Elastic sleeper integrally formed based on composite material

Abstract

The integrally-formed elastic sleeper based on the composite material comprises an elastic bottom layer and a sleeper body, a nylon sleeve used for being connected with an installation fastener to fix a steel rail is embedded in the upper end face of the sleeper body, and inner filler is arranged in two symmetrically-arranged cavities in the lower end face of the sleeper body. The integrally-formed sleeper body, the inner filler and the elastic bottom layer on the lower end face of the sleeper body form a conical body structure with the upper end smaller than the lower end. By optimizing the sleeper structure and materials, the defects that a traditional sleeper is high in replacement cost and heavy in weight are overcome, the weight of the sleeper is remarkably reduced, the structural strength of the sleeper is ensured, the nylon sleeve is embedded in the upper end face of the sleeper body, various functions of the sleeper in actual use are effectively guaranteed, and the sleeper is suitable for popularization and application. Solid support is provided for safety and stability of railway transportation, the maintenance and replacement cost can be effectively reduced, the elastic performance of the sleeper is good, the integral forming machining period is short, cost is low, efficiency is high, and the requirements for high quality and high performance of the sleeper are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to railway equipment technical field, concretely relates to a kind of elastic sleeper based on composite material integrated forming. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional wood sleeper and concrete sleeper have many deficiencies, such as limited wood sleeper resources, easy to corrode, service life will be greatly shortened due to factors such as freight flow, speed and load, high replacement cost, heavy concrete sleeper, inconvenient installation and replacement. With the development of railway construction, the performance requirements of the sleeper are continuously improved, and a new type of sleeper that has good performance and overcomes the shortcomings of traditional sleepers is needed. Glass fiber reinforced plastic sleeper emerges as the times require. Glass fiber reinforced plastic, also known as glass fiber reinforced plastic, is made of glass fiber and synthetic resin. It has the advantages of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and good insulation. The service life of the sleeper made of glass fiber reinforced plastic can reach more than 50 years, which can effectively reduce maintenance and replacement cost. Therefore, it is necessary to improve. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model solves the technical problem: provide a kind of elastic sleeper based on composite material integrated forming, by optimizing sleeper body structure and material, the sleeper main body made of glass steel material filled with inner filler in the two cavities in the sleeper main body and the elastic bottom layer formed by the elastic bottom layer integrally formed with the sleeper main body and the lower end surface of the inner filler solve the drawbacks of high replacement cost and heavy weight of traditional sleeper, significantly reduce the weight of sleeper, ensure the structural strength of sleeper, and effectively protect the functions of sleeper in actual use by embedding nylon sleeve on the upper end surface of sleeper body, provide solid support for the safety and stability of railway transportation, effectively reduce maintenance and replacement cost, sleeper has good elastic performance, integrated forming processing cycle is short, cost is low, efficiency is high, meet the high quality and high performance requirements of sleeper, have very high use value.

[0004] The utility model adopts the technical scheme: the elastic sleeper based on composite material integrated forming, including elastic bottom layer and the sleeper main body that is located at the upper end surface of elastic bottom layer, the sleeper main body upper end surface is embedded with the nylon sleeve for connecting and fixing rail with installation fastener, the two symmetrical cavities of sleeper main body lower end surface are equipped with inner filler, and the sleeper main body, inner filler and the elastic bottom layer of its lower end surface are integrally formed, forming a conical structure with smaller upper end size than lower end size.

[0005] Among them, the elastic bottom layer includes elastic layer and bottom plate, the bottom plate is fixed to the upper end surface of the elastic layer, and the lower end surface of the sleeper main body and the inner filler is in contact with and fixed to the upper end surface of the bottom plate.

[0006] Further, the bottom plate is molded by glass steel material.

[0007] Further, the elastic layer is made of rubber material and is vulcanized with the bottom plate.

[0008] Further, the inner filler is made of rubber particles and is vulcanized and formed.

