the top of the wave-absorbing main body. The wave absorbing body is in a pyramid frustum shape, and the end structure is in a conical shape. Or, the wave-absorbing main body is in a polygonal star frustum shape with a polygonal star-shaped cross section, and the end part structure is in a pyramid shape or a cone shape. Wherein the bottom surface of the end structure is connected with the top surface of the wave-absorbing main body, and the top surface pattern of the wave-absorbing main body is located in the bottom surface pattern of the end structure. The wave absorbing structure provided by the utility model adopts the wave absorbing unit. The wave-absorbing unit and the wave-absorbing structure provided by the utility model can improve the technical problem that the tip of the conical wave-absorbing material is easy to damage due to stress concentration and weak size in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials technology, and more specifically, to a wave absorbing unit and a wave absorbing structure. Background Technology

[0002] Microwave-absorbing materials are functional materials commonly used in microwave anechoic chambers. They can absorb or significantly reduce the electromagnetic wave energy received on their surface, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference.

[0003] Microwave absorbing materials can be categorized into two types based on their application: coating-type and structured-type. Coating-type materials involve applying a mixture of absorbent (such as metal or alloy powders, ferrites, conductive fibers, etc.) and binder to the target surface to form an absorbing coating. Structured-type materials are formed by dispersing the absorbent within a three-dimensional structural material, including flat, wedge-shaped, and conical shapes. Structured absorbing materials are better suited to different application scenarios and electromagnetic environments, improving absorption performance and overall usability. Conical absorbing materials are widely used in microwave anechoic chambers. By being installed on the walls, floor, and ceiling of the anechoic chamber, they absorb incident electromagnetic waves, reducing reflection and scattering, thus simulating a near-free-space testing environment. This is crucial for improving the accuracy and reliability of electromagnetic testing.

[0004] Conical absorbing materials, through their unique conical structure design, create a gradual change in impedance from air to the cone tip and then into the material's interior. This impedance gradient helps reduce electromagnetic wave reflection at the interface and increases electromagnetic wave transmittance at the interface.

[0005] However, the tips of conical microwave absorbing materials are areas of stress concentration. When subjected to external forces, such as wind pressure, vibration, or improper operation during installation, these stresses can easily accumulate at the tips and exceed the material's strength limit, leading to breakage. Especially in low-temperature or high-humidity environments, the material's toughness and strength will further decrease. Improper handling or insecure fixing during the installation of conical microwave absorbing materials can also cause tip breakage. Furthermore, during the production process, if mold forming is used, there may be technical problems with difficult demolding of the tips. In summary, the susceptibility of conical microwave absorbing material tips to breakage can affect product yield, appearance, performance, and service life.

[0006] Especially for conical absorbing materials used for absorbing low-frequency electromagnetic waves, or specially designed conical absorbing materials used for large-angle incident waves, the above problems will be more pronounced if the material is relatively tall or has a sharp conical structure. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem solved by this invention is how to improve the technical problem that the tip of the conical absorbing material is easily damaged due to stress concentration and weak size in the prior art.

[0008] The embodiments of this utility model can be implemented as follows:

[0009] This utility model provides a wave-absorbing unit, including a wave-absorbing body and an end structure disposed on the top of the wave-absorbing body;

[0010] The absorbing body is shaped like a frustum of a pyramid, and the end structure is conical; or, the absorbing body is shaped like a frustum of a polygonal star with a polygonal star-shaped cross-section, and the end structure is either pyramidal or conical.

[0011] The bottom surface of the end structure is connected to the top surface of the absorbing body, and the top surface pattern of the absorbing body is located inside the bottom surface pattern of the end structure.

[0012] Optionally, when the bottom surface of the end structure is circular, the bottom surface of the end structure is the circumcircle of the top surface of the absorbing body.

[0013] Optionally, when the end structure is pyramidal and the absorbing body is a multi-pointed star-shaped frustum, the number of vertices on the bottom surface of the end structure and the number of vertices on the top surface of the absorbing body are the same and they correspond one-to-one.

[0014] Optionally, the end structure is integrally formed with the microwave absorbing body.

