Polarity terminal, upper cover assembly, single battery and high-capacity battery assembly

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a polar terminal, an upper cover assembly, a single battery and a high-capacity battery assembly. The polarity terminal is provided with a functional structure used for increasing the heat exchange area. The upper cover assembly comprises an upper cover plate and a polarity terminal arranged on the upper cover plate; each single battery comprises an outer shell as well as an electrode assembly and electrolyte which are positioned in the outer shell; wherein the outer shell is defined by an upper cover assembly, a barrel and a lower cover assembly; the high-capacity battery assembly comprises a high-capacity battery and a heat exchange device; the high-capacity battery comprises a plurality of single batteries arranged along the x direction; the heat exchange device is located at the top of the large-capacity battery, polar terminals of all the single batteries penetrate through the heat exchange device, and the parts, provided with functional structures, of the polar terminals are located in the heat exchange device and make direct contact with an insulating heat exchange medium; the electric connection part of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device, and the side wall of the polar terminal and the heat exchange device are sealed. By optimizing the heat exchange structure, the heat exchange performance of the high-capacity battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of batteries, specifically a polar terminal, a top cover assembly, a single cell, and a high-capacity battery assembly. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, many batteries on the market are made into large-capacity batteries by connecting multiple individual cells in parallel, series, or series-parallel connections (also known as battery modules or battery packs).

[0003] However, existing high-capacity batteries have inherent differences among their individual cells. Due to the "weakest link" effect, the performance of the weakest cell often affects the overall capacity, significantly limiting the battery's maximum capacity and cycle life. Therefore, improving the uniformity of individual cells in high-capacity batteries has become a key focus and challenge in this field.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, Chinese patent CN220797038U discloses a high-capacity battery, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, this type of high-capacity battery includes a casing and multiple individual cells.

[0005] Define the length direction of the outer shell as the x-direction, the width direction as the y-direction, and the height direction as the z-direction;

[0006] Multiple individual cells are arranged along the x-direction in the inner cavity of the casing;

[0007] The bottom plate of the outer casing is provided with an electrolyte sharing chamber 13, which is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each individual cell. The electrolyte in each individual cell is connected through the electrolyte sharing chamber 13, so that the electrolyte of all individual cells is in the same system, reducing the difference between the electrolytes of each individual cell and improving the consistency between individual cells to a certain extent, thereby improving the cycle life of the large-capacity battery to a certain extent.

[0008] The top plate of the outer casing has clearance holes 10 that allow the polarity terminals of each individual battery cell to extend out; the polarity terminals of each individual battery cell extend out of the clearance holes 10 and the area of ​​the top plate of the outer casing corresponding to the clearance holes 10 is fixedly sealed to the top cover of the individual battery cell.

[0009] It should be noted that the polarity terminal of the aforementioned single battery can be a single battery post. If it is to prevent the single battery post from not being able to extend smoothly out of the clearance hole 10 or the height of the extension hole 10 does not meet the set requirements, a post adapter can be connected to the single battery post, and the overall structure of the single battery post and the post adapter can be used as the single battery polarity terminal.

[0010] The aforementioned high-capacity batteries generate heat during use. If heat exchange is not timely, it will lead to a significant reduction in battery life, increased energy loss, and even safety hazards such as spontaneous combustion and fire. Therefore, improving the heat exchange efficiency of these high-capacity batteries is of paramount importance.

[0011] To improve the heat exchange efficiency of the aforementioned high-capacity batteries, Chinese patent CN118299714A discloses a high-capacity battery, such as... Figure 2 As shown, this patent features a slot at the polarity terminal of the large-capacity battery extending from the clearance hole 10. A heat exchange component 01 is fixed within this slot, effectively facilitating heat exchange in the large-capacity battery. The larger the contact area between the polarity terminal and the heat exchange component, the better the heat exchange effect; that is, the larger the surface area of ​​the slot, the larger the contact area with the heat exchange component, and the better the achieved heat exchange effect. However, if the surface area of ​​the slot is too large, it will affect the overall structure of the polarity terminal, thereby affecting its conductivity. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to provide a polar terminal, a top cover assembly, a single cell, and a large-capacity battery assembly. Without affecting the conductivity of the polar terminal, the invention optimizes the heat exchange structure, shortens the heat exchange path, increases the heat exchange area, and improves the overall heat exchange performance of the large-capacity battery.

[0013] The concept of this utility model is:

[0014] This utility model converts the indirect heat exchange method used in Chinese Patent CN118299714A into a direct heat exchange method. A heat exchange device is set on the top of the large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a cavity for the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z-direction. That is, part of the structure of the polar terminal is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; the other part of the structure of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0015] Compared to the solution in Chinese patent CN118299714A, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange element - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal". The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery. Secondly, the heat exchange area is increased from "a slot with a certain surface area" to "a part of the structure where the polar terminal is located inside the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery.

[0016] Based on the above concept, if the heat exchange area of ​​the "part of the structure where the polar terminal is located inside the heat exchange device" is larger, then the area in contact with the heat exchange medium will be larger, which can further optimize the heat exchange effect.

[0017] Based on this, the first aspect of the present invention provides a polar terminal, the polar terminal having a functional structure for increasing the heat exchange area of ​​the polar terminal.

[0018] This invention increases the heat exchange area of ​​polar terminals by setting functional structures on them. The part with the functional structure is placed inside the heat exchange device to exchange heat with the heat exchange medium. Compared with polar terminals without functional structures, it has a larger heat exchange area and thus achieves a better heat exchange effect.

[0019] Furthermore, the functional structure consists of n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the sidewall of the polarity terminal, and the n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal. Compared to other functional structures, the annular grooves are easier to process, resulting in a lower cost for the polarity terminal.

[0020] Furthermore, at least one step structure is provided on the side wall of the polar terminal along the circumference of the polar terminal, and the heat exchange device cooperates with the step structure to achieve a seal between the heat exchange device and the polar terminal.

[0021] At least one second annular groove can also be provided on the side wall of the polar terminal along the circumference of the polar terminal, and the heat exchange device cooperates with the second annular groove to achieve a seal between the heat exchange device and the polar terminal.

