Multifunctional slope runoff and interflow measuring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional slope runoff and interflow measuring device which comprises a plurality of box body units, the box body units are detachably connected together up and down, each box body unit comprises a box body and a flow guide disc, the box body is provided with at least four side plates, and except for the box body unit on the topmost layer, the flow guide disc is arranged on the box body. Outflow notches are formed in the front side plates of the box bodies of the other units, and the flow guide discs are detachably connected to the outflow notches. Through buckle type connection, the box bodies with different heights can be conveniently replaced according to the research depth, the overall height of the device can be changed by increasing or decreasing the number of the box body units, and different types of soil can be conveniently filled / replaced in a layered mode. Large-area outflow channels are designed on the front side plate and the flow guide disc, so that water is not prone to stagnating; the flow guide disc is designed to be detachable, so that the device can be conveniently used for a freeze thawing test after the flow guide disc is detached.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to hydrology test device technical field, concretely is a kind of multifunctional slope runoff and measurement device of interflow. BACKGROUND

[0002] Surface runoff and interflow are important components of slope rainfall-runoff, and the influence of surface runoff vertical infiltration on interflow needs to be studied. Different soil layers of interflow are strictly distinguished and exported in layers, which requires different layered runoff test devices. For example, the patent with application number 201920071419.4 and the utility model name of a movable variable-slope test device for observing surface runoff and layered interflow. However, this test device has several defects:

[0003] 1. The "Y" shaped surface and bottom plate collector, and the separation layer cannot be disassembled, so the freeze-thaw test cannot be performed on this device.

[0004] 2. The interflow outflow holes of the 0-20 cm deep interflow export system under the soil surface, the 20-40 cm deep interflow export system under the soil surface, and the 40-60 cm deep interflow export system under the soil surface are located on the separation plate. The water outlet has only one small hole, which is prone to water stagnation.

[0005] 3. The PYC perforated water permeable plate is placed with gravel filter layer on one side of the interflow outflow, which affects the freeze-thaw test on this device. Because the gravel gap is large, it will affect the effect of thermal insulation cotton.

[0006] 4. The device is a whole structure, and after the soil sample is loaded, the soil type cannot be replaced in layers. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0007] To solve the technical problems of the existing surface runoff and layered interflow test device, such as inability to perform freeze-thaw test, inability to replace soil type in layers, and interflow export system prone to water stagnation, a multifunctional slope runoff and interflow measurement device is provided.

[0008] The utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A multifunctional slope runoff and interflow measurement device, comprising a plurality of box units, the box units are detachably connected together, each box unit comprises a box and a flow guide disc, the box has at least four side plates, except for the topmost box unit, the front side plate of the box of other units is formed with an outflow gap, and the flow guide disc is detachably connected at the outflow gap.

[0010] Preferably, the box is a bottomless and topless cubic shell structure, the box has four side plates, one side for installing the flow guide disc is the front side plate, and the height of the front side plate of the box is lower than that of the other side plates, except for the topmost box unit.

[0011] The height of the front side plate is lower than the other side plates, so that a gap for outflow is formed on the front side plate, and a corresponding gap is formed on the corresponding position of the flow guide disc, and the channel for outflow on the box is designed to be relatively large, so that water stagnation is not caused.

[0012] Further preferably, buckles one are arranged on the left and right side plates of the box near the upper edge, buckles two are arranged on the left and right side plates of the box near the front side plate, and buckles three are arranged on the left and right side plates of the box near the lower edge, the buckles one are connected with the buckles three of the upper box unit, and the upper and lower adjacent box units are connected together, and the flow guide disc is arranged with buckles four near the left and right side plates of the box, and the buckles two of the box are connected with the buckles four of the flow guide disc, so that the flow guide disc is detachably connected on the box.

[0013] Through the buckle type connection, different height of the box can be replaced according to the research depth, the overall height of the device can be changed by increasing or decreasing the number of box units, and different types of soil can be conveniently filled and replaced in layers.

[0014] The flow guide disc is designed to be detachable, so that the device can be used for freeze-thaw test after the flow guide disc is removed.

[0015] Preferably, the height of the front side plate of the topmost box unit is the same as the height of the other side plates of the box.

[0016] Because the top layer front side plate is lower, the surface soil will flow out of the gap without installing a gauze, so the device is designed to lay a gauze in the box below the topmost box unit when in use.

[0017] Preferably, the length of the flow guide disc decreases from top to bottom when viewed from the left / right side of the box, so that a rainwater collecting bottle can be arranged on the outflow side of each flow guide disc.

[0018] Preferably, the installation angle of the flow guide disc of each box unit is 75°, and the outflow effect is good.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model lie in:

[0020] The utility model discloses a buckle type connection, different height of the box can be replaced according to the research depth, the overall height of the device can be changed by increasing or decreasing the number of box units, and different types of soil can be conveniently filled and replaced in layers. The outflow channel with a large area is designed on the front side plate and the flow guide disc, so that water stagnation is not caused. The flow guide disc is designed to be detachable, so that the device can be used for freeze-thaw test after the flow guide disc is removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a deep soil test chamber.

