Power distribution circuit, power distribution system and new energy automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power distribution circuit, a power distribution system and a new energy automobile, and relates to the technical field of power distribution. The power distribution circuit comprises a high-voltage terminal used for connecting a power battery; the low-voltage wiring terminal is used for connecting a low-voltage load and a battery monitoring device, and the battery monitoring device is further connected with the power battery and is configured to monitor state parameters of the power battery; and the first power supply circuit is connected between the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal and is configured to convert high-voltage electric energy of the power battery into low-voltage electric energy when the new energy automobile is in a dormant state so as to supply power to a low-voltage load and a battery monitoring device. Therefore, loss in the energy transfer process can be reduced, the cruising ability of the low-voltage storage battery can be prolonged, the state parameters of the power battery in the dormant state of the whole vehicle can be monitored in real time, battery faults can be predicted in time, and the safety of the power battery is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power distribution, especially to a power distribution circuit, a power distribution system and a new energy automobile. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the traditional power distribution technology, the low-voltage load power consumption of the new energy automobile in the hibernation state is supplied by the battery, and the battery is charged by the main DC / DC (Direct Current) when the battery power is consumed. However, the charging process of the battery requires the vehicle to start, which will wake up related modules such as BMS (Battery Management System), VCU (Vehicle Controller Unit), etc. There is unnecessary power loss, and the battery has a range limit, so the battery needs to be charged frequently. In addition, the traditional power distribution technology cannot monitor the voltage, temperature, insulation and other state parameters of the power battery in real time when the new energy automobile is in the hibernation state, so some faults (such as leakage, fire, spontaneous combustion, etc.) cannot be predicted. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model aims at at least in a certain extent solves one of the technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a power distribution circuit, a power distribution system and a new energy automobile to reduce energy consumption, prolong the endurance of the battery, and realize real-time monitoring of the state parameters of the power battery in the hibernation state of the new energy automobile, so as to predict the power battery failure in time.

[0004] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a power distribution circuit, comprising: a high-voltage terminal for connecting a power battery; a low-voltage terminal for connecting a low-voltage load and a battery monitoring device, wherein the battery monitoring device is also connected with the power battery and is configured to monitor the state parameters of the power battery; a first power supply circuit connected between the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal, configured to convert the high-voltage power of the power battery into low-voltage power when the new energy automobile is in the hibernation state, to supply power to the low-voltage load and the battery monitoring device.

[0005] Exemplarily, the power distribution circuit further comprises: a battery connected with the low-voltage terminal; a second power supply circuit connected between the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal, configured to convert the high-voltage power of the power battery into low-voltage power when the new energy automobile is started, to supply power to the low-voltage load and charge the battery.

[0006] Exemplarily, the power distribution circuit further comprises an isolation sub-circuit connected between the battery and the low-voltage terminal and configured to isolate the battery from the power supply network of the low-voltage load when the new energy vehicle is in a dormant state.

[0007] Exemplarily, the power distribution circuit further comprises a low-voltage distribution sub-circuit connected between the low-voltage terminal and the low-voltage load and configured to distribute the low-voltage power transmitted by the low-voltage terminal to the low-voltage load.

[0008] Exemplarily, the first power supply sub-circuit comprises a transformer, a first controllable switch, a second controllable switch, a third controllable switch and a capacitor; wherein the transformer comprises a first coil and a second coil, a first end of the first coil is connected to a positive terminal of the high-voltage terminal, a second end of the first coil is connected to a negative terminal of the high-voltage terminal through the first controllable switch, a first end of the second coil is connected to a positive terminal of the low-voltage terminal through the second controllable switch, a second end of the second coil is connected to a negative terminal of the low-voltage terminal through the third controllable switch, a first end of the capacitor is connected to the first end of the second coil, and a second end of the capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the low-voltage terminal.

[0009] Exemplarily, the second power supply sub-circuit comprises a high-voltage switch unit and a DC / DC converter; wherein the high-voltage switch unit is connected between the high-voltage terminal and a high-voltage end of the DC / DC converter, and a low-voltage end of the DC / DC converter is connected to the low-voltage terminal.

