Protective cover, shell assembly of battery pack, battery pack and electric equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a protective cover, a shell assembly of a battery pack, the battery pack and electric equipment. The protective cover provided by the utility model comprises a front protective plate which is opposite to a valve cover; the side protection plate is arranged on the peripheral side of the front protection plate in a surrounding mode, and a protection cavity used for containing the anti-explosion valve is defined by the side protection plate and the front protection plate together; a plurality of through-flow holes communicated with the protection cavity are formed in the front protection plate, and a slag discharging opening communicated with the protection cavity is formed in the side protection plate. According to the protection cover, the protection performance of the protection cover on the anti-explosion valve under the wading working condition can be improved, and therefore the safety of the anti-explosion valve is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a protective cover, a shell assembly of a battery pack, the battery pack and an electric equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, the safety of the battery pack, as one of the core components of the new energy vehicles, is of great concern. During use, the battery pack may generate a large amount of gas and heat due to internal short circuit, overcharge and other abnormal conditions, so that the pressure in the battery pack increases sharply, and there is a risk of explosion. In order to ensure the safety of the battery pack, the battery pack is provided with an explosion-proof valve, which can release the pressure and heat in time when the pressure in the battery pack reaches a certain threshold, so as to prevent the battery pack from exploding.

[0003] In the prior art, a protective cover is usually arranged on the explosion-proof valve, which covers the outside of the explosion-proof valve and plays a certain protective role, and an opening is arranged on the side of the protective cover to guide the exhaust.

[0004] However, this protective cover has certain defects. In the water working condition, the water flow will impact the protective cover from the side opening, which affects the installation stability of the valve cover of the explosion-proof valve, and may cause the explosion-proof valve to fail. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a protective cover, a shell assembly of a battery pack, a battery pack and an electric equipment, which helps to improve the protection performance of the protective cover in the water working condition, thereby increasing the safety of the explosion-proof valve.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a protective cover for covering the outside of an explosion-proof valve, wherein the explosion-proof valve comprises a valve cover, and the protective cover comprises: a front guard plate opposite to the valve cover; a side guard plate surrounding the periphery of the front guard plate and defining a protection cavity together with the front guard plate for accommodating the explosion-proof valve; a plurality of flow-through holes are arranged on the front guard plate and communicated with the protection cavity, and a residue discharge port is arranged on the side guard plate and communicated with the protection cavity.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the plurality of flow-through holes are arranged in an array.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the plurality of flow-through holes are arranged in a grid shape.

[0009] In a possible implementation, any two adjacent flow-through holes are separated by a separation rib.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the height of the separation rib along the opening direction of the flow-through hole is 4-6 mm; and / or, the width of the separation rib is less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the flow area of the through-flow hole gradually decreases in a direction from inside the protection cavity to outside the protection cavity along the opening direction of the through-flow hole.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the partition rib includes rib walls respectively facing two adjacent through-flow holes, and the included angle between the two rib walls is 15-20°.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the projections of the through-flow holes in a reference plane are all within the projection of the valve cover in the reference plane, and the reference plane is perpendicular to the opening direction of the through-flow hole.

[0014] In a possible implementation, in a direction from the center area of the front shield plate to the edge of the front shield plate, the area of the through-flow hole close to the inner side is greater than the area of the through-flow hole close to the outer side.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the size of the through-flow hole along a first direction ranges from 2.5 mm to 3 mm, and the size of the through-flow hole along a second direction is less than or equal to 5 mm, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and are both perpendicular to the opening direction of the through-flow hole.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the slag discharge port is arranged at least at the bottom of the protection cavity.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the slag discharge port is multiple, and the multiple slag discharge ports are respectively arranged at opposite sides of the protection cavity along a first direction and opposite sides along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other and are both perpendicular to the opening direction of the through-flow hole.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the minimum side length of the slag discharge port is greater than the maximum side length of the through-flow hole, and the difference between the minimum side length of the slag discharge port and the maximum side length of the through-flow hole is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the explosion-proof valve includes a valve seat, the valve seat is provided with a pressure relief port, the valve cover covers the pressure relief port, and the projection of the valve cover in a reference plane is inside the projection of the valve seat in the reference plane, the reference plane is perpendicular to the opening direction of the through-flow hole; the side shield plate is supported on the valve seat, and the shape of the side shield plate matches the shape of the valve seat, and the assembly gap between the side shield plate and the valve cover has a width greater than or equal to 2.4 mm.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the protective cover further comprises a pressure relief fence, the pressure relief fence and the side guard plate jointly defining a pressure relief cavity, and the side guard plate is provided with a gap for connecting the pressure relief cavity and the protection cavity.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the pressure relief fence is provided in plurality, and the plurality of pressure relief fences are arranged on the side of the side guard plate, and the plurality of pressure relief fences and the side guard plate define a plurality of pressure relief cavities on the side of the protection cavity.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the side guard plate has a first end away from the front guard plate and a second end connected to the front guard plate, and the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief cavity gradually decreases in the direction from the first end to the second end.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the cross section of the pressure relief cavity is triangular.

[0024] In a possible implementation, an end face of the pressure relief fence away from the front guard plate is provided with a support protrusion, the support protrusion is configured to form a pressure relief gap between a structure provided with the protective cover and the protective cover, and the pressure relief cavity is connected with the outside through the pressure relief gap.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the height h1 of the pressure relief gap is 1.5mm-3mm; and / or, the height h1 of the pressure relief gap and the height h2 of the explosion-proof valve relative to the structure satisfy: h1≤h2 / 2.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the protective cover further comprises a fixing portion, and the fixing portion is provided with a fixing structure for assembling and fixing the protective cover.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the protective cover is an integrally injection molded part.