[0009] Further, the sleeper body is made of glass steel material and is integrally formed with the inner filler and the elastic bottom layer.

[0010] The preparation method of the elastic sleeper based on the integrally formed composite material includes the following steps:

[0011] 1) Place the mold with the opening facing upwards, pass the small end of the two nylon positioning bolts through the two through holes on the bottom surface of the mold, and threadedly connect the nylon sleeve at the corresponding position in the mold, and then tighten and fix the nylon sleeve in the mold by the nylon positioning bolt to complete the positioning of the nylon sleeve in the mold.

[0012] 2) Cut the glass steel material according to the size of the laying position in the inner cavity of the mold, then lay the glass steel along the inner wall of the mold, then lay it on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the mold, then wrap and lay it around the nylon sleeve, and then lay it on the top surface of the nylon sleeve, so that the glass steel material completely wraps the nylon sleeve inside, and finally fill and lay the glass steel in the middle position of the long side of the inner cavity of the mold.

[0013] 3) Use a core mold with two U-shaped structures to mold the glass steel material laid in the mold to form a semi-finished sleeper body.

[0014] 4) Place the semi-finished sleeper body in the mold, fill the rubber particles in the two cavities on the semi-finished sleeper body, then lay the glass steel material of the required thickness on the top surface, and finally lay the rubber on the glass steel material.

[0015] 5) Use a flat plate to heat and vulcanize the material in the mold as a whole and mold it, so that the rubber and the glass steel material in the mold are integrally molded and vulcanized to form an elastic sleeper.

[0016] In the above step 1), the mold is a hollow box-shaped structure with an open upper end, and the inner walls of the mold are all inclined surfaces forming a conical body-shaped inner cavity.

[0017] In the above step 2), the glass steel laid around the inner wall of the mold, on the bottom surface, around the nylon sleeve, and for the intermediate support filling is used to form a sleeper body made of glass steel material.

[0018] In the above step 4), the rubber particles filled in the cavities are used to form an inner filler made of rubber material, and the glass steel material laid on the upper end of the rubber particles is used to form a bottom plate, and the rubber laid on the glass steel material is used to form an elastic layer.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:

[0020] 1. The technical scheme fills the glass steel material with internal filling in the two cavities in the body structure and material of the sleeper, and forms the elastic sleeper by the sleeper main body made of the glass steel material and the elastic bottom layer which is integrally formed with the sleeper main body and the lower end surface of the internal filling, solves the drawbacks of large replacement cost and large weight of the traditional sleeper, significantly reduces the weight of the sleeper, ensures the structural strength of the sleeper,

[0021] 2. The technical scheme adopts the structure that the sleeper body of the glass steel material and the internal filling with rubber are combined with the elastic layer of the glass steel bottom plate and the rubber material and integrally formed, greatly improves the elastic performance of the sleeper, has good buffering and damping effect, and simplifies the processing procedure of the sleeper;

[0022] 3. The technical scheme pre-buries the nylon sleeve pipe on the upper end surface of the sleeper body, effectively guarantees various functions of the sleeper in actual use, provides solid support for the safety and stability of railway transportation, and can effectively reduce the maintenance and replacement cost;