[0015] Optionally, the taper of the absorbing body is the same as the taper of the end structure.

[0016] Optionally, the end of the end structure away from the absorbing body has a top plane, making the end structure frustum-shaped.

[0017] Optionally, the absorbing unit further includes a protective sleeve made of a wave-transparent material, which is fitted over the outside of the end structure.

[0018] Optionally, the shape of the internal space of the protective sleeve is the same as the shape of the end structure, so that the inner surface of the protective sleeve fits against the outer surface of the end structure.

[0019] Optionally, the bottom of the protective sleeve is provided with a snap-fit ​​structure, which is snapped onto the bottom surface of the end structure.

[0020] The advantages of the absorbing unit provided by this utility model compared to the prior art include:

[0021] When the absorbing body is a frustum pyramidal shape, setting the end structure to a conical shape makes the overall structure of the end structure more robust. Compared to a pyramidal structure, this increases the overall strength of the end structure and thus improves its resistance to damage. Similarly, when the absorbing body is a frustum pyramidal shape, setting the end structure to a conical or pyramidal shape makes the overall structure of the end structure more robust. Compared to a pyramidal shape, this increases the overall strength of the end structure and thus improves its resistance to damage. Therefore, through the above-mentioned configuration, the top structure of the absorbing unit can be designed to be less prone to damage, thereby improving the technical problem of easy breakage of the tip of the conical absorbing material in the prior art due to stress concentration and weak dimensions.

[0022] Furthermore, by adding a protective sleeve to the outside of the end structure, the protection of the end structure can be further enhanced without affecting the wave absorption capacity, thereby further improving the technical problem that the tip of the conical wave absorbing material is easily damaged due to stress concentration and weak size in the prior art.

[0023] A wave-absorbing structure, comprising the wave-absorbing unit described above.

[0024] The absorbing structure provided by this utility model adopts the above-mentioned absorbing unit. The beneficial effects of this absorbing structure compared with the prior art are the same as the beneficial effects of the absorbing unit provided above compared with the prior art, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the absorbing unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the absorbing unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the absorbing unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the microwave absorbing unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the absorbing unit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Icons: 10-Absorbing unit; 100-Absorbing body; 110-Absorbing section; 200-End structure; 300-Protective sleeve; 310-Snap-on structure. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed during use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0038] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides a microwave absorbing unit 10, which can be used in applications such as anechoic chambers to form a periodic structure for absorbing electromagnetic waves. In this embodiment, the microwave absorbing unit 10 can improve the technical problem that the tip of the conical microwave absorbing material is easily damaged due to stress concentration and weak size in the prior art.

[0039] In this embodiment, please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The absorbing unit 10 includes an absorbing body 100 and an end structure 200 disposed on the top of the absorbing body 100. The absorbing body 100 is frustum pyramidal in shape, and the end structure 200 is conical in shape, such as... Figure 1 In the example shown, the absorbing body 100 is a frustum of a square pyramid; or, the absorbing body 100 is a frustum of a polygonal star with a polygonal star-shaped cross-section, and the end structure 200 is a pyramid or cone shape, such as... Figure 2 In the example shown, the absorbing body 100 is a frustum-shaped four-pointed star with a cross-section of a four-pointed star, and the end structure 200 is conical, as shown. Figure 3 In the example shown, the absorbing body 100 is a frustum-shaped four-pointed star with a cross-section of a four-pointed star, and the end structure 200 is a square pyramid; wherein, Figure 3 The example structure shown is formed by splicing two absorbing units 10. The bottom surface of the end structure 200 is connected to the top surface of the absorbing body 100, and the top surface pattern of the absorbing body 100 is located inside the bottom surface pattern of the end structure 200. In other words, the pattern formed by the top surface of the absorbing body 100 is surrounded by the outer contour of the pattern formed by the bottom surface of the end structure 200.

