Battery pack

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries, and particularly relates to a battery pack. The problem that potential safety hazards exist due to thermal runaway of an existing battery pack is mainly solved. The battery pack comprises a shell, a first-stage flue gas collecting pipe and a battery module, wherein the first-stage flue gas collecting pipe is positioned in the shell; each battery module comprises a secondary flue gas collecting pipe and a single battery; the single batteries are arranged along the x direction; the second-stage flue gas collecting pipe extends in the x direction and covers the explosion venting part of the single battery, and an inner cavity of the second-stage flue gas collecting pipe serves as a thermal runaway flue gas collecting channel and is communicated with the explosion venting part of the single battery; thermal runaway flue gas exhaust ports of the secondary flue gas collecting pipes in the battery modules are communicated with the primary flue gas collecting pipes, and the outlet ends of the primary flue gas collecting pipes extend out of the shell. And when thermal runaway occurs, thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion venting part, sequentially enters the secondary flue gas collecting pipe and the primary flue gas collecting pipe and is discharged out of the shell, so that the thermal runaway flue gas is prevented from being dispersed into the inner cavity of the shell to influence other battery modules, and the safety performance of the battery pack is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the battery field, concretely is a battery package. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a plurality of battery modules (battery module can also be called battery pack) are connected by electricity to make it become a battery package.

[0003] However, each single battery constituting the battery module in the battery package may occur thermal runaway due to mechanical, electrical, thermal abuse and its own defects, and once thermal runaway occurs without effective treatment, it will cause safety accidents and threaten the personal safety of the people around the battery package. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a battery package, mainly solves the problem of safety hazard due to thermal runaway of the existing battery package.

[0005] The utility model provides a battery package, including shell, the first stage smoke gas busbar in the shell and n battery modules arranged in the shell along y direction;

[0006] Each battery module includes secondary smoke gas busbar and m single batteries;M single batteries are arranged along x direction;The secondary smoke gas busbar extends along x direction, covers above m single battery explosion venting part, and the inner chamber of secondary smoke gas busbar is used as thermal runaway smoke gas busbar channel, and is communicated with m single battery explosion venting part;Wherein n, m are all integers greater than 1;

[0007] The thermal runaway smoke gas exhaust port of the secondary smoke gas busbar in n battery modules is communicated with the first stage smoke gas busbar, and the outlet end of the first stage smoke gas busbar extends out of the shell.

[0008] When any single battery constituting the battery module occurs thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke gas bursts through the explosion venting part and enters the secondary smoke gas busbar and the first stage smoke gas busbar in turn, and is discharged from the outlet end of the first stage smoke gas busbar, avoids the thermal runaway smoke gas to diffuse to the inner chamber of the shell, makes the single battery in other battery module to occur thermal runaway by heat, further improves the safety performance of the battery package.

[0009] Further, the utility model forms the first cavity between the first side wall of the shell and each battery module;Wherein the first side wall is the side wall in the shell parallel to yz plane;The first stage smoke gas busbar extends in the first cavity along y direction.

[0010] Further, in the x direction, the size of the secondary flue gas manifold is larger than the battery module, one end of the secondary flue gas manifold extends out of the battery module; the thermal runaway flue gas discharge port of the secondary flue gas manifold is arranged on the first pipe wall of the one end of the secondary flue gas manifold extending out of the battery module, wherein the first pipe wall is parallel to the xy plane and close to the primary flue gas manifold; the thermal runaway flue gas discharge ports of the secondary flue gas manifolds of the n battery modules are respectively communicated with the primary flue gas manifold through n first connecting pipes extending in the z direction.

[0011] The thermal runaway flue gas discharge port of the secondary flue gas manifold is arranged on the first pipe wall of the one end of the secondary flue gas manifold extending out of the battery module, and is communicated with the primary flue gas manifold through the first connecting pipe extending in the z direction, compared with arranging the end part (parallel to the yz plane) of the secondary flue gas manifold as the thermal runaway flue gas discharge port and communicating it with the primary flue gas manifold through an elbow pipe, the size of the first cavity in the x direction can be reduced, the structure of the whole battery pack is compact, the volume is small, and the energy density of the battery pack is high.

[0012] Further, the secondary flue gas manifold comprises a hollow pipe and a connecting part;

[0013] The first pipe wall of the hollow pipe is provided with m first through holes penetrating the inner cavity, the m first through holes are arranged along the length direction of the hollow pipe and correspond to the explosion venting parts of the m single batteries, and the inner cavity of the hollow pipe is communicated with the corresponding explosion venting parts through the m first through holes.

[0014] The connecting part comprises two connecting plates; the two connecting plates are respectively fixed on the two opposite third pipe walls of the hollow pipe and extend along the length direction of the hollow pipe, wherein the third pipe wall is parallel to the xz plane; the structure can be integrally formed by an aluminum extrusion process. The two connecting plates are respectively provided with i second through holes, and the i second through holes are arranged along the length direction of the connecting plate, wherein i is an integer greater than 1; the second through hole is a fixing column (bolt) through hole, and the secondary flue gas manifold is fixed on the top of the battery module based on the bolt fixing mode.

[0015] The battery module further comprises a locking piece and a partition plate; the partition plate is provided with a fixing column at the top end; the fixing column corresponds to the second through hole on the connecting plate;

[0016] The partition plate is clamped and fixed between the adjacent single batteries, the fixing column passes through the corresponding second through hole, and the locking piece is locked on the part where the fixing column passes through the second through hole.

[0017] The spacer plate is used as a fixed position of the secondary flue gas busbar in the battery module, and the secondary flue gas busbar is fixed at the top of the battery module without causing any damage to the structure of each single battery.

[0018] In addition, the spacer plate has elasticity, and when the single battery is deformed due to swelling, the spacer plate is elastically deformed under the extrusion of the single battery, and after the elastic deformation of the spacer plate, the swelling space is provided for the single battery;

[0019] Meanwhile, the heat generated during the charging and discharging process of each single battery can be transmitted to the outside through the spacer plate, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway.

[0020] Further, the battery pack further comprises a liquid inlet busbar and a liquid outlet busbar.

[0021] Each battery module further comprises a heat transfer pipe assembly; the inner cavity of the heat transfer pipe assembly is used as a heat exchange medium flow channel and is fixed on the polarity terminal of the battery module to form a heat exchange channel at the top of the battery module.

[0022] The liquid inlet end of the heat exchange channel in the n battery modules is in communication with the liquid inlet busbar; the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange channel in the n battery modules is in communication with the liquid outlet busbar; the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet busbar and the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet busbar extend out of the shell.

[0023] It is found through research that the temperature at the position of the battery polarity terminal is the highest during the charging and discharging process of the battery, and if the heat at the battery polarity terminal is processed, the battery can be effectively cooled, and the effective temperature control of the battery can be realized. Based on the research, the heat transfer pipe assembly is used to directly exchange heat with the polarity terminal, when the temperature of the battery module is higher than the set threshold, the battery module is cooled by introducing the heat exchange medium with lower temperature into the heat exchange device; when the temperature of the battery module is lower than the set threshold, the battery module is heated by introducing the heat exchange medium with higher temperature into the heat exchange device; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, the battery module can always operate at a normal working temperature, so as to further improve the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0024] Further, the liquid inlet busbar and the liquid outlet busbar extend along the y direction and are located in the first cavity.