[0028] In a second aspect, the application provides a shell assembly of a battery pack, comprising: a shell; an explosion-proof valve fixedly arranged in the shell, the explosion-proof valve being used for pressure relief when thermal runaway occurs in the shell; and the protective cover described above, the protective cover being arranged outside the explosion-proof valve and fixedly connected with the shell.

[0029] In a third aspect, the application provides a battery pack, comprising: the shell assembly of the battery pack described above and a cell module, the cell module being arranged in the inner cavity of the shell assembly.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, the application provides a power utilization device, comprising: a power utilization device; and the battery pack described above, the battery pack being used for power supply for the power utilization device.

[0031] The protection cover of the explosion-proof valve provided by the application can protect the explosion-proof valve in all directions, so that the explosion-proof valve is protected from external impact and collision, and in the water crossing working condition, the plurality of flow holes on the front protection plate can disperse the impact of water flow pressure on the explosion-proof valve, so as to avoid local pressure concentration and cause the sealing failure of the explosion-proof valve. The slag discharge opening formed in the side protection plate is beneficial to timely discharge of impurities entering the protection cavity, further protects the sealing state of the explosion-proof valve, and thus improves the protection performance of the protection cover, so as to increase the safety of the explosion-proof valve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] The drawings incorporated into the specification and forming a part thereof, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0033] Figure 1 A structural schematic view of a shell assembly of a battery pack provided by the application;

[0034] Figure 2 A structural schematic view of a protection cover of an explosion-proof valve provided by the application Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 3 A structural schematic view of a protection cover of an explosion-proof valve provided by the application Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 4 A structural schematic view of a protection cover of an explosion-proof valve provided by the application Figure 3 ;

[0037] Figure 5 A structural schematic view of a protection cover of an explosion-proof valve provided by the application Figure 4 ;

[0038] Figure 6 A Figure 5 Cross-sectional view along A-A;

[0039] Figure 7 A structural schematic view of a protection cover of an explosion-proof valve provided by the application Figure 5 ;

[0040] Figure 8 A Figure 7 Cross-sectional view along B-B.

[0041] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] 1-explosion-proof valve; 11-valve cover; 12-valve seat;

[0043] 2-protection cover; 21-front protection plate; 211-flow hole; 212-separation rib; 2121-rib wall;

[0044] 22 - side shield; 221 - slag outlet; 222 - notch;

[0045] 23 - protection cavity;

[0046] 24 - assembly gap;

[0047] 25 - pressure relief coaming; 251 - support protrusion; 252 - pressure relief gap;

[0048] 26 - pressure relief cavity;

[0049] 27 - fixing portion;

[0050] 3 - housing;

[0051] 4 - housing assembly.

[0052] The specific embodiments of the application have been shown by way of example in the above figures, and will be described in more detail hereafter. These figures and this written description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate the inventive concept to one of ordinary skill in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. The same reference numbers in different drawings indicate the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not meant to represent all embodiments consistent with the application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0054] In the prior art, a protective cover is usually arranged on the explosion-proof valve, and an opening is arranged on the side surface of the protective cover. The protective cover covers the outside of the explosion-proof valve and can play a certain protective role. However, the protective effect of the existing protective cover on the explosion-proof valve is limited. However, such a protective cover has certain defects. When the vehicle is in a water working condition, the battery pack of the vehicle will be impacted by water flow. Since the opening is arranged on the side surface of the protective cover, when the water flow enters the protective cover through the opening, the surface of the valve cover is unevenly stressed, and the water flow impacts the gap between the valve cover and the valve seat from the side, which causes the valve cover to vibrate and open, resulting in a risk of sealing failure of the valve cover and the valve seat. This not only affects the normal function of the explosion-proof valve, so that it cannot effectively protect the safety of the battery pack, but also may cause impurities such as external water and dust to enter the inside of the battery pack due to the sealing failure, further affecting the performance and service life of the battery pack, and even causing more serious safety accidents.

[0055] Therefore, the protective cover, the shell assembly of the battery pack, the battery pack and the electrical equipment are provided, the protection cavity capable of protecting the explosion-proof valve in all directions is constructed through the design that the front cover plate is opposite to the valve cover and the side cover plate is arranged on the side of the front cover plate, the explosion-proof valve is prevented from being impacted and collided from the outside, and the water flow can enter the protection cavity from the front direction of the explosion-proof valve in the water immersion working condition through the plurality of flow holes formed in the front cover plate, and then the impact of the water flow on the side of the explosion-proof valve is relieved. In addition, the residue discharge port is arranged on the side cover plate, which is beneficial to timely discharging the impurities entering the protection cavity and helps to improve the protection performance of the protective cover, further ensures the sealing performance of the explosion-proof valve, and thus the safety of the explosion-proof valve is increased.

[0056] For ease of description, the first direction can refer to the X direction. The second direction can refer to the Y direction.

[0057] Reference is made below to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The protective cover 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application can be used to cover the outside of the explosion-proof valve 1 to avoid the influence of the external environment on the explosion-proof valve 1. The protective cover 2 can be fixedly connected to the outside of the explosion-proof valve 1. For example, the protective cover 2 can be fixed to the outside of the explosion-proof valve 1 by screws. Alternatively, the protective cover 2 can be fixed to the outside of the explosion-proof valve 1 by adhesion.