[0040] It is worth noting that when the absorbing body 100 is in the shape of a multi-pointed star frustum, the absorbing body 100 can be considered as comprising multiple absorbing sections 110. The horizontal cross-sections of these multiple absorbing sections 110 are all quadrilaterals, and the multiple absorbing sections 110 are arranged along a circumferential path, making the horizontal cross-section of the absorbing body 100 a multi-pointed star shape. The sides of the multiple absorbing sections 110 that are close to each other are in contact with each other; two sides of any one absorbing section 110 are in contact with the sides of two other absorbing sections 110 respectively; and the other two sides of the absorbing section 110 are inclined and form the conical surface of the outer part of the multi-pointed star frustum shape. Optionally, the multi-pointed star can be a quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal, or a multi-pointed star formed by more points. Simultaneously, the area of ​​the horizontal cross-section of the absorbing section 110 gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the top and bottom of the absorbing section 110 are both planar, thus allowing the multiple absorbing sections 110 to be arranged along a circumferential path to collectively form a multi-pointed star frustum shape.

[0041] It should be noted that the number of absorbing parts 110 corresponds to the number of angles of the polygon. In other words, when there are four absorbing parts 110, the four absorbing parts 110 form a four-pointed star frustum shape; when there are five absorbing parts 110, the five absorbing parts 110 form a five-pointed star frustum shape.

[0042] As described above, when the absorbing body 100 is a frustum pyramid shape, setting the end structure 200 to a conical shape makes the overall structure of the end structure 200 more robust. Compared to a frustum pyramid structure, this increases the overall strength of the end structure 200, and the smooth conical side surface also improves the damage resistance of the end structure 200. Similarly, when the absorbing body 100 is a frustum pyramid shape, setting the end structure 200 to a conical or frustum pyramid shape makes the overall structure of the end structure 200 more robust. Compared to a frustum pyramid shape, this increases the overall strength of the end structure 200, thereby improving its damage resistance. Therefore, through the above-described configuration, the top structure of the absorbing unit 10 can be designed to be less prone to damage, thus improving the technical problem in the prior art where the tip of the conical absorbing material is easily damaged due to stress concentration and thin dimensions.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the bottom surface of the end structure 200 is circular, the bottom surface of the end structure 200 is the circumcircle of the top surface of the absorbing body 100. In other words, when the absorbing body 100 is a frustum pyramid shape, multiple vertices of the polygon formed by the top surface of the absorbing body 100 are located on the outer contour of the circle formed by the bottom surface of the end structure 200. Similarly, when the absorbing body 100 is a frustum pyramid shape, multiple vertices of the top surface of the absorbing body 100 are located on the outer contour of the circle formed by the bottom surface of the end structure 200. Based on this, not only can the strength of the end structure 200 be improved, but the size of the end structure 200 can also be avoided from being too large or too small. If the end structure 200 is too large, the connection between it and the absorbing body 100 is easily damaged by collision. If the end structure 200 is too small, on the one hand, the top surface of the absorbing body 100 may not be effectively protected, and on the other hand, the platform-like top surface of the absorbing body 100 may cause strong reflection of electromagnetic waves, resulting in deterioration of absorption performance. In addition, this setup method can also reduce the difficulty of setting up the absorbing body 100 and the end structure 200, and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, when the end structure 200 is pyramidal and the absorbing body 100 is a multi-faceted frustum, the number of vertices on the bottom surface of the end structure 200 and the number of vertices on the top surface of the absorbing body 100 are the same and they correspond one-to-one. For example, refer to... Figure 3 and Figure 4When the polygonal star-shaped frustum is replaced with a quadrilateral star-shaped frustum, the top surface of the absorbing body 100 forms a quadrilateral star; correspondingly, the bottom surface of the end structure 200 forms a quadrilateral, with each of the four vertices of the star coinciding with the four vertices of the quadrilateral. This creates a smooth connection between the absorbing body 100 and the end structure 200, preventing the end structure 200 from being too large or too small, thus avoiding the aforementioned problems caused by its size. Furthermore, this design also reduces the difficulty of designing the absorbing body 100 and the end structure 200, lowering manufacturing costs.

[0045] In this embodiment, the end structure 200 is integrally formed with the absorbing body 100. Of course, in other embodiments of this application, the end structure 200 may also be disposed on the absorbing body 100 in other ways, such as by bonding, fastener connection, or plugging.

