Feeding device for garbage power generation

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of waste incineration, and particularly relates to a feeding device for waste power generation. The feeding device comprises a conveyor arranged in an inclined mode and a conveying belt arranged on the conveyor. A crushing mechanism is arranged at one end of the conveyor and is used for crushing large garbage into crushed materials with uniform granularity; a material guide piece is arranged at the top end of the conveyor, so that crushed materials smoothly slide into a feed port of the incineration chamber from the conveyor belt; the motor and the gearbox are linked to drive the crushing mechanism and the conveyor to run synchronously, so that crushed materials are uniformly distributed on the conveying belt; the surface of the conveying belt is provided with a barrier strip and the edge is provided with a side plate to prevent crushed materials from slipping and losing; through the structure, feeding continuity is improved, damage of high temperature to the conveyor is reduced, and incineration efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waste incineration technology, specifically relating to a feeding device for waste-to-energy generation. Background Technology

[0002] Waste-to-energy incineration is a process that converts municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and other combustible solid waste into electrical energy through high-temperature incineration. During this process, the stable and continuous feeding of the waste to be processed into the incinerator's inlet is crucial for improving incineration efficiency and ensuring stable operation of the incineration process.

[0003] In existing technologies, the feeding device of a waste incinerator typically includes a feeding hopper, a conveying mechanism, and a connecting structure for guiding waste into the incineration chamber. Traditional feeding devices often directly feed insufficiently treated waste onto the conveyor belt, which then guides it into the incineration chamber. However, in such devices, due to the lack of pre-treatment of waste particle size, larger waste lumps are prone to clogging or affecting conveying efficiency, leading to uneven feeding. Furthermore, some feeding devices extend the conveyor belt directly to the inlet of the incineration chamber, exposing it to direct high-temperature conditions. Over prolonged operation, this high temperature can cause the conveyor belt to age, deform, or even break, significantly increasing maintenance costs and operational risks.

[0004] Furthermore, traditional feeding devices typically rely on a single motor or drive mechanism for conveying, lacking coordinated and synchronized control with the crushing mechanism. Because crushing and conveying are not synchronized, the crushed waste may not fall evenly onto the conveyor belt, leading to concentrated accumulations or gaps during subsequent feeding. This not only affects incineration efficiency but may also adversely impact the normal operation of downstream equipment.

[0005] In summary, the existing technology has the following problems: First, there is a lack of effective measures for pre-treatment of waste by crushing, resulting in uneven particle size of input waste and low feeding efficiency; second, the conveying structure is in direct contact with the high-temperature environment, which easily leads to equipment wear and frequent failures; third, the crushing and conveying processes lack synchronous coordination, resulting in uneven distribution of crushed waste on the conveyor belt, which in turn affects the continuity and stability of the subsequent combustion process. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a feeding device for waste-to-energy generation. It can achieve efficient crushing and uniform conveying while reducing the risk of direct contact between the equipment and the high-temperature environment, and ensure the stable input and efficient utilization of waste in the combustion chamber.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] The utility model provides a garbage power feeding device, including conveyer, conveyer is obliquely arranged, and the conveyer is provided with the conveyer belt for conveying the garbage to be incinerated, the top of conveyer is provided with the material guiding piece, and the material guiding piece is connected with the feeding port of incineration chamber,

[0009] The other end of the conveyer is provided with a crushing mechanism for crushing the garbage to be burned.

[0010] One side of the crushing mechanism is provided with a motor for driving the operation of the crushing mechanism and the conveyer.

[0011] Further, the crushing mechanism includes a crushing chamber, a crushing rod is rotatably arranged inside the crushing chamber, the number of the crushing rod is two, one end of the two crushing rods is provided with a synchronous gear, and the two synchronous gears are engaged with each other.

[0012] Further, one end of one of the crushing rods is connected with a driven shaft, and a first sprocket is sleeved on the driven shaft.

[0013] A drive shaft is arranged below the driven shaft, and a second sprocket is sleeved on the drive shaft.

[0014] A chain is connected between the second sprocket and the first sprocket.

[0015] The output end of the motor is connected with a gearbox, and the drive shaft is connected with the output end of the gearbox.

[0016] Further, a plurality of crushing teeth are equidistantly arranged around the axis of the crushing rod.

[0017] Further, a feeding chamber is fixedly connected to the top of the crushing chamber, and a plurality of blocking rods are equidistantly arranged along the width direction of the inner bottom of the feeding chamber.

