Novel distillation tower for preparing biodiesel by enzyme method

Abstract

The novel distillation tower comprises a tower body, a gas phase outlet, a biodiesel outlet, a reflux inlet, a feed port, a gas phase inlet, a pump connecting port, a drain outlet, a soft water inlet, an exhaust outlet, a condenser, a supporting piece, a groove type distribution piece, an oil receiving groove plate, a manhole, a liquid level meter port, a pressure meter port and a thermometer port, according to the device, separation of various components in the crude methyl ester is improved, glycerin, reaction intermediate products, vegetable pitch and the like in the crude methyl ester can be removed, the product quality is improved by utilizing a rectification means, the crude methyl ester is subjected to vacuum rectification, the purity of the crude methyl ester is improved, and the purity of the crude methyl ester is improved. Colorless and transparent fatty acid methyl ester can be obtained, meanwhile, the sulfur content, the acid value and the like of the product are also improved, and most of heat of methyl ester rectification can be recovered by recovering latent heat byproduct steam of methyl ester rectification through soft water, so that economic benefits are obtained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to distillation column structure technical field, concretely is a kind of novel enzyme method to make biodiesel distillation column. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biodiesel is the fatty acid ester substance generated by ester exchange reaction using animal and vegetable fats and oils or waste edible oil and low carbon alcohol (methanol or ethanol). Petroleum resources are increasingly scarce, and biodiesel is becoming an international new energy research hotspot.

[0003] Currently, industrial production of biodiesel mainly uses chemical method, using waste edible oil such as acidified oil, gutter oil and old oil as raw material, adding methanol, using acid (hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.) or base (NaOH, KOH, etc.) as catalyst, and then esterification and transesterification reaction to generate biodiesel. Due to the complex composition of domestic waste edible oil raw materials, some problems may occur in the application process of chemical method, such as saponification, acid gum production, low quality of biodiesel distillation, low efficiency, more secondary pollution, etc. Enzymatic production of biodiesel has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, less methanol consumption, low energy consumption, green environmental protection, etc. Compared with traditional chemical process, the process is simple, easy to control, by-product glycerol is easy to separate, the yield of final product is high, and the content of fatty acid methyl ester in final product is high.

[0004] One of the most core processes of enzyme method is the rectification process, and the main equipment is the rectification column. The existing rectification column has simple structure, although it is multi-stage distillation, but the distillation mode is single and the efficiency is not high. The present application designs a new type of enzyme method to make biodiesel distillation column, so that the dried oil phase enters the multi-stage rectification column system, the low carbon fraction is separated from the first column, the medium carbon fraction is separated from the second column, and the plant pitch and high carbon fraction are separated from the third column. The high carbon fraction separated in the rectification process is returned to the rectification system together with the dried oil phase for rectification again, so as to improve the yield of fatty acid methyl ester.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a new type of enzyme method to make biodiesel distillation column. Utility model content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a new type of enzyme method to make biodiesel distillation column, so as to solve the problems in the above background technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a novel enzyme method makes bio -diesel distillation column, including tower body, the top of tower body is equipped with gas phase export, the outer surface of tower body is connected with bio -diesel export, backflow port, feed inlet, gas phase import, pump port, blowdown, soft water import, exhaust outlet, be equipped with condenser, support, slot type distribution spare in the tower body, the lower portion of condenser is equipped with a plurality of oil groove board, the outer surface of tower body is still connected with manhole, liquid level meter table port and pressure gauge port and thermometer port, fixedly connected with fixed block on the oil groove board, a plurality of hinged plates that are mutually hinged are rotatably connected in the fixed block, adjusting assembly, the spacing between a plurality of oil groove board is adjusted through the hinged plate of adjusting assembly.

[0008] Further, the support includes a first support plate and a second support plate, and the slot-type distributor includes a first slot-type distributor, a second slot-type distributor and a third slot-type distributor.

[0009] Further, the tower body is fixedly connected with a filter plate, one of the oil groove boards is fixedly connected with the filter plate, and the remaining oil groove boards are slidingly connected with the filter plate.

