Ultrasonic flaw detection device for wheel shaft

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ultrasonic flaw detection, in particular to a wheel axle ultrasonic flaw detection device which is used for flaw detection of a wheel axle, and the wheel axle is arranged on a gearbox and comprises a fixing assembly and an angle probe. The fixing assembly comprises a support, a sliding block and a clamping ring set. The support comprises an upper rail and a lower rail which are parallel. The sliding block is arranged on the upper rail. The clamping ring group is detachably arranged on the wheel shaft in a sleeving manner; the side wall of the support is provided with a first scale line matched with the clamping ring set. The snap ring group is provided with a second scale line; the angle probe is arranged on the clamping ring group during use; when in use, after the sliding block is positioned, the snap ring group is locked after being adjusted, the measurement information of the first scale line is obtained, and then the probe is arranged on the snap ring group, so that the measurement information of the second scale line can be obtained; the position and the length of the signal are accurately recorded by using the measurement information in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and the quality of the in-service axle is convenient to monitor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to ultrasonic flaw detection technical field, concretely relates to a wheel axle ultrasonic flaw detection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The axle is an important part on the motor car and the metro bogie, in order to detect whether the axle insert part of the axle equipped with the wheel and the gear box has the transverse defect, the ultrasonic flaw detection scanning of the axle neck or axle body part is needed using the transverse wave oblique probe, and the sensitivity calibration is usually carried out on the half axle test block before scanning. At present, the ruler method is used to record the signal position and length, and the precision is low. The gear box is in interference fit with the axle, and after the ultrasonic signal passes through the fit surface, it will continue to propagate to the metal and air interface inside the gear box and then reflect, and the structural signal generated thereby is relatively complex. The diameters of different regions of the axle and the assembly structure are different, causing different signal characteristics, and it is difficult to quickly judge the signal nature when the signal source region cannot be determined. In the prior art, the detection is mainly carried out in two ways: 1. manual scanning and manual signal analysis; 2. recording the signal and marking it with a marker pen, and measuring its length with a ruler. However, the following problems exist: 1. manual scanning, in order to ensure that no defects are missed, the scanning interval must be increased, which increases the detection time, and through calculation to determine the detection area corresponding to the signal when the signal appears, the operator is required to be too high, the human factor is large, and the efficiency is low; 2. the error of the steel ruler in measuring the circumferential direction defect is large, which is not conducive to accurate positioning and quantification of the signal, and the signal of the recorded level is not conducive to accurate quantification and monitoring.

[0003] Therefore, an auxiliary device is needed to utilize the different characteristics of the structure signals in different regions, to solve the problem of insufficient precision in measuring the signal position and length, and to improve the detection speed and precision of the wheel axle ultrasonic flaw detection device. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a wheel axle ultrasonic flaw detection device.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A wheel axle ultrasonic flaw detection device for flaw detection of a wheel axle, the wheel axle being arranged on a gear box, comprising a fixing assembly and an oblique probe;

[0007] The fixing assembly comprises a bracket, a sliding block and a snap ring set; the bracket comprises an upper rail and a lower rail, the upper rail and the lower rail are parallel, the sliding block is arranged on the upper rail and runs along the upper rail; one end of the sliding block facing the gear box is matched with the surface of the gear box;

[0008] The clamping ring set comprises a main clamping ring and a secondary clamping ring, one end of the main clamping ring and one end of the secondary clamping ring are connected to and run along the lower track, and the free end of the main clamping ring and the free end of the secondary clamping ring are detachably connected to form a ring body; the clamping ring set is detachably sleeved on the wheel shaft.

[0009] The side wall of the support is provided with a first scale line matched with the clamping ring set; the main clamping ring and / or the secondary clamping ring is provided with a second scale line; and the oblique probe is arranged on the clamping ring set when in use.

[0010] Preferably, the upper track is a dovetail groove, and the sliding block is provided with a protrusion matched with the dovetail groove.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping ring set further comprises two adjusting nuts, the lower track is a screw rod, one end of the main clamping ring and one end of the secondary clamping ring are respectively provided with through holes, the through holes are sleeved on and run along the lower track, and the two adjusting nuts are respectively connected to the lower track to clamp one end of the main clamping ring and one end of the secondary clamping ring.