[0058] The explosion-proof valve 1 further includes a valve seat 12, and the valve cover 11 is arranged on the valve seat 12. When the battery pack is normally working, the valve cover 11 can be tightly matched with the valve seat 12 to form a sealing structure, so as to prevent the gas and liquid in the battery pack from leaking, to maintain the stability of the internal environment of the battery pack and ensure the performance and safety of the battery pack. The sealing position can be arranged at the contact position of the valve cover 11 and the valve seat of the explosion-proof valve 1. The sealing position can be one or more. When the pressure in the battery pack is increased to a certain threshold value due to abnormal conditions such as short circuit and overcharge, the valve cover 11 will be opened to release the pressure in the battery pack, so that the pressure in the battery pack is reduced, and serious consequences such as explosion caused by excessively high pressure are avoided.

[0059] The protective cover 2 can be integrally injection molded by a plastic material. In this way, the production efficiency and product precision of the protective cover 2 can be improved. For example, the protective cover 2 can be injection molded by polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, polyamide or the like. In addition, the heat resistance of the plastic material is below 150°.

[0060] The protective cover 2 comprises a front guard plate 21 and a side guard plate 22. The front guard plate 21 can be arranged opposite to the valve cover 11. The side guard plate 22 can be arranged around the periphery of the front guard plate 21, and can jointly define a protection cavity 23 with the front guard plate 21. The protection cavity 23 is used to accommodate the explosion-proof valve 1. Further, a plurality of flow-through holes 211 are formed in the front guard plate 21. The plurality of flow-through holes 211 can be in communication with the protection cavity 23, and are used to discharge the gas and liquid entering the protection cavity 23. A plurality of slag discharge ports 221 are formed in the side guard plate 22. The plurality of slag discharge ports 221 can be in communication with the protection cavity 23, and are used to discharge the impurities entering the protection cavity 23.

[0061] It can be understood that the explosion-proof valve 1 generally comprises a valve cover 11 and a valve seat, and the two are sealed by a sealing structure. In this way, when the front surface of the explosion-proof valve 1 is impacted by the water flow, the impact force is transmitted along the axial direction of the valve cover 11 and the valve seat, so that the sealing structure can be uniformly stressed. When the side surface of the explosion-proof valve 1 is impacted by the water flow, the impact force is easily concentrated on one side of the explosion-proof valve 1, thereby causing uneven stress on the explosion-proof valve 1. Therefore, the front impact resistance of the explosion-proof valve 1 is better than the side impact resistance of the explosion-proof valve 1.

[0062] In this way, the protection cavity 23 surrounded by the front guard plate 21 and the side guard plate 22 can protect the explosion-proof valve 1 in all directions, and reduce the uneven stress on the explosion-proof valve 1 in the water crossing or similar conditions. Compared with the protective cover with a side opening in the prior art, the plurality of flow-through holes formed in the front guard plate of the present application can allow the water flow to enter the protection cavity from the front direction of the explosion-proof valve in the water crossing condition, thereby relieving the impact of the water flow on the side surface of the explosion-proof valve, effectively dispersing the air flow or water flow pressure, and preventing the sealing failure caused by the local pressure concentration of the explosion-proof valve. In addition, the slag discharge ports arranged on the side guard plate can timely discharge the impurities entering the protection cavity, which is helpful to improve the protection performance of the protective cover, further protect the sealing performance of the explosion-proof valve, and thereby increase the safety of the explosion-proof valve.

[0063] In one possible implementation, with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 The plurality of flow-through holes 211 can be arranged in an array. For example, the plurality of flow-through holes 211 can be arranged in a plurality of rows and columns on the front guard plate 21, or can be arranged in a ring array, a circular array, or the like. In this way, the water flow can be uniformly introduced into the protection cavity 23 when the vehicle crosses the water, so as to relieve the impact and pressure of the water flow on the explosion-proof valve 1. Alternatively, the hole spacing between the flow-through holes 211 can be between 1-2 mm. For example, the hole spacing can be 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, or the like. In this way, by designing the above hole spacing, the smooth flow of the water flow into and out of the protection cavity 23 can be ensured, and the stability of the structure of the front guard plate 21 can also be ensured.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the plurality of through-flow holes 211 are distributed in a grid pattern. Such a grid pattern can form a structure similar to a grid on the positive shroud 21 to form a plurality of sub-regions. Each sub-region has a corresponding through-flow hole 211. The grid pattern of through-flow holes 211 can effectively disperse the pressure of the airflow or water flow. When the battery pack encounters water immersion or the like, the water flow impacts on the positive shroud 21, and the grid pattern of the plurality of through-flow holes 211 can divide the water flow into a plurality of small water flows and change the direction of the water flow to reduce the direct impact force of the water flow on the explosion-proof valve 1. These small water flows can interfere with each other and slow down in the grid pattern of through-flow holes 211, ultimately reducing the impact of the water flow on the sealing between the valve cover 11 and the valve seat, which can effectively prevent the explosion-proof valve 1 from being damaged due to the impact of the water flow.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the plurality of through-flow holes 211 can also be distributed in a ring pattern. For example, the plurality of through-flow holes 211 can be arranged in a ring pattern with the explosion-proof valve 1 as the center to form a plurality of concentric ring-shaped channels. Alternatively, the through-flow holes 211 can be rectangular, diamond-shaped, circular, elliptical, or the like. Further, the size of the through-flow holes 211 can be flexibly set according to the positional relationship between the through-flow holes 211 and the valve cover 11 of the explosion-proof valve 1. For example, the size of the through-flow holes 211 close to the middle position of the valve cover 11 can be larger than the size of the through-flow holes 211 away from the middle position of the valve cover 11. In this way, when the pressure generated inside the battery pack exceeds the preset threshold, the through-flow holes 211 close to the middle position of the valve cover 11 can discharge gas faster and in larger quantities to speed up the pressure release speed and effectively prevent damage to the explosion-proof valve 1 caused by excessive pressure in the central region.