[0010] Further, the adjusting assembly includes a driving member fixedly connected with the tower body, a gas pressure rod of the driving member penetrates into the tower body and is fixedly connected with a movable plate, a movable groove is formed through the fixed block, the movable plate penetrates through the movable groove, a rotating shaft rotatably connected with the hinged plate is self-rotated in the movable groove, the movable plate is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft, and the movable plate is located between two hinged plates.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0012] The distillation tower in the application improves the separation of various components in the crude methyl ester, and the method of methyl ester vacuum rectification can remove glycerol, reaction intermediates and plant pitch in the crude methyl ester;

[0013] The product quality is improved by using the rectification means, and the colorless and transparent fatty acid methyl ester can be obtained by vacuum rectification of the crude methyl ester, and the sulfur content and acid value of the product are also improved;

[0014] The soft water recovers the latent heat of methyl ester rectification and produces steam as a byproduct, so that most of the heat of methyl ester rectification can be recovered, thereby achieving economic benefits.

[0015] It is worth noting that: in the application, vacuum rectification and three-layer slot-type distributors are used to effectively prevent wall flow phenomenon, so that colorless and transparent fatty acid methyl ester can be obtained, and the sulfur content and acid value of the product are also improved;

[0016] The condenser at the top of the tower body recovers the latent heat of methyl ester rectification by soft water to produce steam, so that most of the heat of methyl ester rectification can be recovered, thereby obtaining economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a top structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a bottom structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a whole structure top view schematic view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the adjusting assembly structure in the tower body of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a sectional schematic view of the adjusting assembly structure in the tower body of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the cooperation structure of the oil receiving groove plate and the fixing block of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic view of the cooperation structure of the fixing block and the rotating shaft and the hinged plate of the utility model.

[0025] In the drawing: 1, gas phase outlet; 2, biodiesel outlet; 3, reflux port; 4, feed inlet; 5, gas phase inlet; 6, pump receiving port; 7, blowdown port; 8, soft water inlet; 9, exhaust outlet; 10, condenser; 11, first support plate; 12, second support plate; 13, first slot distributor; 14, second slot distributor; 15, third slot distributor; 16, oil receiving groove plate; 17, manhole; 18, liquid level gauge port; 19, pressure gauge port; 20, thermometer port; 21, fixing block; 22, hinged plate; 23, filter plate; 24, driving member; 25, movable plate; 26, movable groove; 27, rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0027] Embodiment one

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-5 The utility model provides a novel enzyme method makes bio -diesel distillation column, including tower body, the top of tower body is equipped with gas phase export 1, the outer surface of tower body is connected with bio -diesel export 2, backflow mouth 3, feed inlet 4, gas phase import 5, pump connection mouth 6, blowdown 7, soft water import 8, exhaust outlet 9, be equipped with condenser 10 in tower body, support piece, slot type distribution spare, the below of condenser 10 is equipped with a plurality of oil groove plate 16, the outer surface of tower body is still connected with manhole 17, liquid level meter table mouth 18 and pressure gauge mouth 19 and thermometer mouth 20, fixedly connected with fixed block 21 on oil groove plate 16, the rotatable connection of fixed block 21 is in a plurality of hinged plates 22 that mutually articulate cooperation,

[0029] Adjusting assembly, adjusting assembly is through the spacing between a plurality of oil groove plate 16 of hinged plate 22 adjustment;

[0030] Support piece includes first support plate 11 and second support plate 12, and slot type distribution spare includes first slot type distributor 13, second slot type distributor 14, third slot type distributor 15.

[0031] The distillation column in the application is three-stage rectification: after the hot crude methyl ester enters the three-stage rectification tower in turn, air extraction is carried out at the top of the tower, the "vacuum" is formed in the tower, the low carbon fraction is separated from the first tower, the medium carbon fraction is separated from the second tower, the plant pitch and the high sulfur fraction are separated from the third tower, the high sulfur fraction is returned to the rectification system again together with the dried oil phase to carry out rectification again, so as to improve the yield of fatty acid methyl ester, and the medium carbon fraction enters the enzyme immobilization reaction section to further prepare fatty acid methyl ester. After the reaction is completed, the yield of methyl ester is >92%;

[0032] First tower rectification: the operating condition is-0.0992MPa; the extraction temperature is about 151 DEG C, and the tower kettle temperature is about 213 DEG C;

[0033] Second tower rectification: the operating condition is-0.098MPa; the extraction temperature is about 182 DEG C, and the tower kettle temperature is about 239 DEG C;

[0034] Third tower rectification: the operating condition is-0.098MPa; the extraction temperature is about 200 DEG C, and the tower kettle temperature is about 250 DEG C.