[0012] Preferably, a positioning groove is formed in the sliding block, a positioning hole is arranged on the support, and the fixing assembly further comprises a fixing bolt and a fixing nut, the fixing bolt passes through the positioning hole and the positioning groove and is detachably matched with the fixing nut.

[0013] Preferably, one side of the support facing the clamping ring set is an arc surface.

[0014] Preferably, a buckle is arranged on the free end of the main clamping ring, a buckle opening matched with the buckle is arranged on the free end of the secondary clamping ring, and the buckle opening and the buckle are detachably connected to form a ring body.

[0015] Preferably, a handle opening is arranged on the sliding block.

[0016] Preferably, the clamping ring set has two sets.

[0017] Preferably, a third scale line is arranged on the oblique probe.

[0018] The utility model discloses beneficial effect lies in: through the one end of slider towards gear box and gear box surface cooperation combination snap ring group can dismantle the set on the wheel axle, uses, can after positioning slider, adjust snap ring group and obtain the measurement information of first scale line after locking snap ring group, set the probe on snap ring group again, can obtain the measurement information of second scale line, that is, utilize the measurement information of axial and circumferential direction, accurately record the position and length of signal, convenient for monitoring in service wheel axle quality, measurement principle is: the oblique probe of transverse wave is to wheel axle along the circumferential rotation simultaneously and does the zigzag sweep, the purpose detects whether the wheel axle of press -fitting position has the surface defect ( and the probe is 180 degree position difference), when the oblique probe sweeps before and after the position of axle body, the sound beam will cover certain interval, when the wheel axle diameter is different in interval, the defect signal will appear in the different position of instrument display, but the press -fitting position of gear box seat has the groove, secondly, because the assembly is interference fit, the sound beam also can spread to gear box and wheel pair some positions, two kinds of factors can produce structure signal, and the detection personnel judge signal source is difficult, needs repeatedly measurement calculation, can establish different interval according to the diameter of press -fitting position, first, the oblique probe position corresponding to the structure signal such as groove can solidify, secondly, when the structure signal of gear box and wheel pair is produced, the oblique probe establishes the sound path reference point on the instrument according to the artificial defect of test block, and the sound path is less than or equal to the point signal as the defect signal, no signal or greater than this point is structure signal here, that is, establishes the structure signal of wheel axle groove according to the probe position, and the assembly such as gear box wheel pair is according to the position where the probe is located, according to the strategy of determining signal in the position of instrument display, to reach the purpose of rapid detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Fig. 1 It is the use state schematic diagram of a kind of axle ultrasonic flaw detection device of the utility model specific embodiment, as shown in the figure;

[0020] Fig. 2 It is the principle schematic diagram of a kind of axle ultrasonic flaw detection device of the utility model specific embodiment, as shown in the figure;

[0021] Fig. 3 It is the first angle schematic diagram of a kind of axle ultrasonic flaw detection device of the utility model specific embodiment, as shown in the figure;

[0022] Fig. 4 It is the second angle schematic diagram of a kind of axle ultrasonic flaw detection device of the utility model specific embodiment, as shown in the figure;

[0023] Label explanation: 1, axle; 2, gear box; 3, axle ultrasonic flaw detection device; 31, fixed assembly; 311, support; 3111, upper track; 3112, lower track; 3113, first scale line; 312, sliding block; 313, snap ring group; 3131, main snap ring; 3132, auxiliary snap ring; 3133, second scale line; 3134, adjusting nut; 3135, bayonet; 3136, buckle; 314, fixed bolt; 315, fixed nut; 316, handle opening; 32, inclined probe; 321, third scale line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To illustrate the technical content of the utility model, the purposes and effects achieved, the following will be described in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Please refer to Figs. 1 to 4 The utility model discloses an axle ultrasonic flaw detection device 3 for the flaw detection of axle 1, which is arranged on gear box 2 and comprises fixed assembly 31 and inclined probe 32.

[0026] The fixed assembly 31 comprises support 311, sliding block 312 and snap ring group 313. The support 311 comprises upper track 3111 and lower track 3112, which are parallel. The sliding block 312 is arranged on the upper track 3111 and runs along the upper track 3111. The end of the sliding block 312 towards the gear box 2 is matched with the surface of the gear box 2.