[0066] In the specific implementation process, the rectangular, diamond-shaped, or the like shaped through-flow holes 211 can be arranged in an array or a grid pattern on the positive shroud 21. The circular, elliptical, or the like shaped through-flow holes 211 can be arranged in a ring pattern on the positive shroud 21. The distribution and shape of the through-flow holes 211 can be determined according to actual needs, which are not limited in the present application.

[0067] In a possible implementation, with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the two adjacent through-flow holes 211 can be spaced apart by a reinforcing rib structure. Alternatively, the reinforcing rib structure can be a partition rib 212.

[0068] It can be understood that the above arrangement can increase the structural strength and impact resistance of the positive shroud 21 and reduce the risk of damage to the positive shroud 21.

[0069] In a possible implementation, as Figure 6As shown, the height of the partition rib 212 is 4mm-6mm. Specifically, the height of the partition rib 212 along the opening direction of the through-flow hole 211 is 4mm-6mm. The height of the partition rib 212 along the opening direction of the through-flow hole 211 can be denoted as H. For example, H can be 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm. Alternatively, the width of the partition rib 212 is less than or equal to 2mm. Of course, the present application does not limit this, and the height of the partition rib 212 can be reasonably selected within the above range according to actual needs.

[0070] By making the partition rib 212 have the above height, on the one hand, the positive guard plate 21 can have higher structural strength to prevent deformation under the impact of water flow, and on the other hand, the through-flow hole 211 can have sufficient hole depth to increase the resistance of water flow, thereby reducing the impact force when the water flow enters the protection cavity 23.

[0071] The width of the partition rib 212 can be denoted as w. For example, w can be 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm. Alternatively, H can be 4mm-6mm, and w can be less than or equal to 2mm. Of course, the present application does not limit this, and the width of the partition rib 212 can be reasonably selected within the above range according to actual needs.

[0072] By making the partition rib 212 have the above width, the positive guard plate 21 can have higher structural strength to prevent deformation under the impact of water flow.

[0073] In summary, by making the partition rib 212 have the above height and width, on the one hand, it can be beneficial to ensure the structural strength of the positive guard plate 21, prevent the positive guard plate 21 from deforming when the internal pressure of the battery pack changes or is impacted by external water flow, etc., and on the other hand, it is beneficial to adjust the hole depth and flow area of the through-flow hole, and play a balancing role in reducing water flow impact and ensuring the passing efficiency of gas or liquid.

[0074] In one possible implementation, with reference to Figure 6 The flow area of the through-flow hole 211 can gradually change in the flow direction of the gas or liquid. Specifically, the flow area of the through-flow hole 211 can gradually decrease in the direction along the opening direction of the through-flow hole 211 and from the inside of the protection cavity 23 to the outside of the protection cavity 23. Alternatively, the through-flow hole 211 can be designed as a tapered shape. That is, the cross section of the through-flow hole 211 gradually decreases from the inside of the protection cavity 23 to the outside of the protection cavity 23. Alternatively, the through-flow hole 211 can be designed as a stepped through-flow hole. The through-flow hole 211 can be divided into several segments along its opening direction, and the flow area of each segment gradually decreases.

[0075] It can be understood that when the battery pack encounters a water immersion situation, water flow will enter the protection cavity 23 through the through-flow hole 211. Due to the gradual change design of the flow area of the through-flow hole 211, the flow rate of the water flow will gradually change when passing through the through-flow hole 211, which can play a pressure relief role, so that the water flow is difficult to enter the protection cavity 23 quickly and in large quantities, thereby reducing the influence of the water flow on the explosion-proof valve 1. At the same time, the change of the flow state of the water flow in the through-flow hole 211 is also beneficial to timely discharge the water entering the protection cavity 23, thereby reducing the accumulation of water in the protection cavity 23.

[0076] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 6 , the partition rib 212 can include two adjacent rib walls 2121. The two rib walls 2121 can be respectively directed towards the through-flow holes 211 adjacent thereto. In this way, the two rib walls 2121 can form an included angle therebetween. The included angle of the two rib walls 2121 can be 15°-20°. The included angle of the two rib walls 2121 can be denoted as α. For example, α can be 15°, 16°, 17°, 18°, 19°, 20°. That is, the distance between the two rib walls 2121 gradually changes along the height direction of the partition rib 212. Specifically, the distance between the two rib walls 2121 gradually increases along the height direction of the partition rib 212 and in the direction from the inside of the protection cavity 23 to the outside of the protection cavity 23.

[0077] It can be understood that when the water flow enters the protection cavity 23 from the outside of the front guard plate 21, the distance between the two rib walls 2121 gradually decreases, thereby gradually expanding the flow area. When the water flow passes through the gradually widened channel, the flow rate gradually decreases, and the water pressure also decreases. In this way, the high-pressure water flow that can originally directly impact the explosion-proof valve 1 can effectively reduce the water pressure after passing through the partition rib 212, thereby reducing the impact force on the explosion-proof valve 1. In this way, the damage to the sealing structure of the explosion-proof valve 1 caused by excessive water pressure can be avoided, thereby ensuring the normal work of the explosion-proof valve 1 and the safety of the battery pack.

[0078] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 7 , the projections of the plurality of through-flow holes 211 in the reference plane are all within the projection of the valve cover 11 in the reference plane. That is, the distribution range of the plurality of through-flow holes 211 on the front guard plate 21 does not exceed the outer contour range of the valve cover 11. Further, the reference plane can be perpendicular to the opening direction of the through-flow hole 211. For example, the reference plane can be a plane parallel to the front guard plate 21.

