Device for extracting and adsorbing lithium in salt lake brine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of lithium extraction, and discloses an extraction and adsorption device for lithium in salt lake brine, which comprises a device body and an extraction chamber, the extraction chamber is arranged at the lower part in the device body and comprises a first adsorption tank, a second adsorption tank and a third adsorption tank, and a desorption tank is arranged at the upper part in the device body and comprises a first adsorption tank, a second adsorption tank and a third adsorption tank. The outer part of the desorption tank is fixedly connected with a pH detection control box, and the top end of the pH detection control box is provided with a pH detector. According to the device for extracting and adsorbing lithium in the salt lake brine, the pH detection control box is arranged, so that the pH value of a desorption solution is dynamically adjusted, the mixed desorption solution with the balanced pH value is guided into an ion sieve through a desorption pipe and is in contact with an adsorbent for desorption, and the pH value of the desorption solution is accurately controlled and is kept in a set range, so that the desorption efficiency is effectively improved, and the lithium in the salt lake brine is extracted and adsorbed. And meanwhile, the corrosion effect of a low pH value on an adsorbent matrix is reduced, and the problem of high titanium solution loss rate is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to lithium extraction technical field, concretely is a lithium extraction adsorption device in salt lake brine. BACKGROUND

[0002] Lithium is the lightest and smallest radius silver-white alkali metal in nature, has extremely strong electrochemical activity, is praised as "the energy metal of promoting world progress", and can be widely applied to electronic, chemical, glass, ceramic, battery, nuclear energy and many other fields. Especially in the global new energy automobile is developing, lithium as the "white oil" of the future, its strategic importance has become the global consensus. According to the annual report of the United States Geological Survey in 2021, global lithium resources can be divided into two categories: brine type lithium ore and hard rock type lithium ore, the resource amount is about 8900 million tons, the proven lithium resource amount of China is closely followed by the lithium triangle area of South America, ranks the sixth in the world. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Natural Resources, China has 9250 million tons of brine type lithium ore, more than 88% of the lithium resources in China exist in the form of salt lake brine, and the salt lake brine lithium extraction has the characteristics of low cost and low energy consumption, and industrial-grade lithium carbonate can be directly obtained, and after purification, it can be converted into deep processing lithium products, so the development of salt lake brine lithium extraction technology will become the main direction of future lithium salt production.

[0003] At present, the methods for extracting lithium from brine include precipitation method, adsorption method, electrodialysis method, solvent extraction method, calcination leaching method, adsorption method + membrane method, etc., among which "adsorption method + membrane method" has an extraction rate of more than 97% for salt lake brine lithium, a retention rate of nearly 100% for ion sieve, and can effectively remove the filter cake layer through backwashing operation, maintain the membrane permeation flux, utilize the selective screening performance of the membrane, realize the direct utilization of the adsorbent, avoid the decline of the adsorption performance caused by the adsorbent granulation process, and has good application prospect.

[0004] However, in the prior art, the desorption liquid pH value (between 1 and 3) is low during the lithium extraction process of the lithium ion sieve adsorbent on the brine, and the acid environment is helpful for the desorption process, but the acid solution can gradually dissolve the skeleton material of the titanium ion sieve, especially under the condition of low pH value, the titanium element is easy to be dissolved and lost, and since the adsorbent repeatedly experiences the adsorption and desorption process, the surface structure of the ion sieve is gradually destroyed in the acid environment, which leads to the reduction or blockage of the adsorbent pore size, and further reduces the adsorption capacity.

[0005] These problems can increase the energy consumption and cost of the subsequent separation and purification process, affect the purity of the final lithium product, and increase the annual loss amount of the adsorbent. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0006] The utility model aims at providing a lithium extraction adsorption device in salt lake brine to solve the problem of high titanium dissolution rate in the background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a lithium extraction adsorption device in salt lake brine, including device body and extraction chamber, the extraction chamber is arranged below in the device body, the extraction chamber includes first adsorption jar, second adsorption jar and third adsorption jar, the desorption jar is arranged on the inside upper portion of device body, the desorption jar is fixedly connected with pH detection control box outside, the pH detector is installed at the top of pH detection control box, the output of pH detection control box is connected to the stirring jar, the acid liquid storage tank is arranged between the desorption jar and stirring jar, the stirring motor is fixedly connected with the stirring frame of the output shaft of stirring motor, the desorption pipe is connected between the bottom end of stirring jar and device body.