[0022] The second aspect of this utility model provides a top cover assembly, including a top cover plate and a polar terminal disposed on the top cover plate; the polar terminal is the aforementioned polar terminal, and the polar terminal is insulated from the top cover plate by an insulating member.

[0023] Furthermore, the upper cover plate is also provided with a first opening component, which forms an opening on the upper cover plate under the action of external force or electrolyte.

[0024] The third aspect of this utility model provides a single battery, including an outer casing and an electrode assembly and an electrolyte located inside the outer casing; wherein the outer casing is formed by an upper cover assembly, a cylindrical body and a lower cover assembly; the upper cover assembly is the aforementioned upper cover assembly.

[0025] Furthermore, the lower cover assembly includes a lower cover plate and a second opening component disposed on the lower cover plate. The second opening component forms an opening in the lower cover plate under the action of external force or electrolyte; its structure may be the same as or different from the first opening component.

[0026] The fourth aspect of this utility model provides a large-capacity battery assembly, including a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device; the large-capacity battery includes a plurality of individual cells arranged along the x-direction; the individual cells are the aforementioned individual cells;

[0027] The heat exchange device is located on top of the large-capacity battery, and the inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a flow cavity for the insulating heat exchange medium.

[0028] Each individual battery's polarity terminal passes through the heat exchange device. The part of the polarity terminal with a functional structure is located inside the flow cavity of the insulating heat exchange medium and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium. The electrical connection part of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device, and the side wall of the polarity terminal is sealed to the heat exchange device.

[0029] This invention directly sets a heat exchange device on the top of a large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a cavity for the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z-direction. That is, the part of the polar terminal with the functional structure is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium. The other part of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0030] Compared to the solution in Chinese patent CN118299714A, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange element - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal". The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery. Secondly, the heat exchange area is increased from "a slot with a fixed surface area" to "a part of the structure where the polar terminal is located in the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery. Finally, without affecting the conductivity of the polar terminal, a functional structure is set on the polar terminal to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polar terminal. The part with the functional structure is placed in the heat exchange device and exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium. Compared with the polar terminal without the functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area and thus can achieve better heat exchange effect.

[0031] Furthermore, the high-capacity battery also includes a casing; multiple individual cells are arranged along the x-direction inside the casing.

[0032] The outer casing has at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity of all individual cells;

[0033] The top plate of the outer casing has clearance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each individual battery; the polarity terminals of each individual battery extend out of the clearance holes, and the area of ​​the top plate of the outer casing corresponding to the clearance holes is fixedly sealed to the individual battery casing.

[0034] The heat exchange device extends along the x-direction and is located above the top plate of the outer casing.

[0035] Furthermore, the heat exchange device includes heat exchange tubes;

[0036] The heat exchange tube includes a tube body, which has a first channel and at least one row of second channel units. The first channel extends along the x-direction and serves as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity. Each row of second channel units includes multiple second channels arranged along the x-direction, and each second channel extends along the z-direction and penetrates the first channel.

[0037] Each second channel in each row of second channel units corresponds one-to-one with the polarity terminal of the high-capacity battery located on the same side;

[0038] Each polarity terminal has a functional structure portion that is inserted into the corresponding second channel, and in the z direction, the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal extends out of the second channel;

[0039] The first and second ports of the second channel are sealed with the corresponding polarity terminals.

[0040] Furthermore, sealing between the first and second ports of the second channel and the corresponding polarity terminals can be achieved in the following two ways:

[0041] The first sealing method is achieved by introducing multiple first annular sealing gaskets, each corresponding to a polarity terminal, in conjunction with a stepped structure.

[0042] The first annular sealing gasket is fitted onto the corresponding polarity terminal, and its inner bottom edge is pressed against the stepped surface of the stepped structure and sealed to the polarity terminal; the outer bottom edge is sealed to the heat exchange tube, thereby achieving a seal between each second channel second port and the corresponding polarity terminal; wherein the second port is the port of the second channel near the electrical connection part;

[0043] The insulating component between each polarity terminal and the upper cover plate is an insulating sleeve, which is fitted between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate to achieve insulation between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate;

[0044] The heat exchange tube is bonded to the upper end face of the insulating sleeve of each polarity terminal to achieve a seal between the first port of each second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal.

[0045] The second sealing method is achieved by introducing multiple second annular sealing gaskets, each corresponding to a polarity terminal, in conjunction with a second annular groove structure.

[0046] The second annular sealing gasket is fitted onto the corresponding polarity terminal and embedded in the second annular groove; the outer edge of the bottom surface of the second annular sealing gasket is sealed to the heat exchange tube fitting, thereby achieving a seal between each second channel second port and the corresponding polarity terminal;

[0047] The insulating component between each polarity terminal and the upper cover plate is an insulating sleeve, which is fitted between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate to achieve insulation between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate;

[0048] The heat exchange tube is bonded to the upper end face of the insulating sleeve of each polarity terminal to achieve a seal between the first port of each second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal.

[0049] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0050] This invention directly sets a heat exchange device on the top of a large-capacity battery. The inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a cavity for the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z-direction. That is, the part of the polar terminal with the functional structure is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium. The other part of the polar terminal is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0051] Compared to the solution in Chinese patent CN118299714A, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange element - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal". The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery. Secondly, the heat exchange area is increased from "a slot with a fixed surface area" to "a part of the structure where the polar terminal is located in the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery. Finally, without affecting the conductivity of the polar terminal, a functional structure is set on the polar terminal to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polar terminal. The part with the functional structure is placed in the heat exchange device and exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium. Compared with the polar terminal without the functional structure, it has a larger heat exchange area and thus can achieve better heat exchange effect. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-capacity battery in the background art;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another type of high-capacity battery in the background art;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a polar terminal in Example 1;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a polarity terminal in Example 1;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another polarity terminal in Example 1;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of another polarity terminal in Example 1;

[0058] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0059] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of a top cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0060] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another upper cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0061] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of another top cover assembly in Embodiment 2;