[0025] The liquid inlet end of the heat exchange channel in the n battery modules is in communication with the liquid inlet busbar through n second connecting pipes extending along the z direction;

[0026] The liquid outlet end of the heat exchange channel in the n battery modules is in communication with the liquid outlet busbar through n third connecting pipes extending along the z direction.

[0027] The utility model fully utilizes first cavity space, sets up in first cavity with liquid inlet manifold pipe and liquid outlet manifold pipe, simultaneously utilizes second connecting pipe and third connecting pipe along z direction extension with the liquid inlet end and liquid outlet end of heat exchange channel respectively with liquid inlet manifold pipe and liquid outlet manifold pipe intercommunication, pipeline arrangement is neat, and the structure is compact, ensures that this kind of battery pack has higher energy density.

[0028] Further, the battery pack further comprises a flue gas pretreatment device located in the first cavity, and an outlet end of the primary flue gas manifold extends out of the shell through the flue gas pretreatment device. The flue gas pretreatment device of the battery pack pretreats the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the battery pack to avoid the safety hazard caused by the direct discharge of the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0029] Further, the flue gas pretreatment device comprises a fire-fighting device, and the fire-fighting device comprises at least one of a liquid treatment device, a solid treatment device, and a flue gas cooling device.

[0030] The liquid treatment device is mainly used for treating the electrolyte and gas in the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0031] The solid treatment device is mainly used for adsorbing and treating the gas in the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0032] The flue gas cooling device is mainly used for cooling the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0033] Further, the liquid treatment device comprises M liquid treatment tanks, each of which is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, the first liquid treatment tank to the M-1th liquid treatment tank is filled with a liquid treatment medium, and the Mth liquid treatment tank is an empty tank, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0034] When the free electrolyte is sprayed out of the thermal runaway flue gas during the thermal runaway of the single battery, the liquid treatment device effectively treats the electrolyte in the thermal runaway flue gas, and the Mth liquid treatment tank of the liquid treatment device is an empty tank. When the pressure of the thermal runaway flue gas is too high, the empty tank can collect the liquid treatment medium squeezed out of the liquid treatment tank by the high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas, so as to avoid the liquid treatment medium being squeezed into the subsequent device and affecting the device behind.

[0035] Further, the flue gas pretreatment device comprises a buffer device, and the buffer device comprises at least one buffer tank for buffering the thermal runaway flue gas. The buffer device can be used alone or in combination with the fire-fighting device. When used in combination with the fire-fighting device, the buffer device is usually arranged between the primary flue gas manifold and the fire-fighting device.

[0036] The buffer device can buffer the thermal runaway flue gas when used alone, and the thermal runaway flue gas is discharged at a relatively stable flow rate; meanwhile, the buffer device can collect part of the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0037] The buffer device can buffer the thermal runaway flue gas when used in combination with the fire-fighting device, and the thermal runaway flue gas enters the fire-fighting device at a relatively stable flow rate, so that the thermal runaway flue gas is fully treated by the fire-fighting device; meanwhile, the buffer tank can collect part of the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas, so as to reduce the use amount of the liquid treatment medium in the fire-fighting device.

[0038] The utility model discloses beneficial effect is:

[0039] The utility model discloses a battery pack is provided with two-stage flue gas busbar on each battery module, and the thermal runaway flue gas discharge port of each two-stage flue gas busbar is communicated with the first-stage flue gas busbar, and the outlet end of the first-stage flue gas busbar extends out of the shell. When any single battery of the battery module occurs thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion vent and enters the two-stage flue gas busbar and the first-stage flue gas busbar in turn, and is discharged out of the shell from the outlet end of the first-stage flue gas busbar, avoids the thermal runaway flue gas to diffuse to the inner chamber of the shell, makes the single battery in other battery module heat and occurs thermal runaway, further improves the safety performance of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic diagram of the battery pack of example 1;

[0041] Figure 2 It is the explosion drawing of the battery pack of example 1;

[0042] Figure 3 It is the partial structural schematic diagram of the battery pack of example 1;

[0043] Figure 4 It is the connection structure schematic diagram of two-stage flue gas busbar and first-stage flue gas busbar in the battery pack of example 1;

[0044] Figure 5 It is the structural schematic diagram of the first perspective of one two-stage flue gas busbar in example 1;

[0045] Figure 6 It is the structural schematic diagram of the second perspective of one two-stage flue gas busbar in example 1;

[0046] Figure 7 It is the first sectional view of one two-stage flue gas busbar in example 1;

[0047] Figure 8 It is the second sectional view of one two-stage flue gas busbar in example 1;

[0048] Figure 9 Structure diagram of a secondary flue gas manifold in other embodiments;

[0049] Figure 10 Structure diagram of another secondary flue gas manifold in embodiment 1;

[0050] Figure 11 Exploded structure diagram of another secondary flue gas manifold in embodiment 1;

[0051] Figure 12 First sectional view of another secondary flue gas manifold in embodiment 1;

[0052] Figure 13 Second sectional view of another secondary flue gas manifold in embodiment 1;

[0053] Figure 14 Exploded structure diagram of a battery module in embodiment 1;

[0054] Figure 15 Partial structure diagram of a battery module in embodiment 1;

[0055] Figure 16 Structure diagram of a partition plate in embodiment 1;

[0056] Figure 17 Sectional view of a battery module in embodiment 1;

[0057] Figure 18 Structure diagram of a battery module in embodiment 1 from another perspective;

[0058] Figure 19 Structure diagram of a battery module in embodiment 2;

[0059] Figure 20 Exploded structure diagram of a battery module in embodiment 2;

[0060] Figure 21 Exploded structure diagram of a battery pack in embodiment 2;

[0061] Figure 22 Partial structure diagram of a battery pack in embodiment 2;

[0062] Figure 23 Structure diagram of connection of each heat pipe assembly with the liquid inlet manifold and the liquid outlet manifold in embodiment 2;

[0063] Figure 24 Exploded structure diagram of a battery pack in embodiment 3;

[0064] Figure 25 Partial structure diagram of a battery pack in embodiment 3;

[0065] Figure 26 Figure 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the secondary flue gas manifold, the primary flue gas manifold and the flue gas pretreatment device in Example 3.

