Safe hand-cranking mechanism for point switch

Abstract

The utility model discloses a safety hand-cranking mechanism for a point switch, which relates to the technical field of railway turnout switching equipment and comprises a fixing sleeve, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, two holes are arranged on the fixing sleeve, and the axes of the two holes are intersected; the end of the hand-cranking projecting shaft is located in one hole of the fixing sleeve, and the first bevel gear is arranged at the end of the hand-cranking projecting shaft; the other hole of the fixing sleeve is used for inserting the hand crank, and the second bevel gear is arranged at the end of the hand crank; the hand crank is inserted into the other hole of the fixing sleeve, so that the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear, and the switch machine is driven by rotating the hand crank; an identification ring is mounted in a hole, into which the hand crank is inserted, in the fixing sleeve; and an identification column is arranged on the hand crank in series with the second bevel gear. The included angle between the hand-cranking handle and the hand-cranking projecting shaft can be designed as required, so that the selection flexibility of the insertion position of the hand-cranking handle is greatly enhanced. Corresponding identification of the point switch and the hand crank is achieved, and safety is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to railway turnout conversion equipment technical field, especially a kind of safety hand crank mechanism for switch machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] Switch machine usually uses hand crank to realize manual operation function.Most of existing switch machines use hand crank shaft and transmission shaft parallel direction to hand crank, such as switch machine hand crank head has square sleeve, reducer transmission shaft extension end is square shaft, square sleeve is inserted into square shaft, and hand crank drives transmission shaft to rotate.When the direction of hand crank needs to be changed, the structure is difficult to realize, for example, when user requires hand crank switch machine not to face turnout, to meet the requirement of left installation and right installation of switch machine, some models need to design structure that left side and right side can be hand cranked, which increases the complexity and cost of hand crank structure.In addition, in order to ensure safety and prevent error operation of switch machine, fixed hand crank needs to be used to hand crank fixed switch machine, that is, hand crank and switch machine need to be identified and matched before hand cranking.

[0003] As shown in Figure 1 The hand crank mechanism of existing switch machine is designed on the side of machine cover, and the interface is directly opposite to the hand crank extension shaft of switch machine, which only considers the convenience of hand crank motor, and cannot guarantee the availability of hand crank mechanism space when the internal structure of switch machine changes, and does not consider the mutual identification between hand crank and switch machine, which reduces the safety during hand cranking. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] Based on the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a safety hand crank mechanism for switch machine, which solves the problems that existing switch machine cannot guarantee the availability of hand crank mechanism space and does not consider the mutual identification between hand crank and switch machine, which reduces the safety during hand cranking.

[0005] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The utility model provides a safety hand crank mechanism for switch machine, which includes hand crank and hand crank extension shaft for driving switch machine, and the safety hand crank mechanism at least includes fixing sleeve, first bevel gear and second bevel gear, the fixing sleeve is fixed in switch machine, two holes are arranged on the fixing sleeve, and the axis of the two holes intersects;The hand crank extension shaft is located in one hole of the fixing sleeve, and the first bevel gear is arranged at the end of the hand crank extension shaft;The other hole of the fixing sleeve is used for inserting hand crank, and the second bevel gear is arranged at the end of the hand crank;Hand crank is inserted into the other hole of the fixing sleeve, so that the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are engaged with each other, and the switch machine is driven by rotating hand crank;

[0007] The identification ring is installed on the hole of the fixed sleeve for inserting the hand crank, the identification column is arranged on the hand crank in series with the second bevel gear, the identification ring is provided with a through hole, and the axis of the through hole is coaxial with the hole of the fixed sleeve for inserting the hand crank; a slot is formed on the identification ring, and a protrusion is arranged on the identification column, and when the protrusion is positioned in the slot, the identification column and the identification ring are matched.

[0008] A plug-in hole is formed on the cover or the bottom shell at the intersection of the axis of the hole of the fixed sleeve for inserting the hand crank, and a plug-in cylinder is installed at the plug-in hole; the end of the plug-in cylinder exposed outside the cover or the bottom shell is provided with a thread and a hand cover, and the hand cover is threadedly connected with the plug-in cylinder; the plug-in cylinder is blocked after the hand cover is screwed, and the hand cover is removed after being unscrewed, and the hand crank is inserted into and extends into the corresponding hole of the fixed sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the identification ring is annular, the top of the ring wall of the identification ring is provided with not less than two slots, the identification column is provided with protrusions in the same number as the slots, the outer envelope cylinder of the protrusions is larger than the inner diameter of the identification ring, and the width of the protrusions is not greater than the slot width; when the positions of the protrusions on the identification column correspond to the positions of the slots on the identification ring, the protrusions can simultaneously enter the slots of the identification ring, and the identification column and the identification ring are matched; when at least one of the protrusions on the identification column does not correspond to the position of the slot on the identification ring, the protrusions cannot enter the slots of the identification ring, and the identification column and the identification ring are not matched.