[0062] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in Example 3;

[0063] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another single-cell battery in Example 3;

[0064] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0065] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of a high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0066] Figure 15 This is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0067] Figure 16a This is a cross-sectional view of another large-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0068] Figure 16b This is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of another large-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0069] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube fitting with the first structure in Example 4;

[0070] Figure 18 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat exchange tube fitting with the first structure in Example 4;

[0071] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0072] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional view of the third type of high-capacity battery in Example 4;

[0073] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tubes with the second structure in Example 4;

[0074] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0075] Figure 23 This is a cross-sectional view of a high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0076] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of another high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0077] Figure 25 This is a cross-sectional view of another high-capacity battery in Example 5;

[0078] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-capacity battery in Example 6;

[0079] Figure 27 This is a cross-sectional view of a high-capacity battery in Example 6;

[0080] Figure 28 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a high-capacity battery casing in Example 6;

[0081] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-capacity battery cylinder in Example 6;

[0082] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0083] 01. Heat exchanger; 1. Outer shell; 11. Top plate of outer shell; 12. Bottom plate of outer shell; 13. Electrolyte sharing chamber; 14. Gas sharing chamber; 2. Single cell; 21. Polar terminal; 211. Electrical connection part; 22. Upper cover plate; 23. Second opening piece; 24. Lower cover plate; 4. Stepped structure; 5. Second annular groove; 6. Heat exchange device; 61. Heat exchange pipe fitting; 611. First channel; 612. First port; 613. Second port; 62. First annular sealing gasket; 63. Second annular sealing gasket; 7. Insulating sleeve; 8. First annular groove; 9. Connecting pipe; 10. Clearance hole; 15. Insulating sealing layer; 16. Support; 17. Cylinder; 171. Side plate of cylinder; 172. Top plate of cylinder; 18. End plate. Detailed Implementation

[0084] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0085] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0086] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "top," "bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0087] To achieve better heat exchange performance for large-capacity batteries, this invention converts the indirect heat exchange method used in Chinese Patent CN118299714A into a direct heat exchange method. A heat exchange device is installed on the top of the large-capacity battery, with the inner cavity of the heat exchange device serving as a cavity for the heat exchange medium. At the same time, the polar terminal penetrates the heat exchange device in the z-direction, meaning that part of the polar terminal structure is located inside the heat exchange device and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium; the other part of the polar terminal structure is located outside the heat exchange device and serves as an electrical connection part.

[0088] Compared to the solution in Chinese patent CN118299714A, firstly, the heat exchange path is shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange element - polar terminal" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal". The heat exchange medium acts directly on the polar terminal, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium and thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery. Secondly, the heat exchange area is increased from "a slot with a certain surface area" to "a part of the structure where the polar terminal is located inside the heat exchange device", which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery.

[0089] Meanwhile, this utility model sets up a functional structure on the polar terminal to increase the contact area between this part and the heat exchange medium, so as to further optimize the heat exchange effect.

[0090] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0091] Example 1

[0092] This embodiment is a polar terminal 21, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the polarity terminal 21 in this embodiment is the second terminal of a single cell, which is taller than the second terminal of a conventional single cell.

[0093] In some other embodiments, when the height of the single cell 2 terminal does not meet the set requirements, a terminal adapter can be connected to the single cell 2 terminal, and the overall structure of the single cell 2 terminal and the terminal adapter can be used as the polarity terminal 21 of the single cell 2.

[0094] In this embodiment, the polarity terminal 21 is a cylinder. Two first annular grooves 8 are formed on the side wall of the polarity terminal 21. The two first annular grooves 8 are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal 21, and each first annular groove 8 extends circumferentially along the side wall of the polarity terminal 21. Since the two first annular grooves 8 can increase the heat exchange area of ​​this part of the polarity terminal 21, after placing this part in the inner cavity of the heat exchange device 6, a better heat exchange effect can be obtained compared with the polarity terminal 21 with smooth side walls.

[0095] In some other embodiments, the number of first annular grooves 8, as well as the dimensions such as groove width and groove depth, can be adjusted as needed, specifically without affecting the conductivity of the polarity terminal 21.

[0096] In other embodiments, other structures can be processed on the polarity terminal 21 to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal 21. For ease of description, in this utility model, the structures that can increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal 21 are collectively referred to as functional structures. Such functional structures may include dot-shaped pits and protrusions located on the sidewall of the polarity terminal 21, and may also include through holes located on the polarity terminal 21 (ribs can be added along its axial direction in the through holes to further increase the heat exchange area in the through holes), etc. Compared with the above functional structures, the first annular groove 8 structure in this embodiment is easier to process and has a lower processing cost.

[0097] In addition, the present invention does not limit the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21. For example, unlike this embodiment, in some other embodiments, a column with a rectangular cross-section can also be used as the polarity terminal 21.

[0098] Combination Figures 3 to 6 It can also be seen that, in this embodiment, at least one second annular groove 5 can be provided on the side wall of the polarity terminal 21 along the circumference of the polarity terminal 21 (see...). Figure 3 and Figure 4 Furthermore, at least one stepped structure 4 can be provided on the side wall of the polarity terminal 21 along the circumference of the polarity terminal 21 (see...). Figure 5 and Figure 6 Based on the second annular groove 5 or the stepped structure 4, the heat exchange device 6 is matched with the heat exchange device 6 to achieve a seal between the heat exchange device 6 and the polar terminal 21.

[0099] Specifically, different structures can be selected according to different sealing methods. For specific sealing methods, please refer to Example 4.

[0100] Example 2

[0101] This embodiment is a top cover assembly, the structure of which is as follows: Figures 7 to 10As shown, the device includes an upper cover plate 22 and two polarity terminals 21 from Embodiment 1 located on the upper cover plate 22. The two polarity terminals 21 have opposite polarities and serve as the positive and negative terminals of the individual battery cell 2, respectively. Figure 7 and Figure 8 In China, the following is adopted Figure 3 and Figure 4 The polarity terminal 21 shown, Figure 9 and Figure 10 ,use Figure 5 and Figure 6 The polarity terminal 21 is shown.

