Medium-high frequency integrated broadband antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a broadband antenna integrating medium frequency and high frequency. According to the medium-high frequency integrated broadband antenna, a group of low-frequency oscillators and a group of medium-high frequency oscillators are combined through a combiner to form the broadband antenna covering a low-frequency band, a medium-frequency band and a high-frequency band, the high-frequency oscillators are long-strip-shaped vibration sheets with hollow middle parts, and the hollow middle parts specifically adopt dumbbell-shaped hollow outlines with contracted middle parts and expanded two ends; in other words, a middle strong coupling gap excites U-shaped current and a multimode coupling effect to achieve a middle frequency band, a peripheral annular closed path excites resonance current to form omnidirectional radiation to achieve a high frequency band, and the middle frequency and the high frequency achieve mode isolation through space current orthogonal distribution. Therefore, the dual-polarized oscillator with the oscillator arm shared by the intermediate frequency and the high frequency is constructed on the single long-strip-shaped oscillator sheet, the dual-polarized oscillator can be compatible with the intermediate frequency and the high frequency, and mode mixing is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of antenna, concretely relates to a wideband antenna of middle high frequency combination. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of wireless communication, antennas are key components for signal transmission and reception, and their performance directly affects the efficiency and stability of the entire communication system. Traditional antenna design often optimizes specific frequency ranges to meet the needs of specific application scenarios. However, with the rapid development of wireless communication technology, especially the rise of high-frequency communication technologies such as 5G, higher requirements are placed on the performance of antennas, one of which is to achieve wideband to adapt to a wider frequency range. In traditional antenna design, dipoles, as the basic building blocks of antennas, their vibration characteristics directly determine the radiation efficiency and frequency response of the antenna. However, the size, shape, and other factors of traditional dipoles limit their effective vibration at different frequencies, and this contradiction is particularly pronounced under the trend of miniaturization. When the physical size of the dipole is reduced, its mechanical resonance frequency range narrows, making it difficult for a single antenna unit to simultaneously meet the wavelength matching requirements of the medium frequency band and the high frequency band. Moreover, the linear structure of traditional antennas limits the superposition ability of multiple resonance modes, ultimately leading to frequency band attenuation of the electromechanical coupling efficiency, making it difficult to accommodate medium and high frequency communication needs. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a wideband antenna of middle high frequency combination, which can accommodate medium and high frequencies.

[0004] A wideband antenna of middle high frequency combination is provided, which includes multiple groups of dipoles and a combiner electrically connected to the dipoles, the multiple groups of dipoles include a group of low frequency dipoles and a group of middle high frequency dipoles; the middle high frequency dipole is a long strip-shaped vibration piece with a hollow middle part; the hollow middle part of the long strip-shaped vibration piece is specifically a profile of middle contraction and both ends expansion (to form a continuous current area on both sides of the long strip-shaped vibration piece), and a gap is formed along the length direction at the middle contraction part; the middle high frequency dipole includes an electroplated through hole near the gap, which is electrically connected to the combiner as a center feeding point; the low frequency dipoles are arranged horizontally and parallel to the middle high frequency dipoles.

[0005] Furthermore, the profile of middle contraction and both ends expansion is specifically two triangular hollows with the bottom edge close to the short side of the long strip-shaped vibration piece and the vertex inwards splicing, and the two triangular hollows are symmetrically arranged with the center point of the long strip-shaped vibration piece as the center.

[0006] Furthermore, the centrally symmetrical arrangement specifically means that the base sides of the two triangular cutouts are parallel to the short side of the long strip-shaped vibrator, and the apex angles of the two triangular cutouts meet at the center of the long strip-shaped vibrator, thus connecting with each other, and the connection point forms the centrally cutout gap.

[0007] Furthermore, the maximum deviation of the aspect ratio of the slit from that of the elongated diaphragm is ±2.5%.

[0008] Furthermore, the narrowest spacing from the short side of the strip-shaped diaphragm to the central hollowed-out area is X, and the value of X ranges from 4% to 10% of the length of the strip-shaped diaphragm.

[0009] Furthermore, the narrowest spacing from the long side of the strip-shaped diaphragm to the central cutout is Y, and the value of Y ranges from 14% to 20% of the width of the strip-shaped diaphragm.

[0010] Furthermore, the two triangular cutouts are chamfered at their two base corners to increase the area of ​​the oscillator plates, thereby increasing the magnetization current path.

[0011] Furthermore, the low-frequency vibrator is a horizontally placed E-shaped vibrator plate, with the left side of the E-shaped vibrator plate being a connected side and the right side having three straight antenna branches of the same length and width.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting side of the E-shaped oscillator is parallel to the long side of the elongated oscillator.

[0013] Furthermore, the low-frequency oscillator operates in a frequency range of less than 1 GHz, and the mid-to-high frequency oscillator operates in a frequency range of 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz.