[0010] Exemplarily, the high-voltage switch unit, the first power supply sub-circuit and the battery monitoring device are integrally arranged.

[0011] Exemplarily, the end of the high-voltage switch unit connected to the DC / DC converter is further used for connecting a high-voltage load, so as to realize power supply of the power battery to the high-voltage load when the new energy vehicle is in a starting state.

[0012] Exemplarily, the high-voltage switch unit comprises a main negative switch, a main positive switch, a pre-charge switch and a pre-charge resistor; wherein the main negative switch is connected between a negative terminal of the high-voltage terminal and a negative terminal of the high-voltage end of the DC / DC converter, the main positive switch is connected between a positive terminal of the high-voltage terminal and a positive terminal of the high-voltage end of the DC / DC converter, and the pre-charge switch and the pre-charge resistor are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the main positive switch.

[0013] Exemplarily, the battery monitoring device comprises a high-voltage monitoring device and a battery management device, and the first power supply sub-circuit is integrated in the high-voltage monitoring device or the battery management device.

[0014] In a second aspect, the utility model provides a power distribution system, include: power battery, low pressure load, battery monitoring device and above described first aspect power distribution circuit, wherein power battery with high voltage wiring terminal connection of power distribution circuit, low pressure load and battery monitoring device with low voltage wiring terminal connection of power distribution circuit.

[0015] In a third aspect, the utility model provides a new energy automobile, include: above described second aspect power distribution system.

[0016] The utility model discloses power distribution circuit, power distribution system and new energy automobile, through setting up first supply subcircuit, realize when new energy automobile is in dormancy state, the high voltage electric energy of power battery is converted into low voltage electric energy and is used for low voltage load and battery monitoring device, can reduce the loss in energy transmission process, prolongs the endurance of low voltage battery, and realizes the real time monitoring of power battery insulation condition, voltage, current, temperature etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of power distribution circuit of first embodiment of the utility model,

[0018] Fig. 2 (a) is the schematic diagram of energy transmission process of an example in traditional power distribution technology,

[0019] Fig. 2 (b) is the schematic diagram of energy transmission process of an example of the utility model,

[0020] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of power distribution circuit of second embodiment of the utility model,

[0021] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of power distribution circuit of third embodiment of the utility model,

[0022] Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of power distribution circuit of fourth embodiment of the utility model,

[0023] Figure 6 It is the circuit topology of first supply subcircuit of an embodiment of the utility model,

[0024] Figure 7 It is the schematic diagram of power distribution circuit of one specific embodiment of the utility model,

[0025] Figure 8 It is the schematic diagram of power distribution circuit of fifth embodiment of the utility model,

[0026] Figure 9Is the structural diagram of the power distribution system of the embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 10 Is the structural diagram of the new energy vehicle of the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection and low carbon, the development pace of new energy vehicles has accelerated significantly. The relevant technologies in the fields of automobiles, energy, transportation, information communication, etc. are accelerating integration, and electrification, networking and intelligentization have become the trend of the automobile industry. New technologies for new energy vehicles are emerging like mushrooms, such as:

[0029] Application No. CN202410658157.7, Publication No. CN118238797B, Invention Name: New Energy Vehicle Energy Intelligent Management System, Control Method and Related Equipment;

[0030] Application No. CN202410672579.X, Publication No. CN118597091A, Invention Name: New Energy Vehicle Energy Intelligent Management Method, System and Related Equipment;

[0031] Application No. CN202010470247.5, Publication No. CN113734146B, Invention Name: Vehicle Driving Mode Selection Method, Device, Equipment and Medium;

[0032] All describe the electric-based hybrid technology, which has multiple advantages such as fast, economical, quiet, smooth, green, etc.