[0102] The upper cover plate 22 is used to enclose the lower cover assembly of the single cell 2 and the outer cylinder to form the outer shell of the single cell 2.

[0103] It should be noted that the polarity terminal 21 and the upper cover plate 22 are kept insulated. The insulation can be maintained by pouring insulating glue or setting an insulating sleeve 7, etc. As can be seen from the figure, this embodiment uses an insulating sleeve 7 to achieve insulation between the two.

[0104] In this embodiment, a first opening element can also be provided on the upper cover plate 22, which is located between the two polarity terminals 21. Under the action of external force or electrolyte, the first opening element can detach from the upper cover plate 22 of the single cell 2 and form a through hole in the upper cover plate 22 that penetrates the inner cavity of the outer casing. The first opening element adopts an existing structure, such as the first opening element disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] This embodiment is a single-cell battery 2, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, it includes an outer shell and an electrode assembly and electrolyte located inside the outer shell; wherein the outer shell is formed by an outer cylinder, a lower cover assembly and an upper cover assembly as in Example 2. Figure 11 use Figure 7 and Figure 8 The top cover assembly shown is Figure 12 use Figure 9 and Figure 10 The top cover assembly shown.

[0107] In this embodiment, the lower cover assembly includes a lower cover plate 24, and a second opening member 23 may be provided on the lower cover plate 24. This second opening member 23 can detach from the lower cover plate 24 of the individual battery 2 under external force or electrolyte action, and forms a through hole in the lower cover plate 24 that penetrates the inner cavity of the outer casing. The second opening member 23 can also be an existing structure, for example, it can adopt the opening member disclosed in Chinese Patent CN221327991 U, the sealing device disclosed in Chinese Patent CN117476997A, and the opening device disclosed in CN117477117A, etc. The structure of the second opening member 23 can be the same as or different from the first opening member.

[0108] Example 4

[0109] This embodiment is a large-capacity battery assembly, including a large-capacity battery and a heat exchange device 6; the heat exchange device 6 is used for heat exchange of the large-capacity battery. Here, heat exchange can be understood as either heat dissipation or heating of the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is higher than a set threshold, a lower-temperature heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange device 6 to cool the large-capacity battery; when the temperature of the large-capacity battery is lower than the set threshold, a higher-temperature heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange device 6 to heat the large-capacity battery; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, it can be ensured that the large-capacity battery always operates at its normal operating temperature.

[0110] The heat exchange device in this embodiment includes a heat exchange tube 61, having a first channel 611 and at least one row of second channel units; the first channel 611 extends along the x direction; each row of second channel units includes a plurality of second channels arranged along the x direction, each second channel extending along the z direction and penetrating the first channel 611; and each second channel in each row of second channel units corresponds one-to-one with the polarity terminals 21 of the plurality of individual cells 2 located on the same side.

[0111] In this embodiment, the main types are heat exchange tubes with one row of second channel units and heat exchange tubes with two rows of second channel units. The heat exchange tube 61 with one row of second channel units can be defined as the heat exchange tube 61 of the first structure, and the heat exchange tube 61 with two rows of second channel units can be defined as the heat exchange tube 61 of the second structure.

[0112] In both types of heat exchange tube fittings 61, the projected area of ​​the second channel in the xy plane must be slightly larger than the projected area of ​​the first part of the corresponding polarity terminal 21 (wherein the first part of the polarity terminal 21 includes the part of the polarity terminal 21 with a functional structure and the electrical connection part 211 located at the upper end of the part) in the xy plane, to ensure that the first part of the corresponding polarity terminal 21 can be inserted into the second channel, and in the z direction, the size of the second channel is smaller than the size of the first part of the corresponding polarity terminal 21, to ensure that in the z direction, the top of the first part of the polarity terminal 21 extends out of the second channel as the electrical connection part 211.

[0113] In some cases, the cross-sectional areas of the first part and the rest of the polarity terminal 21 are exactly the same. Therefore, it can be assumed that as long as "the orthogonal projection area of ​​the second channel in the xy plane is slightly larger than the orthogonal projection area of ​​the corresponding polarity terminal 21 in the xy plane, and the size of the second channel in the z direction is smaller than the size of the corresponding polarity terminal 21", it can be ensured that the first part of the corresponding polarity terminal 21 can be inserted into the second channel, and the electrical connection part 211 of the polarity terminal 21 extends out of the second channel in the z direction.

[0114] Typically, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel (for ease of description, the two ports are defined as the first port 612 and the second port 613, where the second port 613 is the port closer to the electrical connection part 211) are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polarity terminal 21. If the two ports of the second channel are round holes and the cross-section of the polarity terminal 21 is circular, then the diameter of the second channel needs to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the first part of the polarity terminal 21; if the two ports of the second channel are square holes and the cross-section of the polarity terminal 21 is square, then the area of ​​the ports of the second channel needs to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first part of the polarity terminal 21.

[0115] After the heat exchange tube 61 is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery, the part of each polarity terminal 21 with a functional structure is inserted into the corresponding second channel, and in the z direction, the electrical connection part 211 of the polarity terminal 21 extends out of the second channel; the two ports of the second channel are sealed with the corresponding polarity terminal 21.

[0116] The inner cavity of the heat exchange tube 61 (i.e., the inner cavity of the first channel 611) serves as the flow cavity for the heat exchange medium. The portion of the polar terminal 21 with the functional structure is located within the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube 61 and is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium. Compared to the effect of indirect heat exchange between the heat exchange medium and the polar terminal 21 through the tubular heat exchange component, firstly, it has a shorter heat exchange path (shortened from "heat exchange medium - heat exchange component - polar terminal 21" to "heat exchange medium - polar terminal 21"), which can improve the utilization efficiency of the heat exchange medium; secondly, it has a larger heat exchange area (increased from "a slot with a fixed surface area" to "the part of the structure where the polar terminal 21 is located within the inner cavity of the heat exchange tube 61"), which improves the heat exchange efficiency, and thus can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of this type of large-capacity battery. In addition, by setting the functional structure, the heat exchange area can be further increased to further improve and optimize the heat exchange effect.