[0008] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the desorption tank contains dilute acid solution as desorption liquid, and the acid liquid storage tank contains sodium carbonate acid solution as buffer.

[0009] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the first adsorption jar, the second adsorption jar and the third adsorption jar are connected in series through the connecting pipe, the shunt pipe is installed at the bottom end of the first adsorption jar, and the output end of the shunt pipe is connected to the discharge pipe.

[0010] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the output end of the discharge pipe is connected to the storage tank, and the storage tank is connected to the external purification device.

[0011] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the first adsorption jar is fixed with the flow equalizer at the top, the ion sieve is arranged below the flow equalizer, the frame is fixedly connected with the ion sieve outside, and the lifting frame is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the first adsorption jar.

[0012] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the lifting frame is fixedly connected with the servo motor at the top, the output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected with the screw rod, the screw rod is movably sleeved with the threaded seat outside, and the threaded seat is fixedly connected with the frame.

[0013] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the flow equalizer is annularly distributed with multiple groups of spray heads at the bottom end, and the flow equalizer is located directly above the ion sieve.

[0014] As a further technical scheme of the utility model, the ion sieve is provided with the adsorbent, the ion sieve is made of titanium-based lithium material, and the adsorbent is titanium salt material.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the lithium extraction adsorption device in the salt lake brine has the beneficial effects that: the lithium extraction adsorption device realizes dynamic adjustment of the pH value of the desorption liquid, reduces the titanium dissolution loss rate, realizes multi-stage adsorption design, improves the lithium extraction efficiency, and is convenient to replace and maintain the ion sieve;

[0016] (1) By setting the pH detection control box, the pH detector, the acid liquid storage tank and the stirring tank, the dynamic adjustment of the pH value of the desorption liquid is realized, and the pH balanced desorption liquid after mixing is then introduced into the ion sieve through the desorption pipe and contacts the adsorbent for desorption.

[0017] (2) By setting the first adsorption tank, the second adsorption tank and the third adsorption tank, the multi-stage adsorption design in series is realized, the lithium ions in the low concentration brine are efficiently extracted, compared with the traditional process of backwashing after one-time adsorption, the time of frequent shutdown and cleaning is reduced, and the overall lithium extraction rate is improved.

[0018] (3) By setting the servo motor, the screw rod, the threaded seat, the ion sieve and the frame, the modular installation and convenient replacement of the adsorbent are realized, the replaced ion sieve can be directly installed in the frame, and the problem of adsorption performance decline caused by traditional adsorbent granulation is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view cross-sectional structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view cross-sectional structure schematic view of the stirring tank of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a front view cross-sectional structure schematic view of the lifting frame of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a top view structure schematic view of the current equalizer of the utility model.

[0023] In the drawing: 1, device body; 2, desorption tank; 3, extraction chamber; 4, first adsorption tank; 5, shunt pipe; 6, discharge pipe; 7, connecting pipe; 8, ion sieve; 9, lifting frame; 10, current equalizer; 11, desorption pipe; 12, second adsorption tank; 13, third adsorption tank; 14, storage tank; 15, pH detection control box; 16, pH detector; 17, acid liquid storage tank; 18, stirring motor; 19, stirring tank; 20, stirring frame; 21, servo motor; 22, screw rod; 23, threaded seat; 24, frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-4 The present application provides an embodiment: a lithium extraction adsorption device in salt lake brine, including device body 1 and extraction chamber 3, device body 1 is provided with extraction chamber 3 below, extraction chamber 3 includes first adsorption tank 4, second adsorption tank 12 and third adsorption tank 13, the upper part of the inside of device body 1 is provided with desorption tank 2, the outside of desorption tank 2 is fixedly connected with pH detection control box 15, the top of pH detection control box 15 is installed with pH detector 16, the output end of pH detection control box 15 is connected to stirring tank 19, acid liquid storage tank 17 is arranged between desorption tank 2 and stirring tank 19, stirring motor 18 is fixedly connected with stirring motor 18 at the top of stirring tank 19, the output shaft of stirring motor 18 is fixedly connected with stirring frame 20, desorption pipe 11 is connected between the bottom end of stirring tank 19 and device body 1, dilute acid solution is stored in desorption tank 2 as desorption liquid, sodium carbonate acid liquid is stored in acid liquid storage tank 17 as buffer;