[0010] Preferably, the identification ring rotates relative to the fixed sleeve, the identification column is fixed relative to the second bevel gear, and the identification ring and the second bevel gear rotate simultaneously during the driving of the hand crank.

[0011] Preferably, the identification ring is fixed relative to the fixed sleeve, and the identification column on the hand crank is matched with the identification ring, and then the hand crank rotates relative to the identification column, and the second bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear to drive the switch machine.

[0012] Preferably, the plug-in cylinder is welded on the cover or the bottom shell, or the outer diameter of one end of the plug-in cylinder is greater than the diameter of the plug-in hole on the cover or the bottom shell, and the other end has a thread, the plug-in cylinder passes through the plug-in hole from inside the switch machine, and a locking nut is screwed into the plug-in cylinder from outside the switch machine to fix the plug-in cylinder on the cover or the bottom shell.

[0013] Preferably, the hand cover has a blind hole, the blind hole has a thread, and the thread in the blind hole of the hand cover is screwed on the plug-in cylinder; or the outer periphery of the hand cover has a thread, and the inner hole of the plug-in cylinder has a thread, and the two are screwed together.

[0014] Preferably, the plug-in cylinder has a sealing ring on the outer periphery, and the sealing ring is pressed tightly after the hand cover is screwed with the plug-in cylinder; or the outer periphery of the hand cover has a step at the end of the thread, and the sealing ring is arranged at the step, and the sealing ring is pressed tightly after the hand cover is screwed with the plug-in cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the manual cover has a circumferential groove, a rope is sleeved in the circumferential groove, and the rope is fixed to the insertion cylinder at the end.

[0016] Preferably, the protrusion on the identification column is a columnar or block object fixedly installed on the identification column, including a cylinder, a cylinder head screw or a cylinder head bolt.

[0017] Preferably, the identification ring is fixed relative to the fixed sleeve, bearings are installed in the corresponding holes of the fixed sleeve, and the identification ring is positioned by the bearings.

[0018] Preferably, the identification ring is fixed relative to the fixed sleeve, the identification column rotates relative to the second bevel gear, the identification column is sleeved on the hand crank shaft, or is installed on the hand crank lever of the hand crank through a bearing assembly, and the second bevel gear rotates relative to the identification column.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the above at least one technical scheme of the utility model can achieve the following

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] The fixed sleeve is provided with two holes, the axes of the two holes intersect, the hand crank extension shaft end head is located in one hole of the fixed sleeve, the other hole of the fixed sleeve is used for inserting the hand crank, the first bevel gear is arranged at the hand crank extension shaft end head, and the second bevel gear is arranged at the hand crank end head. Through the meshing relationship of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, the included angle between the hand crank and the hand crank extension shaft of the utility model can be designed according to needs, and the insertion direction of the hand crank can also be selected at an appropriate position in the 360-degree range based on the axis of the hand crank extension shaft according to needs, so that the flexibility of the hand crank insertion position selection is greatly enhanced.

[0022] Meanwhile, the identification ring is arranged on the hand crank insertion path, the identification column is arranged at the hand crank end head, the hand crank can be completely inserted only when the identification column matches the identification ring, the bevel gear meshing condition is met, otherwise the hand crank extension shaft cannot be driven to rotate. The corresponding identification of the switch machine and the hand crank is realized, error hand driving of the switch machine is prevented, and safety is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical schemes in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the prior switch machine hand crank mechanism.

