Intelligent charging device of lithium battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to an intelligent charging device of a lithium battery. The intelligent charging device comprises a control module, a 4.2 V charging unit, a 12.6 V charging unit, a switching power supply module, a temperature control module and a communication interaction module, the input end of the switching power supply module is connected with an external 220V alternating current power supply; the signal receiving end of the 4.2 V charging unit and the signal receiving end of the 12.6 V charging unit are electrically connected with the control module. The temperature control module is electrically connected with the control module, and the communication interaction module is in communication connection with the control module; in the aspect of safety, the charging voltage and current are accurately controlled, and the temperature control module monitors in real time, so that potential safety hazards such as overheating, fire or explosion of the battery are effectively avoided, and a safe charging environment is provided for a user; meanwhile, the compatibility is also improved, the 4.2 V charging unit and the 12.6 V charging unit in the device can cover various types of lithium batteries with different voltage requirements, the convenience of users is improved, and the service life of the batteries is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of lithium battery charging, and in particular to an intelligent charging device for a lithium battery. BACKGROUND

[0002] From 2018 to 2023, the use amount of lithium batteries in China is increasing, and the production has increased by 4.1 billion, breaking through 17.4 billion in 2023. It can be seen that the production of lithium batteries in China is very large, and the more the use amount of lithium batteries is, but the current durability of these lithium batteries is not long, so our system is born from this, which monitors and protects lithium batteries to make the use of lithium batteries durable. With the growth of the lithium battery market, the technology level is required to be continuously improved, and the market size of the lithium battery intelligent charging system will also grow, and in the field of lithium battery control, the lithium battery is one of the largest markets.

[0003] A large amount of heat is generated during the charging process of lithium batteries. If it is directly exposed to the sun outdoors, it will cause the temperature of the battery to abnormally rise, and further cause the performance of the battery to decline, fire and other safety problems. Abnormal battery temperature is a problem that needs to be concerned about during the charging process of lithium batteries. When lithium batteries are charging, a large amount of heat will be generated inside the battery due to chemical reactions. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, the temperature of the battery will abnormally rise, which is called "thermal runaway". Thermal runaway has a significant impact on the safety and performance of lithium batteries. High temperature can cause the chemical reaction inside the battery to get out of control, which not only shortens the life of the battery, but also can cause fire or explosion and other safety problems.

[0004] Therefore, the existing lithium battery charging device has the following defects:

[0005] 1. Safety problem: lithium batteries have high energy density and flammable and explosive characteristics, so safety needs to be ensured during charging. Some charging devices on the market have defects in design and production, which may cause the battery to overheat, catch fire or explode, and other safety problems;

[0006] 2. Compatibility problem: Because lithium batteries of different brands and different models have different charging characteristics and charging needs, some charging systems on the market may not be compatible with multiple types of lithium batteries, causing inconvenience to users. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0007] In order to solve the above defects, the application provides an intelligent charging device for a lithium battery.

[0008] The above invention of the application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0009] An intelligent charging device for a lithium battery, comprising a control module, a charging adjustment module, a switching power supply module, a temperature control module and a communication interaction module.

[0010] The charging adjustment module comprises a 4.2V charging unit and a 12.6V charging unit, the output end of the switching power supply module is electrically connected with the input end of the 4.2V charging unit and the input end of the 12.6V charging unit respectively, the input end of the switching power supply module is connected with an external 220V alternating current power supply, and the 12.6V charging unit outputs a direct current 24V voltage and the 4.2V charging unit outputs a 5V direct current voltage;

[0011] The signal receiving end of the 4.2V charging unit is electrically connected with the control module, and the signal receiving end of the 12.6V charging unit is electrically connected with the control module;

[0012] The temperature control module is electrically connected with the control module, and the communication interaction module is communicatively connected with the control module.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, the switching power supply module, as the key of energy conversion, converts the external 220V alternating current power supply into a direct current voltage suitable for charging of lithium batteries, and supplies the 4.2V charging unit and the 12.6V charging unit respectively, the 4.2V charging unit and the 12.6V charging unit provide corresponding charging voltages for different types of lithium batteries according to the instructions of the control module; the temperature control module monitors the temperature change in the charging process in real time, and feeds back to the control module when an abnormality is detected, so as to ensure the safety of charging; the communication interaction module is used for information exchange with the outside world, such as receiving the charging instructions of the user or reporting the charging status to the user; in terms of safety, the application effectively avoids the safety hazards such as overheating, fire or explosion of the battery by accurately controlling the charging voltage and current and the real-time monitoring of the temperature control module, and provides a safe charging environment for the user; at the same time, the compatibility is also improved, the 4.2V and 12.6V charging units in the device can cover lithium batteries of various types and different voltage requirements, improve the convenience of the user, and prolong the service life of the battery.

[0014] Optionally, the switching power supply module comprises a rectifier filter unit, a 24V voltage reduction unit and a 24V direct charging unit;

[0015] The input end of the rectifier filter unit is connected with an external 220V alternating current power supply, and the output end of the rectifier filter unit is coupled with the input end of the 24V voltage reduction unit and the input end of the 24V direct charging unit respectively to output a 24V direct current voltage to the 24V voltage reduction unit and the 24V direct charging unit respectively;