[0033] Application No. CN202211678720.4, Publication No. CN117382629B, Invention Name: Vehicle Power Control Method, Device, Medium, Vehicle Controller and Vehicle;

[0034] Application No. CN202311164098.X, Publication No. CN116890770B, Invention Name: Vehicle Control System, Method and Vehicle;

[0035] Application No. CN202311170393.6, Publication No. CN117533292B, Invention Name: Vehicle Control System, Control Method, Controller and Vehicle;

[0036] All describe the new energy power system with four wheel edge motors as the core, which greatly improves the safety and power of new energy vehicles.

[0037] No matter the hybrid technology or the new energy power system, the participation of power distribution is needed. However, in the traditional power distribution technology, the low-voltage load power consumption of the new energy vehicle in the dormant state is supplied by the battery, and after the battery power is consumed, the battery is charged by the main road DC / DC (Direct Current). The battery needs to start the whole vehicle when charging, at this time, the related modules such as BMS (Battery Management System), VCU (Vehicle Controller Unit) and the like are awakened, unnecessary power loss exists, and the battery has a range limit, so that the battery needs to be charged frequently. In addition, the traditional power distribution technology cannot monitor the voltage, temperature, insulation and other state parameters of the power battery in real time when the new energy vehicle is in the dormant state, so that some faults (such as liquid leakage, fire, spontaneous combustion and the like) cannot be predicted.

[0038] Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of power distribution circuit, power distribution system and new energy vehicle, to improve the static days of new energy vehicle, reduce the frequency of battery charging of new energy vehicle in dormant state, to reduce power loss, while realizing the monitoring of power battery state parameters of new energy vehicle in dormant state, so as to predict relevant faults in time, reduce security risks.

[0039] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the utility model, and cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

[0040] The following refers to the drawings Figures 1-10 The power distribution circuit, power distribution system and new energy vehicle of the embodiments of the utility model are described.

[0041] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram of the power distribution circuit of the embodiments of the utility model.

[0042] As Figure 1As shown, the power distribution circuit 100 comprises a high-voltage terminal HL, a low-voltage terminal LL, and a first power supply circuit 10. The high-voltage terminal HL is configured to be connected to a power battery 200 (which can comprise a battery pack); the low-voltage terminal LL is configured to be connected to a low-voltage load 300 and a battery monitoring device 400, wherein the battery monitoring device 400 is also connected to the power battery 200 and is configured to monitor state parameters (such as insulation condition, voltage, temperature, current, etc.) of the power battery 200; and the first power supply circuit 10 is connected between the high-voltage terminal HL and the low-voltage terminal LL and is configured to convert high-voltage power of the power battery 200 into low-voltage power when the new energy vehicle 1000 is in a sleep state, so as to supply power to the low-voltage load 300 (which can comprise a normal-power low-voltage load and an emergency-power low-voltage load) and the battery monitoring device 400 (which can comprise a high-voltage monitoring device for monitoring parameters such as battery insulation condition, voltage, current, etc., and a battery management device for monitoring parameters such as battery temperature and voltage).

[0043] In this embodiment, the power distribution circuit 100 can be used in a new energy vehicle, such as the vehicle described above that adopts the electric-based hybrid technology or the vehicle whose new energy power system is centered on four-wheel independent driving by electric motors. Loads inside the vehicle that need to be powered include high-voltage loads 500 and low-voltage loads 300, wherein the high-voltage loads 500 can be loads with a working voltage greater than or equal to a voltage threshold, such as an air conditioner compressor, an air conditioner heater, a motor controller, etc.; and the low-voltage loads 300 can be loads with a working voltage less than the voltage threshold, such as an instrument cluster, a multimedia display screen, an air conditioner refrigeration device, a vehicle lamp, an ambient light, a fan, a water pump, a seat heating assembly, a seat ventilation assembly, etc. According to different states of the new energy vehicle, different power distribution modes can be adopted to power the loads, for example, when the new energy vehicle is in a starting state (for example, the ignition switch of the new energy vehicle is in the ON position), some high-end loads 500 (such as a motor controller, etc.) and some low-voltage loads 400 (such as a turn signal, an illuminating lamp, etc.) need to work and thus need to be powered; when the new energy vehicle is in a sleep state (for example, the ignition switch of the new energy vehicle is in the OFF position), the high-voltage loads 500 do not work and thus do not need to be powered, but some low-voltage loads 300 (such as a dashcam, a device for realizing intelligent unlocking and locking, etc.) still need to work or start to work, so when the new energy vehicle is in the sleep state, these low-voltage loads 300 need to be powered so as to work normally. In a traditional power distribution technology, the low-voltage loads 300 are powered by the storage battery 20, but this technology will trigger the main DC / DC to charge the storage battery 20, thus causing extra consumption of other electrical appliances of the new energy vehicle, resulting in low charging efficiency and energy waste.