[0079] The valve cover 11 can be a circular plate. Specifically, the projection of the valve cover 11 in the reference plane can be circular. Of course, the shape of the valve cover 11 is not limited in the present application, and the valve cover 11 can also be square, oval or any other shape.

[0080] In a possible implementation, the area of the flow passage 211 close to the inner side is larger than the area of the flow passage 211 close to the outer side in the direction from the central region of the front shield 21 to the edge of the front shield 21. In this way, the flow passage 211 with a larger inner side can allow more fluid to pass through the central region, thereby optimizing the flow distribution, and by increasing the area of the inner side flow passage 211, it helps to reduce the resistance of the fluid flowing through the flow passage 211 when pressure relief.

[0081] For example, the valve cover 11 can be a cylindrical structure. Specifically, the projection of the valve cover 11 in the reference plane can be circular. In the radial direction of the circular projection of the valve cover 11 in the reference plane, the area of the flow passage 211 close to the center of the circle is larger than the area of the flow passage 211 away from the center of the circle.

[0082] In a possible implementation, the reference Figure 7 To ensure the flow area of the flow passage 211 and the structural strength of the front shield 21, the size of the flow passage 211 in the first direction is 2.5mm-3mm. The size of the flow passage 211 in the first direction can be represented as L2. For example, L2 can be 2.5mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3mm. The size of the flow passage 211 in the second direction is less than or equal to 5mm. The size of the flow passage 211 in the second direction can be represented as L1. For example, L1 can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm. Wherein, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. And both the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the opening direction of the flow passage 211. The size of the flow passage 211, i.e. the values of L1 and L2, can be determined according to actual needs, which is not limited in the present application.

[0083] In a possible implementation, the slag discharge port 221 is arranged at least at the bottom of the protection cavity 23. In this way, the water and fine slag entering the protection cavity 23 can naturally flow out of the protection cavity 23 under the action of gravity, preventing residual accumulation and ensuring smoothness when the explosion-proof valve 1 is pressure relieved.

[0084] In a possible implementation, the reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 8 The side shield 22 is provided with a plurality of slag discharge ports 221 communicating with the protection cavity 23. The plurality of slag discharge ports 221 can be arranged at intervals along the surface of the side shield 22. Alternatively, two slag discharge ports 221 can be arranged on opposite sides of the protection cavity 23 in the first direction. And another two slag discharge ports 221 can be arranged on opposite sides of the protection cavity 23 in the second direction. Further, the slag discharge port 221 can be circular, rectangular, elliptical or other shapes.

[0085] It can be understood that the slag outlets 221 distributed on both sides of the protection cavity 23 along the first direction and the second direction can realize multi-directional slagging function. No matter which position the impurities are in the protection cavity 23, they can be discharged through the slag outlet 221 closest to them, improving the efficiency and coverage of slagging. In addition, the slag outlets 221 in different directions can use the flow of gas or liquid in the protection cavity 23 to guide the impurities to move towards the slag outlet 221, so that they are more easily captured by the slag outlet 221, thereby keeping the protection cavity 23 clean. In addition, this layout of the slag outlets 221 effectively prevents the problem of failure of the slagging function caused by installation errors. Since the slag outlets 221 are provided in multiple directions, even if the installation direction of the explosion-proof valve cover is wrong (such as the horizontal installation or the vertical position is reversed), there will still be a slag outlet 221 in the lowest position to ensure that the slagging function is not affected.

[0086] In a possible implementation, the size of the slag outlet 221 can be slightly larger than the size of the through-flow hole 211. Specifically, the minimum side length of the slag outlet 221 should be greater than the maximum side length of the through-flow hole 211. Further, the difference between the minimum side length of the slag outlet 221 and the maximum side length of the through-flow hole 211 is equal to 1 mm. Alternatively, the difference between the minimum side length of the slag outlet 221 and the maximum side length of the through-flow hole 211 is greater than 1 mm. For example, the size of the through-flow hole 211 is 5 mm, and the size of the slag outlet 221 can be 6 mm.

[0087] In this way, it can be ensured that the impurities entering the protection cavity 23 through the through-flow hole 211 can be discharged through the slag outlet 221. Through the above size setting, a wider channel can be provided for the discharge of impurities. When there are impurities in the protection cavity 23, the larger size of the slag outlet 221 can make the impurities pass more smoothly, avoiding the accumulation or blockage of the impurities at the slag outlet 221.

[0088] In a possible implementation, with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8, the explosion-proof valve 1 comprises a valve seat 12, the valve seat 12 is provided with a pressure relief port, the valve cover 11 covers the pressure relief port, and the projection of the valve cover 11 in the reference plane is inside the projection of the valve seat 12 in the reference plane. Here, the projection of the valve cover 11 in the reference plane is inside the projection of the valve seat 12 in the reference plane, excluding the case where the projection of the valve cover 11 in the reference plane and the projection of the valve seat 12 in the reference plane are completely coincident. In this way, the valve seat 12 can protrude in the circumferential direction beyond the valve cover 11, and at this time, a stepped structure can be formed between the valve seat 12 and the valve cover 11, so as to facilitate the arrangement of the protective cover 2. The reference plane is perpendicular to the opening direction of the flow hole 211; the side guard plate 22 is supported on the valve seat 12 (for example, the side guard plate 22 is supported on the surface of the part of the valve seat 12 that protrudes beyond the valve cover 11), and the side guard plate 22 can be arranged outside the valve cover 11. Specifically, the shape of the side guard plate 22 can match the shape of the valve seat 12, that is, the side guard plate 22 can be designed in a shape that follows the contour of the valve seat 12, so as to better protect the explosion-proof valve 1. Moreover, the side guard plate 22 and the valve cover 11 have an assembly gap 24 therebetween. The width of the assembly gap 24 can be represented as d. d can be equal to 2.4 mm. Alternatively, d can be greater than 2.4 mm. For example, d can be 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.6 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.8 mm, etc.