[0016] The output end of the 24V voltage reduction unit is coupled with the input end of the 4.2V charging unit to convert 24V direct current voltage into 5V direct current voltage and then output to the 4.2V charging unit; and the output end of the 24V direct charging unit is coupled with the input end of the 12.6V charging unit to output 24V direct current voltage to the 12.6V charging unit.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the rectification filter unit is the front end of the power module, the input end of which is directly connected to the external 220V alternating current power supply, and through the internal rectification and filtering circuit, the rectification filter unit converts alternating current into relatively stable direct current and outputs to the subsequent 24V voltage reduction unit and 24V direct charging unit; the 24V voltage reduction unit receives 24V direct current voltage from the rectification filter unit, and through the internal voltage reduction circuit, further converts the voltage into 5V direct current voltage suitable for the 4.2V charging unit, which not only ensures the accurate stability of the voltage, but also greatly improves the energy utilization efficiency and avoids unnecessary energy consumption; the converted 5V direct current voltage is output to the 4.2V charging unit to provide accurate charging voltage for the lithium battery; at the same time, the 24V direct charging unit also receives 24V direct current voltage from the rectification filter unit and directly outputs 24V direct current voltage to the 12.6V charging unit without additional voltage conversion, which simplifies the circuit structure and reduces the cost, and for the lithium battery that needs higher charging voltage, it can provide a faster and more direct charging experience; through the close cooperation of rectification filtering, voltage reduction and direct charging, the application realizes accurate conversion from alternating current to direct current and from high voltage to low voltage, which meets the specific needs of different charging units for voltage; secondly, the working process of the whole power module is efficient and stable, which not only improves the charging efficiency, but also reduces energy waste and heat generation, which helps to prolong the service life of the charging device.

[0018] Optionally, the 4.2V charging unit comprises a 4.2V charging circuit, a 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit and a 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit, the input end of the 4.2V charging circuit is coupled with the output end of the 24V voltage reduction unit, the output end of the 4.2V charging circuit is coupled with the input end of the 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit, and the output end of the 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit is coupled with the input end of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit.

[0019] The 12.6V charging unit comprises a 12.6V charging circuit, a 12.6V reverse connection prevention circuit and a 12.6V reverse connection detection circuit, the input end of the 12.6V charging circuit is coupled with the output end of the 24V direct charging unit, the input end of the 12.6V reverse connection prevention circuit is coupled with the output end of the 12.6V charging circuit, and the input end of the 12.6V reverse connection detection circuit is coupled with the output end of the 12.6V reverse connection prevention circuit.

[0020] The 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit and the 12.6V reverse connection detection circuit are electrically connected with the control module.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, in the lithium battery intelligent charging device, the 4.2V charging unit and the 12.6V charging unit need to provide a safe and stable charging environment for lithium batteries with different voltage requirements respectively; for the 4.2V charging unit, the input end of the 4.2V charging circuit is connected with the output end of the 24V step-down unit, so as to ensure that the 5V direct current voltage output by the 24V step-down unit is accurately transmitted to the 4.2V charging circuit, is further processed by the 4.2V charging circuit, is converted into a 4.2V constant voltage suitable for charging of the lithium battery, and is output to the 4.2V anti-reverse connection circuit, which can effectively prevent circuit short circuit or damage caused by reverse connection of the battery, thereby protecting the charging equipment and the battery itself from damage; the voltage processed by the anti-reverse connection circuit enters the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit again, which can monitor the connection state of the battery in real time, and once the reverse connection is found, the protection mechanism is triggered immediately to ensure the safety of the charging process; similarly, the 12.6V charging unit also adopts a similar structure design, the 12.6V charging circuit directly receives the 24V direct current voltage from the 24V direct charging unit, and converts it into a 12.6V voltage suitable for charging of the high-voltage lithium battery through the internal circuit; the 12.6V voltage is double-protected by the anti-reverse connection circuit and the reverse connection detection circuit to ensure that the charging process is efficient and safe; the present application provides corresponding stable and accurate charging voltage for the lithium battery through the combination of the charging circuit, the anti-reverse connection circuit and the reverse connection detection circuit, effectively avoiding safety hazards such as overcharging and overdischarging; at the same time, the addition of the anti-reverse connection circuit and the reverse connection detection circuit enhances the safety performance of the charging equipment, which can quickly cut off the circuit even in the case of improper operation of the user or incorrect connection of the battery, thereby preventing accidents.

[0022] Optionally, the 4.2V charging circuit comprises a charging management chip U12, an inductor L6, an indicator lamp LED5, an indicator lamp LED6 and a MOS tube Q12.

[0023] The first pin of the charging management chip U12 is connected with the 5V direct current voltage input by the 24V step-down unit, the second pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the base of the MOS tube Q12, the base of the MOS tube Q12 is coupled to a 3.3V voltage input interface through a resistor R67, the emitter of the MOS tube Q12 is grounded, and the collector of the MOS tube Q12 is coupled to a lithium battery charging end 4.2V CON1 through a resistor R68.

[0024] The third pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the cathode of the indicator lamp LED5, the fourth pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the cathode of the indicator lamp LED6, the anode of the indicator lamp LED5 is coupled to the 3.3V voltage input interface through the resistor R60, the anode of the indicator lamp LED6 is coupled to the 3.3V voltage input interface through the resistor R63, and the anode of the indicator lamp LED5 and the anode of the indicator lamp LED6 are coupled to the same 3.3V voltage input interface;

[0025] The fifth pin of the charging management chip U12 is grounded through the resistor R148, the sixth pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the input end of the 4.2V anti-reverse connection circuit through the resistor R66, the seventh pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the sixth pin of the charging management chip U12 through the resistor R65, and the seventh pin and the sixth pin are both grounded, the eighth pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the first pin of the inductor L6, and the second pin of the inductor L6 is coupled to the seventh pin of the charging management chip U12.