[0025] Wherein, Figure 1 (a): the existing switch machine hand crank mechanism interface schematic, Figure 1 (b): the existing switch machine hand crank extension shaft schematic;

[0026] Figure 2 is the switch machine safety hand crank mechanism schematic of the utility model,

[0027] Figure 3 is the identification matching schematic of the utility model,

[0028] Figure 4 is the identification rotating assembly schematic of the utility model,

[0029] Wherein, Figure 4 (a): the identification rotating assembly schematic of the identification ring relative to the fixed sleeve rotation, Figure 4 (b): the identification rotating assembly schematic of the identification ring relative to the fixed sleeve fixation,

[0030] Figure 5 is the switch machine hand cover mechanism schematic of the utility model,

[0031] Wherein, Figure 5 (a): the ordinary type hand cover mechanism, Figure 5 (b): the embedded type hand cover mechanism,

[0032] Figure 6 is the hand crank structure schematic of the utility model.

[0033] In the figure, 1-fixed sleeve, 2-first bevel gear, 3-second bevel gear, 4-identification ring, 5-identification column, 6-insertion cylinder, 7-hand cover, 8-sealing ring, 9-hand crank, 10-hand crank extension shaft, 11-hand crank lever, 12-machine cover, 13-rope, 14-locking nut, 15-bearing, 16-bottom shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0035] The utility model provides a kind of switch machine safety hand crank mechanism, refer to Figures 2-6The utility model discloses a safety hand crank mechanism of hand crank switch, including hand crank 9 and the identification rotation assembly outside the driving extension shaft 10 of switch machine. The safety hand crank mechanism at least includes fixed sleeve 1, first bevel gear 2 and second bevel gear 3. Fixed sleeve 1 is fixedly installed on the shell of hand crank extension shaft 10, and fixed sleeve 1 is equipped with two holes, and the axis of two holes intersects. Among them, the end of hand crank extension shaft 10 is located in one hole of fixed sleeve 1, and first bevel gear 2 is arranged at the end of hand crank extension shaft 10. The other hole of fixed sleeve 1 is used for inserting hand crank 9, and second bevel gear 3 is arranged at the end of hand crank 9. When hand crank 9 is inserted into the other hole of fixed sleeve 1, makes first bevel gear 2 and second bevel gear 3 interlock, drives switch machine by rotating hand crank 9.

[0036] The hole for inserting hand crank 9 on fixed sleeve 1 is installed with identification ring 4, and hand crank 9 is arranged with identification column 5 in series with second bevel gear 3, the middle part of identification ring 4 is through-hole, and the axis of through-hole is coaxial with the hole for inserting hand crank 9 on fixed sleeve 1. The identification ring 4 is provided with a groove, and the identification column 5 is provided with a protrusion. When the groove and the protrusion are in a corresponding position, the protrusion enters the groove, and the identification column 5 and the identification ring 4 are matched.

[0037] In the embodiment, the identification ring 4 is annular, and the top of the ring wall is provided with not less than two grooves. The identification column 5 has the same number of protrusions as the grooves. The outer envelope cylinder of the protrusions is larger than the inner diameter of the identification ring 4, and the width of the protrusions is not greater than the groove width. When the positions of the protrusions on the identification column 5 correspond to the positions of the grooves on the identification ring 4, the protrusions can simultaneously enter the grooves of the identification ring 4, and the identification column 5 and the identification ring 4 are matched. When at least one protrusion on the identification column 5 does not correspond to the position of the groove on the identification ring 4, the protrusions cannot enter the grooves of the identification ring 4, and the identification column 5 and the identification ring 4 are not matched.

[0038] In the embodiment, in order to realize the rotation of the second bevel gear 3 driven by the first bevel gear 2, the identification ring 4 can rotate relative to the fixed sleeve 1, and the identification column 5 is fixed relative to the second bevel gear 3. During the process of driving the switch machine by the hand crank 9, the hand crank 9 drives the rotation of the identification column 5, drives the rotation of the identification ring 4, and the identification ring 4 rotates simultaneously with the second bevel gear 3. Further, a bearing 15 is installed in the corresponding hole of the fixed sleeve 1, and the identification ring 4 is positioned by the bearing 15.

[0039] In the embodiment, in order to realize the rotation of the second bevel gear 3 driven by the first bevel gear 2, the identification ring 4 can also be fixed relative to the fixed sleeve 1, and the second bevel gear 3 rotates relative to the identification column 5. During the process of driving the switch machine by the hand crank 9, the identification ring 4 is fixed after being matched with the identification column 5, and the hand crank 9 drives the rotation of the second bevel gear 3. Further, the identification column 5 is sleeved on the shaft of the hand crank 9 or is installed on the shaft of the hand crank 9 through a bearing assembly, and the second bevel gear 3 rotates relative to the identification column 5.