[0044] To this end, the embodiment of the utility model discloses a first power supply circuit 10 is arranged, when the new energy automobile 1000 is in the hibernation state, the high voltage electric energy of power battery 200 is converted into low voltage electric energy and is used to low voltage load 300 and battery monitoring device 400. Exemplarily, the first power supply circuit 10 can communicate with a control device (such as the controller additionally arranged, the BMS of the above-mentioned etc.), and based on the enable control of the control device, the working state is adjusted, when the new energy automobile 1000 is in the hibernation state (the ignition switch is in OFF mode), the first power supply circuit 10 needs to power, can work through the controller device to enable the first power supply circuit 10 to power the relevant low voltage load 300 and battery monitoring device 400 respectively.

[0045] Specifically, when the new energy automobile 1000 is in the hibernation state, because the OFF mode static power consumption of the whole vehicle is dozens of mA, if the whole vehicle is in the state of static not using, the theoretical endurance capacity of the storage battery 20 is two weeks, then in the traditional power distribution technology, the storage battery 20 needs to be charged at least every two weeks, and the overall energy transfer process is as shown in Fig. 2 (a), and the energy efficiency of the transfer process is: charging efficiency * storage battery discharge efficiency ≈ 60%. Based on this situation, in order to reduce energy transfer and loss, theoretically extend the endurance capacity of the storage battery 20, the utility model designs a low-power auxiliary DC (i.e. the first power supply circuit 10), and the low-power auxiliary DC directly powers the low voltage load 300 under the OFF mode of the whole vehicle, instead of the power consumption of the storage battery 20, i.e. the storage battery 20 has no external discharge loss, and the consumption is only self-discharge, which is extremely small, thereby liberating the consumption process of the storage battery 20, and the energy transfer process involved is as shown in Fig. 2 (b), and the energy efficiency of the transfer process is: low-power auxiliary DC power ≈ 90%. Thus, on the one hand, the loss in the energy transfer process can be reduced by about 30%, and on the other hand, the endurance capacity of the storage battery 20 can be greatly extended.

[0046] Meanwhile, under the OFF mode of the whole vehicle, the low-power auxiliary DC can directly power the battery monitoring device 400 such as HVSU (High Voltage Safety Unit, high voltage monitoring device) and battery management device (such as BMS), can realize real-time detection of the insulation condition, voltage, current and temperature of the power battery 200 under the hibernation state of the whole vehicle, facilitates timely prediction of battery faults such as liquid leakage, fire and spontaneous combustion, can be used as the "sentinel mode" of the power battery 200, and ensures the safety of the power battery 200. By powering the BMS, the BMS can directly control the high voltage, start the whole vehicle and realize the partial available function of the whole vehicle under the condition that the whole vehicle is in a fault state.

[0047] In some examples of the utility model, such as Figure 3As shown, the power distribution circuit 100 further comprises a storage battery 20 (such as a 12V rechargeable battery) and a second power supply circuit 30. The storage battery 20 is connected with the low-voltage terminal LL and can be used for starting the new energy vehicle 1000; the second power supply circuit 30 is connected between the high-voltage terminal HL and the low-voltage terminal LL and is configured to convert the high-voltage electric energy of the power battery 200 into low-voltage electric energy when the new energy vehicle 1000 is in a starting state, so as to supply power to the low-voltage load 300 and charge the storage battery 20.