[0089] In order to enable the protective cover 2 to alleviate the impact of gas or liquid on the explosion-proof valve 1, the effective exhaust area of the protective cover 2 needs to be determined according to the exhaust diameter of the explosion-proof valve 1, the valve core diameter of the explosion-proof valve 1, the valve cover 11 diameter, and the maximum size of the side guard plate 22. Specifically, the effective exhaust area of the protective cover 2 can be represented as S, the exhaust diameter of the explosion-proof valve 1 can be represented as A, the valve core diameter of the explosion-proof valve 1 can be represented as B, the valve cover 11 diameter can be represented as C, and the maximum size of the side guard plate 22 can be represented as D. Then, the following conditions need to be met: .

[0090] It can be understood that the side guard plate 22 can effectively protect the explosion-proof valve 1 and prevent the water flow from impacting the explosion-proof valve 1 violently. Moreover, by arranging the assembly gap 24, the explosion-proof valve 1 can be prevented from interfering with the side guard plate 22 during normal operation. For example, the explosion-proof valve 1 can have a certain displacement or vibration during opening or closing. If there is no gap or the gap between the side guard plate 22 and the explosion-proof valve 1 is too small, friction or collision between the two can occur, thereby affecting the normal operation of the explosion-proof valve 1, or even damaging the sealing structure.

[0091] In one possible implementation, the reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4The protective cover 2 further comprises a pressure relief fence 25. The pressure relief fence 25 can form a pressure relief cavity 26 with the side guard 22. In order to realize the communication between the pressure relief cavity 26 and the protection cavity 23, a gap 222 is formed on the side guard 22, so that the protection cavity 23 can communicate with the pressure relief cavity 26 through the gap 222.

[0092] It can be understood that, by arranging the pressure relief cavity 26, more channels and buffer spaces are provided for the pressure relief in the protection cavity 23. When the pressure in the protection cavity 23 increases sharply, the gas or liquid can flow into the pressure relief cavity 26 through the gap 222 on the side guard 22. In this way, the pressure can be dispersed into multiple pressure relief cavities 26, avoiding the concentration of pressure in a single area, effectively reducing the instantaneous pressure peak in the protection cavity 23, and improving the efficiency and safety of pressure relief. In addition, the pressure relief fence 25 is arranged around the side guard 22 and forms the pressure relief cavity 26, which can enhance the overall stability of the protective cover 2. The existence of the pressure relief cavity 26 can play a role of a reinforcing rib to a certain extent, and has a reinforcing effect on the structure of the side guard 22 and the entire protective cover 2.

[0093] In a possible implementation, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The pressure relief fence 25 is multiple, and the multiple pressure relief fences 25 can be distributed around the side guard 22. Each pressure relief fence 25 can form a pressure relief cavity 26 with the side guard 22, and the multiple pressure relief cavities 26 are distributed around the protection cavity 23. In this way, the protection cavity 23 can be evenly relieved in the circumferential direction, further improving the protection effect on the explosion-proof valve 1.

[0094] In a possible implementation, the side guard 22 has a first end and a second end. The first end of the side guard 22 is arranged away from the front guard 21. The second end of the side guard 22 is close to the front guard 21 and connected with the front guard 21. Further, in the direction from the first end to the second end, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief cavity 26 gradually decreases.

[0095] It can be understood that, when the pressure in the protection cavity 23 increases, the gas or liquid can flow into the pressure relief cavity 26 through the gap 222 on the side guard 22. Since the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief cavity 26 gradually decreases in the direction from the first end to the second end, it can avoid that the pressure is released too fast when initially entering the pressure relief cavity 26, causing too large impact on the protective cover 2.

[0096] In a possible implementation, referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The cross section of the pressure relief cavity 26 can be triangular.

[0097] It can be understood that when the cross section of the pressure relief cavity 26 is triangular, it can more effectively disperse stress when bearing internal pressure. Compared with other shapes, the structural characteristics of the triangle make the pressure evenly dispersed to the three sides, reducing the possibility of local stress concentration. For example, when the protective cover 2 bears pressure from the protection cavity 23, the edges of the triangular pressure relief cavity 26 can support each other, reducing the risk of structural damage due to excessive local stress, thereby improving the overall structural strength and stability of the protective cover 2. In addition, compared with other shapes, the triangular shape can reduce the generation of turbulence to some extent, especially at different sizes of the pressure relief cavity 26 or different flow rates, the edges and corners of the triangle can guide the flow direction of the fluid, forming a more stable flow field.

[0098] In one possible implementation, with reference to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 , the pressure relief coaming 25 is further provided with a plurality of support protrusions 251. Specifically, the support protrusions 251 are arranged on the end face of the pressure relief coaming 25 away from the front shield 21. The support protrusions 251 are configured to form a pressure relief gap 252 between the structure (such as the valve seat 12 described above or the shell 3 of the battery pack described below) provided with the protective cover 2 and the pressure relief coaming 25 of the protective cover 2. The pressure relief cavity 26 can be in communication with the outside through the pressure relief gap 252. Optionally, each pressure relief cavity 26 is provided with a plurality of support protrusions 251. In this way, after the water flow enters the protection cavity 23, it can be discharged outward through the pressure relief cavity 26 and the pressure relief gap 252, which can effectively relieve the internal pressure of the protective cover 2 and reduce the risk of failure of the explosion-proof valve 1.