[0040] The insertion hole is provided on the cover 12 or the bottom shell 16 and the fixed sleeve 1, and the hollow cylindrical insertion cylinder 6 is arranged on the insertion hole.

[0041] In the embodiment, the insertion cylinder 6 is welded on the insertion hole of the cover 12 or the bottom shell 16.

[0042] In the embodiment, the manual cover 7 has a blind hole, and the blind hole is threaded.

[0043] In the embodiment, the insertion cylinder 6 has a sealing ring 8, and the manual cover 7 is screwed with the insertion cylinder 6 to press the sealing ring 8.

[0044] In the embodiment, the manual cover 7 has a circumferential groove, the rope 13 is sleeved in the circumferential groove, the end of the rope 13 is fixed on the insertion cylinder 6, and the manual cover 7 is connected with the insertion cylinder 6 through the rope 13 after the manual cover 7 is completely screwed with the insertion cylinder 6.

[0045] In the embodiment, the protrusion on the identification column 5 is a columnar or block object fixedly arranged on the identification column 5, including a cylinder, a cylinder head screw or a cylinder head bolt. Figure 3

[0046] Referring to Figures 2-6 In the embodiment, the insertion hole is arranged on the cover 12.

[0047] The safety hand crank mechanism of the switch machine comprises an identification ring 4 arranged outside a hand crank extension shaft 10 of the switch machine, the axis of the identification ring 4 intersects with the axis of the hand crank extension shaft 10, and a plurality of grooves are arranged on the top of the identification ring 4.

[0048] ​The hand crank 9 comprises a hand crank lever 11 matched with the insertion cylinder 6, and the hand crank lever 11 is provided with an identification column 5 at the end, and the identification column 5 is provided with a plurality of protrusions matched with a plurality of slots on the outside. The identification ring 4 is annular, and the top of the ring wall is provided with not less than two slots, and the identification column 5 is provided with protrusions with the same number of slots, and the outer envelope cylinder of the protrusions is larger than the inner diameter of the identification ring 4, and the width of the protrusions is not greater than the slot width. When the protrusions on the identification column 5 can all enter the slots of the identification ring 4, the identification column 5 and the identification ring 4 are matched, and when at least one of the protrusions on the identification column 5 cannot enter the slots of the identification ring 4, the identification column 5 and the identification ring 4 are not matched.

[0049] Referring to Figure 5 The manual cover mechanism comprises a manual cover 7, a rope 13, a locking nut 14, a sealing ring 8 and an insertion cylinder 6. The insertion cylinder 6 is arranged in the insertion hole of the hand crank insertion mechanism reserved on the machine cover 12, and in this embodiment, the insertion cylinder 6 is fastened on the machine cover 12 through the locking nut 14. In order to ensure the sealing, the bottom of the insertion cylinder 6 extending out of the upper edge of the machine cover 12 and connected with the locking nut 14 is provided with the sealing ring 8. The insertion cylinder 6 is sleeved with the manual cover 7 on the outside. One end of the rope 13 is press-fitted below the locking nut 14 and on the upper plane of the machine cover 12. The sealing ring 8 is then installed on the inside of the locking nut 14 and fastened on the upper surface of the rope 13 through the thread with the insertion cylinder 6. The other end of the rope 13 is embedded in the stepped cylinder (annular slot) of the manual cover 7, which is convenient for the integrated storage after being opened.

[0050] When the switch machine normally operates, the insertion cylinder 6 reserved on the machine cover 12 is locked through the manual cover 7, and the hand crank extension shaft 10 rotates following the movement of the motor.

[0051] As Figure 4 The identification rotating assembly shown in (a) mainly comprises a fixed sleeve 1 and an identification ring 4. The structure mainly realizes the identification and constraint support of the hand crank 9. The identification ring 4 rotates relative to the fixed sleeve 1, and the identification column 5 is fixed relative to the second bevel gear 3. During the driving of the switch machine by the hand crank 9, the identification ring 4 rotates simultaneously with the second bevel gear 3.

[0052] The identification ring 4 is installed on the outside of the hand crank extension shaft 10 of the switch machine through the interface perpendicular to the direction of the identification ring 4, and the center of the first bevel gear 2 extending out of the hand crank extension shaft 10 intersects with the center of the identification ring 4.

[0053] Figure 4 In (b), the identification ring 4 is fixed relative to the fixed sleeve 1, and the second bevel gear 3 rotates relative to the identification column 5. During the driving of the switch machine by the hand crank 9, the hand crank lever 11 rotates simultaneously with the second bevel gear 3.