[0117] It should be noted that:

[0118] 1. Since the polar terminal 21 of this utility model is in direct contact with the heat exchange medium, an ideal heat exchange medium should possess characteristics such as good insulation, high specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, good flame retardancy, low cost, suitable operating temperature, long service life, and non-corrosiveness. In this utility model, the heat exchange medium is a common insulating heat exchange medium in the prior art, which can be, but is not limited to, insulating oil and fluorinated liquid.

[0119] 2. Typically, two heat exchange tubes 61 of the first structure described above are used as the heat exchange device 6. The two heat exchange tubes 61 of the first structure are respectively sleeved on the polar terminals 21 on different sides (they may or may not be in contact with the top of the large-capacity battery).

[0120] In the first structure described above, the heat exchange tube 61 is in contact with both the polarity terminal 21 and the top of the large-capacity battery. If the polarity terminal 21 is electrically connected to the top of the large-capacity battery through the heat exchange tube 61, a short circuit will occur. Therefore, it is necessary to insulate the heat exchange tube 61 from the top of the large-capacity battery, or to insulate the heat exchange tube 61 from the polarity terminal 21. Of course, it is also possible to insulate the heat exchange tube 61 from both the top of the large-capacity battery and the polarity terminal 21. That is, it is sufficient to ensure that the polarity terminal 21 cannot be electrically connected to the top of the large-capacity battery through the heat exchange tube 61.

[0121] The above problems can usually be solved in the following ways:

[0122] 2.1 By selecting heat exchange tubes 61 made of insulating material, insulation between heat exchange tubes 61 and the top of the large-capacity battery and the polarity terminal 21 can be achieved.

[0123] 2.2 Using a non-insulated heat exchange tube 61 can overcome this problem by adding an insulating pad, insulating film, or insulating varnish between the top of the large-capacity battery and the heat exchange tube 61; alternatively, an insulating pad, insulating film, or insulating varnish can be added to the inner bottom surface of the heat exchange tube 61 (the side of the heat exchange tube 61 inside near the top of the large-capacity battery); the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 61 can be insulated, for example, by spraying insulating varnish or wrapping with an insulating film; an insulating sealing gasket can also be added between the polarity terminal 21 and the heat exchange tube 61; of course, for safety, multiple insulation methods can be combined to overcome this problem.

[0124] 3. Typically, a heat exchange tube 61 of the second structure described above is used as the heat exchange device 6. The two rows of second channel units are respectively fitted onto the polarity terminals 21 on different sides. Unlike the heat exchange tube 61 of the first structure, the heat exchange tube 61 of the second structure is easy to contact the polarity terminals 21 of different polarities of the same single cell 2 at the same time. Therefore, the heat exchange tube 61 of the second structure must be insulated from the polarity terminals 21 to avoid the two polarity terminals 21 of different polarities from conducting through the heat exchange tube 61, resulting in a short circuit. When the heat exchange tube 61 of the second structure is insulated from the polarity terminals 21, the polarity terminals 21 cannot conduct electricity with the top of the large-capacity battery through the heat exchange tube 61.

[0125] Insulation between the heat exchange tube 61 and the polarity terminal 21 in the second structure can be achieved in the following ways:

[0126] 3.1 By selecting heat exchange tubes 61 made of insulating material, insulation between heat exchange tubes 61 and polar terminals 21 can be achieved, as well as insulation between heat exchange tubes 61 and the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0127] 3.2. Use a non-insulated heat exchange tube 61 and add an insulating sealing gasket between the polarity terminal 21 and the heat exchange tube 61; perform insulation treatment on the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 61, such as spraying insulating paint or wrapping with insulating film; for safety, multiple insulation methods can be used in combination with the above methods to overcome this problem.

[0128] The following combination Figures 13 to 21 This embodiment provides a detailed description of the large-capacity battery assembly with the two aforementioned heat exchange tube components 61 structures.

[0129] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 The figures shown are a schematic diagram and a cross-sectional view of a large-capacity battery assembly using the first type of heat exchange tube 61 in this embodiment.

[0130] As can be seen from the figure, the high-capacity battery in this embodiment includes 12 individual cells 2 from embodiment 3 arranged along the x-direction.

[0131] The structure of heat exchanger tube 61 is as follows Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown in the figure, the heat exchange tube 61 in this embodiment includes a tube body, and a first channel 611 and 12 second channels (the 12 second channels form a row of second channel units) are provided in the tube body. The number of second channels is consistent with the number of individual cells 2 in the large-capacity battery. In some other embodiments, the number of second channels can be adjusted according to the number of individual cells 2 in the large-capacity battery.

[0132] This invention does not specifically limit the cross-sectional shape of the tube body. Since the heat exchange tube 61 in this embodiment is placed on top of the planar large-capacity battery, and considering structural regularity, it can be seen from the figure that the tube body in this embodiment is a rectangular tube. In other embodiments, circular tubes or other structural forms of tubes may also be used.

[0133] The aforementioned first channel 611 is a channel opened along the length of the tube body. In this invention, after the heat exchange tube 61 is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery, the length direction of the tube body is consistent with the arrangement direction of the individual battery cells 2 (i.e., the x-direction). Therefore, it can be considered that the first channel 611 extends along the x-direction. The two ends of the first channel 611 serve as the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heat exchange tube 61.

[0134] The aforementioned second channel is a channel that penetrates the tube wall of the tube body and communicates with the first channel 611. In this utility model, after the heat exchange tube 61 is fixed to the top of the large-capacity battery, the extension direction of the second channel is consistent with the height direction of the single cell 2 (the height direction of the single cell 2 is the z direction). Therefore, it can be considered that the second channel extends along the z direction.