[0027] The snap ring group 313 comprises main snap ring 3131 and auxiliary snap ring 3132. One end of the main snap ring 3131 and one end of the auxiliary snap ring 3132 are respectively connected to the lower track 3112 and run along the lower track 3112. The free end of the main snap ring 3131 and the free end of the auxiliary snap ring 3132 are detachably connected to form a ring body. The snap ring group 313 is detachably sleeved on the axle 1.

[0028] The sidewall of the support 311 is provided with first scale line 3113 matched with the snap ring group 313. The main snap ring 3131 and / or the auxiliary snap ring 3132 are provided with second scale line 3133. The inclined probe 32 is arranged on the snap ring group 313 when in use.

[0029] From the above description, the slider 312 is detachably sleeved on the wheel shaft 1 by matching and combining the one end of the slider 312 with the surface of the gear box 2 and the surface of the gear box 2 with the clamping ring set 313. In use, after the slider 312 is positioned, the clamping ring set 313 is adjusted, the clamping ring set 313 is locked, and the measurement information of the first scale line 3113 is obtained. Then, the probe is arranged on the clamping ring set 313, and the measurement information of the second scale line 3133 can be obtained. That is, the position and length of the signal are accurately recorded by using the measurement information in the axial and circumferential directions, so as to facilitate the monitoring of the quality of the in-service wheel shaft 1. The measurement principle is that the transverse wave oblique probe 32 performs forward and backward zigzag scanning while rotating along the circumference of the wheel shaft 1, so as to detect whether the wheel shaft 1 at the press-fitting position has surface defects (with a difference of 180° from the probe). When the oblique probe 32 scans forward and backward at the shaft position, the sound beam will cover a certain interval. When the diameters of the wheel shaft 1 in the interval are different, the defect signal will appear at different positions of the instrument display. However, there is a groove at the press-fitting position of the gear box 2, and then due to the interference fit, the sound beam will also propagate to some positions of the gear box 2 and the wheel set. The two factors will generate structure signals, and it is difficult for the detection personnel to judge the source of the signal, which needs to be repeatedly measured and calculated. The press-fitting position can be established in different intervals according to the diameter. First, the position of the oblique probe 32 corresponding to the groove structure signal can be fixed. Second, the structure signal generated by the gear box 2 and the wheel set is established according to the sound path reference point on the instrument by the artificial defect of the test block. The sound path is less than or equal to the point signal, which is a defect signal. There is no signal or more than the point here, which is a structure signal. That is, the strategy of establishing the wheel shaft 1 groove structure signal according to the probe position, the gear box 2 wheel set and other assembled parts according to the position of the probe, and judging the signal according to the position of the instrument display is used, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid detection.

[0030] Further, the upper rail 3111 is a dovetail groove, and the slider 312 is provided with a protrusion matched with the dovetail groove.

[0031] From the above description, by the setting of the dovetail groove and the corresponding protrusion, the sliding can be limited.

[0032] Further, the clamping ring set 313 further comprises two adjusting nuts 3134, the lower rail 3112 is a screw rod, one end of the main clamping ring 3131 and one end of the auxiliary clamping ring 3132 are respectively provided with through holes, the through holes are sleeved on the lower rail 3112 and run along the lower rail 3112, and the two adjusting nuts 3134 are respectively connected on the lower rail 3112 to form clamping on one end of the clamping ring and one end of the auxiliary clamping ring 3132.

[0033] From the above description, by the two adjusting nuts 3134, clamping and fixing can be formed, and measurement is facilitated.

[0034] Further, the sliding block 312 is provided with a positioning groove, the support 311 is provided with a positioning hole, and the fixing assembly 31 further comprises a fixing bolt 314 and a fixing nut 315, the fixing bolt 314 is detachably connected with the fixing nut 315 through the positioning hole and the positioning groove.

[0035] From the above description, it can be seen that the fixing bolt 314 and the nut can realize the fixing of the sliding block 312 and the support 311.

[0036] Further, one side of the support 311 towards the clasp group 313 is an arc surface.

[0037] From the above description, it can be seen that the arc surface can be fitted to the surface of the axle 1.

[0038] Further, the free end of the main clasp 3131 is provided with a buckle 3136, the free end of the auxiliary clasp 3132 is provided with a buckle 3136, and the buckle 3136 and the buckle 3136 are detachably connected to form a ring body.

[0039] Further, the sliding block 312 is provided with a handle opening 316.