[0018] Further, the second side plate is fixedly connected to both sides of the material guiding piece, the first connecting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the outer side of the second side plate, and the second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the outer side of the second side plate.

[0019] Further, a plurality of blocking strips are equidistantly arranged along the length direction of the outer side of the conveyer belt, and a first side plate is arranged at the edge of the conveyer belt.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

[0021] The pre-shredding of the garbage before entering the incineration chamber by setting the shredding mechanism in the feeding device can effectively reduce the accumulation and blockage caused by the direct entry of large garbage into the conveying belt; by setting two mutually meshing shredding rods and the shredding teeth distributed outside the shredding rods in the shredding bin, the garbage can be rapidly and sufficiently sheared and torn after being thrown in, so that the particle size of the shredded material entering the conveying belt is more uniform; this ensures that the shredded material is stably and uniformly fed into the incineration chamber during the subsequent conveying process, and improves the continuity and incineration efficiency of feeding.

[0022] By setting the guide member between the conveyor and the incineration chamber, the conveying belt is physically isolated from the high-temperature zone; by setting the side plates and connecting plate structure on both sides of the guide member, the guide member forms a stable and high-temperature-resistant guide channel, thereby reducing the aging, deformation and damage risks caused by the direct exposure of the conveyor components to the high-temperature environment; by means of the guiding function of the guide member, the smooth transition of the shredded material from the conveying belt to the incineration chamber is realized, and the offset and scattering of the shredded material at the high-temperature feeding port are avoided, thereby improving the service life and maintenance convenience of the entire feeding device.

[0023] By controlling the shredding mechanism and the conveyor through the motor and the gearbox linkage, the shredding process and the conveying process are kept synchronized; by cooperating the chain wheel, the chain and the synchronous gear during transmission, the rotation speed of the shredding rod and the movement speed of the conveying belt are coordinated, so as to ensure that the shredded material after shredding is more uniformly distributed on the conveying belt; in this way, the uniformity and efficiency of feeding are improved, and the problems such as concentrated accumulation or gap distribution caused by the asynchronization of different processing links in the traditional structure are effectively reduced, which is beneficial to maintaining a stable combustion process and improving the overall efficiency of incineration power generation.

[0024] By setting the blocking strips on the surface of the conveying belt and the side plates on the edges, the shredded material is always in an orderly state during the conveying process; the blocking strips can prevent the shredded material from slipping and falling along the conveying direction, and the side plates can ensure that the shredded material does not scatter in the transverse direction; under the condition of uniform particle size of the shredded material, the setting of these conveying components further improves the orientation, stability and concentrated distribution of the shredded material during the conveying process, thereby providing good conditions for the subsequent introduction into the incineration chamber and improving the overall operation reliability and efficiency of the feeding system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model shredding mechanism Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model shredding mechanism Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 4The utility model discloses a structure diagram of guide material piece.

[0029] In the drawing, the component list represented by each sign is as follows:

[0030] 1, conveyor;11, conveying belt;111, baffle strip;12, first side plate;

[0031] 2, crushing mechanism;

[0032] 21, crushing bin;22, crushing roller;221, crushing tooth;23, synchronous gear;24, driven shaft;241, first sprocket;25, drive shaft;251, second sprocket;26, feeding bin;261, baffle rod;

[0033] 3, motor;

[0034] 4, guide material piece;41, second side plate;411, first connecting plate;412, second connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose and the advantage of the utility model more clearly, the following is specifically explained with examples.The following text is only used to describe one or several specific implementation manners of the utility model, and does not strictly limit the protection scope of the utility model.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] Referring to Figures 1-4 A garbage power feeding device, comprising a conveyor 1, the conveyor 1 is arranged obliquely, and the conveyor 1 is provided with a conveying belt 11 for conveying garbage to be incinerated; the top end of the conveyor 1 is provided with a guide material piece 4, the guide material piece 4 is connected with the feeding port of the incineration chamber; the other end of the conveyor 1 is provided with a crushing mechanism 2, the crushing mechanism 2 is used for crushing garbage to be incinerated; one side of the crushing mechanism 2 is provided with a motor 3, the motor 3 is used for driving the operation of the crushing mechanism 2 and the conveyor 1; the garbage power feeding device ensures that the garbage to be incinerated is continuously conveyed from low to high under the action of gravity and power by the oblique arrangement of the conveyor 1, so that stable supply is realized; the garbage power feeding device makes the crushed garbage fall into the guide material piece 4 at the highest point of the conveyor 1 and smoothly slide into the feeding port of the incineration chamber along the structure of the guide material piece 4 by arranging the guide material piece 4 at the top end of the conveyor 1, so that the conveyor 1 directly contacts the high-temperature environment is avoided, and the probability of equipment heat damage is reduced; the garbage power feeding device drives the crushing mechanism 2 and the conveyor 1 simultaneously by the motor 3, realizes synchronous crushing and conveying, ensures that the crushed garbage is evenly distributed on the conveying belt 11, and is beneficial to the efficiency and continuity of the subsequent incineration process.