[0035] The structure of the application is simple, the design is scientific and reasonable, and the use is convenient. Bio-diesel product meeting the national bio-diesel standard and having stable quality and light component product (mainly C6-C8 product) applicable to industrial production can be separated at the same time.

[0036] The crude methyl ester raw material is pumped to the feed inlet 4 in the middle of the rectification tower and enters the rectification tower.

[0037] The rectification tower is a vacuum tower, and the first, second and third groove distributors 13, 14 and 15 are arranged in the tower body, and are distributed in the lower, middle and upper parts of the tower body. The packing layers are arranged between every two adjacent groove distributors, and are supported by the first and second support plates 11 and 12.

[0038] The column tube condenser 10 is arranged at the top of the tower body, and the column tube condenser 10 is located at the upper part of the oil groove plate 16 of the upper part of the rectification tower.

[0039] The distillation process of the present scheme is as follows:

[0040] Firstly, the crude methyl ester raw material is introduced into the tower body through the feed inlet 4, and is uniformly distributed under the action of the first groove distributor 13, and is introduced into the lower end packing tower. In order to avoid the wall flow phenomenon, the third groove distributor 15 is arranged to uniformly distribute the heavy substances in the crude methyl ester raw material again, so as to enhance the rectification separation effect. Finally, the heavy substances are pumped out of the rectification tower through the pump connection port 6.

[0041] Then, the light components in the crude methyl ester raw material are introduced into the packing layer at the upper part of the feed inlet 4 under the action of the steam in the tower body, and are further uniformly distributed and separated by the second groove distributor 14.

[0042] Finally, the purified biodiesel is condensed by the condenser 10 at the top of the tower body, is collected by the oil groove plate 16, and flows out of the tower body from the biodiesel outlet 2.

[0043] Among them, in order to improve the quality of biodiesel, the biodiesel from the biodiesel outlet 2 is pumped again to the reflux port 3 by the reflux pump for further rectification, and the reflux amount is about 5-10%. And the lighter components are evaporated out of the rectification tower from the gas phase outlet 1 at the top of the rectification tower.

[0044] The rectification methyl ester steam is condensed by the column tube condenser 10 at the top of the tower, and the column tube condenser 10 at the top of the tower is condensed by soft water. The soft water is at a temperature of 135℃, enters the condenser 10 from the soft water inlet 8, and the evaporation generates steam to recover the condensation latent heat of the methyl ester steam. The soft water is heated from normal temperature to 135℃ and is circulated in the column tube condenser 10, and the reflux pump provides the reflux port 3 of the rectification tower. The reflux has a great effect on the product sulfur content (short chain) index.

[0045] The rectification tail gas of the column tube condenser 10 at the top of the tower is discharged from the exhaust outlet 9 in an intermittent manner.

[0046] The pump connection port 6 is connected to the pump to discharge plant pitch and the like out of the tower.

[0047] The gas phase inlet 5 is mainly connected to the reboiler at the rear end, and is responsible for the reboiling work of the rectification tower. The high-temperature gas in the tower body is mainly realized by the reboiler. Since the pressure drop is extremely small, a higher evaporation efficiency and a smaller operating temperature difference can be obtained, so as to avoid the high-temperature deterioration of heat-sensitive materials.

[0048] Pollution outlet 7, the waste steam is discharged from the outlet.

[0049] 5 manholes 17 windows, for observing the filler and distributor distribution in the tower.

[0050] Liquid level gauge port 18, connecting liquid level gauge, detecting the liquid level of the tower bottom kettle body.

[0051] 5 thermometer ports 20, installing temperature transmitters, monitoring the temperature of each part of the tower body, facilitating the control of the tower body distillation temperature.

[0052] 5 pressure gauge ports 19, connecting pressure gauges, testing the pressure and vacuum degree of each part of the tower body.

[0053] The distillation column in the application improves the separation of various components in the crude methyl ester compared with the prior art, and the vacuum distillation method of methyl ester can remove glycerol, reaction intermediates and plant pitch existing in the crude methyl ester;

[0054] And the product quality is improved by using the distillation means, and the colorless and transparent fatty acid methyl ester can be obtained by vacuum distillation of the crude methyl ester, and the sulfur content and acid value of the product are also improved;

[0055] And the soft water recovers the latent heat of methyl ester distillation byproduct steam, so that most of the heat of methyl ester distillation can be recovered, thereby obtaining economic benefits.