[0026] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the analysis solution is detected by pH detector 16 in real time, if the pH value is detected below the set range, pH detector 16 transmits the signal to pH detection control box 15, pH detection control box 15 controls acid liquid storage tank 17 to extract a certain amount of sodium carbonate acid liquid, which is introduced into stirring tank 19 through connecting pipe 7, stirring motor 18 drives stirring frame 20 to fully stir and mix, and then the desorption liquid with balanced pH value is introduced into ion sieve 8 through desorption pipe 11 and contacts with the adsorbent for desorption.

[0027] The first adsorption tank 4, the second adsorption tank 12 and the third adsorption tank 13 are connected in series through the connecting pipe 7, the first adsorption tank 4 is provided with a shunt pipe 5 at the bottom end, the output end of the shunt pipe 5 is connected to the discharge pipe 6, the output end of the discharge pipe 6 is connected to the storage tank 14, the storage tank 14 is connected to the external purification device, the ion sieve 8 is provided with an adsorbent, the ion sieve 8 is made of titanium-based lithium material, and the adsorbent is titanium salt material;

[0028] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the brine is first evenly distributed to the inside of the first adsorption tank 4 by the flow distributor 10, the lithium ions in the brine are intercepted by the ion sieve 8 and part of the waste liquid is discharged, the brine that is not completely adsorbed enters the second adsorption tank 12 through the connecting pipe 7 for second adsorption, and then is introduced into the third adsorption tank 13 through the connecting pipe 7 to complete the third adsorption. Through the multi-stage adsorption design, the lithium ions in the low-concentration brine are efficiently extracted.

[0029] The flow distributor 10 is fixed at the top of the first adsorption tank 4, the ion sieve 8 is arranged below the flow distributor 10, the frame 24 is fixedly connected outside the ion sieve 8, the lifting frame 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first adsorption tank 4 on both sides, the servo motor 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting frame 9, the output shaft of the servo motor 21 is fixedly connected with the screw rod 22, the screw rod 22 is movably sleeved with the threaded seat 23 outside, the threaded seat 23 is fixedly connected with the frame 24, and the flow distributor 10 is arranged in a ring shape at the bottom end and is located directly above the ion sieve 8.

[0030] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4 The servo motor 21 drives the screw rod 22 to rotate, and drives the threaded seat 23 to lift the frame 24 and the ion sieve 8 with the adsorbent to the upper part of the tank body, and after the flow distributor 10 and the desorption pipe 11 are disassembled, the adsorbent module can be taken out for replacement. Through the modular design, the replaced ion sieve 8 can be directly installed in the frame 24.