[0066] In the figure, the reference signs are:

[0067] 1, housing; 11, first side wall; 12, first cavity; 2, primary flue gas manifold; 3, battery module; 31, secondary flue gas manifold; 311, thermal runaway flue gas discharge port; 312, hollow pipe; 313, connecting part; 314, first through hole; 315, second through hole; 316, first pipe wall; 317, third pipe wall; 318, flexible bottom plate; 319, third through hole; 320, fourth through hole; 32, single battery; 33, locking piece; 34, partition plate; 35, fixing column; 36, partition plate main body; 37, limiting plate; 38, polarity terminal; 39, explosion relief part; 4, first connecting pipe; 5, flue gas pretreatment device; 6, liquid inlet manifold; 61, liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet manifold; 7, liquid outlet manifold; 71, liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet manifold; 8, heat transfer pipe assembly; 81, first sub hollow member; 82, second sub hollow member; 83, metal conductive and heat-conductive layer; 9, second connecting pipe; 90, third connecting pipe; 10, pole adapter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more apparent and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0069] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0070] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship of the terms "top, bottom, etc." is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first, second, etc." are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0071] The utility model provides a kind of battery pack, including shell, primary flue gas busbar and n battery module (battery module can also be called battery group);

[0072] N battery module is arranged in the shell inner chamber along the same direction, in order to facilitate description, the utility model defines the arrangement direction of battery module as y direction;Each battery module includes m single battery arranged along the same direction, and the arrangement direction of single battery is defined as x direction in the utility model;The height direction of single battery is defined as z direction.N, m are all integers greater than 1.

[0073] In the utility model, each battery module further includes secondary flue gas busbar;Secondary flue gas busbar extends along x direction, covers on the m single battery explosion venting part upper, and the inner chamber of secondary flue gas busbar is as heat runaway flue gas busbar channel, and is communicated with m single battery explosion venting part.

[0074] The heat runaway flue gas discharge port of the secondary flue gas busbar of n battery module is communicated with primary flue gas busbar, and the outlet end of primary flue gas busbar extends out of shell.

[0075] When any single battery of constituting battery module occurs heat runaway, heat runaway flue gas breaks through explosion venting part and enters secondary flue gas busbar and primary flue gas busbar in turn, and is discharged from the outlet end of primary flue gas busbar and avoids heat runaway flue gas diffusion to the rest of battery module in shell inner chamber to cause influence, further improves the safety performance of battery pack.

[0076] It should be noted that:

[0077] 1, wherein single battery explosion venting part can also be called single battery explosion-proof part, pressure relief port, explosion-proof port and the like, mainly used for the discharge of single battery heat runaway flue gas.

[0078] 2, the "outlet end of primary flue gas busbar extends out of shell" in the above "extends out" can be directly extended, can also be indirectly extended;When it is indirectly extended, the battery pack shell is also provided with flue gas pretreatment equipment, and the outlet end of primary flue gas busbar is connected with flue gas pretreatment equipment, and the outlet end of flue gas pretreatment equipment extends out of shell.

[0079] The utility model is described in detail in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0080] Embodiment 1

[0081] As shown in Figure 1 And Figure 2 The utility model provides a kind of battery pack, including shell 1, shell 1 is provided with primary flue gas busbar 2 and 4 battery module 3;In some other embodiments, the number of battery module 3 can be adjusted according to actual demand.

[0082] A rectangular shell 1 is generally adopted, the length direction of the shell 1 is the x direction, the width direction of the shell 1 is the y direction, and the height direction of the shell 1 is the z direction.

[0083] The four battery modules 3 in the embodiment are arranged in the shell 1 along the y direction; in combination with Figure 3 It can be seen that each battery module 3 in the embodiment includes 13 single batteries 32 arranged along the x direction.

[0084] The single battery 32 in the embodiment is a square shell battery, and in other embodiments, the number and form of the single battery 32 can be adjusted according to actual needs. Two polarity terminals 38 with opposite polarities and a pressure relief part 39 located between the two polarity terminals 38 are arranged on the upper cover plate of each single battery 32 (the pressure relief part 39 can be seen from Figure 17 ).

[0085] It should be noted that the above-mentioned polarity terminal 38 can be a single battery 32 pole, and if the height of the single battery 32 pole does not meet the set requirements, a pole adapter 10 can also be connected to the single battery 32 pole, and the overall structure of the single battery 32 pole and the pole adapter 10 is used as the single battery 32 polarity terminal 38.

[0086] A secondary smoke confluence pipe 31 is arranged at the top of the battery module 3, the secondary smoke confluence pipe 31 extends along the x direction, covers the pressure relief parts 39 of the 13 single batteries 32, and the inner cavity of the secondary smoke confluence pipe 31 serves as a heat runaway smoke confluence channel and communicates with the pressure relief parts 39 of the 13 single batteries 32.

[0087] The primary smoke confluence pipe 2 is used to confluence and discharge the heat runaway smoke of the four battery modules 3 out of the shell 1, specifically, in the embodiment, a certain space is reserved between the first side wall 11 (wherein the first side wall 11 is parallel to the yz plane) of the shell 1 and the four battery modules 3, as a containing space of the primary smoke confluence pipe 2, in order to facilitate description, in the embodiment, the space is defined as a first cavity 12; in combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the primary smoke confluence pipe 2 in the embodiment extends in the y direction and is located in the first cavity 12, and the heat runaway smoke discharge ports 311 of the secondary smoke confluence pipes 31 of the four battery modules 3 all communicate with the primary smoke confluence pipe 2.

[0088] It can be seen from Figure 3 that the size of the secondary smoke confluence pipe 31 of each battery module 3 in the embodiment in the x direction is greater than that of the battery module 3, that is, one end of the secondary smoke confluence pipe 31 of each battery module 3 extends out of the battery module 3 and is located in the first cavity 12; in order to save space and facilitate installation, in combination with Figure 4As can be seen, the thermal runaway smoke exhaust port 311 of the secondary smoke manifold 31 is arranged on the first pipe wall 316 extending out of one end of the battery module 3, wherein the first pipe wall 316 is parallel to the xy plane and is the pipe wall close to the primary smoke manifold 2; the thermal runaway smoke exhaust port 311 is communicated with the primary smoke manifold 2 through the first connecting pipe 4 extending along the z direction.

[0089] In other embodiments, the end of the secondary smoke manifold (parallel to the yz plane) can be used as a thermal runaway smoke exhaust port, and a bent pipe is used to communicate it with the primary smoke manifold; however, compared with the present embodiment, it requires the first cavity to have a large size in the x direction, so that the volume of the entire battery pack is large, thereby reducing the energy density of such battery pack.

[0090] When any single battery 32 constituting the battery module 3 undergoes thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke bursts through the explosion vent 39 and enters the secondary smoke manifold 31 and the primary smoke manifold 2 in turn, and is discharged from the outlet end of the primary smoke manifold 2 to the outside of the shell 1, avoiding the influence of the thermal runaway smoke diffused into the inner cavity of the shell 1 on the remaining battery modules 3, and further improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0091] The inner cavity of the secondary smoke manifold 31 as a thermal runaway smoke manifold channel is particularly important in terms of sealing between the battery module 3, and the present embodiment optimizes the structure of the secondary smoke manifold 31 and the fixing mode between the secondary smoke manifold 31 and the battery module 3 to improve the sealing therebetween and avoid the diffusion of thermal runaway smoke from the connection position therebetween to the inner cavity of the shell 1.

[0092] The structure of the secondary smoke manifold 31 and the fixing mode between the secondary smoke manifold 31 and the battery module 3 are mainly introduced below.

[0093] The structure of the secondary smoke manifold 31 is shown in Figures 5 to 8 and includes a hollow pipe 312 and a connecting portion 313.