[0026] By adopting the technical scheme, in the 4.2V charging circuit, the charging management chip U12 is used as a core component to control and manage the whole charging process: the first pin of the charging management chip U12 is connected to a 5V direct current voltage provided by the 24V voltage reduction unit to serve as a working power supply of the chip; the second pin is connected to the base of the MOS tube Q12 and is coupled to the 3.3V voltage input interface through the resistor R67, so that the MOS tube Q12 can be turned on or turned off under the control of the charging management chip U12, thereby controlling the on-off of the charging current; the emitter of the MOS tube Q12 is grounded, and the collector is connected to the lithium battery charging end 4.2V CON1 through the resistor R68, thereby realizing the charging control of the lithium battery; the third and fourth pins of the charging management chip U12 are connected to the cathodes of the indicator lights LED5 and LED6 respectively, and the anodes of the indicator lights LED5 and LED6 are commonly connected to the 3.3V voltage input interface through the resistors R60 and R63, so that the indicator lights can be lit or extinguished according to the control signal of the charging management chip U12, thereby providing intuitive charging state indication for the user; the fifth pin is grounded through the resistor R148 and can be used to set the working mode of the chip or provide a necessary ground reference; the sixth pin is connected to the input end of the 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit through the resistor R66, and the seventh pin is also coupled to the sixth pin through the resistor R65, and the coupling node of the two is grounded, which is used to realize the signal transmission or level conversion between the charging circuit and the reverse connection prevention circuit, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the charging process; the eighth pin is connected to the first pin of the inductor L6, and the second pin of the inductor L6 is coupled to the seventh pin of the charging management chip U12, so that the inductor L6 can play a role of energy storage and filtering and work with the charging management chip U12 to provide stable and smooth charging current for the lithium battery.

[0027] Optionally, the 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit comprises MOS tubes Q14 and Q15.

[0028] The source of the MOS tube Q14 is coupled to the output end of the 4.2V charging unit through the resistor R82, and the source of the MOS tube Q14 is coupled to the input end of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit through the resistor R85; the drain of the MOS tube Q14 is grounded, and the gate of the MOS tube Q14 is coupled to the drain of the MOS tube Q15.

[0029] The source of the MOS tube Q15 is coupled to the drain of the MOS tube Q14 and grounded, and the source of the MOS tube Q15 is coupled to one end of the resistor R84 away from the MOS tube Q14, and the drain of the MOS tube Q15 is coupled to the input end of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit.

[0030] By adopting the above technical scheme, in the 4.2V anti-reverse connection circuit, the MOS tube Q14 and the MOS tube Q15 jointly constitute an anti-reverse connection protection mechanism, the collector of the MOS tube Q14 is connected with the output end of the 4.2V charging unit through the resistor R82, and the collector of the MOS tube Q14 is also coupled with the input end of the 4.2V anti-reverse connection detection circuit through the resistor R85, the drain of the MOS tube Q14 is grounded, and the gate of the MOS tube Q14 is connected with the drain of the MOS tube Q15, the source of the MOS tube Q15 and the drain of the MOS tube Q14 are grounded together, and the source of the MOS tube Q15 is also connected with the drain of the MOS tube Q14 through the resistor R84, and the drain of the MOS tube Q15 is also coupled to the input end of the 4.2V anti-reverse connection detection circuit; when the battery is correctly connected, the MOS tube Q14 is turned on due to its forward conduction characteristic, so that the current can flow smoothly, and at the same time, the MOS tube Q15 is kept in a cut-off state due to that the gate of the MOS tube Q15 does not obtain sufficient voltage, without affecting normal charging, and if the battery is reversed, the MOS tube Q14 blocks the current due to reverse cut-off, at this time, if the gate of the MOS tube Q15 obtains sufficient voltage, the MOS tube Q15 will be turned on, triggering the anti-reverse connection detection circuit.

[0031] Optionally, the 4.2V anti-reverse connection detection circuit comprises a diode D14 and an operational amplifier U25.1.

[0032] The cathode of the diode D14 is coupled to the output end of the 4.2V anti-reverse connection circuit, the anode of the diode D14 is coupled to the second pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 through the resistor R87, and the anode of the diode D14 is grounded through the resistor R89;

[0033] The first pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to the control module through the resistor R86, the third pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to a 3.3V voltage input interface through the resistor R88, and the third pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is grounded through the resistor R90; the fourth pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is grounded, and the eighth pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to another 3.3V voltage input interface.

[0034] By adopting the above technical scheme, the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit is composed of a diode D14 and an operational amplifier U25.1. The cathode of the diode D14 is connected with the output end of the 4.2V anti-reverse connection circuit, the anode of the diode D14 is coupled to the second pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 through a resistor R87, and the anode of the diode D14 is also grounded through a resistor R89. The first pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is connected with the control module through a resistor R86, for transmitting the reverse connection detection signal. The third pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to a 3.3V voltage input interface through a resistor R88, and is grounded through a resistor R90, for setting the working point of the operational amplifier or providing a reference voltage. The fourth pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is grounded, and the eighth pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to another 3.3V voltage input interface, for providing the operational amplifier with a working power supply. When the battery is reversely connected to cause the MOS tube Q15 to be turned on, the anode voltage of the diode D14 will change, and the change is detected and amplified by the operational amplifier U25.1, and then is transmitted to the control module through the resistor R86. The control module judges whether the battery is reversely connected according to the received signal, and takes corresponding protection measures, such as cutting off the charging circuit.

[0035] Optionally, the 12.6V charging circuit comprises a charging management chip U10, a MOS tube U9, an indicator lamp LED3, an indicator lamp LED4, a MOS tube Q11, a diode D7, a diode D8 and an inductor L4.

[0036] The first pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the output end of the 24V direct charging unit. The second pin and the third pin of the charging management chip U10 are coupled and grounded. The fourth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the cathode of the indicator lamp LED4. The fifth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the cathode of the indicator lamp LED3. The anode of the indicator lamp LED4 and the anode of the indicator lamp LED3 are respectively coupled to the same 3.3V voltage input interface through a resistor R39 and a resistor R38.