[0099] In the specific implementation process, when the protective cover 2 outside the explosion-proof valve 1 is impacted by the water flow, the water flow will enter the protection cavity 23 from the through-flow hole 211. As the water flow gradually increases, the water flow will enter the pressure relief cavity 26 around the protection cavity 23. Since the pressure relief cavity 26 is in communication with the outside through the pressure relief gap 252, the water flow in the pressure relief cavity 26 can be discharged through the pressure relief gap 252. At this time, the pressure relief gap 252 provides a discharge channel for the water flow, avoiding the return of the water flow along the original path, causing the impact of the incoming water flow and the discharged water flow, and forming a complex flow oscillation state, affecting the sealing between the valve cover 11 and the valve seat of the explosion-proof valve 1.

[0100] In one possible implementation, with reference to Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 8, in order to avoid the water flow from the side impact on the explosion-proof valve 1 due to the too large pressure relief gap 252. The height h1 of the pressure relief gap 252 is 1.5mm-3mm. For example, h1 can be 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3.0mm, etc. Alternatively, the height h1 of the pressure relief gap 252 and the height h2 of the relative structure of the explosion-proof valve 1 (for example, the shell 3 of the battery pack described below) satisfy: h1 h2 / 2. Or, h1 is 1.5mm-3mm. And, 2h1 h2.

[0101] In one possible implementation, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , the protective cover 2 further includes a fixing portion 27. The fixing portion 27 can be provided with a fixing structure. The fixing structure is used to assemble and fix the protective cover 2. For example, the protective cover 2 can be fixed on the valve seat 12 or the shell 3 of the battery pack through the fixing structure. The fixing structure can be a bolt structure, a buckle structure, etc. In this way, the installation and fixation of the protective cover 2 are facilitated.

[0102] Further, referring to Figure 1 , the application provides a shell assembly 4 of a battery pack, which includes a shell 3, an explosion-proof valve 1 and the above-mentioned protective cover 2 of the explosion-proof valve. Wherein, the explosion-proof valve 1 can be fixedly arranged on the shell 3. The explosion-proof valve 1 is used for pressure relief when thermal runaway occurs in the shell 3. The protective cover 2 can be covered on the outside of the explosion-proof valve 1 and fixedly connected with the shell 3. The protective cover 2 is used for protecting the explosion-proof valve 1 from the direct influence of the external environment.

[0103] It can be understood that the protective cavity 23 surrounded by the front guard plate 21 and the side guard plate 22 can protect the explosion-proof valve 1 in all directions, reducing the uneven force on the explosion-proof valve 1 in certain cases. The plurality of flow-through holes 211 on the front guard plate 21 can disperse the air flow or water flow pressure, avoiding local pressure concentration causing the explosion-proof valve 1 to fail to seal. The plurality of slag discharge ports 221 formed by the side guard plate 22, the plurality of pressure relief cavities 26 formed by the side guard plate 22 and the pressure relief surrounding plate 25, and the pressure relief gap 252 on each pressure relief cavity 26 can cope with the impact of water flow in all directions. No matter from which direction the water flow impacts the protective cover 2, the slag discharge ports 221, the pressure relief cavities 26 and the pressure relief gaps 252 around the protective cover 2 can play an effective protective role, thereby relieving the impact of the water flow, thereby increasing the safety of the explosion-proof valve 1.

[0104] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack. The battery pack can include the battery pack housing assembly and the battery cell module described above, and the battery cell module is arranged in the inner cavity of the battery pack housing assembly.

[0105] The battery pack of the embodiments can protect the explosion-proof valve from external impact and collision, and can slow down the impact of water flow on the explosion-proof valve in the water-involved working condition of the vehicle, thereby improving the protection performance of the explosion-proof valve and the safety of the battery pack.

[0106] Further, the present application also provides an electric device, which includes an electric device and the battery pack described above. The battery pack is used to supply power to the electric device. It can be understood that the electric device can be an electric vehicle. For example, an electric vehicle.

[0107] It can be understood that by arranging the battery pack described above, the safety of the electric device can be improved. Even when the electric device is in a water-involved state, the explosion-proof valve 1 of the battery pack described above can be effectively protected, and the sealing failure of the explosion-proof valve 1 caused by water flow impact can be avoided.

[0108] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0109] In the embodiments of the present application or the devices or elements implied by the embodiments of the present application must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified and limited.

[0110] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like (if any) in the description of the embodiments of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0111] Furthermore, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", and "has", "having", and variants thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises, includes, or has a list of steps or components, but does not necessarily comprise, include, or have only those steps or components, but can include additional steps or components not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0112] The term "plurality" as used herein refers to two or more. The term "and / or" as used herein merely means one or all, i.e., it means A and / or B, which includes the following three cases: A alone, A and B, and B alone.

[0113] It can be understood that various numerical numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only for the convenience of differentiation, and do not limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0114] It can be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the above processes in the embodiments of the present application does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined according to their functions and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0115] Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. It is intended that the present application cover any and all variations of the application that come within the scope of the general inventive concepts described herein and including all such variations as fall within the scope of the claims. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the application indicated by the following claims.

[0116] It should be understood that the application is not limited to the precise construction that has been described and illustrated herein and that various modifications and changes can be made therein without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is indicated by the appended claims rather than by the description.

Claims

1. A protective cover (2) for covering the outer side of an explosion relief valve (1), said explosion relief valve (1) comprising a bonnet (11), characterized in that, The protective cover (2) comprises: a front guard plate (21) opposite to the valve cover (11); a side guard plate (22) surrounding the periphery of the front guard plate (21) and defining a protection cavity (23) for accommodating the explosion-proof valve (1) together with the front guard plate (21); A plurality of through-flow holes (211) are formed in the front guard plate (21) and communicate with the protection cavity (23), and a slag discharge port (221) is formed in the side guard plate (22) and communicates with the protection cavity (23).

