Square cabin signal interface window capable of preventing strong electromagnetic pulse

Abstract

The utility model discloses a strong electromagnetic pulse prevention shelter signal interface window, which is used for carrying out rapid amplitude limiting, current discharge and energy discharge on electromagnetic pulse coupling current so as to protect equipment in a shelter from being damaged and meet the strong electromagnetic pulse protection requirement, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic protection. The device comprises a signal interface board, a filter installation support and a rear cover plate, the signal interface board is installed on a first support, the signal interface board is installed on the inner side of a signal interface window, a plurality of first interface sockets are integrated on the signal interface board, and the filter installation support is installed on the inner side of the signal interface window and located on the inner side of the signal interface board. An electromagnetic pulse protection filter and a cut-off waveguide tube through which an optical cable passes are mounted on the filter mounting bracket, the rear cover plate is mounted on the inner side of the square cabin, the filter mounting bracket and the signal interface plate are covered in the rear cover plate, and the first bracket and the filter mounting bracket are connected to the cabin body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of electromagnetic protection technology, and specifically relates to a signal interface window for a shelter against strong electromagnetic pulses. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the signal interface windows of vehicle-mounted shelters all use signal interface boards mounted on mounting brackets at the signal port openings, with the signal port openings covered by a rear cover inside the shelter. Figure 1 As shown.

[0003] By shielding the interfaces on the signal interface board and the installation of the signal interface board and rear cover, and using shielded connection cables, the shielding requirements of the shelter and the electromagnetic compatibility requirements of the equipment inside can be met. This type of interface window can only handle conventional electromagnetic interference and cannot suppress unconventional electromagnetic interference. Unconventional electromagnetic interference is a short-lived electromagnetic pulse that can be generated by natural phenomena such as lightning, or by human-caused nuclear explosions or non-nuclear electromagnetic pulse weapons such as high-power microwaves. Its main characteristic is the ability to release a large amount of electromagnetic energy in a short time, which can penetrate the air and damage electronic equipment. Ordinary shelter signal interface windows can achieve lightning pulse protection after adding lightning protection measures, but strong electromagnetic pulses such as high-power microwaves are characterized by high pulse intensity, high energy, extremely short rise time, and wide spectral coverage. If communication antennas, antenna tuners, and external connection cables of the shelter are exposed outside the shelter, when attacked by a strong electromagnetic pulse, they will conduct the strong electromagnetic pulse energy into the shelter, posing a serious threat to receivers and other electronic equipment inside.

[0004] Therefore, we developed a strong electromagnetic pulse protection signal interface window to quickly limit, discharge, and release the electromagnetic pulse coupling current to protect the equipment inside the cabin from damage. We also made targeted designs for the signal interface board, electromagnetic pulse protection filter, and rear cover plate and their installation to meet the requirements of strong electromagnetic pulse protection. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a signal interface window for a strong electromagnetic pulse (ESP) protected cabin, which is used to quickly limit, discharge, and release the energy of the EMP coupling current to protect the equipment inside the cabin from damage. The signal interface board, EMP protection filter, and rear cover plate and their installation are specifically designed to meet the requirements of strong EMP protection.

[0006] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0007] A signal interface window for a strong electromagnetic pulse (ESP) resistant shelter includes a signal interface board, a filter mounting bracket, and a rear cover. The signal interface board is mounted on a bracket and is located inside the signal interface window. The signal interface board integrates several interface sockets. The filter mounting bracket is mounted inside the signal interface window and inside the signal interface board. An EMP protection filter and a cutoff waveguide for optical fiber are mounted on the filter mounting bracket. The rear cover is mounted inside the shelter, and the filter mounting bracket and signal interface board are covered inside the rear cover. The bracket and the filter mounting bracket are connected to the shelter body.

[0008] During application, the signal interface board and the filter mounting bracket should have clean, flat, and highly conductive contact surfaces with the signal interface window. The rear cover plate should be installed on the inner wall of the cabin to ensure good conductivity. When strong electromagnetic pulse radiation interference occurs at the signal aperture, it is shielded by the outer signal interface board. The signal interface board is well-connected to the cabin, and the induced current from the radiation interference is conducted to the ground through the cabin grounding. The filter mounting bracket is also well-connected to the cabin. Electromagnetic pulse interference induced by the external cable is filtered and then conducted to the ground. After being shielded by the signal interface board, even if low-frequency signals may diffract, the cutoff waveguide further enhances the shielding effect. The rear cover plate is reliably connected to the inner wall of the cabin, increasing the reliability of the shielding.

[0009] Further preferably, the contact surface between the interface socket and the signal interface board is not painted to ensure good conductivity.

[0010] Preferably, the contact surfaces between the filter and the cutoff waveguide and the filter mounting bracket are not painted to ensure good conductivity.

[0011] Further preferably, the interface socket is equipped with a surge arrester to facilitate lightning pulse protection.