[0046] Furthermore, the taper of the absorbing body 100 is the same as the taper of the end structure 200. This can also be interpreted as the outer conical surface of the absorbing body 100 having the same inclination as the outer conical surface of the end structure 200, ensuring impedance matching between the end structure 200 and the absorbing body 100, thus guaranteeing absorption performance.

[0047] In this embodiment, please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 4 The end of the end structure 200, away from the main absorber 100, has a top plane, making the end structure 200 frustum-shaped. Making the end structure 200 frustum-shaped eliminates the weakest point in terms of mechanical strength at the top, increases the overall strength of the end structure 200, and prevents damage to the top. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The structure shown in the example is formed by splicing together two absorbing units 10.

[0048] Of course, in some implementations, the platform design at the top of the end structure 200 can be omitted, so that the end structure 200 forms a cone shape.

[0049] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 To further enhance the protection of the end structure 200, the absorbing unit 10 also includes a protective sleeve 300 made of a wave-transparent material, which is fitted over the end structure 200. The protective sleeve 300 does not affect the wave-absorbing performance of the end structure 200. At the same time, the protective sleeve 300 provides protection to the end structure 200, further enhancing its strength, thereby addressing the technical problem in the prior art where the tip of the conical absorbing material is easily damaged due to stress concentration and its thin size.

[0050] It should be noted that the wave-transparent material can be a plastic with a low dielectric constant, between 1 and 4, so that the loss value is less than 0.01.

[0051] The shape of the internal space of the protective sleeve 300 can be the same as that of the end structure 200, so that the inner surface of the protective sleeve 300 fits against the outer surface of the end structure 200. That is, when the end structure 200 is frustum conical, the internal space of the protective sleeve 300 is also frustum conical; and when the end structure 200 is frustum pyramidal, the internal space of the protective sleeve 300 is also frustum pyramidal. On the one hand, the protective sleeve 300 fits tightly against the outside of the end structure 200, which can enhance the protection of the end structure 200; on the other hand, it can also prevent gaps from forming between the protective sleeve 300 and the end structure 200, which could lead to easy detachment and affect the appearance.

[0052] Furthermore, to improve the assembly stability of the protective sleeve 300 and the end structure 200, in some embodiments, the bottom 300 of the protective sleeve is provided with a snap-fit ​​structure 310, which snaps onto the bottom surface of the end structure 200. In other words, the protective sleeve 300 can improve the assembly stability of the protective sleeve 300 and the end structure 200 by engaging with the bottom surface of the end structure 200 through the snap-fit ​​structure 310 located at its bottom. It is worth noting that since the shape of the top surface of the absorbing body 100 is contained within the outer contour of the bottom surface of the end structure 200, and the bottom surface of the end structure 200 is partially exposed, the snap-fit ​​structure 310 can be engaged with the exposed portion of the bottom surface of the end structure 200.

[0053] It should be understood that in other embodiments of this application, the protective sleeve 300 may also be assembled to the end structure 200 in other ways to improve assembly stability. For example, the interior of the protective sleeve 300 may be coated with an adhesive, and the assembly of the protective sleeve 300 and the end structure 200 may be achieved by bonding.

[0054] Based on the absorbing unit 10 provided above, this embodiment provides a performance comparison between the absorbing unit 10 and existing absorbing structures, as shown in the table below:

[0055] frequency 0.3GHz 0.6GHz 0.8GHz 1GHz 1.3GHz 1.6GHz 1.8GHz 2GHz control group -21.8dB -34.3dB -43.6dB -37.2dB -37.1dB -42.7dB -47.4dB -46.4dB Structure 1 -21.6dB -33.6dB -52.1dB -35.1dB -35.6dB -43.3dB -45.9dB -38.6dB Structure 2 -21.5dB -33.8dB -47.5dB -36.8dB -36.4dB -45.5dB -45.6dB -42.3dB

[0056] Wherein, "frequency" represents the frequency of the electromagnetic wave; "control group" represents existing absorbing structures; "Structure 1" is an absorbing structure composed of absorbing units 10 with conical end structures 200; "Structure 2" is an absorbing structure composed of absorbing units 10 with pyramidal end structures 200. It is worth noting that in the above comparative experiments, the main body of the structures used in the control group, Structure 1, and Structure 2 are all polygonal star-shaped pyramids, and a lower side pyramid 400 is also provided at the bottom of the polygonal star-shaped pyramid, such as... Figure 4 The difference is that the above-mentioned absorbing unit 10 is used in structure 1 and structure 2 (that is, the absorbing unit 10 has an end structure 200).