[0056] It is worth noting that: in the application, vacuum distillation and three-layer tank distributor are used to effectively prevent wall flow phenomenon, so that colorless and transparent fatty acid methyl ester can be obtained, and the sulfur content and acid value of the product are also improved;

[0057] The condenser 10 at the top of the tower body recovers the latent heat of methyl ester distillation byproduct steam by soft water, so that most of the heat of methyl ester distillation can be recovered, thereby obtaining economic benefits.

[0058] The distillation column of the application is mainly applied to enzyme method for producing biodiesel, and the operating pressure and reaction temperature of the three distillation columns are different, so that the distillation process can effectively improve the fractionation and separation of impurities of each carbon chain, improve the product quality, and ensure the stability of the iodine value, color, fatty acid methyl ester content and other quality indexes of biodiesel.

[0059] Example two

[0060] Please refer to Figures 5-8 The filter plate 23 is fixedly connected in the tower body, one of which is connected and fixed with the oil groove plate 16, and the rest of the oil groove plates 16 are slidingly matched with the filter plate 23.

[0061] The adjusting assembly comprises a driving member 24 fixedly connected with the tower body, a pneumatic rod of the driving member 24 penetrates into the tower body and is fixedly connected with a movable plate 25, a movable slot 26 is arranged through the fixed block 21, the movable plate 25 penetrates through the movable slot 26, a rotating shaft 27 rotatably connected with the hinged plate 22 is arranged in the movable slot 26, and the movable plate 25 is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft 27.

[0062] The movable plate 25 is located between the two hinged plates 22.

[0063] In the application, the pneumatic rod is moved through the driving member 24, so as to drive the movable plate 25 to move horizontally, thereby driving the plurality of hinged plates 22 to rotate, and driving the adjacent two oil groove plates 16 to move close to or away from each other, so as to adjust the spacing between the adjacent two oil groove plates 16 and increase the applicability.

[0064] One of the oil groove plates 16 located at the middle position is fixedly connected with the filter plate 23, and the rest of the oil groove plates 16 are movably arranged along the filter plate 23.

[0065] It should be noted that, in the present document, the terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or device.

[0066] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel enzymatic biodiesel distillation column characterized in that, Include: Tower, the tower top is equipped with gas phase exit (1), the tower outer surface is communicated with the biodiesel exit (2), backflow mouth (3), feed inlet (4), gas inlet (5), pump connection mouth (6), blowdown mouth (7), soft water inlet (8), exhaust gas exit (9); The tower is equipped with condenser (10), support, groove type distribution piece, the condenser (10) below is equipped with multiple oil receiving groove plate (16); The tower outer surface is also communicated with manhole (17), liquid level meter table mouth (18) and pressure gauge mouth (19) and thermometer mouth (20); Also include: The oil receiving groove plate (16) is fixedly connected with fixed block (21), the fixed block (21) is rotatably connected with multiple hinged plates (22) that are mutually hinged and matched; Adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly is adjusted through the hinged plate (22) the spacing between multiple the oil receiving groove plate (16).

2. A novel enzymatic biodiesel distillation column as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The support includes first support plate (11) and second support plate (12), and the groove type distribution piece includes first groove type distributor (13), second groove type distributor (14) and third groove type distributor (15).

3. A novel enzymatic biodiesel distillation column as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The tower is fixedly connected with filter plate (23), one of the oil receiving groove plate (16) is connected with the filter plate (23), and the rest of the oil receiving groove plate (16) is slidably connected with the filter plate (23).

4. A novel enzymatic biodiesel distillation column as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The adjusting assembly includes drive member (24) connected with the tower, the air pressure rod of the drive member (24) penetrates the tower and is fixedly connected with movable plate (25), the movable groove (26) is provided on the fixed block (21), the movable plate (25) passes through the movable groove (26), the movable groove (26) is provided with rotating shaft (27) rotatably connected with the hinged plate (22), and the movable plate (25) is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft (27).

5. A novel enzymatic biodiesel distillation column as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The movable plate (25) is located between two the hinged plate (22).

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