[0038] Referring to Figures 2-3The crushing mechanism 2 comprises a crushing bin 21, a crushing rod 22 is rotatably arranged inside the crushing bin 21, the number of the crushing rod 22 is two, and one end of the two crushing rods 22 is provided with a synchronous gear 23, and the two synchronous gears 23 are engaged with each other; the two crushing rods 22 are rotated at consistent speed and direction through the two synchronous gears 23 engaged with each other, so as to uniformly shred and shear the garbage entering the crushing bin 21 to realize the size control of the crushed materials; the uniform size of the crushed materials makes the distribution of the crushed materials on the conveying belt 11 more consistent, which is beneficial to the smooth introduction of the subsequent guide member 4 into the incineration chamber to lay a good foundation for realizing continuous and efficient combustion.

[0039] Referring to Figures 1-3 One end of one of the crushing rods 22 is connected with a driven shaft 24, the first sprocket 241 is sleeved on the driven shaft 24; the driving shaft 25 is arranged below the driven shaft 24, the second sprocket 251 is sleeved on the driving shaft 25; the chain is connected between the second sprocket 251 and the first sprocket 241; the output end of the motor 3 is connected with the gearbox, the driving shaft 25 is connected with the output end of the gearbox; the transmission process of the crushing mechanism 2 is ensured to be accurate and reliable through the transmission cooperation of the first sprocket 241, the second sprocket 251 and the chain, so that the two crushing rods 22 keep stable rotation to realize high-quality crushing; the adjustable speed of the crushing is realized through the motor 3 output end connecting the gearbox and matching with the driving shaft 25 to control the rotating speed, so as to adapt to different types of garbage and improve the overall processing efficiency; the transmission structure of the sprocket and the shaft reduces the problems of frequent debugging and uneven crushing of the traditional device, promotes the efficient cooperation between the crushing process and the conveying process, and realizes the stability and reliability of the feeding system operation.

[0040] Referring to Figure 3 The outer side of the crushing rod 22 is arranged with the crushing teeth 221 at equal intervals around the central axis of the crushing rod 22; the crushing teeth 221 are arranged at equal intervals on the surface of the crushing rod 22 along the circumference of the crushing rod 22 to increase the action points of multi-point cutting and tearing of the garbage, so as to further refine the size of the crushed materials; the fine distribution of the crushing teeth 221 makes the size of the crushed materials more uniform, which is beneficial to the stable entry of the crushed materials into the incineration chamber under the guidance of the guide member 4 to ensure the continuous and efficient combustion process, reduce the risk of blockage and uneven combustion, and improve the overall benefit of the incineration power generation.

[0041] Referring to Figure 2The top of the crushing bin 21 is fixedly connected with a feeding bin 26, and the inner bottom of the feeding bin 26 is provided with a plurality of blocking rods 261 at equal intervals along the width direction of the feeding bin 26; the garbage input into the crushing bin 21 is separated and buffered by the plurality of blocking rods 261 arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the feeding bin 26, so that the large garbage is prevented from passing quickly, thereby ensuring that the crushing roller 22 can fully shred the garbage; the size and density of the crushed material are more uniform when entering the conveying belt 11, so that the crushed material can smoothly enter the incineration chamber inlet under the action of the guide member 4, and the combustion stability and power generation efficiency of the incineration process are finally improved.

[0042] Referring to Figure 4 Both sides of the guide member 4 are fixedly connected with second side plates 41, one end of each second side plate 41 is fixedly connected with a first connecting plate 411 on the outer side, and the other end of each second side plate 41 is fixedly connected with a second connecting plate 412 on the outer side; a more stable guiding and supporting structure is established by arranging the second side plates 41 on both sides of the guide member 4 and fixedly connecting the first connecting plates 411 and the second connecting plates 412 on the outer sides of both ends of the second side plates 41; the structural reliability of the guide member 4 under high temperature is enhanced by the multiple fixation of the second side plates 41, the first connecting plates 411 and the second connecting plates 412, so that the crushed material does not deviate and scatter when entering the incineration chamber; the influence of high temperature on the conveyor 1 and the conveying belt 11 is reduced by the overall arrangement of the guide member 4 and the related side plates and connecting plates, the service life of the garbage power feeding device is prolonged, and the maintenance difficulty is reduced.