[0037] The sixth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the drain of the MOS tube Q11. The source of the MOS tube Q11 is grounded. The gate of the MOS tube Q11 is coupled to the 12.6V CON1 of the lithium battery charging end.

[0038] The seventh pin of the charging management chip U10 is grounded through the resistor R43, and the eighth pin of the charging management chip U10 is grounded through the capacitor C39; the ninth pin, the tenth pin and the eleventh pin of the charging management chip U10 are all grounded, the thirteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the first pin of the inductor L4, the second pin of the inductor L4 is coupled to the anode of the diode D8, the cathode of the diode D8 is grounded, the thirteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the input end of the 12.6V anti-reverse connection circuit through the resistor R35 and the resistor R36, the fourteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the input end of the 12.6V anti-reverse connection circuit through the resistor R36, the fifteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 between the thirteenth pin and the fourteenth pin is coupled to the output end of the 24V direct charging unit and is grounded, and the sixteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the gate of the MOS tube U9, the source of the MOS tube U9 is coupled to the first pin of the charging management chip U10, the drain of the MOS tube U9 is coupled to the cathode of the diode D7, and the anode of the diode D7 is coupled to the second pin of the inductor L4.

[0039] By adopting the technical scheme, the charging management chip U10 is used for managing and controlling the charging process, a first pin of the charging management chip U10 is connected to an output end of the 24V direct charging unit and serves as a charging power input, second and third pins of the charging management chip U10 are grounded and provide a stable reference level, fourth and fifth pins of the charging management chip U10 are respectively connected to cathodes of indicator lamps LED4 and LED3 and are connected to a 3.3V voltage interface through resistors R39 and R38, and are used for indicating a charging state, when the charging is performed, the indicator lamps LED4 and LED3 are lit or extinguished according to a control signal of the charging management chip, and an intuitive charging state feedback is provided, a sixth pin of the charging management chip is connected to a drain of a MOS tube Q11, a source of the MOS tube Q11 is grounded, and a gate of the MOS tube Q11 is connected to a 12.6V lithium battery charging end CON1, so that the chip can adjust a charging current of the lithium battery by controlling a gate voltage of the Q11, and charging management is realized, a seventh pin of the charging management chip is grounded through a resistor R43 and is used for setting working parameters of the chip or providing a protection function, an eighth pin of the charging management chip is grounded through a capacitor C39 and is helpful to filter high-frequency noise in the power supply and improve circuit stability, ninth, tenth and eleventh pins of the charging management chip are all grounded and provide necessary grounding connections for internal circuits of the chip, a thirteenth pin of the charging management chip is connected to a first pin of an inductor L4, the inductor L4 is connected to the ground in series with a diode D8, and a charging current path is formed, the inductor L4 plays a role of energy storage and filtering and ensures smoothness and continuity of the charging current, the thirteenth pin of the charging management chip is connected to an input end of a 12.6V anti-reverse connection circuit through resistors R35 and R36, and a fourteenth pin of the charging management chip is connected to the input end of the 12.6V anti-reverse connection circuit through the resistor R36, and is used for detecting an input voltage and preventing reverse connection protection, a fifteenth pin of the charging management chip is connected to the output end of the 24V direct charging unit and is grounded and is used for overvoltage or undervoltage protection, a sixteenth pin of the charging management chip is connected to a gate of a MOS tube U9 and controls conduction and cutoff of the U9, a source of the U9 is connected to the first pin of the charging management chip, and a drain of the U9 is connected to a second pin of the inductor L4 through the diode D7 and forms another charging current path, when the charging management chip detects that charging is needed, the U9 is controlled to be turned on, so that the charging current flows into the lithium battery through the L4 and the D8, and the D7 provides reverse protection and prevents current backflow, through accurate control of the charging management chip U10, constant voltage and constant current charging of the lithium battery can be realized, and potential safety hazards such as overcharging, overdischarging and short circuit are avoided, meanwhile, elements such as the inductor, the diode and the MOS tube in the circuit cooperate with each other and ensure stability and efficiency of the charging process. In addition, the addition of the indicator lamps enables a user to intuitively understand the charging state and improves convenience of use.

[0040] Optionally, the temperature control module comprises a temperature detection unit and a fan power supply control unit, and the temperature detection unit and the fan power supply control unit are electrically connected with the control module.

[0041] By adopting the technical scheme, the temperature control module is used for monitoring the working temperature of the equipment and intelligently regulating and controlling the operation of the fan according to the temperature condition, so as to ensure that the equipment works efficiently in a safe temperature range; the temperature control module comprises a temperature detection unit and a fan power supply control unit, and the temperature detection unit and the fan power supply control unit are electrically connected with the control module; the temperature detection unit senses the temperature change inside the charging equipment in real time, and converts the temperature information into an electric signal to be transmitted to the control module, thereby providing a direct basis for the control module to judge the current temperature condition; the fan power supply control unit adjusts the operation state of the fan according to the instruction issued by the control module.

[0042] Optionally, the fan power supply control unit comprises a triode Q28, a diode D24, a port CN14 and a MOS tube Q27.

[0043] The collector of the triode Q28 is coupled to a 3.3V voltage input interface through a resistor R143, the emitter of the triode Q28 is grounded, and the base of the triode Q28 is coupled to the control module through a resistor R145.

[0044] The source of the MOS tube Q27 is coupled to the first pin of the port CN14, the drain of the MOS tube Q27 is grounded, and the gate of the MOS tube Q27 is coupled to the collector of the triode Q28; the second pin of the port CN14 is coupled to a 24V voltage input interface, and the first pin and the second pin of the port CN14 are respectively coupled to the cathode and the anode of the diode D24.