[0040] From the above description, it can be seen that the handle opening 316 can realize one-handed holding of the axle ultrasonic flaw detection device 3.

[0041] Further, the clasp group 313 has two groups.

[0042] Further, the inclined probe 32 is provided with a third scale line 321.

[0043] From the above description, it can be seen that the third scale line 321 can be used for calibration or alignment, and can also be used for calculation.

[0044] Embodiment one

[0045] An axle ultrasonic flaw detection device 3 is used for flaw detection of an axle 1, the axle 1 is arranged on a gear box 2, and the axle ultrasonic flaw detection device 3 comprises a fixing assembly 31 and an inclined probe 32.

[0046] The fixing assembly 31 comprises a support 311, a sliding block 312 and a clasp group 313; the support 311 comprises an upper track 3111 and a lower track 3112, the upper track 3111 and the lower track 3112 are parallel, the sliding block 312 is arranged on the upper track 3111 and runs along the upper track 3111; one end of the sliding block 312 towards the gear box 2 is matched with the surface of the gear box 2;

[0047] The clamping ring set 313 comprises a main clamping ring 3131 and a secondary clamping ring 3132, one end of the main clamping ring 3131 and one end of the secondary clamping ring 3132 are connected to and run along the lower rail 3112, and the free end of the main clamping ring 3131 and the free end of the secondary clamping ring 3132 are detachably connected to form a ring body; the clamping ring set 313 is detachably sleeved on the wheel shaft 1.

[0048] The side wall of the support 311 is provided with a first scale line 3113 matched with the clamping ring set 313; the main clamping ring 3131 and / or the secondary clamping ring 3132 are provided with a second scale line 3133; and the oblique probe 32 is arranged on the clamping ring set 313 during use.

[0049] The upper rail 3111 is a dovetail groove, and the sliding block 312 is provided with a protrusion matched with the dovetail groove.

[0050] The clamping ring set 313 further comprises two adjusting nuts 3134, the lower rail 3112 is a screw rod, one end of the main clamping ring 3131 and one end of the secondary clamping ring 3132 are respectively provided with through holes, the through holes are sleeved on and run along the lower rail 3112, and the two adjusting nuts 3134 are respectively connected to the lower rail 3112 to form clamping on one end of the clamping ring and one end of the secondary clamping ring 3132.

[0051] The sliding block 312 is provided with a positioning groove, the support 311 is provided with a positioning hole, and the fixing assembly 31 further comprises a fixing bolt 314 and a fixing nut 315, the fixing bolt 314 passes through the positioning hole and the positioning groove and is detachably matched with the fixing nut 315.

[0052] One side of the support 311 facing the clamping ring set 313 is an arc surface.

[0053] The free end of the main clamping ring 3131 is provided with a buckle 3136, the free end of the secondary clamping ring 3132 is provided with a buckle opening 3135 matched with the buckle 3136, and the buckle opening 3135 and the buckle 3136 are detachably connected to form a ring body.

[0054] The sliding block 312 is provided with a handle opening 316.

[0055] The clamping ring set 313 has two groups.

[0056] The oblique probe 32 is provided with a third scale line 321.

[0057] The use steps of the wheel shaft ultrasonic flaw detection device 3 include:

[0058] The slider 312 is installed on the dovetail groove of the bracket 311, the fixing bolt 314 and the fixing nut 315 are installed, and two groups of clamping ring groups 313 and adjusting nuts 3134 are installed on the lower rail 3112;

[0059] The lower rail 3112 with the bracket 311 is installed;

[0060] The buckle 3136 is installed on the main clamping ring 3131;

[0061] The device is installed on the wheel shaft 1 test block, the front end of the bracket 311 is aligned with the rear shoulder of the gear box 2 seat, and the inclined probe 32 scans the far-end artificial defect on the shaft body. After the far-end artificial defect is scanned, the clamping ring group 313 close to the rear shoulder of the gear seat is tightly attached to the probe, the main clamping ring 3131 is recorded on the bracket 311, and the distance x (calculated by the first scale line 3113 and the third scale line 321, or directly read from the first scale line 3113) from the gear seat front end to the artificial defect is the scanning limit of the probe at the far end. After the clamping ring group 313 is moved to the far-end scanning limit, the adjusting nuts 3134 on both sides are tightened;

