Point rail based on laser cladding gradient coating structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a point rail based on a laser cladding gradient coating structure. The point rail comprises a point rail metal base body, an interface bonding strengthening layer, a toughness impact-resistant layer, a wear-resistant strengthening layer, a corrosion-resistant strengthening layer and a surface function optimization layer. The interface bonding strengthening layer is made of Fe320, the toughness impact-resistant layer is made of BH350 bainite steel, the wear-resistant strengthening layer is made of 40Cr steel, the corrosion-resistant strengthening layer is made of Inconel 625, and the surface function optimizing layer adopts copper powder as a conducting layer. According to the gradient coating structural design, the hardness, the abrasion resistance, the impact resistance, the corrosion resistance and the conductivity of the point rail are improved, the service life of the point rail is prolonged, the frequency of maintenance and replacement is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced. According to the gradient coating structure design achieved through the laser cladding technology, all the layers are tightly combined, a composite structure with excellent overall performance is formed, and a more reliable and efficient solution is provided for use of the coating.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of preparation of rail surface protective coating, and particularly relates to a rail based on a laser cladding gradient coating structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key component of railway turnout system, the rail is responsible for guiding the train to switch tracks, and its surface performance directly affects the safety and efficiency of railway operation. In long-term operation, the rail will be repeatedly subjected to train load and natural environmental erosion such as wind sand and rain, which will cause wear and corrosion on its surface, thereby affecting its hardness and wear resistance, and even causing safety hazards in severe cases. In addition, in some special application scenarios such as electrified railways, the rail also needs to have good electrical conductivity to ensure normal power supply and signal transmission of the train.

[0003] In order to improve the surface performance of the rail and meet higher safety and functionality requirements, it is necessary to use laser cladding technology to modify the surface of the rail. Laser cladding technology rapidly melts the pre-selected coating material by high-energy laser beam, and forms metallurgical bonding with the rail substrate, thereby significantly improving the hardness, wear resistance and electrical conductivity of the coating while ensuring good bonding strength. However, the traditional coating structure design often only optimizes a certain performance, such as hardness, wear resistance or corrosion resistance, which limits the use range and application field of the coating and cannot well meet the actual use requirements. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model aims at solving the above-mentioned problem and proposes a composite coating structure with gradient and dual energy.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A rail based on a laser cladding gradient coating structure, comprising a rail metal substrate, an interface bonding strengthening layer, a toughness impact resistance layer, a wear resistance strengthening layer, a corrosion resistance strengthening layer and a surface function optimization layer, the interface bonding strengthening layer is directly cladded on the upper side of the metal substrate, the toughness impact resistance layer is cladded on the upper side of the interface bonding strengthening layer, the wear resistance strengthening layer is directly cladded on the upper side of the toughness impact resistance layer, the corrosion resistance strengthening layer is cladded on the upper side of the wear resistance strengthening layer, and the surface function optimization layer is cladded on the upper side of the corrosion resistance strengthening layer.

[0007] Preferably, the interface bonding strengthening layer specifically adopts Fe320.

[0008] Preferably, the toughness impact resistance layer specifically adopts BH350 bainite steel.

[0009] Preferably, the wear resistance strengthening layer specifically adopts 40Cr steel.

[0010] Preferably, the corrosion-resistant reinforcing layer specifically adopts Inconel 625.

