Device for monitoring interface reaction of liquid metal battery in situ

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of liquid metal batteries, in particular to a device for monitoring interface reaction of a liquid metal battery in situ. The device comprises a reaction container, a heater, an electrode bracket, two conductive crucibles, an electrochemical workstation, a temperature sensor and a camera, a molten electrolyte is contained in the reaction container, the heater is used for heating the reaction container, the two conductive crucibles are suspended and erected in the reaction container through the electrode bracket and are positioned below the liquid level of the molten electrolyte, the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are respectively placed in the conductive crucibles, and the two conductive crucibles are electrically connected with the electrochemical workstation through wires; the temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature of the molten electrolyte, and the camera is arranged above the reaction container. The device provided by the utility model simulates the charging and discharging process of the liquid metal battery, so that the whole reaction process is visualized, and the electrode interface reaction can be monitored in real time through the camera while the liquid metal battery reacts.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to liquid metal battery technical field especially relates to a device of in situ monitoring liquid metal battery interface reaction. BACKGROUND

[0002] Liquid metal battery as a new electrochemical energy storage technology, since its birth has been widely concerned. It uses low density and low electronegativity alkali metal or alkaline earth metal as negative electrode, high density and high electronegativity metal or metalloid as positive electrode, and molten inorganic salt as electrolyte. Because of the density difference and the characteristics of mutual insolubility of positive and negative electrodes and electrolyte, they are automatically divided into three layers. During the discharge process of the battery, the negative metal ionizes and enters the positive electrode through the electrolyte to form an alloying reaction with the positive metal; the charging process is opposite. When the battery is working, its positive and negative electrodes and electrolyte are all liquid, the battery is fully sealed, and the operating temperature is relatively high, so it is difficult to observe the reactions occurring in the battery under high temperature in situ. Therefore, it is difficult to capture the migration and changes of the electrode-electrolyte interface and the distribution of the products during the operation of the battery. At the same time, it is also difficult to analyze the formation and distribution of the reaction products on the different shaped current collectors. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a device of in situ monitoring liquid metal battery interface reaction.

[0004] The utility model discloses a device of in situ monitoring liquid metal battery interface reaction, including reaction container, heater, electrode support, two electrically conductive crucible, electrochemistry workstation, temperature sensor and camera, the reaction container is filled with molten electrolyte, the heater is used for heating the reaction container, two electrically conductive crucible is suspended and is set up in the reaction container through electrode support, and is located the liquid level below molten electrolyte, and positive material and negative material are placed in the electrically conductive crucible respectively, two electrically conductive crucible all are connected with electrochemistry workstation through the wire electricity.

[0005] Further, the reaction container is one of a ceramic crucible, a graphite crucible or a stainless steel crucible.

[0006] Further, the electrically conductive crucible is 1-3mm away from the liquid level of the molten electrolyte.

[0007] Further, the electrically conductive crucible is a graphite electrically conductive crucible or a stainless steel electrically conductive crucible.

[0008] Further, the electrode support comprises a base, a support rod and a bearing disc, the base is arranged outside the reaction container, one end of the support rod is fixed on the base, and the other end is connected and fixed with the bearing disc, the bearing disc is arranged in the reaction container through the support rod, and the conductive crucible is placed on the bearing disc.

[0009] Further, the bearing disc and the support rod are insulators.

[0010] Further, the heater comprises the heating shell arranged outside the reaction container and the resistance wire arranged in the heating shell, and the resistance wire is connected with a power supply.

[0011] Further, the device for monitoring the interface reaction of the liquid metal battery in situ is arranged in a glove box, and an atmosphere in the glove box is argon.

[0012] 1. The device for monitoring the interface reaction of the liquid metal battery in situ comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte, can be used to simulate the charging and discharging process of the liquid metal battery, makes the whole reaction process visualized, and can monitor the electrode interface reaction in real time through a camera while the liquid metal battery is reacting.

[0013] 2. The device for monitoring the interface reaction of the liquid metal battery in situ can monitor the change and migration law of the liquid metal battery interface in situ at high temperature. Meanwhile, various battery systems and different current collectors can be monitored at different temperatures, and the generation process and distribution law of the reaction products at the interface can be observed in real time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the device for monitoring the interface reaction of the liquid metal battery in situ.

[0015] 1. Reaction container; 2. Heater; 21. Heating shell; 22. Resistance wire; 3. Electrode support; 31. Base; 32. Support rod; 33. Bearing disc; 4. Conductive crucible; 5. Electrochemical workstation; 6. Temperature sensor; 7. Camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following is a specific embodiment of the utility model and is further described in combination with the drawings, but the utility model is not limited to these embodiments.

[0017] Embodiment 1

[0018] As Figure 1As shown, the device for in-situ monitoring liquid metal battery interface reaction of the utility model, including reaction container 1, heater 2, electrode support 3, two conductive crucible 4, electrochemical workstation 5, temperature sensor 6 and camera 7, reaction container 1 is filled with molten electrolyte, heater 2 is used for heating reaction container 1, two conductive crucible 4 is suspended and is erected in reaction container 1 by electrode support 3, and is located under the liquid level of molten electrolyte, positive material and negative material are placed in conductive crucible 4 respectively, two conductive crucible 4 are all electrically connected with electrochemical workstation 5 through wire; Temperature sensor 6 is used for detecting the temperature of molten electrolyte, camera 7 is set above reaction container 1.