[0094] The hollow pipe 312 can be understood as a hollow tubular structure, which can be a split structure or an integral structure. In order to facilitate the fixation of the hollow pipe 312 on the top of the battery module, the pipe wall of the hollow pipe 312 in contact with the top of the battery module is flat. Usually, in order to facilitate processing, the hollow pipe 312 is directly selected as a rectangular pipe, and the rectangular pipe is mainly described below. In order to facilitate description, in the present embodiment, the pipe wall of the hollow pipe 312 in contact with the top of the battery module is defined as the first pipe wall 316, the pipe wall parallel thereto is defined as the second pipe wall, and the remaining two pipe walls are defined as the third pipe wall 317.

[0095] The first embodiment is provided with 13 first through holes 314 on the first pipe wall 316; the 13 first through holes 314 are arranged along the length direction of the hollow pipe 312; each first through hole 314 corresponds to a venting part 39 on the upper cover plate of a single battery 32; the inner cavity of the hollow pipe 312 is in communication with the 13 venting parts 39 of the 13 single batteries 32 through the 13 first through holes 314 respectively.

[0096] In order to reduce the precision requirement between each first through hole 314 and the corresponding venting part 39 during the installation process, the orthographic projection of each first through hole 314 on the upper cover plate of the single battery 32 where the corresponding venting part 39 is located completely covers the venting part 39; during the installation process, it is not required that the first through hole 314 is concentric with the venting part 39, but only needs to ensure that the first through hole 314 covers the venting part 39.

[0097] Meanwhile, before the installation of the secondary flue gas collecting pipe 31, positioning marks can be set on the upper cover plate and the secondary flue gas collecting pipe 31 according to the designed size, so that each first through hole 314 can accurately cover the corresponding venting part 39.

[0098] In other embodiments, a long strip-shaped through hole or through groove can be formed on the first pipe wall 316 of the hollow pipe 312, which completely covers all the venting parts 39 of the single batteries 32 in the orthographic projection at the top of the battery module 3; compared with the first embodiment, the processing and installation are relatively simple, but the sealing performance between the long strip-shaped through hole or through groove and each venting part 39 is difficult to guarantee, and the problem of flue gas leakage is prone to occur.

[0099] From Figures 5 to 8 It can be seen that the first embodiment adopts two connecting plates as the connecting part 313, and the two connecting plates are respectively fixed on the two third pipe walls 317 of the hollow pipe 312 and extend along the length direction of the hollow pipe 312.

[0100] It should be noted that:

[0101] 1. The length of the connecting plate is not limited in the first embodiment, and the length thereof can be equal to or less than the length of the hollow pipe 312.

[0102] 2. In order to improve the sealing performance between the secondary flue gas collecting pipe 31 and the upper cover plate of each single battery 32 and avoid flue gas leakage therebetween, the bottom surface of the two connecting plates is preferably located in the same plane as the first pipe wall 316 of the hollow pipe 312.

[0103] In the first embodiment, the hollow pipe 312 and the two connecting plates are an integral piece, which are integrally formed by aluminum extrusion process.

[0104] In some other embodiments, the hollow pipe 312 and the two connecting plates can be separate parts, and are fixed and connected by welding.

[0105] In some other embodiments, a plurality of sub-connection plates as shown in Figure 9 may be used as the connecting part 313; the plurality of sub-connection plates are fixed on the third wall 317 of the hollow pipe 312 and are arranged along the length direction of the third wall 317.

[0106] In this embodiment, the two-stage flue gas collecting pipe 31 is fixed on the top of the battery module 3 by the connecting plates through the bolt fixing mode. As can be seen from Figures 5 to 7 , five second through holes 315 are arranged along the length direction of each connecting plate in this embodiment, which are used as bolt through holes.

[0107] In some other embodiments, the number and position of the second through holes 315 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0108] In addition, in some other embodiments, the second through holes 315 can not be provided on the connecting plates, and the connecting plates are fixed on the top of the battery module 3 by welding, screw connection or adhesion.

[0109] Preferably, the two-stage flue gas collecting pipe 31 can further include a flexible bottom plate 318, which has a structure as shown in Figures 10 to 13 .

[0110] The flexible bottom plate 318 is arranged between the hollow pipe 312 and the connecting plates and the top of the battery module 3 (here, the top of the battery module 3 can be understood as the cover plate of each single battery 32).

[0111] A third through hole 319 is provided on the flexible bottom plate 318 and corresponds to and penetrates through the first through hole 314 on the hollow pipe 312, and Figure 11 as can be seen from, 13 third through holes 319 are provided on the flexible bottom plate 318 in this embodiment, each of which corresponds to and penetrates through one first through hole 314 on the hollow pipe 312. At the same time, when the second through holes 315 are provided on the connecting plates, a plurality of fourth through holes 320 are also provided on the flexible bottom plate, each of which corresponds to and penetrates through the second through hole 315 on the two connecting plates.

[0112] The flexible bottom plate 318 is usually made of high-temperature-resistant rubber or plastic, and the high temperature here usually refers to the battery thermal runaway temperature.

[0113] The flexible bottom plate 318 can be sealed and fixed on the cover plate of each single battery 32 by adhesion.

[0114] In the embodiment, when the size of each single battery 32 in the height direction is different due to machining errors, if the lower cover plates of each single battery 32 are located on the same plane, the upper cover plates of each single battery 32 cannot be kept on the same plane. In this case, the height difference between the upper cover plates can be compensated by the deformation of the flexible bottom plate 318 and the adjustment of the thickness of the adhesive layer. Therefore, the flatness requirement of each upper cover plate, i.e., each explosion venting part 39, is relatively low. In addition, the flexible bottom plate 318 is arranged between the upper cover plate of the single battery 32 and the hollow pipe 312, which can be used as a sealing gasket to improve the sealing between the hollow pipe 312 and the upper cover plate.

[0115] As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15 , the embodiment is provided with a partition plate 34 between any two adjacent single batteries 32, wherein the number of the partition plate 34 is the same as the number of the second through holes 315 on each connecting plate.

[0116] The structure of the partition plate 34 is shown in Figure 16 . As can be seen from the figure, the partition plate 34 of the embodiment includes a partition plate body 36, two fixing columns 35 arranged at the top end of the partition plate body 36 (the fixing columns 35 in the embodiment can be understood as bolts), and two limiting plates 37 arranged at the bottom end of the partition plate body 36. In other embodiments, the number of fixing columns 35 and the number of limiting plates 37 can be adjusted according to actual needs; the two fixing columns 35 extend along the z direction and are arranged along the y direction; the two fixing columns 35 correspond to the two second through holes 315 on the two connecting plates located on the same straight line and the two fourth through holes 320 on the flexible bottom plate 318 corresponding to the above-mentioned two second through holes 315; the two limiting plates 37 are perpendicular to the partition plate body 36 and parallel to the xy plane, and the two limiting plates 37 extend to different sides of the partition plate body 36.