[0062] The same method is used to scan the near-end artificial defect, and the scanning limit of the probe at the near end and the position of the clamping ring group 313 are determined;

[0063] The device is installed on the shaft body, the front end of the bracket 311 is aligned with the rear shoulder of the gear box 2 seat, the front end of the slider 312 is abutted on the hub end face of the gear box 2, and the fixing bolt 314 and the fixing nut 315 of the slider 312 are tightened;

[0064] Two groups of main and auxiliary clamping rings 3132 are connected through buckles 3136 and buckles 3136, so that the clamping ring group 313 wraps the shaft body;

[0065] The inclined probe 32 is scanned once in the interval of the clamping ring group 313, and the defect signal appears on the instrument at the position corresponding to the sum of the radius of the shaft body and the radius of the gear seat, and the structure signal is behind the position;

[0066] The axial position of the defect is determined, the bracket 311 is close to the inclined probe 32 after the defect signal is found, the distance between the front end of the inclined probe 32 and the zero point is read out, and the probe front distance is added, which is the distance from the defect to the front shoulder of the gear seat.

[0067] The circumferential direction signal length position is determined, the probe is scanned along the circumferential direction after the most serious signal is found, two end points reaching the recording level are found respectively and marked, the degrees of the starting point and the circumferential reference point are measured by the second scale line 3133, the angle interval corresponding to the signal is measured, and the difference of 180° is the actual circumferential direction size position of the signal.

[0068] By adopting the device, for the axle gear seat ultrasonic wave difficulty, adopts the section detection, is convenient to the axle 1 structure signal classification, thereby accurately assesses the signal nature, utilizes the axial and the circumferential direction positioning scale, accurately records the signal position and the length, is convenient to monitor the in-service axle quality, ensures to the axle inlay part specific position, the inclined probe 32 detection area is complete, the device operation is simple, a person can complete the device dismounting.

[0069] The above only is the embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent range of the utility model, and any equivalent transformation, direct or indirect application in related technical field using the utility model specification and the attached drawing contents, are same reason including in the patent protection range of the utility model.

Claims

1. An axle ultrasonic flaw detection apparatus for detecting a flaw of an axle, the axle being provided on a gear box, characterized in that, The fixed assembly comprises a bracket, a sliding block and a clasp assembly; the bracket comprises an upper rail and a lower rail, the upper rail and the lower rail are parallel, the sliding block is arranged on the upper rail and runs along the upper rail; one end of the sliding block towards the gear box is matched with the surface of the gear box; The clasp assembly comprises a main clasp and a secondary clasp, one end of the main clasp and one end of the secondary clasp are connected on the lower rail and run along the lower rail, the free end of the main clasp and the free end of the secondary clasp are detachably connected to form a ring body; the clasp assembly is detachably sleeved on the wheel shaft; The side wall of the bracket is provided with a first scale line matched with the clasp assembly; the main clasp and / or the secondary clasp is provided with a second scale line; the inclined probe is arranged on the clasp assembly during use. The upper rail is a dovetail groove, and the sliding block is provided with a protrusion matched with the dovetail groove.

2. The wheel axle ultrasonic testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The clasp assembly further comprises two adjusting nuts, the lower rail is a screw rod, one end of the main clasp and one end of the secondary clasp are respectively provided with through holes, the through holes are sleeved on the lower rail and run along the lower rail, and the two adjusting nuts are respectively connected on the lower rail to clamp one end of the main clasp and one end of the secondary clasp.

3. The wheel end ultrasonic inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The sliding block is provided with a positioning groove, the bracket is provided with a positioning hole, and the fixed assembly further comprises a fixing bolt and a fixing nut, the fixing bolt passes through the positioning hole and the positioning groove and is detachably matched with the fixing nut.

4. The wheel end ultrasonic inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein, One side of the bracket towards the clasp assembly is an arc surface.

5. The axle ultrasonic inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein The free end of the main clasp is provided with a buckle, the free end of the secondary clasp is provided with a buckle opening matched with the buckle, and the buckle opening and the buckle are detachably connected to form a ring body.

6. The axle ultrasonic inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein The sliding block is provided with a handle opening.

7. The axle ultrasonic inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein The clasp assembly has two groups.

8. The axle ultrasonic inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein The inclined probe is provided with a third scale line.

9. The axle ultrasonic inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein ​

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