[0011] Preferably, the surface function optimization layer specifically adopts copper powder.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the application provides a heart rail based on a laser cladding gradient coating structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The gradient coating structure design of the heart rail surface is provided with a heart rail metal matrix, an interface bonding reinforcing layer, a toughness impact-resistant layer, a wear-resistant reinforcing layer, a corrosion-resistant reinforcing layer, and a surface function optimization layer. Fe320 is used as the interface bonding reinforcing layer, which has good compatibility with the heart rail matrix material and is easy to form good metallurgical bonding. It has high hardness and wear resistance, and the cost is relatively low. BH350 bainite steel is used as the toughness impact-resistant layer. This alloy effectively enhances the durability of the heart rail when subjected to heavy load train impact and vibration, reduces deformation and cracks caused by impact, and prolongs the service life of the heart rail. At the same time, 40Cr steel is used as the wear-resistant reinforcing layer, which combines the good ductility of iron and the high hardness characteristics of Cr, forming a composite structure that is both wear-resistant and not easy to fall off. This design significantly improves the wear resistance of the heart rail surface, reduces the size change and performance decline caused by friction and wear, and ensures the stability and safety of the track system. Inconel 625 is used as the corrosion-resistant reinforcing layer, which has excellent chemical stability and corrosion resistance, and can effectively resist the corrosion of various corrosive media (such as water, salt spray, chemical solvents, etc.), preventing the heart rail from failing due to corrosion. This greatly reduces the frequency of maintenance and replacement, and reduces operating costs. The copper powder conductive layer is used as the surface function optimization layer, which not only has good electrical conductivity, but also can provide electromagnetic shielding or grounding function when necessary, adapting to the needs of specific application scenarios. In addition, the thermal conductivity of copper also helps to disperse and remove the heat generated during the use of the heart rail, maintaining the stable operation of the track system. The gradient structure design optimizes the overall performance: the gradient coating structure design realized by laser cladding technology tightly combines each layer to form a composite structure with excellent overall performance. This design not only improves the comprehensive performance of the heart rail, but also optimizes the use of material performance, avoiding the limitations of single material, providing a more reliable and efficient solution for the use of the coating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The heart rail is based on a laser cladding gradient coating structure.

[0015] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS:

[0016] 1. Core rail metal substrate; 2. Interface bonding reinforcement layer; 3. Toughness and impact resistance layer; 4. Wear-resistant reinforcement layer; 5. Corrosion-resistant reinforcement layer; 6. Surface function optimization layer. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The appendix in the embodiments of this application will be described below. Figure 1 This utility model will be described in further detail, but its embodiments are not limited thereto. The specific technical solutions involved in this utility model have broad flexibility and applicability, and can be appropriately adjusted and optimized according to actual needs to meet the usage requirements of different occasions and conditions. The core of this utility model lies in its unique technical concept and innovation, which are specifically embodied and demonstrated through this embodiment, but should not be limited to the specific form and details of this embodiment.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 A core track based on a laser cladding gradient coating structure includes a core track metal substrate (1), an interface bonding reinforcement layer (2), a toughness and impact resistance layer (3), a wear resistance reinforcement layer (4), a corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5), and a surface function optimization layer (6). The interface bonding reinforcement layer (2) is directly clad on the upper side of the metal substrate (1), the toughness and impact resistance layer (3) is clad on the upper side of the interface bonding reinforcement layer (2), the wear resistance reinforcement layer (4) is directly clad on the upper side of the toughness and impact resistance layer (3), the corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5) is clad on the upper side of the wear resistance reinforcement layer (4), and the surface function optimization layer (6) is clad on the upper side of the corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5).

[0019] The interface bonding reinforcement layer (2) is made of Fe320, which has good compatibility with the core rail substrate (1) and is easy to form a good metallurgical bond; it has high hardness and wear resistance; and the cost is relatively low.

[0020] The tough and impact-resistant layer (3) is made of BH350 bainitic steel, which has excellent strength and toughness, effectively enhancing the durability of the frog when subjected to the impact and vibration of heavy-load trains, reducing deformation and cracks caused by impact, and thus extending the service life of the frog.

[0021] The wear-resistant reinforcing layer (4) uses 40Cr steel as the wear-resistant reinforcing layer, combining the good ductility of iron and the high hardness of tungsten carbide to form a composite structure that is both wear-resistant and not easy to fall off. This design significantly improves the wear resistance of the track surface, reduces dimensional changes and performance degradation caused by friction and wear, and ensures the stability and safety of the track system.

[0022] The corrosion-resistant reinforcing layer (5) uses Inconel 625 as the corrosion-resistant reinforcing layer, which has excellent chemical stability and corrosion resistance, and can effectively resist the corrosion of various corrosive media (such as water, salt spray, chemical solvents, etc.), preventing the failure of the center rail due to corrosion. This greatly reduces the frequency of maintenance and replacement, and reduces operating costs.

[0023] The surface function optimization layer (6) uses a copper powder conductive layer, which not only has good electrical conductivity, but also can provide electromagnetic shielding or grounding function when necessary, adapting to the needs of specific application scenarios. In addition, the thermal conductivity of copper also helps to disperse and remove the heat generated by the center rail during use, maintaining the stable operation of the track system.