[0117] In combination with Figure 15 ( Figure 15 , in order to display the partition plate 34, the outermost single battery 32 is removed), Figure 17 and Figure 18 , it can be seen that the above-mentioned partition plate 34 is fixed between two adjacent single batteries 32, the partition plate body 36 is in contact with the large surface of the adjacent single battery 32, the two limiting plates 37 are limited on the lower cover plates of the two single batteries 32, the two fixing columns 35 pass through the corresponding fourth through holes 320 and second through holes 315, and the locking member 33 is arranged at the top end of the fixing column 35. It should be noted that when the fixing column 35 is a bolt, the locking member 33 described here is a nut matched with it.

[0118] In the embodiment, the secondary flue gas collecting pipe 31 can be connected with the battery module 3 through the following process, which can be referred to in Figure 14 :

[0119] Firstly, the partition plate 34 is fixed between the adjacent single batteries 32, and the two limiting plates 37 are limited on the lower cover plates of different single batteries 32;

[0120] Secondly, the flexible bottom plate 318 is bonded on the upper cover plate of each single battery 32 by using the sealant, so that the projection of each third through hole 319 completely covers the corresponding explosion venting part 39, and the fixing column 35 on the partition plate 34 passes through the corresponding fourth through hole 320; in order to improve the bonding strength of the flexible bottom plate 318 and the upper cover plate of the single battery 32, the size of the flexible bottom plate 318 can be increased to increase the contact area of the flexible bottom plate 318 and the upper cover plate, that is, the length of the flexible bottom plate 318 is greater than or equal to the length of the hollow pipe 312, and the width of the flexible bottom plate 318 is greater than the sum of the widths of the hollow pipe 312 and the two connecting plates. In addition, the surface of the flexible bottom plate 318 can be treated to improve the bonding strength.

[0121] Secondly, the hollow pipe 312 provided with the connecting plate is fixed on the flexible bottom plate 318, and the fixing column 35 on the partition plate 34 passes through the corresponding second through hole 315; the sealant can be coated at the contact part of the first pipe wall 316 of the hollow pipe 312 and the flexible bottom plate 318 and the contact part of the connecting plate and the flexible bottom plate 318, so that the hollow pipe 312 and the connecting plate are bonded on the flexible bottom plate 318.

[0122] Finally, the nut is tightened on the fixing column 35, the fixing column 35 generates an axial tension, and under the limiting action of the limiting plate 37, the explosion venting pipe assembly and the battery module 3 are tightly attached together at the top of the battery module 3.

[0123] In the embodiment, the partition plate 34 has at least the following advantages:

[0124] Firstly, as the fixed part of the battery module 3 and the explosion venting manifold, the explosion venting manifold is fixed on the top of the battery module 3 without causing any damage to the structure of each single battery 32;

[0125] Secondly, the partition plate 34 has a certain elasticity, when the single battery 32 is deformed by bulging, the partition plate 34 is elastically deformed by being extruded by the single battery 32, and after the elastic deformation of the partition plate 34, the expansion space can be provided for the expansion of the single battery 32;

[0126] Thirdly, the heat generated in the charging and discharging process of each single battery 32 can be transmitted to the outside through the partition plate 34, so as to reduce the risk of thermal runaway.

[0127] In the embodiment, an insulating layer can be arranged on the outer wall of the hollow pipe 312 and the connecting plate to prevent the hollow pipe 312, the connecting plate and the polarity terminal 38 from being in contact to cause short circuit.

[0128] In some other embodiments, when the first through hole 314 is not formed on the connecting plate, the connecting plate can be welded with the partition plate 34 and the fixing column 35, and then the secondary flue gas manifold 31 is fixed on the top of the battery module 3.

[0129] In some other embodiments, the battery module 3 can not be provided with the partition plate 34, and the connecting plate can be directly welded with the upper cover plate of each single battery 32. However, compared with the present embodiment, the welding process has a certain influence on the single battery 32, which may damage the single battery 32 and reduce the yield.

[0130] In some other embodiments, the limiting plate 37 can also not be arranged on the partition plate 34, and the main body 36 of the partition plate and the large surface of the single battery 32 can be fixed by adhesion, and the partition plate 34 can be limited in the z direction to achieve the function of the limiting plate 37.

[0131] The present embodiment does not need to make large adjustment to the existing battery pack structure. In the field, the secondary flue gas manifold 31 is installed on each battery module by the above installation method, and then the secondary flue gas manifold 31 is connected with the primary flue gas manifold 2 through the first connecting pipe. When any single battery constituting the battery module occurs thermal runaway, the thermal runaway flue gas breaks through the explosion vent and enters the secondary flue gas manifold and the primary flue gas manifold in turn, and is discharged from the outlet end of the primary flue gas manifold to the outside of the shell, avoiding the influence of the thermal runaway flue gas diffused into the inner cavity of the shell on the remaining battery modules, and further improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0132] In addition, in the present embodiment, the primary flue gas manifold 2 is arranged in the first cavity 12, and the thermal runaway flue gas discharge port of the secondary flue gas manifold is arranged on the first pipe wall of the end of the secondary flue gas manifold extending out of the battery module, and the first connecting pipe extending in the z direction is used to connect the primary flue gas manifold. Compared with the end of the secondary flue gas manifold (parallel to the yz plane) as the thermal runaway flue gas discharge port and the elbow pipe used to connect the primary flue gas manifold, the size of the first cavity in the x direction can be reduced, the structure of the entire battery pack is compact, the volume is small, and then the energy density of such battery pack is ensured to be high.

[0133] Embodiment 2

[0134] The present embodiment is also a battery pack. Different from the embodiment 1, the present embodiment adds a heat exchange device on each battery module 3 to form a heat exchange channel on the top of the battery module 3, and adds a liquid inlet manifold 6 and a liquid outlet manifold 7 on the battery pack; the liquid inlet end of the heat exchange channel of each battery module 3 is in communication with the liquid inlet manifold 6; the liquid outlet end of the heat exchange channel of each battery module 3 is in communication with the liquid outlet manifold 7; the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet manifold 6 and the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet manifold 7 extend out of the shell 1.

[0135] The heat exchange here can be understood as heat dissipation or heating; when the temperature of the battery module 3 is higher than the set threshold, the battery module 3 is cooled by introducing a lower-temperature heat exchange medium into the heat exchange device; when the temperature of the battery module 3 is lower than the set threshold, the battery module 3 is heated by introducing a higher-temperature heat exchange medium into the heat exchange device; by controlling the temperature of the heat exchange medium, the battery module 3 can always operate at a normal working temperature, further improving the safety performance of such a battery pack.

[0136] The structure of the battery module 3 in the embodiment is as shown in Figure 19 and Figure 20 The heat exchange device in the embodiment includes a heat transfer pipe assembly 8 fixed on each polarity terminal 38.

[0137] In addition, the polarity terminal 38 in the embodiment is an overall structure matched with the pole post of the single battery 32 and the pole post adapter 10; a blind hole can be formed on the pole post adapter 10 in the height direction of the pole post adapter 10, and the bottom of the blind hole and the pole post of the single battery 32 are welded. A through slot is formed on each pole post adapter 10, and the heat transfer pipe assembly 8 is clamped in the through slot. The inner cavity of the heat transfer pipe assembly 8 is used as a heat exchange medium flow passage, and the heat exchange of each single battery 32 pole post is realized based on the heat exchange medium, thereby realizing the heat exchange of each single battery 32 and the battery module 3.