[0057] It can be seen that the end structure 200 has almost no impact on the absorption performance. That is, even with the end structure 200, the absorption unit 10 can still have sufficient absorption performance to meet the user's actual needs.

[0058] Based on the wave-absorbing unit 10 provided above, this embodiment also provides a wave-absorbing structure (not shown in the figure), which adopts the wave-absorbing unit 10 described above. Based on this, the wave-absorbing structure can also improve the technical problem that the tip of the conical wave-absorbing material in the prior art is easily damaged due to stress concentration and weak size.

[0059] It should be noted that the absorbing structure can use one or more absorbing units 10; when using multiple absorbing units 10, the arrangement of the multiple absorbing units 10 can be periodically set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0060] In summary, in the absorbing unit 10 and absorbing structure of this embodiment, when the absorbing body 100 is a frustum pyramid shape, setting the end structure 200 to a conical shape makes the overall structure of the end structure 200 more robust. Compared to a frustum pyramid shape, this increases the overall strength of the end structure 200, thereby improving its resistance to breakage. Similarly, when the absorbing body 100 is a frustum pyramid shape, setting the end structure 200 to a conical or pyramidal shape makes the overall structure of the end structure 200 more robust. Compared to a pyramidal shape, this increases the overall strength of the end structure 200, thereby improving its resistance to breakage. Therefore, through the above-described configuration, the top structure of the absorbing unit 10 can be designed to be less prone to breakage without affecting the absorbing performance, thus improving the technical problem in the prior art where the tip of a conical absorbing material is easily damaged due to stress concentration and thin dimensions. Furthermore, by covering the end structure 200 with a protective sleeve 300, the protection of the end structure 200 can be further enhanced without affecting the wave absorption capacity, thereby further improving the technical problem that the tip of the conical wave absorbing material is easily damaged due to stress concentration and weak size in the prior art.

[0061] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wave-absorbing unit, characterized in that, It includes a microwave absorbing body and an end structure located on top of the microwave absorbing body; The absorbing body is shaped like a frustum of a pyramid, and the end structure is conical; or, the absorbing body is shaped like a frustum of a polygonal star with a polygonal star-shaped cross-section, and the end structure is either pyramidal or conical. The bottom surface of the end structure is connected to the top surface of the absorbing body, and the top surface pattern of the absorbing body is located inside the bottom surface pattern of the end structure.

2. The absorbing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the end structure is conical, the bottom surface of the end structure is the circumcircle of the top surface of the absorbing body.

3. The absorbing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the end structure is pyramidal and the absorbing body is a multi-pointed star-shaped frustum, the number of vertices on the bottom surface of the end structure and the number of vertices on the top surface of the absorbing body are the same and they correspond one-to-one.

4. The absorbing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end structure is integrally formed with the microwave absorbing body.

5. The absorbing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The taper of the absorbing body is the same as the taper of the end structure.

6. The absorbing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end structure has a top plane at the end away from the absorbing body, making the end structure truncated cone-shaped.

7. The absorbing unit according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The microwave absorbing unit also includes a protective sleeve made of microwave-transparent material, which is fitted over the outside of the end structure.

8. The absorbing unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The shape of the internal space of the protective sleeve is the same as the shape of the end structure, so that the inner surface of the protective sleeve fits against the outer surface of the end structure.

9. The absorbing unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the protective sleeve is provided with a buckle structure, which is snapped onto the bottom surface of the end structure.

10. A wave-absorbing structure, characterized in that, It includes the absorbing unit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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