[0045] By adopting the above technical scheme, the fan power supply control unit is an important part of the charging device for controlling the operation of the fan, and the fan power supply control unit includes a triode Q28, a diode D24, a port CN14 and a MOS tube Q27; the triode Q28 is used as a control element, the collector thereof is connected with a 3.3V voltage input interface through a resistor R143 to provide a path for fan power supply, the emitter of the triode Q28 is grounded to form a complete current loop; the base of the triode Q28 is connected with the control module through a resistor R145, which indicates that the control module can control the conduction and cut-off of the triode Q28 by adjusting the voltage or current output to the base, so as to realize the control of fan power supply; the MOS tube Q27 is used as a switching element, the source thereof is connected with the first pin of the port CN14, the drain is grounded, and the gate of the MOS tube Q27 is connected with the collector of the triode Q28; when the triode Q28 is turned on, the gate of the MOS tube Q27 will also receive a corresponding voltage to make it conductive, thereby allowing current to flow from the first pin of the port CN14 to provide power for the fan; the second pin of the port CN14 is directly coupled to a 24V voltage input interface to provide the required power supply voltage for the fan, and meanwhile, the diode D24 is connected in parallel between the first and second pins of the port CN14 to play a role of protecting the circuit and preventing damage caused by reverse current flow.

[0046] Optionally, the communication interaction module includes a serial touch screen, a 4G unit and a Bluetooth unit, and the serial touch screen, the 4G unit and the Bluetooth unit are in communication connection with the control module.

[0047] By adopting the above technical scheme, the communication interaction module is a key part of the charging device responsible for information input, output and remote communication, which includes a serial touch screen, a 4G unit and a Bluetooth unit; the serial touch screen is used as a direct interface for human-computer interaction, for displaying information of the charging device and allowing the user to input instructions or adjust settings through touch operation; the 4G unit provides the ability of remote communication, so that the charging device can exchange data with external devices or systems supporting 4G network; the Bluetooth unit allows the charging device to wirelessly connect and transmit data with other Bluetooth-enabled devices through short-range wireless communication technology; the present application realizes the interaction between the user and the charging device by setting the communication interaction module, and realizes the real-time monitoring of the charging parameters, has the effects of increasing the flexibility and portability of the device, and meeting the use requirements in different scenes.

[0048] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0049] 1. In terms of safety, the application effectively avoids potential safety hazards such as battery overheating, fire or explosion by precisely controlling the charging voltage and current, and real-time monitoring of the temperature control module, providing a safe charging environment for users; at the same time, the compatibility has also been improved, the 4.2V and 12.6V charging units in the device can cover a variety of types of lithium batteries with different voltage requirements, improving the convenience of users and prolonging the service life of the battery;

[0050] 2. The application realizes accurate conversion from alternating current to direct current and from high voltage to low voltage through the close cooperation of rectification filtering, voltage reduction and direct charging, meeting the specific voltage requirements of different charging units; secondly, the working process of the entire power module is efficient and stable, not only improving the charging efficiency, but also reducing energy waste and heat generation, which helps to prolong the service life of the charging device;

[0051] 3. The application provides corresponding stable and accurate charging voltage for lithium batteries through the combination of charging circuit, anti-reverse connection circuit and reverse connection detection circuit, effectively avoiding overcharging, overdischarging and other safety hazards; at the same time, the addition of the anti-reverse connection circuit and the reverse connection detection circuit enhances the safety performance of the charging equipment, even in the case of improper operation by the user or incorrect connection of the battery, the circuit can be quickly cut off to prevent accidents;

[0052] 4. The application realizes the interaction between the user and the charging device by setting the communication interaction module, and monitors the charging parameters in real time, which has the effect of increasing the flexibility and portability of the equipment, meeting the use requirements in different scenes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of the intelligent charging device for lithium batteries of the application;

[0054] Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram of the charging adjustment module and the switching power supply module in an embodiment of the intelligent charging device for lithium batteries of the application;

[0055] Figure 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of the 4.2V charging circuit in an embodiment of the intelligent charging device for lithium batteries of the application;

[0056] Figure 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of the 4.2V anti-reverse connection circuit in an embodiment of the intelligent charging device for lithium batteries of the application;

[0057] Figure 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit in an embodiment of the intelligent charging device for lithium batteries of the application;

[0058] Figure 6This is a circuit diagram of the 12.6V charging circuit in an embodiment of a smart charging device for a lithium battery according to this application.

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic block diagram of the temperature control module in an embodiment of a smart charging device for a lithium battery according to this application.

[0060] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the temperature detection unit and the fan power supply control unit in an embodiment of an intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to this application.

[0061] Figure 9 This is a schematic block diagram of the communication interaction module in an embodiment of a smart charging device for a lithium battery according to this application;

[0062] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Control module; 2. Charging regulation module; 21. 4.2V charging unit; 22. 12.6V charging unit; 3. Switching power supply module; 4. Temperature control module; 41. Temperature detection unit; 42. Fan power supply control unit; 5. Communication interaction module. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-9 The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

[0064] This application discloses an intelligent charging device for lithium batteries, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, the system includes a control module, a charging regulation module, a switching power supply module, a temperature control module, and a communication interaction module. The charging regulation module includes a 4.2V charging unit and a 12.6V charging unit. The output terminal of the switching power supply module is electrically connected to the input terminals of both the 4.2V and 12.6V charging units. The input terminal of the switching power supply module is connected to an external 220V AC power supply and outputs a 24V DC voltage to the 12.6V charging unit and a 5V DC voltage to the 4.2V charging unit. The signal receiving terminal of both the 4.2V and 12.6V charging units is electrically connected to the control module. The temperature control module is electrically connected to the control module, and the communication interaction module is communicatively connected to the control module.

[0065] The control module is an MCU embedded microprocessor.