[0023] 4. The technical scheme has simple structure, novel design, greatly shortens the processing period of the sleeper by the one-piece die pressing vulcanization forming processing technology, has low cost and high efficiency, meets the high quality and high performance requirements of the sleeper, and has high use value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of detachable positioning and fixing of the nylon sleeve pipe in the mold;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a primary pressure forming schematic view of the sleeper body in the mold;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a perspective view of the sleeper main body which is formed as a semi-finished product by first die pressing;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of the two cavities in the mold filled with rubber particles;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of the mold after the elastic bottom layer material is laid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The utility model will be described below in combination with the Figures 1-6In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application clear and complete, obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this paper, without the opposite description, it is understood that: the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In this paper, the term "includes", "contains" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more limitations. The element defined by the sentence "includes a......" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0033] Based on the composite material integrated elastic sleeper, such as Figure 1As shown, including the elastic bottom layer 1 and set in the elastic bottom layer 1 upper end surface tie main body 2, the tie main body 2 upper end surface pre-embedded for connecting and fixing rail with installation fastener nylon sleeve 3, through the tie main body 2 upper end surface pre-embedded nylon sleeve 3, effectively guarantee the function of the tie in actual use, provide solid support for the safety and stability of railway transportation, can effectively reduce maintenance and replacement cost;The lower end surface of the tie main body 2 is provided with two symmetrical cavities 7, and the integral tie main body 2, the inner filler 4 and the lower end surface of the elastic bottom layer 1 form a conical structure with the upper end size smaller than the lower end size;In the above structure, the tie main body 2 made of glass steel material filled with inner filler 4 in the two cavities 7 and the elastic tie formed by the elastic bottom layer 1 integrally formed with the lower end surface of the tie main body 2 and the inner filler 4 solve the problem of high cost and heavy weight of traditional tie replacement, significantly reduce the weight of the tie, ensure the structural strength of the tie, the inner filler 4 molded by rubber particles vulcanization is used for energy absorption, and the vibration energy is absorbed by the inner filler 4 and converted into heat energy form to consume, further improve the damping performance of the composite tie.

[0034] The specific structure of the elastic bottom layer 1 is as follows: the elastic bottom layer 1 comprises an elastic layer 1-1 and a bottom plate 1-2, the bottom plate 1-2 is fixed to the upper end surface of the elastic layer 1-1, and the lower end surface of the tie main body 2 and the inner filler 4 are in contact with and fixed to the upper end surface of the bottom plate 1-2;In the above structure, the elastic layer 1-1 provides damping and buffering effect, the bottom plate 1-2 and the tie main body 2 are made of glass steel material, which has the advantages of reducing the weight of the tie and maintaining sufficient strength, meeting the requirement of high strength and low weight of the tie, and having strong corrosion resistance, greatly prolonging the service life of the tie, having good joint performance, not reflecting or blocking the propagation of microwaves, being of great significance to signal transmission and safety in the track system, and having good heat insulation performance, so that the tie can maintain stable performance under different temperature conditions.

[0035] The bottom plate 1-2 is molded by glass steel material;Specifically, the elastic layer 1-1 is vulcanized with the bottom plate 1-2;Specifically, the inner filler 4 is vulcanized by rubber particles;Specifically, the tie main body 2 is integrally formed with the inner filler 4 and the elastic bottom layer 1 by glass steel material;In the above structure, the tie main body 2 made of glass steel material and the inner filler 4 with rubber inside are combined with the glass steel bottom plate 1-1 and the elastic layer 1-2 made of rubber material and integrally formed, which greatly improves the elastic performance of the tie, has good damping and buffering effect, and simplifies the processing procedure of the tie.

[0036] The preparation method of the elastic tie based on the integral forming of composite material comprises the following steps:

[0037] 1) as Figure 2As shown, the mold 5 is placed flat with the opening facing upwards, the small end of the two nylon positioning bolts 6 is respectively threaded through the two through holes on the bottom surface of the mold 5 and is screwed with the nylon sleeve 3 at the corresponding position in the mold 5, and the nylon sleeve 3 is pulled tightly and fixed in the mold 5 by the nylon positioning bolt 6, completing the positioning of the nylon sleeve 3 in the mold 5; specifically, the mold 5 is a hollow box-shaped structure with an open upper end, and the inner walls around the mold 5 are all inclined surfaces forming a conical body-shaped inner cavity;

[0038] 2) The glass steel material is cut according to the size of the laying position in the inner cavity of the mold 5, then the glass steel is laid along the inner walls around the mold 5, and then the glass steel is laid to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the mold 5, and then the glass steel is wound around the nylon sleeve 3 and laid on the top surface of the nylon sleeve 3, so that the glass steel material completely wraps the nylon sleeve 3 inside, and finally the glass steel is laid for intermediate support and filling on the middle position of the long side of the inner cavity of the mold 5; specifically, the glass steel laid on the inner walls around the mold 5, the bottom surface, the nylon sleeve 3, and the intermediate support and filling is used to form the sleeper main body 2 of glass steel material.