[0138] In other embodiments, when the single battery pole post meets the height requirement, a through slot can be directly formed on it, and the heat transfer pipe assembly 8 is clamped in the through slot.

[0139] Preferably, the heat transfer pipe assembly 8 in the embodiment can also be used as an electrical connector to realize the electrical connection of each single battery 32, and the embodiment takes series connection as an example.

[0140] As can be seen from Figure 19 and Figure 20 The heat transfer pipe assembly 8 in the embodiment is a spliced pipe segment, which is spliced by a plurality of first sub-hollow members 81 and a plurality of second sub-hollow members 82; since the heat transfer pipe assembly 8 in the embodiment is used as an electrical connector, the part connected with the pole post adapter 10 must be a conductive member, and an insulating member also needs to be arranged between the conductive members to prevent short circuit of the single battery 32.

[0141] The first sub-hollow member 81 in the embodiment is used as a conductive member, which is usually made of metal materials such as aluminum, copper and the like; the second sub-hollow member 82 is used as an insulating member, which is usually made of plastic or rubber materials with good heat conductivity; each first sub-hollow member 81 is connected to the pole post adapters 10 of different polarity of adjacent two single batteries 32, and each second sub-hollow member 82 is connected between adjacent first sub-hollow members 81.

[0142] After the series connection of each single battery 32 is completed by the first sub hollow member 81 and the second sub hollow member 82, two heat exchange channels are formed on the top of each single battery 32, and the two heat exchange channels are connected in series through insulated external pipes. In other embodiments, the two heat exchange channels can be connected in parallel.

[0143] In order to further improve the heat dissipation performance of the heat pipe assembly 8, the first sub hollow member 81 and / or the second sub hollow member 82 can be provided with heat dissipation fins. A plurality of heat dissipation fins are arranged circumferentially along the first sub hollow member 81 and / or the second sub hollow member 82, and each heat dissipation fin extends axially along the first sub hollow member 81 and / or the second sub hollow member 82.

[0144] In addition, in order to optimize the electrical conductivity of the first sub hollow member 81, a metal conductive and heat conductive layer 83 is additionally arranged between the first sub hollow member 81 and the through slot. The metal conductive and heat conductive layer 83 is usually made of metal materials with good electrical conductivity and heat conductivity, such as solder material. The solder material can be melted and poured between the first sub hollow member 81 and the through slot, and a solder layer is formed between the first sub hollow member 81 and the through slot after cooling.

[0145] When the gap between the first sub hollow member 81 and the through slot is too small, it is difficult for the tin liquid to flow into the gap. In order to overcome this problem, a tin sheet can be wrapped on the first sub hollow member 81 in advance, and then inserted into the through slot for heating. The tin sheet is melted to weld the first sub hollow member 81 and the through slot. The above two methods can also be used in combination. The tin sheet is wrapped on the first sub hollow member 81, and then inserted into the through slot. Then the solder material is melted and poured between the first sub hollow member 81 and the through slot. After heating again, the tin sheet is melted, and the first sub hollow member 81 and the through slot are welded after cooling.

[0146] By arranging the metal conductive and heat conductive layer 83, the bonding strength and heat conductivity between the first sub hollow member 81 and the pole adapter 10 can be further improved.

[0147] The structure of the battery pack of the present embodiment is shown in Figures 21 to 23 The liquid inlet manifold 6 and the liquid outlet manifold 7 both extend along the y direction and are located in the first cavity 12. The liquid inlet ends of the heat exchange channels in the four battery modules 3 are connected to the liquid inlet manifold 6 through four second connecting pipes 9 extending along the z direction. The liquid outlet ends of the heat exchange channels in the four battery modules 3 are connected to the liquid outlet manifold 7 through four third connecting pipes 90 extending along the z direction.

[0148] As shown in Figure 23As shown, the embodiment utilizes the partial structure of the bottom liquid cooling plate in the existing battery pack as the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet manifold 6 and the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet manifold 7. In other embodiments, the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet manifold 6 and the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet manifold 7 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0149] In addition, in other embodiments, the liquid inlet manifold 6 and the liquid outlet manifold 7 can be utilized by the partial structure of the bottom liquid cooling plate in the existing battery pack, but the connection mode with the heat pipe assembly 8 is more complex than in the present embodiment.

[0150] The first-stage flue gas manifold 2, the liquid inlet manifold 6, and the liquid outlet manifold 7 are all arranged in the first cavity 12 in the present embodiment, so the overall pipeline arrangement is simple and convenient, and the structure is compact, allowing the entire battery pack to have a high energy density.

[0151] In addition, the present embodiment does not require major adjustments to the structure of the existing battery pack. In the field, the second-stage flue gas manifold 31, the first-stage flue gas manifold 2, the pole adapter 10, and the heat pipe assembly 8 can be installed on the existing battery pack by using the installation methods described in Embodiment 1 and the present embodiment, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery pack.

[0152] Embodiment 3

[0153] As Figures 24 to 26 the present embodiment is also a battery pack. Unlike the above embodiments, the present embodiment adds a flue gas pretreatment device 5 to the first-stage flue gas manifold 2 that extends out of the shell 1 through the flue gas pretreatment device 5.

[0154] Figures 24 to 26 For example, the flue gas pretreatment device 5 is added to the battery pack in Embodiment 2.

[0155] The flue gas pretreatment device 5 is mainly used for pretreating the thermal runaway flue gas. The pretreated thermal runaway flue gas is discharged from the shell 1 through the discharge port of the flue gas pretreatment device 5.

[0156] The structure of the flue gas pretreatment device 5 is described in detail below.

[0157] The flue gas pretreatment device 5 in the present embodiment includes a fire-fighting device, which includes a liquid treatment device. The liquid treatment device is mainly used for fully treating the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway flue gas of the battery module 3, so as to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose to produce flammable gas, thereby reducing the content of flammable substances (electrolyte and flammable gas) in the thermal runaway flue gas.

[0158] The liquid treatment device in the embodiment includes M liquid treatment tanks filled with liquid treatment medium. The number of liquid treatment tanks can be set according to the number and requirements of the battery modules 3 in the battery pack. If there are multiple liquid treatment tanks, the multiple liquid treatment tanks can be connected in series through connecting pipelines. The shape of the liquid treatment tank is not limited, which can be a rectangular tank, a circular tank, an oval tank, etc. Preferably, a circular tank is adopted, which has good pressure-bearing performance.

[0159] The above M liquid treatment tanks can all be filled with liquid treatment medium. During filling, the liquid treatment medium is filled to about 2 / 3 of the inner cavity of the liquid treatment tank to avoid the liquid treatment medium in the previous liquid treatment tank being squeezed into the next liquid treatment tank, resulting in poor treatment effect.