[0048] Specifically, the first power supply circuit 10 can supply power to the low-voltage load 300 and the battery monitoring device 400 when the new energy vehicle 1000 is in a sleep state, and the second power supply circuit 30 can supply power to the low-voltage load 300 and charge the storage battery 20 when the new energy vehicle 1000 is in a starting state. The low-voltage load 300 to which the second power supply circuit 30 is connected can be the same as or different from the low-voltage load 300 to which the first power supply circuit 10 is connected, and can be set as needed. The first power supply circuit 10 can also communicate with the second power supply circuit 30 to detect the working state of the second power supply circuit 30, so that the first power supply circuit 10 supplies power to the low-voltage load 300 when the second power supply circuit 30 stops working. The first power supply circuit 10 can also detect the voltage and current on the main power supply loop formed by the second power supply circuit 30, the high-voltage terminal HL and the low-voltage terminal LL to detect the working state of the second power supply circuit 30, for example, when the current on the main power supply loop is low or there is no current, it is determined that the second power supply circuit 30 stops working, at which time the first power supply circuit 10 supplies power to the low-voltage load 300 and the battery monitoring device 400. The first power supply circuit 10 can be set to output a voltage one level lower than the second power supply circuit 30, so as to sleep when the second power supply circuit 30 is working; the first power supply circuit 10 can also shut down the external output through internal software when it is detected that the second power supply circuit 30 is working. In the sleep state of the new energy vehicle 1000, the first power supply circuit 10 multiplexes the electric quantity of the power battery 200 to replace the storage battery 20 to supply power to the low-voltage load 300, which can improve the number of days the vehicle is stationary, reduce the frequency of charging the storage battery 20 by starting the second power supply circuit 30 in the sleep state, and thus reduce the power consumption; at the same time, the first power supply circuit 10 supplies power to the battery monitoring device 400, which can realize timely prediction of the fault of the power battery 200. The second power supply circuit 30 charges the storage battery 30 in the starting state of the new energy vehicle 1000 instead of the sleep state, which can solve the problems of low charging efficiency and energy waste caused by charging the storage battery 20 in the prior art.

[0049] In addition, in this example, the battery 20 is interconnected with the first power supply circuit 10 through the low-voltage terminal LL, and the first power supply circuit 10 can charge the battery 20 while supplying power to the low-voltage load 300, for example, when the power demand of the low-voltage load 300 is less than the output power of the first power supply circuit 10, the low-voltage power output by the first power supply circuit 10 can also be output to the battery 20. The battery 20 can also supply power to the low-voltage load 300 when the low-voltage load 300 increases, for example, when the first power supply circuit 10 is in a power supply state and the power demand of the low-voltage load 300 is greater than the output power of the first power supply circuit 10, the battery 20 supplies power to the low-voltage terminal LL.

[0050] In this example, the output voltage of the second power supply circuit 30 can be greater than or equal to the voltage of the battery 20. When the new energy vehicle 1000 is in a dormant state, the second power supply circuit 30 stops outputting, and the first power supply circuit 10 is in a power supply state, and by setting its voltage to be one level higher than the battery 20, the low-voltage load 300 is preferentially used.

[0051] In some examples of the utility model, as shown in Figure 4 The power distribution circuit 100 further comprises an isolation sub-circuit 40. The isolation sub-circuit 40 is connected between the battery 20 and the low-voltage terminal LL and is configured to isolate the battery 20 from the power supply network of the low-voltage load 300 when the new energy vehicle 1000 is in a dormant state.