[0019] The device for in-situ monitoring liquid metal battery interface reaction of the utility model contains positive, negative and electrolyte inside, can be used to simulate liquid metal battery charging and discharging process, makes the whole reaction process visual, can monitor electrode interface reaction in real time through camera 7 while liquid metal battery reaction, the device for in-situ monitoring liquid metal battery interface reaction of the utility model can carry out in-situ monitoring the change and migration law of liquid metal battery interface under high temperature.Simultaneously, various battery systems and different current collectors can be monitored under different temperatures, and the generation process and distribution law of reaction product at interface are observed in real time.

[0020] In order to conveniently and clearly observe the change of liquid metal battery interface, the lens of one camera 7 can be directed to the conductive crucible 4 in which the positive material is placed.

[0021] Reaction container 1 can be one of ceramic crucible, graphite crucible or stainless steel crucible, and is high-temperature resistant.

[0022] The distance between conductive crucible 4 and the liquid level of molten electrolyte is 1-3mm.

[0023] Conductive crucible 4 can be graphite conductive crucible 4 or stainless steel conductive crucible 4.

[0024] Embodiment 2

[0025] The structure of electrode support 3 has multiple, which is not limited here, in the embodiment, electrode support 3 can include base 31, support rod 32 and bearing disc 33, base 31 is arranged on the outside of reaction container 1, one end of support rod 32 is fixed on base 31, the other end is connected and fixed with bearing disc 33, bearing disc 33 is arranged in reaction container 1 through support rod 32, and conductive crucible 4 is placed on bearing disc 33.Bearing disc 33 and support rod 32 are both insulators.

[0026] Embodiment 3

[0027] The structure of the heater 2 is various, which is not limited here, in the embodiment, the heater 2 can include a heating shell 21 surrounding the reaction container 1 and a resistance wire 22 arranged in the heating shell 21, the resistance wire 22 is connected with a power supply. The temperature sensor 6 is used to detect the temperature of the molten electrolyte, when reaching the preset temperature, the heater 2 keeps a certain power, so that the reaction container 1 is in a heat preservation state, to maintain the molten electrolyte at the preset temperature. The technology of the heater 2 and the temperature sensor 6 cooperating to adjust the temperature here belongs to the existing mature technology.

[0028] The device for monitoring the interface reaction of the liquid metal battery in situ is located in a glove box, and the atmosphere in the glove box is argon.

[0029] The positive electrode material is one or more of antimony, tin, bismuth, lead, tellurium and zinc; the negative electrode material is metal such as lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium or alloy such as lithium-aluminum, lithium-zinc and sodium-lead; the electrolyte is a mixed electrolyte composed of one or more halides containing negative electrode metal ions, such as lithium fluoride, lithium chloride, lithium bromide, sodium fluoride, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium fluoride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, etc., to transmit the negative electrode metal ions.

[0030] The above-mentioned aspects not involved are applicable to the prior art.

[0031] Although some specific embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration, and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and those skilled in the art in the technical field to which the utility model belongs can make various modifications or supplements or adopt similar ways to replace the described specific embodiments, but will not deviate from the direction of the utility model or exceed the range defined by the attached claims. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made according to the technical essence of the utility model to the above embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An apparatus for monitoring an interfacial reaction of a liquid metal battery in situ, characterized by: The device comprises a reaction container (1), a heater (2), an electrode support (3), two conductive crucibles (4), an electrochemical workstation (5), a temperature sensor (6) and a camera (7); the reaction container (1) contains molten electrolyte, the heater (2) is used for heating the reaction container (1), the two conductive crucibles (4) are suspended and arranged in the reaction container (1) by the electrode support (3) and are located below the liquid level of the molten electrolyte, the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are respectively placed in the conductive crucibles (4), the two conductive crucibles (4) are electrically connected with the electrochemical workstation (5) through wires; the temperature sensor (6) is used for detecting the temperature of the molten electrolyte, and the camera (7) is arranged above the reaction container (1).

2. A device for in-situ monitoring of an interfacial reaction of a liquid metal battery as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction container (1) is one of a ceramic crucible, a graphite crucible or a stainless steel crucible.

3. The device for in-situ monitoring of liquid metal battery interface reactions of claim 1, wherein: The conductive crucible (4) is 1-3 mm away from the liquid level of the molten electrolyte.

4. The device for in-situ monitoring of liquid metal battery interface reactions of claim 1, wherein: The conductive crucible (4) is a graphite conductive crucible (4) or a stainless steel conductive crucible (4).

5. The device for in-situ monitoring of liquid metal battery interface reactions of claim 1, wherein: The electrode support (3) comprises a base (31), a support rod (32) and a bearing disc (33), the base (31) is arranged outside the reaction container (1), one end of the support rod (32) is fixed on the base (31), the other end is connected and fixed with the bearing disc (33), the bearing disc (33) is arranged in the reaction container (1) through the support rod (32), and the conductive crucible (4) is placed on the bearing disc (33).

6. A device for in-situ monitoring of an interfacial reaction of a liquid metal battery as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The bearing disc (33) and the support rod (32) are both insulators.

7. The device for in-situ monitoring of liquid metal battery interface reactions of claim 1, wherein: The heater (2) comprises a heating shell (21) surrounding the reaction container (1) and a resistance wire (22) arranged in the heating shell (21), and the resistance wire (22) is connected with a power supply.

8. The device for in-situ monitoring of liquid metal battery interface reactions of claim 1, wherein: The device for monitoring the interface reaction of the liquid metal battery in situ is located in a glove box, and the atmosphere in the glove box is argon.

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