[0043] Referring to Figure 1 The outer side of the conveying belt 11 is provided with blocking strips 111 at equal intervals along the length direction of the conveying belt 11, and the edge of the conveying belt 11 is provided with a first side plate 12; the crushed material is orderly separated by the blocking strips 111 arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the conveying belt 11 on the outer side of the conveying belt 11 to prevent the crushed material from sliding off the surface of the conveying belt 11; the first side plate 12 is arranged at the edge of the conveying belt 11 to provide lateral protection, so that the crushed material is more concentrated during the movement to the guide member 4, and the problem of poor conveying caused by the dispersion and accumulation of the crushed material in the traditional feeding device is avoided; the stable conveying and uniform distribution of the crushed garbage during the conveying stage are realized by the cooperation of the blocking strips 111 and the first side plate 12, so that the crushed material can maintain a good state before entering the incineration chamber, thereby improving the overall efficiency and safety of the incineration power generation process.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] In this embodiment, the crushing mechanism 2 is selected as a double-shaft crushing roller 22 (model: ZC-200, adjustable speed range 50-120r / min) made of wear-resistant alloy steel, each crushing roller 22 has a length of about 800mm and a diameter of 200mm, and a hard alloy crushing tooth 221 is arranged on the surface thereof with a crushing tooth spacing of about 20mm. The operation of the crushing roller 22 and the conveyor 1 is driven by a motor 3 (power about 5.5kW, rotating speed 1500r / min), and a gearbox (speed ratio 1:10) is used to accurately control the rotating speed, so that the large pieces of garbage gradually enter the crushing chamber 21 under the buffering of the feeding bin 26 and the blocking rod 261 and are fully torn by the synchronously rotating crushing roller 22. Through tests, the average particle size after crushing is about 20-30mm, which not only effectively avoids the problem of blockage of large pieces of garbage, but also ensures that the distribution of the crushed materials on the conveying belt 11 is more uniform, thereby providing protection for the continuous and stable feeding of the incineration chamber.

[0046] Embodiment 3:

[0047] In this embodiment, the material guide 4 is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel (grade: SUS310S) to adapt to the long-term high-temperature environment (temperature about 800℃) at the entrance of the incineration chamber. The second side plate 41 installed on both sides of the material guide 4 and the first and second connecting plates 411 and 412 outside the second side plate 41 are all made of heat-resistant steel plates with a thickness of 6mm and are fixedly connected by high-strength bolts (M12 level 8.8). It is determined that the deformation rate of the material guide 4 under high temperature is less than 0.5%, which can effectively isolate the conveying belt 11 from the high-temperature area of the incineration chamber. Tests show that in a continuous operation of up to 2000 hours, the material guide 4 and the side plate connecting assembly have no obvious wear and deformation, thereby effectively reducing the risk of the conveyor 1 directly being subjected to high-temperature invasion, significantly prolonging the service life of the equipment, and reducing the frequency of shutdown maintenance.

[0048] Embodiment 4:

[0049] In this embodiment, a precision coupling (model: LC-45) is used to connect the motor 3 and the gearbox, and an industrial-grade chain (transmission level: 08B, maximum tension 6500N) is used to link the driving shaft 25 and the driven shaft 24 of the crushing roller 22. Under the set conditions, when the motor 3 operates at 1500r / min, the crushing roller 22 is stabilized at 80r / min in speed by the gearbox (adjustable speed range 1:5 to 1:10), and the conveying belt 11 rotates at a linear speed of 0.3m / s. Test results show that the synchronous control makes the distribution error of the crushed materials on the conveying belt 11 less than ±5%, and there is no obvious accumulation or gap phenomenon. The average feeding amount can be stabilized for more than 1000 hours of continuous feeding, which significantly improves the heat value utilization rate and power generation efficiency of the incineration process.