[0052] In this example, the isolation sub-circuit 40 can include a direct-current isolation switch, which can be controlled by a controller (which can be the same as the controller that controls the first power supply circuit 10). When the new energy vehicle 1000 is in a dormant state, the first power supply circuit 10 supplies power to the low-voltage load 300 while controlling the isolation sub-circuit 40 to isolate the battery 20 from the low-voltage network, so that the battery 20 reaches a state of no energy consumption. Of course, when the new energy vehicle 1000 is in a starting state, the isolation sub-circuit 40 can be controlled to connect the battery 20 to the low-voltage network.

[0053] In some examples of the utility model, as shown in Figure 5 The power distribution circuit 100 further comprises a low-voltage distribution sub-circuit 50. The low-voltage distribution sub-circuit 50 is connected between the low-voltage terminal LL and the low-voltage load 300 and is configured to distribute the low-voltage power transmitted by the low-voltage terminal LL to the low-voltage load 300.

[0054] Specifically, referring to Figure 5The low-voltage load 300 may include constant-voltage loads and non-constant-voltage loads. The low-voltage distribution circuit may include a main circuit and multiple branch circuits, with each branch circuit corresponding to a specific low-voltage load 300. The main circuit may be a single conductor, with one end connected to the low-voltage terminal LL and the other end connected to one end of each of the multiple branch circuits. The other end of each branch circuit is connected to its corresponding low-voltage load 300. For constant-voltage loads, the corresponding branch circuit may be a single conductor, meaning the constant-voltage load can be directly connected to the low-voltage terminal LL via a conductor. For non-constant-voltage loads, a switch (such as...) may be installed on the corresponding branch circuit. Figure 7 The circuit consists of IG1, IG2, IG3, and IG4. When power is needed to supply power to the non-electrical load, the corresponding switch is closed. To ensure low-voltage power distribution safety, fuses (such as IG1, IG2, IG3, and IG4) can be installed on the main circuit and each branch circuit. Figure 7 (FU1, FU2, FU3, FU4, FU5).

[0055] For example, to facilitate assembly, the low-voltage power distribution circuit 50 can be housed in a box, which can be referred to as a low-voltage distribution box. For ease of connection, one or more sets of copper busbars can also be installed inside the low-voltage distribution box. When multiple sets, such as two sets, are installed, one set can correspond to each branch to achieve parallel connection between each low-voltage load 300, and the other set can correspond to the first power supply circuit 10, the second power supply circuit 30, and the battery 20 to achieve parallel connection between the first power supply circuit 10, the second power supply circuit 30, and the battery 20.

[0056] In some examples of this utility model, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first power supply circuit 10 includes a transformer T, a first controllable switch Q1, a second controllable switch Q2, a third controllable switch Q3, and a capacitor C. The transformer T includes a first coil and a second coil. The first end of the first coil is connected to the positive terminal bat+ of the high-voltage terminal HL. The second end of the first coil is connected to the negative terminal bat- of the high-voltage terminal HL via the first controllable switch Q1. The first end of the second coil is connected to the positive terminal lv+ of the low-voltage terminal LL via the second controllable switch Q2. The second end of the second coil is connected to the negative terminal lv- of the low-voltage terminal LL via the third controllable switch Q3. The first end of the capacitor C is connected to the first end of the second coil, and the second end of the capacitor C is connected to the negative terminal lv- of the low-voltage terminal LL.

[0057] The first controllable switch Q1, the second controllable switch Q2 and the third controllable switch Q3 can be a MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) tube, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) tube or the like, and the type of the transformer T and the capacitor C and each switch tube can be selected according to requirements, so as to convert high voltage (such as 48V) of the power battery 200 into low voltage (such as 12V) by controlling the conduction and the turn-off of each switch tube.

[0058] In some examples of the utility model, as shown in Figure 7 The second power supply circuit 30 includes a high-voltage switch unit 31 and a DC / DC converter 32. The high-voltage switch unit 31 is connected between the high-voltage terminal HL and the high-voltage terminal of the DC / DC converter 32, and the low-voltage terminal of the DC / DC converter 32 is connected with the low-voltage terminal LL.