[0066] In the embodiment, the switching power supply module includes a rectification filtering unit, a 24V voltage reduction unit and a 24V direct charging unit; an input end of the rectification filtering unit is connected to an external 220V alternating current power supply, and output ends of the rectification filtering unit are coupled with an input end of the 24V voltage reduction unit and an input end of the 24V direct charging unit respectively to output 24V direct current voltage to the 24V voltage reduction unit and the 24V direct charging unit respectively;

[0067] The output end of the 24V voltage reduction unit is coupled with an input end of the 4.2V charging unit to convert 24V direct current voltage into 5V direct current voltage and then output to the 4.2V charging unit; and the output end of the 24V direct charging unit is coupled with an input end of the 12.6V charging unit to output 24V direct current voltage to the 12.6V charging unit.

[0068] The 4.2V charging unit includes a 4.2V charging circuit, a 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit and a 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit, an input end of the 4.2V charging circuit is coupled with an output end of the 24V voltage reduction unit, an output end of the 4.2V charging circuit is coupled with an input end of the 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit, and an output end of the 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit is coupled with an input end of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit;

[0069] The 12.6V charging unit includes a 12.6V charging circuit, a 12.6V reverse connection prevention circuit and a 12.6V reverse connection detection circuit, an input end of the 12.6V charging circuit is coupled with an output end of the 24V direct charging unit, an input end of the 12.6V reverse connection prevention circuit is coupled with an output end of the 12.6V charging circuit, and an input end of the 12.6V reverse connection detection circuit is coupled with an output end of the 12.6V reverse connection prevention circuit;

[0070] The 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit and the 12.6V reverse connection detection circuit are electrically connected with the control module.

[0071] In the embodiment, as Figure 3As shown, the 4.2V charging circuit includes a charging management chip U12, an inductor L6, an indicator LED5, an indicator LED6 and a MOS tube Q12; the first pin of the charging management chip U12 is connected to the 5V direct current voltage input of the 24V voltage reduction unit, and the first pin is coupled with a capacitor C43 and a capacitor C47 arranged in parallel, the other end of the capacitor C43 and the capacitor C47 is grounded, the second pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled with the base of the MOS tube Q12, and the base of the MOS tube Q12 is coupled with the 3.3V voltage input interface through a resistor R67, the emitter of the MOS tube Q12 is grounded, and the collector of the MOS tube Q12 is coupled with the 4.2V lithium battery charging end CON1 through a resistor R68; the third pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled with the cathode of the indicator LED5, the fourth pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled with the cathode of the indicator LED6, the anode of the indicator LED5 is coupled with the 3.3V voltage input interface through a resistor R60, the anode of the indicator LED6 is coupled with the 3.3V voltage input interface through a resistor R63, and the anode of the indicator LED5 and the anode of the indicator LED6 are coupled with the same 3.3V voltage input interface; the fifth pin of the charging management chip U12 is grounded through a resistor R148, and the first pin and the fifth pin of the charging management chip U12 are coupled with a resistor R56, the sixth pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled with the input end +4.2V_C1 of the 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit through a resistor R66, the seventh pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled with the sixth pin of the charging management chip U12 through a resistor R65, and the sixth pin and the seventh pin are grounded through a capacitor C53 and a capacitor C54 respectively, the eighth pin of the charging management chip U12 and the first pin of the inductor L6 are coupled, the second pin of the inductor L6 and the seventh pin of the charging management chip U12 are coupled, and the capacitor C54 is coupled with a capacitor C55 in parallel, one end of the capacitor C55 is coupled with the ground end of the capacitor C54, the other end of the capacitor C55 is coupled with one end of the resistor R66 close to the charging management chip U12, and the coupling point of the capacitor C55 and the resistor R66 is the IN5+ node.

[0072] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 the 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit includes a MOS tube Q14 and a MOS tube Q15; the source of the MOS tube Q14 is coupled with the output end of the 4.2V charging unit through a resistor R82, and the source of the MOS tube Q14 is coupled with the input end of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit through a resistor R85; the drain of the MOS tube Q14 is grounded, and the gate of the MOS tube Q14 is coupled with the drain of the MOS tube Q15; the source of the MOS tube Q15 and the drain of the MOS tube Q14 are coupled and grounded, and the source of the MOS tube Q15 is coupled with one end of the resistor R84 away from the MOS tube Q14, and the drain of the MOS tube Q15 is coupled with the input end of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit.

[0073] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 the cathode of diode D14 is coupled to the output end of the 4.2V reverse connection prevention circuit, the anode of diode D14 is coupled to the second pin of operational amplifier U25.1 through resistor R87, and the anode of diode D14 is grounded through resistor R89; the first pin of operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to the control module through resistor R86, the third pin of operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to the 3.3V voltage input interface through resistor R88, and the third pin of operational amplifier U25.1 is grounded through resistor R90; the fourth pin of operational amplifier U25.1 is grounded, and the eighth pin of operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to another 3.3V voltage input interface.