[0135] In addition, multiple second channels need to correspond one-to-one with the polar terminals 21 of multiple individual cells 2 located on the same side; when fixed on the top of the high-capacity battery, the electrical connection portion 211 of each individual cell 2 polar terminal 21 passes through the first port 612 of the corresponding second channel and extends out from the second port 613. The second port 613 here is the port near the electrical connection portion 211 of the polar terminal 21; the part of each polar terminal 21 with a functional structure is located in the inner cavity of the first channel 611.

[0136] In this embodiment, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel are adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21. The two ports of the second channel are circular, and the cross-section of the polar terminal 21 is also circular. The diameter of the two ports of the second channel is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the polar terminal 21. In other embodiments, the shapes of the two ports of the second channel and the cross-sectional shape of the polar terminal 21 may be different, as long as it is ensured that the polar terminal 21 can be inserted into the second channel.

[0137] from Figure 13 As can be seen from the diagram, the high-capacity battery assembly in this embodiment includes two heat exchange tubes 61 of the first structure. The two heat exchange tubes 61 are respectively sleeved on polarity terminals 21 on different sides based on the second channel, and the two heat exchange tubes 61 are connected in series through a connecting pipe 9. In some other embodiments, the two heat exchange tubes 61 can also be connected in parallel.

[0138] In this embodiment, insulation between the heat exchange tube 61 and the top of the large-capacity battery and the polarity terminal 21 is achieved by using an insulating heat exchange tube 61.

[0139] In addition, since the heat exchange tube 61 contains an insulating heat exchange medium, the sealing between the heat exchange tube 61 and the polarity terminal 21 is particularly important.

[0140] from Figure 14 and Figure 15 It can be seen that when this embodiment adopts Figure 11 When the single cell 2 is shown, a second annular sealing gasket 63 is fitted inside the second annular groove 5 of each polarity terminal 21; the outer edge of the second annular sealing gasket 63 is sealed to the heat exchange tube 61 along its bottom surface, thereby achieving a seal between the second port 613 of each second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal 21. A sealing layer is applied between the insulating sleeve 7 and the heat exchange tube 61, or a sealing gasket is added, to achieve a seal between the first port 612 of each second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal 21.

[0141] Since the second annular sealing gasket 63 is embedded in the second annular groove 5, the second annular sealing gasket 63, in conjunction with the insulating sleeve 7, can also limit the heat exchange tube 61 in the z direction, thereby improving the stability of the heat exchange tube 61.

[0142] It should be noted that:

[0143] 1. Because the second annular sealing gasket 63 needs to be embedded in the second annular groove 5, the second annular sealing gasket 63 needs to have a certain elasticity in its radial direction so that it can be sleeved on the polar terminal 21 and embedded in the second annular groove 5 through the electrical connection part 211.

[0144] 2. The sealing connection method between the outer edge of the second annular sealing gasket 63 and the heat exchange tube 61 can be selected according to the material of the heat exchange tube 61. For example, in this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 61 is made of insulating material. Therefore, a sealant can be applied between the outer edge of the second annular sealing gasket 63 and the heat exchange tube 61 to achieve a sealed connection. When a metal heat exchange tube 61 is used, a sealing gasket can be added between the two, and a screw can be used to achieve a sealed connection.

[0145] from Figure 16a and Figure 16b It can be seen that when this embodiment adopts Figure 12When the single cell 2 is shown, the polarity terminal 21 and the corresponding second port 613 of the second channel can be sealed by the first annular sealing gasket 62. Specifically, the first annular sealing gasket 62 is sleeved on each polarity terminal 21, and the inner bottom surface of the first annular sealing gasket 62 is pressed against the stepped surface of the stepped structure 4 and sealed to the polarity terminal 21; the outer bottom surface is sealed to the heat exchange tube 61. A sealing layer is applied between the insulating sleeve 7 and the heat exchange tube 61 or a sealing gasket is added to achieve the sealing between each second channel first port 612 and the corresponding polarity terminal 21.

[0146] Similarly, since the first annular sealing gasket 62 is sealed to the polar terminal 21, the first annular sealing gasket 62, in conjunction with the insulating sleeve 7, can also limit the heat exchange tube 61 in the z direction, thereby improving the stability of the heat exchange tube 61.

[0147] It should be noted that:

[0148] The material of the first annular sealing gasket 62 and the sealing connection method between the first annular sealing gasket 62 and the polar terminal 21 and the heat exchange tube 61 can be selected according to the material of the heat exchange tube 61. For example, in this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 61 is made of insulating material, so a metal first annular sealing gasket 62 can be selected. The first annular sealing gasket 62 and the polar terminal 21 can be sealed by welding, and the first annular sealing gasket 62 and the heat exchange tube 61 can be sealed by adhesive bonding. When a metal heat exchange tube 61 is used, the first annular sealing gasket 62 and the polar terminal 21 and the heat exchange tube 61 can all be sealed by welding.

[0149] This embodiment can also provide an electrolyte sharing chamber at the bottom of the large-capacity battery. By opening the second opening piece 23 on the lower cover 24 of the individual battery 2, the electrolyte areas inside all the individual battery 2 can be connected through the electrolyte sharing chamber, achieving an electrolyte sharing effect. This electrolyte sharing chamber can be a hollow component located at the bottom of the large-capacity battery.

[0150] In some other embodiments, a gas-sharing chamber can also be provided between the two heat exchange tubes 61 at the top of the large-capacity battery. By opening the first opening piece on the cover plate 22 of the single cell 2, the gas areas inside all the single cells 2 can be connected based on the gas-sharing chamber to achieve a gas balance effect.

[0151] For the specific structures of the electrolyte sharing chamber 13 and the gas sharing chamber 14, please refer to the first hollow component and the second hollow component described in Chinese Patent CN117477186A, and the electrolyte sharing channel described in CN115275453A.

[0152] In some other embodiments, when the top cover does not have a first opening component, the gas sharing chamber covers the gas ports of each individual battery cell. In this case, the gas sharing chamber is used as a venting channel. When the venting membrane at the gas port of any individual battery cell is broken by the internal flue gas, the internal cavity of that individual battery cell is connected to the gas sharing chamber, and the flue gas inside it is discharged through the gas sharing chamber, thereby improving the safety of the large-capacity battery.