[0039] 3) The glass steel material laid in the mold 5 is molded by using a core mold with two U-shaped structures, so that a semi-finished sleeper main body 2 is formed after molding, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0040] 4) As shown in Figure 5 , the semi-finished sleeper main body 2 is placed in the mold 5, the two cavities 7 on the semi-finished sleeper main body 2 are filled with rubber particles, then the glass steel material of the required thickness is laid on the top surface, and finally the rubber is laid on the glass steel material; wherein the rubber particles filled in the cavity 7 are used to form the inner filler 4 of rubber material, the glass steel material laid on the upper end of the rubber particles is used to form the bottom plate 1-2, and the rubber laid on the glass steel material is used to form the elastic layer 1-1, as shown in Figure 6 ; the inner filler 4 and the elastic layer 1-1 are both used to improve the vibration and shock resistance of the sleeper, and reduce the foundation vibration, rolling noise and wave deformation of the track;

[0041] 5) The material in the mold 5 is heated and vulcanized as a whole by using a flat plate, so that the rubber and the glass steel material in the mold 5 are molded and vulcanized as a whole to form an elastic sleeper.

[0042] In the technical solution, the mold 5 used for the first molding and the whole heating and molding is the same, and only the core mold and the flat plate used for molding need to be replaced during molding; the structure is simple, the design is novel, the one-piece molding and vulcanization forming process greatly shortens the processing cycle of the sleeper, the cost is low, the efficiency is high, the corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, light weight, high strength and good insulation meet the high quality and high performance requirements of the sleeper, and have high use value.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the above-exemplified embodiments and that the application can be implemented in other particular forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. No limitation is intended to the scope of the claims with regard to which of the described features in a claim are to be every present in one claim and which one are to be present in more than one claim in combination.

[0044] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification describes only one embodiment for carrying out the application, the specification is not limited to only one independent technical solution in each embodiment, and the specification is described in this way only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

Claims

1. Elastic tie-bar based on one-piece composite, characterized in that: The application relates to a rail sleeper, which comprises an elastic bottom layer (1) and a sleeper main body (2) arranged on the upper end face of the elastic bottom layer (1), a nylon sleeve (3) for connecting and fixing a steel rail is embedded on the upper end face of the sleeper main body (2), two symmetrical cavities (7) are arranged on the lower end face of the sleeper main body (2), and an inner filler (4) is arranged in the cavities (7), the sleeper main body (2), the inner filler (4) and the elastic bottom layer (1) on the lower end face are integrally formed, and the upper end size of the sleeper main body (2) is smaller than the lower end size.

2. The integrally formed composite-based resilient tie tie of claim 1, wherein: The elastic bottom layer (1) comprises an elastic layer (1-1) and a bottom plate (1-2), the bottom plate (1-2) is fixed on the upper end face of the elastic layer (1-1), and the lower end faces of the sleeper main body (2) and the inner filler (4) are in contact with and fixed to the upper end face of the bottom plate (1-2).

3. The integrally formed composite-based resilient tie tie of claim 2, wherein: The bottom plate (1-2) is molded by using a glass fiber reinforced plastic material.

4. The integrally formed composite-based resilient tie tie of claim 3, wherein: The elastic layer (1-1) is vulcanized with the bottom plate (1-2) by using a rubber material.

5. The integrally formed composite-based resilient tie tie of claim 1, wherein: The inner filler (4) is vulcanized by using rubber particles.

6. The integrally formed composite-based resilient tie of any of claims 1-5, wherein: The sleeper main body (2) is integrally formed with the inner filler (4) and the elastic bottom layer (1) by using a glass fiber reinforced plastic material.

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