[0054] Referring to Figure 6The hand crank 9 is mainly composed of a hand crank lever 11, a discrimination column 5 and a second bevel gear 3. When the hand crank 9 is inserted into the discrimination ring 4, the protrusions arranged at an angle on the discrimination column 5 are matched with the grooves on the discrimination ring 4, and the protrusions and the grooves are aligned, and then the discrimination column 5 can be sunk into the discrimination ring 4 and engaged with the first bevel gear 2 outside the hand crank extension shaft 10 of the switch machine, so that the hand crank 9 can be operated.

[0055] When the switch machine needs to be hand-cranked, the hand cover 7 on the machine cover 12 is removed, and the hand crank 9 is inserted. The hand crank 9 is provided with the discrimination column 5 and the second bevel gear 3. Only when the discrimination column 5 is matched with the discrimination ring 4, the hand crank 9 can be sunk to engage with the first bevel gear 2 at the interface of the hand crank extension shaft 10, transmit torque, control the rotation of the switch machine motor, and then make the switch machine act.

[0056] The fixed sleeve is installed and positioned with the hand crank extension shaft center as the axis, and can be rotated to any angle. The engagement angle of the bevel gear can be changed as needed, so the included angle of the two holes on the fixed sleeve can also have multiple options.

[0057] With the continuous development of the railway market, more and more overseas projects are being built. When customers evaluate the switch machine scheme, the safety requirements and operation habits have different requirements for the insertion direction of the hand crank mechanism than the domestic machine cover lateral hand crank. In order to adapt to more diversified use scenarios of the switch machine, the insertion direction of the single hand crank mechanism of the traditional switch machine is changed, and the flexibility and safety of the hand crank mode are enhanced.

[0058] Further, the insertion cylinder 6 adopts an embedded structure design in the machine cover 12, which reduces the external profile of the switch machine.

[0059] Figure 5 (b) is a schematic view of the embedded hand cover. Compared with the above scheme, the hand cover 7 can be a T-shaped solid structure with a reduced height. The rope 13 is installed at the center of the T-shaped edge, and after winding around the circumferential groove, it is fixed in the insertion cylinder 6. The insertion cylinder 6 is a hollow pipe with a flange, and the internal threaded interface is matched with the external threaded interface of the hand cover 7. The flange bottom is welded on the machine cover 12, and the top boss is installed with a sealing ring 8 outside.

[0060] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments once they know the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present application.

[0061] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine comprising a hand crank handle (9) and a hand crank extension shaft (10) that drives the switch machine, characterized in that, The safe hand-cranking mechanism comprises a fixed sleeve (1), a first bevel gear (2) and a second bevel gear (3). The fixed sleeve (1) is fixed in the switch machine. Two holes are arranged on the fixed sleeve (1), and the axes of the two holes intersect. A hand-cranking extension shaft (10) is arranged in one hole of the fixed sleeve (1), and the first bevel gear (2) is arranged at the end of the hand-cranking extension shaft (10). The other hole of the fixed sleeve (1) is used for inserting a hand-cranking handle (9), and the second bevel gear (3) is arranged at the end of the hand-cranking handle (9). The hand-cranking handle (9) is inserted into the other hole of the fixed sleeve (1), so that the first bevel gear (2) and the second bevel gear (3) are engaged with each other, and the switch machine is driven by rotating the hand-cranking handle (9). A discrimination ring (4) is arranged in the hole of the fixed sleeve (1) for inserting the hand-cranking handle (9). A discrimination column (5) is arranged in series with the second bevel gear (3) on the hand-cranking handle (9). The discrimination ring (4) is provided with a through hole, and the axis of the through hole is coaxial with the hole of the fixed sleeve (1) for inserting the hand-cranking handle (9). A groove is arranged on the discrimination ring (4), and a protrusion is arranged on the discrimination column (5). When the protrusion is positioned in the groove, the discrimination column (5) and the discrimination ring (4) are matched. A plug-in hole is arranged on the machine cover (12) or the bottom shell (16) at the intersection of the axis of the hole of the fixed sleeve (1) for inserting the hand-cranking handle (9). A plug-in cylinder (6) is arranged at the plug-in hole. A thread and a hand cover (7) are arranged at the end of the plug-in cylinder (6) exposed outside the machine cover (12) or the bottom shell (16). The hand cover (7) is threadedly connected with the plug-in cylinder (6). The hand cover (7) is screwed to block the plug-in cylinder (6), and is unscrewed and removed. The hand-cranking handle (9) is inserted into and extends into the corresponding hole of the fixed sleeve (1).