[0031] Working principle: after the brine is introduced into the device body 1 through the shunt pipe 5, it is evenly distributed into the ion sieve 8 by the flow distributor 10, and the selective adsorption characteristics of the ion sieve 8 to lithium ions are utilized to complete the first stage adsorption, at this time, the lithium ions in the brine are mostly intercepted, and the brine which is not completely adsorbed is discharged into the second adsorption tank 12 through the connecting pipe 7, in the second adsorption tank 12, the remaining lithium ions further contact the ion sieve 8 to complete the second stage adsorption, then the brine is introduced into the third adsorption tank 13 through the connecting pipe 7 to carry out the third stage adsorption, further reducing the residual concentration of lithium ions in the brine, and finally the waste water after adsorption is discharged from the device through the discharge pipe 6 to complete the adsorption process, after the adsorption is completed, the desorption operation is started, the desorption liquid is introduced into the pH detection control box 15 from the desorption tank 2, the pH value thereof is detected in real time by the pH detector 16, the desorption liquid is usually dilute acid such as HCl, the pH value is between 1-3, when the pH value is lower than the set range, the pH detection control box 15 controls the acid liquid storage tank 17 to extract a certain amount of acid liquid, introduces it into the stirring tank 19 and mixes it uniformly by driving the stirring frame 20 through the stirring motor 18, so that the desorption liquid is maintained in the best acidic environment, through the principle of ion exchange, lithium ion solution is formed, then the desorption liquid is introduced into the first adsorption tank 4, the second adsorption tank 12 and the third adsorption tank 13 through the desorption pipe 11 to contact the adsorbent for desorption, the ion sieve 8 needs to be replaced after a certain period of use, the servo motor 21 is started to drive the screw 22 to rotate, the frame 24 is lifted to the top through the threaded seat 23, the old ion sieve 8 module is taken out after the flow distributor 10 and the desorption pipe 11 are removed, and the new module is installed and then lowered to the original position through the threaded seat 23, and the replacement process is completed.

[0032] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present application. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A lithium extraction adsorption device in a salt lake brine, comprising a device body (1) and an extraction chamber (3), characterized in that: The device body (1) is provided with an extraction chamber (3) below, the extraction chamber (3) comprises a first adsorption tank (4), a second adsorption tank (12) and a third adsorption tank (13), the device body (1) is provided with a desorption tank (2) above, the desorption tank (2) is fixedly connected with a pH detection control box (15) outside, the pH detection control box (15) is provided with a pH detector (16) at the top, the output end of the pH detection control box (15) is connected to a stirring tank (19), an acid liquid storage tank (17) is arranged between the desorption tank (2) and the stirring tank (19), the stirring tank (19) is fixedly connected with a stirring motor (18) at the top, the output shaft of the stirring motor (18) is fixedly connected with a stirring frame (20), and the stirring tank (19) is connected with a desorption pipe (11) between the bottom and the device body (1).

2. The lithium extraction and adsorption device in salt lake brine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The desorption tank (2) contains a dilute acid solution as a desorption liquid, and the acid liquid storage tank (17) contains sodium carbonate acid solution as a buffer.

3. The lithium extraction and adsorption device in salt lake brine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adsorption tank (4), the second adsorption tank (12) and the third adsorption tank (13) are connected in series through the connecting pipe (7), and the first adsorption tank (4) is provided with a shunt pipe (5) at the bottom.

4. The lithium extraction and adsorption device in salt lake brine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output end of the discharge pipe (6) is connected to a storage tank (14), and the storage tank (14) is connected to an external purification device.

5. The lithium extraction adsorption device in salt lake brine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adsorption tank (4) is fixed with an equalizer (10) at the top, the equalizer (10) is provided with an ion sieve (8) below, the ion sieve (8) is fixedly connected with a frame (24) outside, and the first adsorption tank (4) is fixedly connected with a lifting frame (9) on both sides of the inner wall.

6. The lithium extraction and adsorption device in salt lake brine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting frame (9) is fixedly connected with a servo motor (21) at the top, the output shaft of the servo motor (21) is fixedly connected with a screw rod (22), the screw rod (22) is movably sleeved with a threaded seat (23) outside, and the threaded seat (23) is fixedly connected with the frame (24).

7. The lithium extraction adsorption device in salt lake brine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The equalizer (10) is annularly distributed with a plurality of spray heads at the bottom, and the equalizer (10) is located directly above the ion sieve (8).

8. The lithium extraction adsorption device in a salt lake brine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ion sieve (8) is provided with an adsorbent, the ion sieve (8) is made of titanium-based lithium material, and the adsorbent is titanium salt material.

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