[0012] More preferably, the cutoff frequency of the cutoff waveguide is 13.5 GHz, the diameter of the cutoff waveguide is 13 mm, and the length of the cutoff waveguide is 150 mm. Since the outer layer of the signal interface window is already shielded by the signal interface board, high-frequency signals cannot enter. A small portion of low-frequency signals will enter the vehicle through the optical cable laying pipe and affect the equipment. Therefore, the cutoff waveguide is used as the optical cable laying channel.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the rear cover is provided with an internal interface plate, and a plurality of interface sockets are installed on the internal interface plate. The contact surface between the interface sockets and the rear cover is not painted to ensure good conductivity.

[0014] In a further preferred embodiment, the first bracket and the filter mounting bracket are connected to the signal interface window via structural components, and a torsion tooth spring is pressed between the structural components and the first bracket, and a torsion tooth spring is pressed between the structural components and the filter mounting bracket to ensure good conductivity.

[0015] This invention provides rapid amplitude limiting, current discharge, and energy release for electromagnetic pulse coupling current to protect equipment inside the cabin from damage. It also features targeted designs for the signal interface board, electromagnetic pulse protection filter, and rear cover plate and their installation to meet the requirements for strong electromagnetic pulse protection. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention.

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This diagram shows the installation of the existing shelter signal interface window.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation of the signal interface board of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a side view of the signal interface board of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This diagram shows the mounting bracket for the filter of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation of the cutoff waveguide of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a side view of the cutoff waveguide of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rear cover plate of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 8 This diagram shows the filter mounting bracket and bracket installation diagram of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 9 This utility model Figure 8 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 10This is a partial cross-sectional view of the signal interface window assembly of this utility model.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Signal interface board, 11-Bracket 1, 12-Interface socket 1, 13-Surge arrester, 14-Twist tooth spring, 15-Structural component, 2-Filter mounting bracket, 21-Filter, 22-Stop waveguide, 3-Rear cover plate, 31-Internal interface board, 311-Interface socket 2, 4-Bussite, 41-Busbar, 42-Outer skin, Ⅰ-Inner side of the shelter. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the solution of this utility model will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of this utility model and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

[0030] In this description, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joint" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0032] The specific embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] A signal interface window for a shelter against strong electromagnetic pulses includes a signal interface board 1, a filter mounting bracket 2, and a rear cover plate 3. The signal interface board 1 is mounted on the bracket 11 and is installed inside the signal interface window. According to the requirements of the vehicle communication equipment, the signal interface board 1 integrates several interface sockets 12. The interface sockets 12 include an ultra-short wave antenna interface (antenna 1), a short wave antenna interface (antenna 2), a medium and long wave antenna interface (antenna 3), and an optical port.

[0034] Strong electromagnetic pulses (ESPs) primarily concentrate energy across the ultra-shortwave, shortwave, and medium-longwave frequency bands. When communication equipment is subjected to ESPs, the electromagnetic coupling effect is significant. Therefore, a filter 21 and a cutoff waveguide 22 are installed on the filter mounting bracket 2 to provide specialized protection for each interface. The filter mounting bracket 2 is installed inside the signal interface window and located inside the signal interface board 1. The filter mounting bracket 2 is equipped with an ESP protection filter 21 and a cutoff waveguide 22 for optical cable passage. The rear cover plate 3 is installed inside the cabin I, and the filter mounting bracket 2 and signal interface board 1 are enclosed within the rear cover plate 3. The bracket 11 and the filter mounting bracket 2 are connected to the cabin body 4.

[0035] In Example 1, considering the impact of strong electromagnetic pulses on each interface, the contact surfaces of the UHF antenna interface, HF antenna interface, IF antenna interface, and optical port and signal interface board 1 are not painted.

[0036] The contact surfaces of filter 21 and cutoff waveguide 22 with filter mounting bracket 2 are not painted.

[0037] In Example 2, surge arresters 13 are added to the UHF antenna interface, HF antenna interface, and HF antenna interface to achieve lightning pulse protection.

[0038] In Example 3, the cutoff frequency of the cutoff waveguide 22 is 13.5 GHz, the diameter of the cutoff waveguide 22 is 13 mm, and the length of the cutoff waveguide 22 is 150 mm. The cutoff waveguide 22 for six optical cables is as follows... Figure 5 and 6 As shown.

[0039] Strong electromagnetic pulses have no impact on fiber optic communication. Considering the attenuation during fiber optic cable transitions, a straight-through approach is adopted when the fiber optic cable passes through the filter mounting bracket 2 to ensure reliable optical path connection. Since the outer layer of the signal interface window is already shielded by the signal interface board 1, high-frequency signals cannot enter. However, a small portion of low-frequency signals may enter the vehicle through the fiber optic cable routing conduit and affect the equipment; therefore, separate protection is required. For this purpose, a cutoff waveguide 22 is used as the fiber optic cable routing channel. In this embodiment, the cutoff frequency of the cutoff waveguide 22 is approximately 13.5 GHz. According to the principle of shielded waveguides, when the waveguide length is greater than or equal to 5 times the waveguide cross-sectional diameter, electromagnetic waves will not be able to pass through. To facilitate the passage of the fiber optic cable plug, the diameter of the cutoff waveguide 22 is designed to be 13 mm, and the length of the cutoff waveguide 22 is designed to be 150 mm based on the internal space of the signal interface window. Thus, even if a low-frequency signal enters the front end of the filter mounting bracket 2, it will be attenuated to zero when passing through the cutoff waveguide 22.