2. A safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that, The discrimination ring (4) is annular, and the top of the ring wall is provided with not less than two grooves. The discrimination column (5) is provided with protrusions in the same number as the grooves. The outer envelope cylinder of the protrusions is larger than the inner diameter of the discrimination ring (4), and the width of the protrusions is not greater than the groove width. When the positions of the protrusions on the discrimination column (5) correspond to the positions of the grooves on the discrimination ring (4), the protrusions can simultaneously enter the grooves of the discrimination ring (4), and the discrimination column (5) and the discrimination ring (4) are matched. When at least one protrusion on the discrimination column (5) does not correspond to the position of the groove on the discrimination ring (4), the protrusions cannot enter the grooves of the discrimination ring (4), and the discrimination column (5) and the discrimination ring (4) are not matched.

3. A safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine as defined in claim 1 wherein, The discrimination ring (4) rotates relative to the fixed sleeve (1), and the discrimination column (5) is fixed relative to the second bevel gear (3). During the process of driving the switch machine by the hand-cranking handle (9), the discrimination ring (4) and the second bevel gear (3) rotate simultaneously.

4. The safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine according to claim 1, wherein, The discrimination ring (4) is fixed relative to the fixed sleeve (1). After the discrimination column (5) on the hand-cranking handle (9) is matched with the discrimination ring (4), the hand-cranking handle (9) rotates relative to the discrimination column (5). The second bevel gear (3) is engaged with the first bevel gear (2) to drive the switch machine.

5. A safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine as defined in claim 1 wherein, The insertion cylinder (6) is welded on the machine cover (12) or the bottom shell (16), or the outer diameter of one end of the insertion cylinder (6) is greater than the diameter of the insertion hole on the machine cover (12) or the bottom shell (16), and the other end has a threaded outer periphery. The insertion cylinder (6) passes through the insertion hole from inside the switch machine, and the locking nut (14) is screwed from outside the switch machine into the insertion cylinder (6) to fix the insertion cylinder (6) on the machine cover (12) or the bottom shell (16).

6. A safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine as defined in claim 1 wherein, The manual cover (7) has a blind hole with threads inside, and the threads in the blind hole of the manual cover (7) are screwed onto the insertion cylinder (6); or the manual cover (7) has a threaded outer periphery, and the insertion cylinder (6) has a threaded inner hole, which are screwed together.

7. A safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine as defined in claim 1 wherein, The insertion cylinder (6) has a sealing ring (8) on the outer periphery, and the sealing ring (8) is pressed tightly after the manual cover (7) is screwed onto the insertion cylinder (6); or the manual cover (7) has a step at the end of the outer periphery thread, and the sealing ring (8) is arranged at the step, and the sealing ring (8) is pressed tightly after the manual cover (7) is screwed onto the insertion cylinder (6).

8. A safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine as defined in claim 1 wherein, The manual cover (7) has a circumferential groove on the outer periphery, and a rope (13) is sleeved in the circumferential groove. The end of the rope (13) is fixed on the insertion cylinder (6), and the manual cover (7) and the insertion cylinder (6) are connected through the rope (13) after the threaded connection between the manual cover (7) and the insertion cylinder (6) is completely unscrewed.

9. A safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine as defined in claim 1 wherein, The protrusion on the identification column (5) is a columnar or block-shaped object fixedly installed on the identification column (5), including a cylinder, a cylinder head screw or a cylinder head bolt.

10. The safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine as set forth in claim 3, wherein, The identification ring (4) rotates relative to the fixed sleeve (1), and a bearing (15) is installed in the corresponding hole of the fixed sleeve (1), and the identification ring (4) is positioned by the bearing (15).

11. A safety hand crank mechanism for a switch machine as defined in claim 4 wherein, The identification ring (4) is fixed relative to the fixed sleeve (1), and the identification column (5) rotates relative to the second bevel gear (3), and the identification column (5) is sleeved on the shaft of the hand crank (9); or is installed on the hand lever (11) of the hand crank (9) through a bearing assembly, and the second bevel gear (3) rotates relative to the identification column (5).

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