[0059] In this example, as shown in Figure 7 The high-voltage switch unit 31 can include a main negative switch K2, a main positive switch K1, a pre-charge switch K3 and a pre-charge resistor R. The main negative switch K2 is connected between the negative electrode bat- of the high-voltage terminal HL and the negative electrode of the high-voltage terminal of the DC / DC converter 32, the main positive switch K1 is connected between the positive electrode bat+ of the high-voltage terminal HL and the positive electrode of the high-voltage terminal of the DC / DC converter 32, and the pre-charge switch K3 and the pre-charge resistor R are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the main positive switch K1.

[0060] Specifically, when the new energy vehicle 1000 is powered on, the main negative switch K2 and the pre-charge switch K3 are controlled to be closed, pre-charging is performed through the DC / DC converter 32 first, when the pre-charging voltage meets the requirements, the main positive switch is controlled to be closed, and the pre-charge switch K3 is controlled to be disconnected. Through the pre-charging control, the devices in the power distribution circuit 100 can be protected, and the DC / DC converter 32 can be stably powered.

[0061] Optionally, the main negative switch K2, the main positive switch K1 and the pre-charge switch K3 can all be contactors; for protection circuit, the second power supply circuit 30 can further include a fuse, as shown in Figure 7 The fuse FUSE can be arranged on the line between the main positive switch K1 and the positive electrode of the high-voltage terminal of the DC / DC converter 32; the high-voltage switch unit 31 can also not include the main negative switch K2.

[0062] In some examples of the utility model, as shown in Figure 8As shown, the high-voltage switch unit 31 is connected with one end of the DC / DC converter 32, and is also used for connecting a high-voltage load 500 (such as an electric drive system) to realize power supply of the power battery 200 to the high-voltage load 500 when the new energy vehicle 1000 is in a starting state.

[0063] Exemplarily, the high-voltage switch unit 31 and the power battery 200 and the battery monitoring device 400 are integrally arranged, and the integrated device can be referred to as a battery module. Figure 7 The first power supply circuit 10 can be integrally arranged in the battery module.

[0064] As shown in the figure, Figure 7 The battery monitoring device 400 can include a high-voltage monitoring device HVSU and a battery management device BMC, and the first power supply circuit 10 is integrally arranged in the high-voltage monitoring device HVSU or the battery management device BMC (which can be the aforementioned BMS, and can realize monitoring of the power battery 200, the battery, etc., and control of the first power supply circuit 10, the second power supply circuit 30, etc. Figure 7 The first power supply circuit 10 is integrally arranged in the high-voltage monitoring device HVSU, which is exemplified in the figure. Through the integral arrangement, the space occupation can be reduced, and the assembly is facilitated.

[0065] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power distribution system of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0066] As shown in the figure, Figure 9 The power distribution system 900 includes the power battery 200, the low-voltage load 300, the battery monitoring device 400, and the power distribution circuit 100 of the above-mentioned embodiment. The power battery 200 is connected with the high-voltage wiring end HL of the power distribution circuit 100, and the low-voltage load 300 and the battery monitoring device 400 are connected with the low-voltage wiring end LL of the power distribution circuit 100.

[0067] Figure 10 It is a structural block diagram of the new energy vehicle of the embodiment of the utility model.

[0068] As shown in the figure, Figure 10 The new energy vehicle 1000 includes the power distribution system 1000 of the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0069] The power distribution circuit, the power distribution system and the new energy vehicle of the embodiment of the utility model, through the arrangement of the first power supply circuit, can realize power supply of the low-voltage load and the battery monitoring device when the new energy vehicle is in a dormant state, so as to reduce the charging frequency of the storage battery, reduce the power consumption, and realize real-time monitoring of the state parameters of the power battery, which is beneficial to guarantee the power distribution safety.

[0070] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In the description of the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0071] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0072] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0073] In the utility model, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0074] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, first feature is on second feature "on" or "under" can be first and second feature direct contact, or first and second feature indirectly contact through intermediate medium. Moreover, first feature is on second feature "on", "above" and "on" can be first feature is on second feature directly above or obliquely above, or just indicate first feature horizontal height is higher than second feature. First feature is on second feature "under", "below" and "under" can be first feature is on second feature directly below or obliquely below, or just indicate first feature horizontal height is less than second feature.