[0050] Embodiment 5:

[0051] In this embodiment, polyurethane baffle 111 is arranged on the surface of the conveying belt 11 every 150 mm along the length direction, the height of the baffle is about 30 mm, and the hardness is Shore A 85, so as to ensure that the crushed materials do not slide or fall with the inclination angle during the conveying process. First side plate 12 made of 3 mm thick carbon steel plate is installed on both sides of the conveying belt 11, and the height of the side plate is about 80 mm, which can effectively prevent the crushed materials from overflowing laterally. According to the actual operation data record, after 500 hours of continuous operation, the crushed materials on the conveying belt 11 do not have obvious lateral loss, and the conveying efficiency is maintained above 95%. When dealing with crushed materials with uniform particle size, this structure can effectively reduce the material loss during the conveying process, ensure that the crushed materials are smoothly introduced into the incinerator with high density and stability, and thus realize a continuous and efficient waste incineration power generation process.

[0052] The working principle of the utility model is:

[0053] When in use, the waste to be incinerated is put into the feeding bin 26, and the waste in the feeding bin 26 will pass through the blocking rod 261 and enter the crushing bin 21, the crushing rod 22 arranged in the crushing bin 21 will crush the waste falling into the crushing bin 21, and the crushed waste will fall on the conveying belt 11 and move towards the direction of the guide member 4 along with the rotation of the conveying belt 11;

[0054] The guide member 4 is installed on the feeding port during combustion, and the waste conveyed on the conveying belt 11 will fall on the guide member 4 when reaching the top end of the conveyor 1, and then slide to the feeding port of the combustion chamber through the guide member 4;

[0055] The guide member 4 arranged between the conveyor 1 and the combustion chamber can avoid the contact between the conveyor 1 and the combustion chamber, so as to avoid the damage of high temperature to the conveyor 1;

[0056] The motor 3 arranged can synchronize the crushing of the waste and the rotation of the conveying belt 11, so that the crushed waste can be uniformly distributed on the conveying belt 11, and the waste to be combusted can be uniformly put into the combustion chamber.

[0057] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary technical personnel in the technical field, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection range of the utility model. The structures, devices and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the utility model are implemented according to the conventional means in the field without special description and limitation.

Claims

1. A feeding device for waste-to-energy generation, characterized in that: Including conveyor (1), conveyor (1) is arranged obliquely, and the conveyor (1) is provided with a conveyor belt (11) for conveying the garbage to be incinerated; the top end of the conveyor (1) is provided with a material guide (4), and the material guide (4) is connected with the inlet of the incineration chamber; The other end of the conveyor (1) is provided with a crushing mechanism (2), and the crushing mechanism (2) is used for crushing the garbage to be burned; One side of the crushing mechanism (2) is provided with a motor (3), and the motor (3) is used for driving the operation of the crushing mechanism (2) and the conveyor (1).

2. The feeding device for refuse power generation according to claim 1, wherein: The crushing mechanism (2) comprises a crushing bin (21), a crushing rod (22) is rotatably arranged in the crushing bin (21), the number of the crushing rod (22) is two, and one end of the two crushing rods (22) is provided with a synchronous gear (23), and the two synchronous gears (23) are engaged with each other.

3. A feeding device for refuse-fired power plants according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of one of the crushing rods (22) is connected with a driven shaft (24), and the driven shaft (24) is sleeved with a first chain wheel (241); A driving shaft (25) is arranged below the driven shaft (24), and the driving shaft (25) is sleeved with a second chain wheel (251); A chain is connected between the second chain wheel (251) and the first chain wheel (241). The output end of the motor (3) is connected with a gearbox, and the driving shaft (25) is connected with the output end of the gearbox.

4. The feeding device for refuse power generation according to claim 2, wherein: The outer side of the crushing rod (22) is provided with a crushing tooth (221) around the axis at equal intervals.

5. The feeding device for refuse power generation according to claim 2, wherein: The top of the crushing bin (21) is fixedly connected with a feeding bin (26), and the inner bottom of the feeding bin (26) is provided with a blocking rod (261) at equal intervals along the width direction.

6. The feeding device for refuse power generation according to claim 1, wherein: Both sides of the material guide (4) are fixedly connected with a second side plate (41), one end of the second side plate (41) is fixedly connected with a first connecting plate (411), and the other end of the second side plate (41) is fixedly connected with a second connecting plate (412).

7. The feeding device for refuse power generation according to claim 1, wherein: The outer side of the conveyor belt (11) is provided with a blocking strip (111) at equal intervals along the length direction, and the edge of the conveyor belt (11) is provided with a first side plate (12).

Images