[0024] The application uses a core rail metal base (1), an interface bonding reinforcement layer (2), a toughness impact resistance layer (3), a wear resistance reinforcement layer (4), a corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5), and a surface functional optimization layer (6). The interface bonding reinforcement layer (2) has good compatibility with the core rail base (1), easy to form a good metallurgical bond, the thickness range is 0.2 to 0.3 mm, as the bottom layer, mainly plays a supporting and transition role, does not need to be too thick. This thickness can provide good load capacity, while ensuring the metallurgical bonding strength with the base. The toughness impact resistance layer (3) further enhances the load capacity of the core rail with its high strength, high toughness and good fatigue resistance, the thickness is selected between 0.8 to 1.0 mm, as a transition layer between the wear resistance layer and the corrosion resistance reinforcement layer. This thickness can provide additional strength and toughness, while avoiding unnecessary material waste and increased processing costs caused by over-thick coating. The close combination between the interface bonding reinforcement layer (2) and the toughness impact resistance layer (3) ensures the overall stability and durability of the coating structure. The wear resistance reinforcement layer (4) is laser cladded on the basis of the relatively smooth toughness impact resistance layer (3), with a thickness selected between 1.5 to 2.0 mm to provide excellent wear resistance. This thickness can ensure that the coating can maintain integrity for a long time when subjected to wear, thereby prolonging the service life of the core rail. The chromium carbide and niobium carbide particles in the corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5) are embedded in the coating, forming a firm bond. This structure not only improves wear resistance, but also enables the coating to evenly distribute wear when subjected to wear, with a thickness selected between 0.1 to 0.2 mm to provide sufficient chemical stability and corrosion resistance, and prevent cracking. The wear resistance reinforcement layer (4) provides a hard base for the corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5), enabling it to better resist external environmental erosion. The close combination between the two ensures the long-term stability of the coating in harsh environments. The surface functional optimization layer (6) has a coating thickness of less than 0.1 mm to ensure good electrical conductivity due to the high thermal conductivity and high reflectivity of copper. This thickness of the conductive layer can maintain the overall flatness of the coating, while avoiding the increase in resistance and the decrease in electrical conductivity caused by an over-thick coating. The corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5) provides a smooth, uniform and corrosion-resistant surface for the surface functional optimization layer (6). This design not only ensures normal power supply and signal transmission of the core rail in electrified railways, but also enables the coating to maintain stable electrical conductivity when subjected to corrosion.

[0025] The close combination and interaction between each coating make the whole coating structure perform well in hardness, toughness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity, etc. This gradient coating structure design realizes the optimal use of material performance and avoids the limitations of single material. This composite structure realized by laser cladding not only improves the comprehensive performance of the center rail, but also reduces the production and maintenance costs. It greatly improves the performance of the coating, has a wider range of applications and better quality.

Claims

1. A rail based on a laser-clad gradient coating structure, characterized in that, Comprise: The metal base (1), the interface bonding reinforcement layer (2), the toughness impact resistance layer (3), the wear resistance reinforcement layer (4), the corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5) and the surface function optimization layer (6), the interface bonding reinforcement layer (2) is directly fused on the upper side of the metal base (1), the toughness impact resistance layer (3) is fused on the upper side of the interface bonding reinforcement layer (2), the wear resistance reinforcement layer (4) is directly fused on the upper side of the toughness impact resistance layer (3), the corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5) is fused on the upper side of the wear resistance reinforcement layer (4), and the surface function optimization layer (6) is fused on the upper side of the corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5).

2. The rail based on the laser cladding gradient coating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interface bonding reinforcement layer (2) adopts Fe320.

3. The rail based on the laser cladding gradient coating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toughness impact resistance layer (3) adopts BH350 bainite steel.

4. The laser cladding gradient coating structure based rail according to claim 1, wherein, The wear resistance reinforcement layer (4) adopts 40Cr steel.

5. The rail based on the laser cladding gradient coating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corrosion resistance reinforcement layer (5) adopts Inconel 625.

6. The laser cladding gradient coating structure based rail according to claim 1, wherein, The surface function optimization layer (6) adopts copper powder.

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