[0014] Beneficial effects: This broadband antenna, which combines mid- and high-frequency elements, combines a set of low-frequency elements and a set of mid- and high-frequency elements through a combiner to form a broadband antenna covering low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency bands. The high-frequency element is a long strip-shaped oscillator with a hollow center. Specifically, the hollow center adopts a dumbbell-shaped hollow profile that contracts in the middle and expands at both ends, allowing the long strip-shaped oscillator to form a dual current loop. That is, the mid-frequency band is achieved by exciting a U-shaped current and multimode coupling effect through the strong coupling gap in the middle, and the high-frequency band is achieved by exciting a resonant current through the outer ring closed path to form omnidirectional radiation. The mid-frequency and high-frequency bands are isolated by the orthogonal distribution of spatial currents. Thus, a dual-polarized oscillator with a shared oscillator arm for mid- and high-frequency bands is constructed on a single long strip-shaped oscillator, which can be compatible with mid- and high-frequency bands while avoiding mode mixing. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a broadband antenna that combines mid- and high-frequency frequencies.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the mid-to-high frequency vibrator structure of a broadband antenna that combines mid-to-high frequency elements.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the surface magnetization current density of the mid-to-high frequency vibrator in a broadband antenna that combines mid-to-high frequency elements.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Low-frequency oscillator, 3. Medium- and high-frequency oscillator, 3A / 3B. Magnetizing current path, 31. Strip-shaped oscillator, 32. Triangular cutout, 321. Gap, 33. Electroplated through hole, 34. Mounting hole, 4. Combiner. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The broadband antenna shown, which combines mid- and high-frequency elements, includes a combiner 4 mounted on a base 1, and multiple sets of vibrators electrically connected to the combiner 4. In this embodiment, the broadband antenna includes a set of low-frequency vibrators 2 and a set of mid- and high-frequency vibrators 3. The mid- and high-frequency vibrator 3 is a long strip-shaped vibrator with a hollow center. Specifically, the hollow center of the long strip-shaped vibrator has a contour that contracts in the middle and expands at both ends, so that a connected current region is formed on both sides of the long strip-shaped vibrator, and a gap is formed along the length direction at the contracted center. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the surface magnetization current density of the mid-to-high frequency vibrator in the broadband antenna of this embodiment. Specifically, in the diagram, the closer to red, the higher the surface magnetization current density; the closer to blue, the lower the surface magnetization current density. The hollowed-out and slit-like structure in the middle of the elongated vibrator in this embodiment allows the elongated vibrator to form a dual current loop, that is, to excite a U-shaped current through the strongly coupled slit in the middle (see...). Figure 3 The green, light blue, and dark blue current lines in the middle section and the multimode coupling effect achieve the mid-frequency band; the resonant current is excited through the outer ring closed path (see...). Figure 3 The light blue and dark blue current lines at the side magnetization current paths 3A / 3B form omnidirectional radiation to achieve the high-frequency band. The intermediate frequency and high frequency are isolated by the orthogonal distribution of spatial currents, thus constructing a dual-polarized oscillator with a shared arm for intermediate and high frequencies on a single elongated oscillator, which can be compatible with intermediate and high frequencies while avoiding mode mixing. In this embodiment, a set of low-frequency oscillators 2 and a set of mid-to-high frequency oscillators 3 are combined through a combiner 4. The operating frequency range of the low-frequency oscillators is less than 1 GHz, and the operating frequency range of the mid-to-high frequency oscillators is 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz, ultimately forming a broadband antenna covering the low-frequency, intermediate-frequency, and high-frequency bands.

[0022] The mid-high frequency vibrator 3 of the broadband antenna that combines mid-high frequency and high frequency frequencies in this embodiment is shown in [reference 3]. Figure 2 The profile, which contracts in the middle and expands at both ends, is a dumbbell-shaped hollow profile. Specifically, it includes two triangular hollows 32 whose bottom edges are close to the short side of the elongated oscillator and whose vertices face inward. The dumbbell-shaped hollow profile in the middle of the elongated oscillator ensures effective current flow on both sides of the oscillator, which not only increases the current density but also enhances the electromagnetic strength, thereby improving the overall radiation efficiency. The bottom edges of the two triangular hollows 32 are parallel to the short side of the elongated oscillator, thus forming a centrally symmetrical arrangement around the center point of the elongated oscillator. The vertices of the two triangular hollows 32 meet at the center of the elongated oscillator, thus connecting with each other. The connection point forms the aforementioned central hollow gap 321, through which a strong coupling effect can be formed, providing a wider frequency response range without sacrificing performance, and significantly widening the operating bandwidth of the mid-to-high frequency oscillator 3 in the mid-frequency band. The two triangular cutouts 32 have chamfers at their two bottom corners to increase the magnetization current path and reduce the interference between the current in the middle and the current in the magnetization current path 3A / 3B.

[0023] Among them, the maximum deviation of the aspect ratio of the central gap 321 from the aspect ratio of the strip-shaped diaphragm is ±2.5%; the narrowest distance from the short side of the strip-shaped diaphragm to the central hollow is X, and the value of X ranges from 4% to 10% of the length of the strip-shaped diaphragm; the narrowest distance from the long side of the strip-shaped diaphragm to the central hollow is Y, and the value of Y ranges from 14% to 20% of the width of the strip-shaped diaphragm.