2. The protective cover (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of through-flow holes (211) are arranged in an array.

3. The protective cover (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that The plurality of through-flow holes (211) are arranged in a grid shape.

4. The protective cover (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that Any two adjacent through-flow holes (211) are separated by a separation rib (212).

5. The protective cover (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that The height of the separation rib (212) along the opening direction of the through-flow hole (211) is 4-6 mm. And / or, the width of the separation rib (212) is less than or equal to 2 mm.

6. The protective cover (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that The flow area of the through-flow hole (211) gradually decreases in the direction from the inside of the protection cavity (23) to the outside of the protection cavity (23) along the opening direction of the through-flow hole (211).

7. The protective cover (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that The separation rib (212) includes rib walls (2121) respectively facing two adjacent through-flow holes (211), and the included angle between the two rib walls (2121) is 15-20°.

8. The protective cover (2) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The projections of the plurality of through-flow holes (211) in a reference plane are all within the projection of the valve cover (11) in the reference plane, The reference plane is perpendicular to the opening direction of the through-flow hole (211).

9. The protective cover (2) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that In the direction from the center area of the front guard plate to the edge of the front guard plate, the area of the through-flow hole (211) near the inner side is greater than the area of the through-flow hole (211) near the outer side.

10. A protective cover (2) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The size of the through-flow hole (211) along a first direction is 2.5-3 mm, and the size of the through-flow hole (211) along a second direction is less than or equal to 5 mm, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and both are perpendicular to the opening direction of the through-flow hole (211).

11. The protective cover (2) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The slag discharge port (221) is arranged at least at the bottom of the protection cavity (23).

12. The protective cover (2) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The slag discharge port (221) is arranged on opposite sides of the protection cavity (23) along a first direction and on opposite sides of the protection cavity (23) along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and both are perpendicular to the opening direction of the through-flow hole (211).

13. The protective cover (2) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The minimum side length of the slag discharge port (221) is greater than the maximum side length of the through-flow hole (211), and the difference between the minimum side length of the slag discharge port (221) and the maximum side length of the through-flow hole (211) is greater than or equal to 1 mm.

14. The protective cover (2) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The explosion-proof valve (1) further comprises a valve seat (12) provided with a pressure relief port, the valve cover (11) covers the pressure relief port, and the projection of the valve cover (11) in a reference plane is inside the projection of the valve seat (12) in the reference plane, the reference plane is perpendicular to the opening direction of the through-flow hole (211); The side guard plate (22) is supported on the valve seat (12), and the shape of the side guard plate (22) matches the shape of the valve seat (12), and the side guard plate (22) and the valve cover (11) have an assembly gap (24) therebetween, and the width of the assembly gap (24) is greater than or equal to 2.4 mm.

15. The protective cover (2) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The protective cover (2) further comprises a pressure relief surrounding plate (25), and the pressure relief surrounding plate (25) and the side guard plate (22) jointly define a pressure relief cavity (26), and the side guard plate (22) is provided with a notch (222) for communicating the pressure relief cavity (26) and the protection cavity (23).

16. The protective cover (2) according to claim 15, characterized in that The pressure relief surrounding plates are multiple, and the multiple pressure relief surrounding plates (25) are arranged on the circumferential side of the side guard plate (22), and the multiple pressure relief surrounding plates (25) and the side guard plate (22) define multiple pressure relief cavities (26) located on the circumferential side of the protection cavity (23).

17. The protective cover (2) according to claim 15, characterized in that The side guard plate (22) has a first end away from the front guard plate (21) and a second end connected with the front guard plate (21), and in the direction from the first end to the second end, the cross-sectional area of the pressure relief cavity (26) gradually decreases.

18. The protective cover (2) according to claim 17, characterized in that The cross section of the pressure relief cavity (26) is triangular.

19. The protective cover (2) according to claim 15, characterized in that An end face of the pressure relief surrounding plate (25) away from the front guard plate (21) is provided with a supporting protrusion (251), and the supporting protrusion (251) is configured to form a pressure relief gap (252) between a structure on which the protective cover (2) is arranged and the protective cover (2), and the pressure relief cavity (26) is in communication with the outside through the pressure relief gap (252).

20. The protective cover (2) according to claim 19, characterized in that The height h1 of the pressure relief gap (252) is 1.5-3 mm. And / or, the height h1 of the pressure relief gap (252) and the height h2 of the explosion-proof valve (1) relative to the structure satisfy: h1≤h2 / 2.

21. The protective cover (2) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The protective cover (2) further comprises a fixing portion (27), and the fixing portion (27) is provided with a fixing structure for assembling and fixing the protective cover (2).

22. The protective cover (2) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that The protective cover (2) is an integral injection molding part.

23. A housing assembly (4) of a battery pack, characterized by Comprising: a shell (3); an explosion-proof valve (1) fixedly arranged in the shell (3), the explosion-proof valve (1) being used for pressure relief when thermal runaway occurs in the shell (3); the protective cover (2) of any one of claims 1-22, the protective cover (2) being arranged on the outside of the explosion-proof valve (1) and fixedly connected with the shell (3).

24. A battery pack, characterized by Comprising: the shell assembly (4) of the battery pack of claim 23; a cell module arranged in the inner cavity of the shell assembly (4).

25. An electrical device, comprising: Comprising: an electric device; the battery pack of claim 24, the battery pack being used for supplying power to the electric device.

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