[0040] In embodiment four, an internal interface plate 31 is provided on the outer wall of the rear cover plate 3. Several interface sockets 311 are installed on the internal interface plate 31. The contact surface between the interface sockets 311 and the rear cover plate 3 is not painted.

[0041] The bracket 11 and the filter mounting bracket 2 are connected to the signal interface window through the structural component 15. A torsion tooth spring 14 is pressed between the structural component 15 and the bracket 11, and a torsion tooth spring 14 is pressed between the structural component 15 and the filter mounting bracket 2.

[0042] In this embodiment, a signal interface board 1 is installed on the outer layer of the cabin signal interface window, and a filter mounting bracket 2 is installed on the inner layer. Behind the filter mounting bracket 2 is a rear cover plate 3. The bracket 11 and the filter mounting bracket 2 are pressed together with a torsion tooth spring 14 through a structural component 15. The bracket 11, the filter mounting bracket 2 and the structural component 15 all maintain good conductivity with the outer skin 42 of the cabin 4.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] The contact surfaces of the signal interface board 1 and bracket 11, the filter mounting bracket 2 and the bulkhead 41 are clean, flat, and have good conductivity. The rear cover plate 3 is installed on the inner wall of the bulkhead 4 to ensure good conductivity. When strong electromagnetic pulse radiation interference occurs at the signal port, it is shielded by the outer signal interface board 1. The signal interface board 1 is well connected to the bulkhead 4 (see...). Figure 8 The radiated interference induced current is grounded into the earth through the cabin 4; the filter mounting bracket 2 is also well connected to the cabin 4 (see...). Figure 8 Electromagnetic pulse interference induced by the external cable is filtered by filter 21 and then directed to the ground. After being shielded by the signal interface board 1, even if low-frequency signals may diffract, the optical cable cutoff waveguide 22 further provides shielding. The rear cover 3 is installed on the inner wall of the cabin 4 and is reliably connected to the inner wall of the cabin 4 (again, the contact surface is not painted to maintain good conductivity between the rear cover 3 and the cabin 4), which increases the reliability of shielding. This embodiment passes the strong electromagnetic pulse identification test with the whole vehicle.

[0045] This utility model can meet the requirements of strong electromagnetic pulse protection for vehicle-mounted container external signal transfer. The strong electromagnetic pulse protection is mainly achieved by installing an electromagnetic pulse protection filter 21 and a cutoff waveguide 22 through which the optical cable passes on the filter mounting bracket 2.

[0046] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Although detailed descriptions have been provided with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A signal interface window for a shelter designed to withstand strong electromagnetic pulses, characterized in that: The system includes a signal interface board (1), a filter mounting bracket (2), and a rear cover plate (3). The signal interface board (1) is mounted on a bracket (11) and is installed inside the signal interface window. The signal interface board (1) integrates several interface sockets (12). The filter mounting bracket (2) is installed inside the signal interface window and is located inside the signal interface board (1). The filter mounting bracket (2) is equipped with an electromagnetic pulse protection filter (21) and a cutoff waveguide (22) for optical cables. The rear cover plate (3) is installed inside the cabin (I), and the filter mounting bracket (2) and the signal interface board (1) are covered inside the rear cover plate (3). The bracket (11) and the filter mounting bracket (2) are connected to the cabin body (4).

2. The signal interface window of the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the interface socket (12) and the signal interface board (1) is not painted.

3. The signal interface window of the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surfaces of the filter (21) and the cutoff waveguide (22) with the filter mounting bracket (2) are not painted.

4. The signal interface window of the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface socket 1 (12) is equipped with a surge arrester (13).

5. The signal interface window of the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutoff frequency of the cutoff waveguide (22) is 13.5 GHz, the diameter of the cutoff waveguide (22) is 13 mm, and the length of the cutoff waveguide (22) is 150 mm.

6. The signal interface window of the anti-strong electromagnetic pulse shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the rear cover plate (3) is provided with an internal interface plate (31), and a plurality of interface sockets (311) are installed on the internal interface plate (31). The contact surface between the interface sockets (311) and the rear cover plate (3) is not painted.

7. A signal interface window for a shelter against strong electromagnetic pulses according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The bracket (11) and the filter mounting bracket (2) are connected to the signal interface window through the structural component (15). A torsion tooth spring (14) is pressed between the structural component (15) and the bracket (11).

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