[0024] This broadband antenna, which combines mid- and high-frequency bands, is shown below. Figure 1 The low-frequency vibrator 2 and the mid-to-high-frequency vibrator 3 are respectively fixedly mounted above the combiner 4 via support columns, and are arranged horizontally and parallel to each other. The low-frequency vibrator 2 is a horizontally placed E-shaped vibrator. The left side (lower side in the figure) of this E-shaped vibrator is the connecting side, and the right side (upper side in the figure) has three straight antenna branches of the same length and width. The two side antenna branches are respectively provided with support column mounting holes to fix the E-shaped vibrator to the support columns, and the middle antenna branch is provided with a feed terminal for electrical connection to the combiner 4 at the bottom. See Figure 2 The medium- and high-frequency oscillator 3 is fixed to the support column through the mounting hole 34. The medium- and high-frequency oscillator 3 includes an electroplated through hole 33 located near the gap 321. The electroplated through hole 33 serves as the center feed point for electrical connection to the combiner 4.

[0025] Among them, the low-frequency oscillator 2 is made of aluminum plate with good electrical and thermal conductivity, and the medium- and high-frequency oscillator 3 is made of copper material with high electrical conductivity to ensure efficient electromagnetic wave radiation and reception performance. The medium- and high-frequency oscillator 3 is printed with green solder mask on both sides.

[0026] The E-type dipole element of this broadband antenna, which combines mid- and high-frequency bands, has its connected side parallel to the long side of the elongated dipole element, with the distance between them slightly less than the length of the short side of the elongated dipole element. This allows the entire antenna element to maintain high performance while achieving a compact structure, meeting miniaturization requirements. The metal closed-loop structure of the elongated dipole element forms a ring resonant structure, creating a spatial filtering structure near the E-type dipole element, which acts as the low-frequency dipole. When the operating frequency causes the ring resonant structure to approach resonance conditions, a resonant current is excited, leading to low-frequency filtering. Therefore, in this embodiment, the elongated dipole element is connected to a combiner via a coaxial line to share a common ground with the low-frequency dipole element, thereby eliminating interference to the low-frequency dipole element.

[0027] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection. Any non-substantial changes or substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention will still fall within the scope of patent protection.

Claims

1. A broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency elements, comprising multiple sets of elements and a combiner electrically connected to these elements respectively, characterized in that: The multiple sets of oscillators include a set of low-frequency oscillators and a set of mid-to-high-frequency oscillators; the mid-to-high-frequency oscillators are elongated strip-shaped oscillators with a hollow center; the hollow center of the strip-shaped oscillator specifically has a contour that contracts in the middle and expands at both ends, with a gap formed along the length direction at the contraction point; the mid-to-high-frequency oscillators include electroplated through holes located near the gaps, and these electroplated through holes serve as a central feed point electrically connected to the combiner; the low-frequency oscillators are arranged horizontally parallel to the mid-to-high-frequency oscillators.

2. The broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency frequencies as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outline that contracts in the middle and expands at both ends is specifically composed of two triangular cutouts with the bottom edge close to the short side of the long strip-shaped oscillator and the vertices facing inward. These two triangular cutouts are arranged symmetrically with the center point of the long strip-shaped oscillator as the center.

3. The broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency frequencies according to claim 2, characterized in that: The centrally symmetrical arrangement is specifically as follows: the base sides of the two triangular cutouts are parallel to the short side of the long strip-shaped vibrator, and the apex angles of the two triangular cutouts meet at the center of the long strip-shaped vibrator, thus connecting with each other, and the connection point forms the centrally cutout gap.

4. The broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency frequencies as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The maximum deviation of the aspect ratio of the slit from that of the elongated diaphragm is ±2.5%.

5. The broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency frequencies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The narrowest spacing from the short side of the strip-shaped vibrator to the hollowed-out middle part is X, and the value of X ranges from 4% to 10% of the length of the strip-shaped vibrator.

6. The broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency frequencies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The narrowest spacing from the long side of the strip-shaped diaphragm to the central cutout is Y, and the value of Y ranges from 14% to 20% of the width of the strip-shaped diaphragm.

7. The broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency frequencies according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two triangular cutouts have chamfers at their two base corners to increase the area of ​​the vibrator plates.

8. The broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency frequencies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency vibrator is a horizontally placed E-shaped vibrator plate. The left side of the E-shaped vibrator plate is a connected side, and the right side has three straight antenna branches with the same length and width.

9. The broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency frequencies according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connecting side of the E-type vibrator is parallel to the long side of the elongated vibrator.

10. The broadband antenna combining mid- and high-frequency frequencies according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-frequency oscillator operates in a frequency range of less than 1 GHz, and the medium- and high-frequency oscillator operates in a frequency range of 1.7 GHz to 3.7 GHz.

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