[0074] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 6As shown, the 12.6V charging circuit includes a charging management chip U10, a MOSFET U9, indicator lights LED3 and LED4, a MOSFET Q11, diodes D7 and D8, and an inductor L4. The first pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the output of the 24V direct charging unit via capacitor C32. The second and third pins of the charging management chip U10 are coupled to ground. The fourth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the cathode of indicator light LED4. The fifth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the cathode of indicator light LED3. The anodes of indicator lights LED4 and LED3 are coupled to the same 3.3V voltage input interface via resistors R39 and R38, respectively. The sixth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the drain of MOSFET Q11. The source of MOSFET Q11 is grounded, and the gate of MOSFET Q11 is coupled to the 12.6V lithium battery charging terminal. CON1; The seventh pin of the charging management chip U10 is grounded through resistor R43, and the eighth pin of the charging management chip U10 is grounded through capacitor C39; the ninth pin of the charging management chip U10 is grounded through resistor R44 and capacitor C38; the tenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the end of capacitor C38 away from resistor R44 and grounded; the eleventh pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the end of capacitor C38 away from resistor R44 through capacitor C37 and grounded; the thirteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the first pin of inductor L4, the second pin of inductor L4 is coupled to the anode of diode D8, the cathode of diode D8 is grounded, and the thirteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the 12.6V reverse connection protection power supply through resistors R35 and R36. At the input terminal of the circuit, the fourteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the input terminal of the 12.6V reverse connection protection circuit through resistor R36, and the thirteenth and fourteenth pins are grounded through capacitors C33 and C34 respectively. At the same time, the coupling point of capacitor C34 and resistor R36 near the end of the charging management chip U10 is set as the IN4+ node. The fifteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the output terminal of the 24V direct charging unit and is grounded through capacitors C35 and C36 connected in parallel. The sixteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the gate of MOSFET U9. The source of MOSFET U9 is coupled to the first pin of the charging management chip U10 through capacitor C32. The drain of MOSFET U9 is coupled to the cathode of diode D7. The anode of diode D7 is coupled to the second pin of inductor L4.

[0075] In this embodiment, as Figures 7-8 As shown, the temperature control module includes a temperature detection unit and a fan power supply control unit, both of which are electrically connected to the control module.

[0076] The temperature detection unit comprises a resistor R142, a resistor R144 and a capacitor C110, one end of the resistor R142 is coupled to a 3.3V voltage input interface, the other end of the resistor R142 is coupled to one end of the resistor R144 and one end of the capacitor C110 respectively, the other end of the resistor R144 is grounded, the other end of the capacitor C110 is grounded, and the end of the capacitor C110 coupled to the resistor R142 is coupled to the control module;

[0077] The fan power supply control unit comprises a transistor Q28, a diode D24, a port CN14 and a MOS tube Q27; the collector of the transistor Q28 is coupled to the 3.3V voltage input interface through a resistor R143, the emitter of the transistor Q28 is grounded, and the base of the transistor Q28 is coupled to the control module through a resistor R145; the source of the MOS tube Q27 is coupled to the first pin of the port CN14, the drain of the MOS tube Q27 is grounded, and the gate of the MOS tube Q27 is coupled to the collector of the transistor Q28; the second pin of the port CN14 is coupled to the 24V voltage input interface, and the first pin and the second pin of the port CN14 are coupled to the cathode and the anode of the diode D24 respectively.

[0078] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 9 The communication interaction module comprises a serial touch screen, a 4G unit and a Bluetooth unit, and the serial touch screen, the 4G unit and the Bluetooth unit are in communication connection with the control module.

[0079] The implementation principle of the intelligent charging device for lithium batteries in the embodiment of the application is as follows:

[0080] In terms of safety, by accurately controlling the charging voltage and current and the real-time monitoring of the temperature control module, the safety hazards such as battery overheating, fire or explosion are effectively avoided, and a safe charging environment is provided for users; in terms of compatibility, the 4.2V and 12.6V charging units in the device can cover various types of lithium batteries with different voltage requirements, improve the convenience of users, and prolong the service life of the batteries; at the same time, the addition of the reverse connection prevention circuit and the reverse connection detection circuit enhances the safety performance of the charging equipment, and even in the case of improper operation of the user or incorrect connection of the battery, the circuit can be quickly cut off to prevent accidents.

[0081] The above are preferred embodiments of the application, and do not limit the protection scope of the application, any feature disclosed in the specification (including the abstract and the drawings) can be replaced by other equivalent or similar features unless specifically described, that is, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features unless specifically described.

Claims

1. A smart charging device for lithium batteries, characterized in that: It includes a control module, a charging regulation module, a switching power supply module, a temperature control module, and a communication interaction module; The charging regulation module includes a 4.2V charging unit and a 12.6V charging unit. The output terminal of the switching power supply module is electrically connected to the input terminals of the 4.2V charging unit and the 12.6V charging unit, respectively. The input terminal of the switching power supply module is connected to an external 220V AC power supply, and outputs a DC 24V voltage to the 12.6V charging unit and a DC 5V voltage to the 4.2V charging unit. The signal receiving end of the 4.2V charging unit is electrically connected to the control module, and the signal receiving end of the 12.6V charging unit is electrically connected to the control module. The temperature control module is electrically connected to the control module, and the communication interaction module is communicatively connected to the control module.

2. The intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching power supply module includes a rectifier and filter unit, a 24V step-down unit, and a 24V direct charging unit; The input terminal of the rectifier and filter unit is connected to an external 220V AC power supply. The output terminal of the rectifier and filter unit is coupled to the input terminal of the 24V step-down unit and the input terminal of the 24V direct charging unit, respectively, so as to output 24V DC voltage to the 24V step-down unit and the 24V direct charging unit. The output terminal of the 24V step-down unit is coupled to the input terminal of the 4.2V charging unit to convert the 24V DC voltage to a 5V DC voltage and output it to the 4.2V charging unit; the output terminal of the 24V direct charging unit is coupled to the input terminal of the 12.6V charging unit to output the 24V DC voltage to the 12.6V charging unit.

3. The intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The 4.2V charging unit includes a 4.2V charging circuit, a 4.2V reverse connection protection circuit, and a 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit. The input terminal of the 4.2V charging circuit is coupled to the output terminal of the 24V step-down unit. The output terminal of the 4.2V charging circuit is coupled to the input terminal of the 4.2V reverse connection protection circuit. The output terminal of the 4.2V reverse connection protection circuit is coupled to the input terminal of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit. The 12.6V charging unit includes a 12.6V charging circuit, a 12.6V reverse connection protection circuit, and a 12.6V reverse connection detection circuit. The input terminal of the 12.6V charging circuit is coupled to the output terminal of the 24V direct charging unit. The input terminal of the 12.6V reverse connection protection circuit is coupled to the output terminal of the 12.6V charging circuit. The input terminal of the 12.6V reverse connection detection circuit is coupled to the output terminal of the 12.6V reverse connection protection circuit. The 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit and the 12.6V reverse connection detection circuit are both electrically connected to the control module.