[0075] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model, and the ordinary skilled in the art can change, modify, replace and transform the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A power distribution circuit, characterized in that, include: High-voltage terminals are used to connect to the power battery; The low-voltage terminal is used to connect a low-voltage load and a battery monitoring device, wherein the battery monitoring device is also connected to the power battery and is configured to monitor the status parameters of the power battery. The first power supply circuit, connected between the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal, is configured to convert the high-voltage electrical energy of the power battery into low-voltage electrical energy when the new energy vehicle is in a dormant state, so as to supply power to the low-voltage load and the battery monitoring device.

2. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power distribution circuit also includes: The storage battery is connected to the low-voltage terminal. The second power supply circuit, connected between the high-voltage terminal and the low-voltage terminal, is configured to convert the high-voltage electrical energy of the power battery into low-voltage electrical energy when the new energy vehicle is started, so as to supply power to the low-voltage load and charge the battery.

3. The power distribution circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power distribution circuit also includes: An isolation sub-circuit, connected between the battery and the low-voltage terminal, is configured to isolate the battery from the power supply network of the low-voltage load when the new energy vehicle is in a dormant state.

4. The power distribution circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power distribution circuit also includes: A low-voltage distribution circuit, connected between the low-voltage terminal and the low-voltage load, is configured to distribute the low-voltage electrical energy transmitted through the low-voltage terminal to the low-voltage load.

5. The power distribution circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first power supply circuit includes a transformer, a first controllable switch, a second controllable switch, a third controllable switch, and a capacitor; The transformer includes a first coil and a second coil. The first end of the first coil is connected to the positive terminal of the high-voltage terminal. The second end of the first coil is connected to the negative terminal of the high-voltage terminal through a first controllable switch. The first end of the second coil is connected to the positive terminal of the low-voltage terminal through a second controllable switch. The second end of the second coil is connected to the negative terminal of the low-voltage terminal through a third controllable switch. The first end of the capacitor is connected to the first end of the second coil. The second end of the capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the low-voltage terminal.

6. The power distribution circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second power supply circuit includes a high-voltage switching unit and a DC / DC converter; The high-voltage switch unit is connected between the high-voltage terminal and the high-voltage terminal of the DC / DC converter, and the low-voltage terminal of the DC / DC converter is connected to the low-voltage terminal.

7. The power distribution circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The high-voltage switch unit, the first power supply circuit, the power battery, and the battery monitoring device are integrated into a single unit.

8. The power distribution circuit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the high-voltage switching unit connected to the DC / DC converter is also used to connect a high-voltage load, so that the power battery can supply power to the high-voltage load when the new energy vehicle is in the starting state.

9. The power distribution circuit as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The high-voltage switch unit includes a main negative switch, a main positive switch, a pre-charge switch, and a pre-charge resistor; The main negative switch is connected between the negative terminal of the high-voltage terminal and the negative terminal of the high-voltage terminal of the DC / DC converter, the main positive switch is connected between the positive terminal of the high-voltage terminal and the positive terminal of the high-voltage terminal of the DC / DC converter, and the pre-charge switch is connected in series with the pre-charge resistor and then connected in parallel with the main positive switch.

10. The power distribution circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The battery monitoring device includes a high-voltage monitoring device and a battery management device, wherein the first power supply circuit is integrated in the high-voltage monitoring device or the battery management device.

11. A power distribution system, characterized in that, include: A power battery, a low-voltage load, a battery monitoring device, and a power distribution circuit according to any one of claims 1-10; The power battery is connected to the high-voltage terminal of the power distribution circuit, and the low-voltage load and the battery monitoring device are connected to the low-voltage terminal of the power distribution circuit.

12. A new energy vehicle, characterized in that, include: The power distribution system according to claim 11.

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