[0153] like Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, this is a large-capacity battery assembly using the second type of heat exchange tube 61. The structure of the large-capacity battery is the same as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0154] The second type of heat exchanger tube 61 is as follows: Figure 21 As shown, unlike the heat exchange device 6 with the first structure, it includes two rows of second channel units, with multiple second channels and all polar terminals 21 of multiple individual cells 2 corresponding one-to-one; that is, in this embodiment, the parts of all polar terminals 21 with functional structures are located in the same first channel 611.

[0155] Sealing plates can be added to both ends of the first channel 611, with holes made in the sealing plates to serve as the liquid inlet and liquid outlet of the heat exchange tube 61, respectively.

[0156] Insulation between the heat exchanger tube 61 and the polarity terminal 21 is achieved by using an insulating medium. The sealing method between each polarity terminal 21 and the two ports of the second channel is the same as above, and will not be described again here.

[0157] It should be noted that, since the heat exchange tube 61 basically covers the top of the entire large-capacity battery, it is not convenient to set up a gas sharing chamber 14 with a large z-direction dimension on the top of such a large-capacity battery.

[0158] In other embodiments, the heat exchange device may also be a half-tube structure (here, a half-tube can be understood as dividing the entire tube into two halves along its axial direction, with each half being a half-tube), and through holes are opened in the tube wall for the electrical connection parts of each polarity terminal to pass through. This type of heat exchange device is fastened to the top of the large-capacity battery, and the space between the half-tube and the top of the large-capacity battery serves as the heat exchange medium flow space. The part of the polarity terminal with the functional structure is located in the heat exchange medium flow cavity. It should be noted that this type of heat exchange device needs to ensure that there are no gaps between adjacent individual cells.

[0159] Example 5

[0160] This embodiment presents another type of high-capacity battery assembly. Its structure differs from that of Embodiment 4 in that the high-capacity battery in this embodiment also includes a casing 1, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figures 22 to 25 As shown.

[0161] Figure 22 and Figure 23 In Figure 13 Taking the large-capacity battery assembly shown as an example, with the addition of a casing 1, Figure 24 and Figure 25 In Figure 19 Taking the example of adding a casing 1 to the large-capacity battery assembly shown.

[0162] from Figures 22 to 25 As can be seen from this, in this embodiment... Figure 13 A housing 1 is added to the high-capacity battery assembly shown, and individual battery cells 2 are arranged inside the housing 1. The top plate 11 of the housing has clearance holes 10 that allow the polarity terminals 21 of each individual battery cell 2 to extend. The polarity terminals 21 of each individual battery cell 2 extend out of the corresponding clearance holes 10, and the area of ​​the top plate 11 of the housing corresponding to the clearance holes 10 is fixedly sealed to the housing of the individual battery cell 2.

[0163] A support member 16 extending in the x-direction is provided between the bottom plate 12 of the outer casing and each individual battery cell 2 to form a liquid channel, serving as a shared electrolyte chamber 13.

[0164] Figure 22 and Figure 23 In the case, a boss extending along the x-direction is provided on the top plate 11 of the outer casing. A gas channel is opened on the boss. The gas channel is connected to the inner cavity of the outer casing 1 and serves as a gas sharing chamber 14, which is connected to the gas area of ​​the inner cavity of each individual battery cell 2. When gas is generated in the inner cavity of the individual battery cell 2, the inner cavity of the gas channel can also serve as a gas containing cavity to alleviate the problem of the outer casing 1 bulging caused by gas generation.

[0165] In some other embodiments, only an electrolyte shared chamber 13 or a gas shared chamber 14 may be provided.

[0166] The heat exchange tube 61 is disposed above the top plate 11 of the large-capacity battery casing, and there is a certain gap between it and the top plate 11. Because the heat exchange tube 61 is made of insulating material in this embodiment, even if the heat exchange tube 61 comes into contact with the top plate 11, it will not affect the safety performance of the entire large-capacity battery.

[0167] Example 6

[0168] This embodiment is another type of large-capacity battery assembly. Unlike embodiment 5, this embodiment lays an insulating sealant layer 15 on top of the large-capacity battery in embodiment 5.

[0169] The specific structure is as follows: Figure 26 and Figure 27 As shown, Figure 26 and Figure 27 In Figure 22 and Figure 23Taking the example of adding an insulating sealant layer 15 to the large-capacity battery assembly shown, the insulating sealant layer 15 covers the top of the large-capacity battery and wraps the heat exchange tube 61.

[0170] from Figure 26 As can be seen, in this embodiment, the electrical connection portions 211 of the polar terminals 21 all extend beyond the insulating sealant layer 15 to facilitate connection with the electrical connection assembly. The electrical connection assembly is an electrical connector that enables parallel connection of individual cells 2 and / or series connection of adjacent large-capacity cells in a large-capacity battery. Simultaneously, the inlet and outlet ends of the heat exchange tube 61 both expose the insulating sealant layer 15, facilitating connection with external heat exchange equipment storing the heat exchange medium.

[0171] Laying an insulating sealant layer 15 on top of a large-capacity battery has at least the following advantages:

[0172] I. Further improve the sealing performance of each part of the heat exchanger tube fitting 61;

[0173] Specifically, the insulating sealant forming the insulating sealant layer 15 penetrates into the gap between the two ports of the second channel and the polar terminal 21, further sealing the gap radially.

[0174] II. Preventing condensation;

[0175] During long-term use, due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat exchange tube 61, condensation will form on the surface. When the condensation accumulates to a certain amount, it may cause a short circuit. By laying an insulating sealant layer 15 on the top of the heat exchange tube 61, when condensation forms on the surface of the heat exchange tube 61, the battery short circuit can be prevented under the protection of the insulating sealant layer 15.

[0176] 3. Achieve insulation between the heat exchange tube 61 and the top of the large-capacity battery;

[0177] When a non-insulating heat exchange tube 61 is used, insulation of the heat exchange tube 61 can be achieved when the insulating sealant is completely wrapped around the outside of the heat exchange tube 61, thereby further improving the insulation performance between the heat exchange tube 61 and the top of the large-capacity battery.