4. The intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The 4.2V charging circuit includes a charging management chip U12, an inductor L6, an indicator LED5, an indicator LED6, and a MOSFET Q12; The first pin of the charging management chip U12 is connected to the 5V DC voltage input of the 24V step-down unit. The second pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the base of the MOSFET Q12. The base of the MOSFET Q12 is coupled to the 3.3V voltage input interface through the resistor R67. The emitter of the MOSFET Q12 is grounded. The collector of the MOSFET Q12 is coupled to the 4.2V CON1 of the lithium battery charging terminal through the resistor R68. The third pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the cathode of the indicator LED5, and the fourth pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the cathode of the indicator LED6. The anode of the indicator LED5 is coupled to the 3.3V voltage input interface through resistor R60, and the anode of the indicator LED6 is coupled to the 3.3V voltage input interface through resistor R63. The anodes of the indicator LED5 and the indicator LED6 are coupled to the same 3.3V voltage input interface. The fifth pin of the charging management chip U12 is grounded through resistor R148. The sixth pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the input terminal of the 4.2V reverse connection protection circuit through resistor R66. The seventh pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the sixth pin of the charging management chip U12 through resistor R65, and both the seventh and sixth pins are grounded. The eighth pin of the charging management chip U12 is coupled to the first pin of the inductor L6, and the second pin of the inductor L6 is coupled to the seventh pin of the charging management chip U12.

5. The intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The 4.2V reverse connection protection circuit includes MOSFET Q14 and MOSFET Q15; The source of the MOSFET Q14 is coupled to the output of the 4.2V charging unit through resistor R82, and the source of the MOSFET Q14 is coupled to the input of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit through resistor R85; the drain of the MOSFET Q14 is grounded, and the gate of the MOSFET Q14 is coupled to the drain of the MOSFET Q15. The source of the MOSFET Q15 is coupled to the drain of the MOSFET Q14 and grounded. The source of the MOSFET Q15 is coupled to the end of the resistor R84 away from the MOSFET Q14. The drain of the MOSFET Q15 is coupled to the input terminal of the 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit.

6. The intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The 4.2V reverse connection detection circuit includes diode D14 and operational amplifier U25.1; The cathode of diode D14 is coupled to the output terminal of the 4.2V reverse connection protection circuit, the anode of diode D14 is coupled to the second pin of operational amplifier U25.1 through resistor R87, and the anode of diode D14 is grounded through resistor R89. The first pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to the control module through resistor R86, the third pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to a 3.3V voltage input interface through resistor R88, and the third pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is grounded through resistor R90; the fourth pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is grounded, and the eighth pin of the operational amplifier U25.1 is coupled to another 3.3V voltage input interface.

7. The intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The 12.6V charging circuit includes a charging management chip U10, a MOSFET U9, indicator lights LED3 and LED4, a MOSFET Q11, a diode D7 and a diode D8, and an inductor L4. The first pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the output terminal of the 24V direct charging unit. The second and third pins of the charging management chip U10 are coupled to and grounded. The fourth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the cathode of the indicator LED4. The fifth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the cathode of the indicator LED3. The anodes of the indicator LED4 and the indicator LED3 are coupled to the same 3.3V voltage input interface through resistors R39 and R38, respectively. The sixth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the drain of the MOSFET Q11, the source of the MOSFET Q11 is grounded, and the gate of the MOSFET Q11 is coupled to the lithium battery charging terminal 12.6V CON1. The seventh pin of the charging management chip U10 is grounded through resistor R43, and the eighth pin is grounded through capacitor C39. The ninth, tenth, and eleventh pins of the charging management chip U10 are all grounded. The thirteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the first pin of inductor L4, and the second pin of inductor L4 is coupled to the anode of diode D8. The cathode of diode D8 is grounded. The thirteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the input terminal of the 12.6V reverse connection protection circuit through resistors R35 and R36. The fourteenth pin of the management chip U10 is coupled to the input terminal of the 12.6V reverse connection protection circuit through resistor R36. The fifteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the output terminal of the 24V direct charging unit and grounded between the thirteenth and fourteenth pins. The sixteenth pin of the charging management chip U10 is coupled to the gate of the MOS transistor U9. The source of the MOS transistor U9 is coupled to the first pin of the charging management chip U10. The drain of the MOS transistor U9 is coupled to the cathode of the diode D7. The anode of the diode D7 is coupled to the second pin of the inductor L4.

8. The intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control module includes a temperature detection unit and a fan power supply control unit, both of which are electrically connected to the control module.

9. The intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fan power supply control unit includes a transistor Q28, a diode D24, a port CN14, and a MOSFET Q27. The collector of transistor Q28 is coupled to the 3.3V voltage input interface through resistor R143, the emitter of transistor Q28 is grounded, and the base of transistor Q28 is coupled to the control module through resistor R145. The source of the MOSFET Q27 is coupled to the first pin of the port CN14, the drain of the MOSFET Q27 is grounded, and the gate of the MOSFET Q27 is coupled to the collector of the transistor Q28. The second pin of the port CN14 is coupled to the 24V voltage input interface, and the first and second pins of the port CN14 are coupled to the cathode and anode of the diode D24, respectively.

10. The intelligent charging device for a lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication interaction module includes a serial port touch screen, a 4G unit, and a Bluetooth unit, all of which are communicatively connected to the control module.

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