[0160] In actual use, the pressure of the thermal runaway smoke of the battery module 3 during initial explosion relief is too large, and the liquid treatment medium in the last liquid treatment tank can be squeezed out of the liquid treatment tank by the thermal runaway smoke. Based on this, the last liquid treatment tank can be set as an empty tank. For example, the liquid treatment device includes 9 liquid treatment tanks, wherein the first to eighth liquid treatment tanks are filled with liquid treatment medium, and the ninth liquid treatment tank is an empty tank. When the pressure of the thermal runaway smoke discharged by the battery module 3 is too large, the empty tank can collect the liquid treatment medium squeezed out by the high-pressure thermal runaway smoke, avoid the liquid treatment medium being squeezed out of the liquid treatment tank, and improve the safety of the liquid treatment device in use.

[0161] The above liquid treatment medium is mainly used for fully treating the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway smoke to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose to produce flammable gas, thereby reducing the content of flammable substances (electrolyte and flammable gas) in the thermal runaway smoke. The liquid treatment medium can specifically use the following substances:

[0162] First, the liquid treatment medium can be an organic solvent. According to the principle of similar dissolves similar, the organic solvent can fully treat the electrolyte carried in the thermal runaway smoke, and also can prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose. The organic solvent is specifically an ester solvent, an alcohol solvent or an aldehyde solvent. The ester solvent can be specifically diethyl phthalate solvent, methyl salicylate solvent, ethyl acetate solvent or butyl acetate solvent, etc. The alcohol solvent can be specifically benzyl alcohol solvent, isoamyl alcohol solvent, isobutyl alcohol solvent, isopropyl alcohol solvent, iso-octanol solvent, n-propanol solvent or cyclohexanol solvent, etc. The aldehyde solvent is benzaldehyde solvent, heptanal, phenylpropyl aldehyde or methyl non-ethyl aldehyde, etc.

[0163] The second liquid treatment medium is an alkali solution, which can be a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, a barium hydroxide aqueous solution, or the like. The alkali solution can react with the carbonic acid ester in the electrolyte solution, thereby preventing the vaporized electrolyte solution from continuing to produce harmful gas and treating the thermal runaway smoke at the source. Meanwhile, the alkali solution can cool the thermal runaway smoke and fully dissolve the electrolyte vapor in the thermal runaway smoke in the alkali solution. In addition, the alkali solution has a good treatment effect on acidic substances such as CO2, POF3, and HF, thereby achieving effective treatment of the thermal runaway smoke.

[0164] In the above two liquid treatment media, the alkali solution not only treats the electrolyte in the thermal runaway smoke and prevents the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose, but also treats part of the gas. The amount of gas in the thermal runaway smoke treated by the alkali solution is greatly reduced, and therefore, the alkali solution has a better treatment effect than the organic solvent.

[0165] For the alkali solution, the greater the concentration, the better the treatment effect on the thermal runaway smoke. However, the inventors have found that a low-concentration alkali solution has a better treatment effect than a high-concentration alkali solution, especially an alkali solution with a concentration of 0.05-0.5 mol / L. When the thermal runaway smoke passes through the alkali solution with this concentration, the amount of collected gas is the smallest, and the treatment effect is better than that of an alkali solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L or more. Therefore, when the alkali solution is used to treat the thermal runaway smoke, the prejudice of the prior art is overcome, and a low-concentration alkali solution is used to treat the thermal runaway smoke, so that the alkali solution can effectively treat the thermal runaway smoke.

[0166] The fire-fighting equipment of this embodiment can further include a solid treatment device. As known from the above, an alkali solution with a certain concentration can effectively treat the thermal runaway smoke, so that the volume of the treated thermal runaway smoke is greatly reduced. On this basis, a solid treatment device can be used to treat the remaining gas.

[0167] The solid treatment device is arranged at the rear end of the liquid treatment device and is used to treat the thermal runaway smoke treated by the liquid treatment device. The solid treatment device includes at least one solid treatment tank. The number of solid treatment tanks can be set according to the number and requirements of the battery modules 3 in the energy storage device. If there are a plurality of solid treatment tanks, the plurality of solid treatment tanks can be arranged in series. In this case, the smoke inlet of the first solid treatment tank is connected to the smoke outlet of the last liquid treatment tank in the liquid treatment device. The solid treatment tank has a structure similar to that of the liquid treatment tank and is filled with a solid adsorption medium, which is used to treat the thermal runaway smoke treated by the liquid treatment tank.

[0168] The solid adsorption medium in the solid treatment tank can be activated carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, graphite, alumina, montmorillonite, silicate, phosphate or porous glass, etc., which is used to treat the residual gas after the liquid treatment tank, for example, to adsorb excess H2, CO, methane, ethylene, etc. Preferably, the solid adsorption medium is activated carbon which is relatively low in cost and relatively excellent in treatment effect, and generally, activated carbon with high iodine value or modified activated carbon is selected, which is easy to adsorb small molecular weight gas in thermal runaway smoke, for example, easy to react with hydrogen, methane, etc.

[0169] It is found through experiments that the NaOH solution and activated carbon (No. 1 filter tank P-B-3 activated carbon) have good effect on treating the thermal runaway smoke of the battery thermal runaway. After multiple experiments, it is found that the thermal runaway smoke of the full 32650 battery after thermal runaway is first treated by 1500 mL of 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution, and then adsorbed by 270 g of activated carbon, and the volume of the collected gas is 0.3-0.5 L, and the collected gas is not flammable.

[0170] In this embodiment, the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery module 3 is introduced into the liquid treatment tank for treatment. The liquid treatment tank is used to treat the electrolyte and part of the gas carried by the battery thermal runaway smoke, to prevent the vaporized electrolyte from continuing to decompose and generate gas, thereby reducing the gas production of the battery thermal runaway gas. The subsequent solid treatment tank uses less solid adsorption medium to complete the treatment of the thermal runaway smoke, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0171] In some embodiments, the fire-fighting equipment can only include a solid treatment device, and the thermal runaway smoke generated by the battery module 3 is directly delivered to the solid treatment device through the smoke converging pipe for treatment.

[0172] The fire-fighting equipment of this embodiment can also include a smoke cooling device, which is mainly used for cooling treatment of the thermal runaway smoke.

[0173] The smoke pre-treatment equipment 5 of this embodiment can also include a buffer device (the buffer device here can be a buffer tank), which is arranged between the first smoke converging pipe 2 and the fire-fighting equipment, and buffers the thermal runaway smoke entering the fire-fighting equipment.

[0174] The buffer device in this embodiment mainly has the following functions:

[0175] First, buffer the thermal runaway smoke;

[0176] The buffer tank is arranged in front of the fire-fighting equipment, buffers the thermal runaway smoke, slows down the speed of the thermal runaway smoke, and reduces the pressure of the thermal runaway smoke, so that the thermal runaway smoke enters the fire-fighting equipment at a relatively stable flow rate, and the thermal runaway smoke is treated more fully;

[0177] Second, the electrolyte in the thermal runaway smoke is collected;

[0178] The free electrolyte may be sprayed out with the thermal runaway smoke when the battery module 3 is in thermal runaway, and the buffer tank is arranged in front of the liquid treatment device. The buffer tank buffers the thermal runaway smoke and separates the gas and liquid of the thermal runaway smoke at the same time, so that the electrolyte carried by the thermal runaway smoke is collected in the buffer tank, and the use amount of the liquid treatment medium in the subsequent liquid treatment device can be reduced.