[0178] In some other embodiments, after the electrical connection assembly is connected to the polarity terminal 21, an insulating sealant layer 15 is laid on top of the large-capacity battery. That is, the insulating sealant layer 15 completely covers the polarity terminal 21 of the individual battery 2 and the connection part between the electrical connection assembly and the polarity terminal 21. In the entire large-capacity battery, after the outer shell 1 is insulated, only the free end of the electrical connection assembly (used to realize the series connection of the large-capacity batteries) is exposed to electricity, while the rest is insulated, so that this type of large-capacity battery has higher safety performance.

[0179] To prevent glue overflow during the glue injection process, this embodiment uses a portion of the outer shell 1 as a glue baffle. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 28 and Figure 29 The structure of the outer shell 1 in this embodiment will be described in detail.

[0180] like Figure 28 The diagram shown is an exploded view of the outer shell 1 in this embodiment. The outer shell 1 is disassembled into a cylindrical body 17 with open ends and an end plate 18 covering the open ends of the cylindrical body 17. The structure of the cylindrical body 17 is as follows: Figure 29 As shown, both ends of the cylinder 17 are open, meaning the open ends of the cylinder 17 are parallel to the yz plane; in the z direction, the height of the cylinder side plate 171 is higher than the height of the cylinder top plate 172; the portion of the cylinder side plate 171 that is higher than the cylinder top plate 172 serves as a baffle plate. This cylinder 17 can be integrally formed using an aluminum extrusion process, which is convenient for processing, and at the same time, it has better sealing performance compared to a split structure.

Claims

1. A polar terminal, characterized in that: The polarity terminal is provided with a functional structure, which is used to increase the heat exchange area of ​​the polarity terminal; the functional structure consists of n first annular grooves, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Each first annular groove extends circumferentially along the sidewall of the polarity terminal, and n first annular grooves are arranged along the height direction of the polarity terminal.

2. The polar terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one step structure is provided on the side wall of the polarity terminal along the circumference of the polarity terminal.

3. The polar terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one second annular groove is provided on the sidewall of the polarity terminal along the circumference of the polarity terminal.

4. A top cover assembly, characterized in that: It includes an upper cover plate and a polar terminal disposed on the upper cover plate; the polar terminal is the polar terminal as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, and the polar terminal is insulated from the upper cover plate by an insulating member.

5. The upper cover assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top cover also has a first opening component.

6. A single-cell battery, characterized in that: It includes an outer shell and an electrode assembly and electrolyte located within the outer shell; wherein the outer shell is formed by an upper cover assembly, a cylindrical body and a lower cover assembly; the upper cover assembly is the upper cover assembly as described in claim 4 or 5.

7. The single-cell battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower cover assembly includes a lower cover plate and a second opening component disposed on the lower cover plate.

8. A high-capacity battery assembly, characterized in that: It includes a high-capacity battery and a heat exchange device; the high-capacity battery includes multiple individual cells arranged along the x-direction; the individual cells are the individual cells described in claim 6 or 7; The heat exchange device is located on top of the large-capacity battery, and the inner cavity of the heat exchange device serves as a flow cavity for the insulating heat exchange medium. Each individual battery's polarity terminal passes through the heat exchange device. The part of the polarity terminal with a functional structure is located inside the flow cavity of the insulating heat exchange medium and is in direct contact with the insulating heat exchange medium. The electrical connection part of the polarity terminal is located outside the heat exchange device, and the side wall of the polarity terminal is sealed to the heat exchange device.

9. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high-capacity battery also includes a casing; multiple individual cells are arranged along the x-direction inside the casing. The outer casing has at least one shared chamber, and the inner cavity of the shared chamber is connected to the inner cavity of all individual cells; The top plate of the outer casing has clearance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each individual battery; the polarity terminals of each individual battery extend out of the clearance holes, and the area of ​​the top plate of the outer casing corresponding to the clearance holes is fixedly sealed to the individual battery casing. The heat exchange device extends along the x-direction and is located above the top plate of the outer casing.

10. The high-capacity battery assembly according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The heat exchange device includes heat exchange tubes and fittings; The heat exchange tube includes a tube body, which has a first channel and at least one row of second channel units. The first channel extends along the x-direction and serves as an insulating heat exchange medium flow cavity. Each row of second channel units includes multiple second channels arranged along the x-direction, and each second channel extends along the z-direction and penetrates the first channel. Each second channel in each row of second channel units corresponds one-to-one with the polarity terminal of the high-capacity battery located on the same side; Each polarity terminal has a functional structure portion that is inserted into the corresponding second channel, and in the z direction, the electrical connection portion of the polarity terminal extends out of the second channel; The first and second ports of the second channel are sealed with the corresponding polarity terminals.

11. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes multiple first annular sealing gaskets that correspond one-to-one with the polarity terminals; The first annular sealing gasket is fitted onto the corresponding polarity terminal, and its inner bottom edge is pressed against the stepped surface of the stepped structure and sealed to the polarity terminal; the outer bottom edge is sealed to the heat exchange pipe fitting, thereby achieving a seal between each second port of the second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal. The insulating component between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate is an insulating sleeve, which is fitted between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate to achieve insulation between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate. The heat exchange tube is bonded to the upper end face of the insulating sleeve of each polarity terminal to achieve a seal between the first port of each second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal.

12. The high-capacity battery module according to claim 10, characterized in that: It also includes multiple second annular sealing gaskets that correspond one-to-one with the polarity terminals; The second annular sealing gasket is fitted onto the corresponding polarity terminal and embedded in the second annular groove; the outer edge of the bottom surface of the second annular sealing gasket is sealed to the heat exchange tube fitting, thereby achieving a seal between each second channel second port and the corresponding polarity terminal; The insulating component between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate is an insulating sleeve, which is fitted between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate to achieve insulation between the polarity terminal and the upper cover plate. The heat exchange tube is bonded to the upper end face of the insulating sleeve of each polarity terminal to achieve a seal between the first port of each second channel and the corresponding polarity terminal.

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