[0179] Third, the thermal runaway smoke is removed;

[0180] When the battery module 3 is in thermal runaway, the temperature inside each single battery 32 is about 140℃-850℃. At this temperature, the diaphragm, plastic film, plastic parts and other easy-to-melt parts inside the single battery 32 are melted by high temperature. The above molten substances are sprayed out from the battery cavity along with the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway smoke, and flow through the primary smoke collecting pipe 2 to the rear smoke pretreatment equipment 5. As the temperature of the thermal runaway smoke decreases, the molten substances gradually solidify and block the pipeline in the smoke pretreatment equipment 5. At this time, after the buffer tank is added, the molten substances and other impurities discharged from the thermal runaway smoke are deposited and collected in the buffer tank when the thermal runaway smoke is buffered in the buffer tank, avoiding the blockage problem of the subsequent pipeline.

[0181] Fourth, the backflushed liquid treatment medium is collected;

[0182] When the battery module 3 is in thermal runaway, the thermal runaway smoke sprayed instantaneously has high pressure. The high-pressure thermal runaway smoke enters the liquid treatment tank through the primary smoke collecting pipe 2. Since the liquid treatment tank is filled with liquid treatment medium, the thermal runaway smoke cannot be discharged from the liquid treatment tank in time, and the pressure in the liquid treatment tank is increased. At this time, the following phenomena may occur: the liquid treatment medium in the liquid treatment tank is backflushed to the primary smoke collecting pipe 2 by the high-pressure gas in the liquid treatment tank, the primary smoke collecting pipe 2 is blocked, and the subsequent generated thermal runaway smoke cannot be smoothly discharged to the liquid treatment tank through the primary smoke collecting pipe 2. The buffer tank is arranged in front of the liquid treatment tank, and when the liquid treatment medium in the liquid treatment tank is backflushed, the liquid treatment medium is collected in the front buffer tank and does not flow into the primary smoke collecting pipe 2, thereby avoiding the blockage problem of the primary smoke collecting pipe 2, so that the thermal runaway smoke can be smoothly discharged to the liquid treatment device for treatment.

[0183] In some embodiments, the smoke gas pre-treatment device 5 can also only include a buffer device, and the thermal runaway smoke gas generated by the battery module 3 is directly transported to the buffer device through the smoke gas manifold, and is discharged out of the shell 1 after buffer treatment. Similar to the present embodiment, the buffer device can play a role of buffering the thermal runaway smoke gas and collecting the electrolyte in the thermal runaway smoke gas.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized by: The battery module includes a shell, a primary flue gas manifold arranged in the shell, and n battery modules arranged in the shell along the y direction; Each battery module includes a secondary flue gas manifold and m single cells; the m single cells are arranged along the x direction; the secondary flue gas manifold extends along the x direction and covers the m single cell explosion vent parts; the secondary flue gas manifold inner cavity serves as a thermal runaway flue gas flow channel and is in communication with the m single cell explosion vent parts; wherein n and m are integers greater than 1; The thermal runaway flue gas discharge ports of the secondary flue gas manifolds in the n battery modules are in communication with the primary flue gas manifold; and the outlet end of the primary flue gas manifold extends out of the shell.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein: A first side wall of the shell and each battery module form a first cavity; wherein the first side wall is a side wall of the shell parallel to the yz plane; The primary flue gas manifold extends along the y direction and is located in the first cavity.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein: In the x direction, the size of the secondary flue gas manifold is greater than that of the battery module; one end of the secondary flue gas manifold extends out of the battery module; The thermal runaway flue gas discharge port of the secondary flue gas manifold is arranged on a first pipe wall of the end of the secondary flue gas manifold extending out of the battery module; wherein the first pipe wall is parallel to the xy plane and close to the primary flue gas manifold; The thermal runaway flue gas discharge ports of the secondary flue gas manifolds of the n battery modules are respectively in communication with the primary flue gas manifold through n first connecting pipes extending along the z direction.

4. The battery pack of claim 3, wherein: The secondary flue gas manifold includes a hollow pipe and a connecting part; A first pipe wall of the hollow pipe is provided with m first through holes penetrating the inner cavity; the m first through holes are arranged along the length direction of the hollow pipe and correspond to the m single cells; the inner cavity of the hollow pipe is in communication with the corresponding explosion vent parts through the m first through holes; and each single cell is in communication with the explosion vent part through the first through hole; The connecting part includes two connecting plates; the two connecting plates are respectively fixed on two opposite third pipe walls of the hollow pipe and extend along the length direction of the hollow pipe; wherein the third pipe wall is parallel to the xz plane; i second through holes are arranged on each connecting plate along the length direction of the connecting plate; and i is an integer greater than 1; The battery module further includes a locking piece and a partition plate; the top end of the partition plate is provided with a fixing column; the fixing column corresponds to the second through hole on the connecting plate; The partition plate is clamped and fixed between adjacent single cells; the fixing column passes through the second through hole; and the locking piece is locked on the part of the fixing column passing through the second through hole.

5. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein: Further including a liquid inlet manifold and a liquid outlet manifold; Each battery module further includes a heat transfer pipe assembly; the inner cavity of the heat transfer pipe assembly serves as a heat transfer medium flow channel and is fixed on the polarity terminal of the battery module; and the heat transfer pipe assembly forms a heat exchange channel at the top of the battery module; The liquid inlet ends of the heat exchange channels in the n battery modules are in communication with the liquid inlet manifold; and the liquid outlet ends of the heat exchange channels in the n battery modules are in communication with the liquid outlet manifold; The liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet manifold and the liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet manifold extend out of the shell.

6. The battery pack of claim 5, wherein: The liquid inlet manifold and the liquid outlet manifold extend along the y direction and are located in the first cavity; The liquid inlet ends of the heat exchange channels in the n battery modules are respectively in communication with the liquid inlet manifold through n second connecting pipes extending along the z direction. The liquid outlet ends of the heat exchange channels in the n battery modules are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet manifold through n third connecting pipes extending along the z direction.

7. The battery pack of any one of claims 1-6, wherein: The flue gas pretreatment device is arranged in the first cavity, and an outlet end of the primary flue gas manifold extends out of the shell through the flue gas pretreatment device.

8. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein: The flue gas pretreatment device comprises at least one of a liquid treatment device, a solid treatment device, and a flue gas cooling device. The liquid treatment device is mainly used for treating electrolyte and gas in the thermal runaway flue gas. The solid treatment device is mainly used for adsorbing and treating gas in the thermal runaway flue gas. The flue gas cooling device is mainly used for cooling the thermal runaway flue gas.

9. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein: The liquid treatment device comprises M liquid treatment tanks, each of which is provided with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, the first liquid treatment tank to the M-1th liquid treatment tank are filled with liquid treatment medium, and the Mth liquid treatment tank is empty, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

10. The battery pack of claim 7, wherein: The flue gas pretreatment device comprises a buffer device, and the buffer device comprises at least one buffer tank for buffering the thermal runaway flue gas.

Images