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the flow guide plate connected to the deep soil tank;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deep soil tank at the bottom.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the topmost surface soil tank;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the flow guide plate connected to the topmost housing;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the length design of the guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and technical effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Example

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the device of this utility model includes multiple box units. In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, it includes box unit 1, box unit 2, and box unit 3. Box unit 1 is a surface soil box, and box unit 2 and box unit 3 are deep soil boxes. The number of box units can be increased or decreased according to the research depth.

[0031] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, taking one of the deep soil tanks located between the bottom and top of the housing as an example, the deep soil tank has a bottomless and topless cubic shell structure with four side panels. The side used to install the flow guide plate 4 is the front side panel, which is lower than the other side panels. The left and right side panels have a first latch 5 near the top edge, a second latch 6 near the front side panel, and a third latch 7 near the bottom edge. The first latch 5 is used to connect with the third latch 7 of the upper housing unit, linking the two adjacent housing units together. The flow guide plate 4 has a fourth latch 8 near the left and right side panels. The second latch 6 of the housing connects with the fourth latch 8 of the flow guide plate, allowing the flow guide plate to be detachably connected to the housing.

[0032] like Figure 3As shown, a gap is formed between the front side plate and the left and right side plates of the deep soil box, so a gap 9 is provided in the corresponding position of the flow guide plate.

[0033] As shown, the deep soil box at the bottom of the box is taken as an example to illustrate that, compared with the box shown in Figure 4 Figure 2 As shown, the deep soil box at the bottom of the box is taken as an example to illustrate that, compared with the box shown in

[0034] As shown, the deep soil box at the bottom of the box is taken as an example to illustrate that, compared with the box shown in Figure 5 Figure 2 As shown, the deep soil box at the bottom of the box is taken as an example to illustrate that, compared with the box shown in

[0035] As shown, the deep soil box at the bottom of the box is taken as an example to illustrate that, compared with the box shown in Figure 6

[0036] As shown, the deep soil box at the bottom of the box is taken as an example to illustrate that, compared with the box shown in Figure 7

[0037] The use method of the device is as follows: according to the test requirement, the number of layers of the box is selected, a layer of gauze (about 20 meshes) is laid in the deep soil box before filling the soil sample, so as to prevent the soil from leaking from the gap of the front side plate and the bottom. The soil sample is restored according to the burial depth of the in-situ soil sample, the surface soil box is connected through the buckle after the deep soil box is filled, and the flow guide plate is connected through the buckle after the soil sample is restored. The overall slope is designed by external cushioning or tilting, and after the surface soil sample is simulated by rainfall, the surface runoff and the layered soil runoff will flow out of different flow guide plates.

[0038] During the freeze-thaw experiment, the soil temperature sensor is buried at the set depth during the filling of the soil. After the flow guide plate is removed, the box is wrapped with two layers of 3cm-thick thermal insulation cotton on the whole periphery, the laboratory temperature is controlled to simulate the freeze-thaw cycle. After the freeze-thaw condition reaches the experimental requirement by judging the data transmitted by the sensor, the thermal insulation cotton is removed, and the flow guide plate is installed to simulate the runoff under the frozen soil condition.

[0039] During the experiment, the layered runoff can be obviously seen flowing out of the flow guide plate. Table 1 shows the runoff under the simulated rainfall condition, and the results show that the runoff at the depth of 20cm is the largest, which is consistent with the actual situation. The runoff increases with the increase of the slope and the rainfall, which conforms to the real law.

[0040] Table 1 Runoff process table under rainfall

[0041] ​​​​

[0042] It should be understood that the parts not elaborated in the utility model book all belong to the prior art.

[0043] The above is only a specific implementation method and process of the utility model shown in the drawings, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this, and any person skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and various changes and substitutions can be made to this implementation method without departing from the essential content of the utility model. The scope of the utility model is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional device for measuring slope runoff and interflow, characterized in that, The box unit comprises a box and a flow guide disc, the box has at least four side plates, and a flow outlet notch is formed on the front side plate of the box of each box unit except the topmost box unit. 2.The multifunctional device for measuring slope runoff and interflow according to claim 1, wherein, The box is a cuboid shell structure without a bottom and a top, and has four side plates, one of which is a front side plate for mounting the flow guide disc. 3.The multifunctional device for measuring overland flow and interflow according to claim 2, wherein, The left and right side plates of the box are provided with buckles one near the upper edge, buckles two near the front side plate, and buckles three near the lower edge.

4. The multifunctional device for measuring overland flow and interflow according to claim 2, wherein, The height of the front side plate of the topmost box unit is the same as that of the other side plates of the box.

5. The multifunctional device for measuring overland flow and interflow according to claim 1, wherein, The length of the flow guide disc decreases from top to bottom when viewed from the left / right side of the box.

6. The multifunctional device for measuring overland flow and interflow according to claim 1, wherein, The installation angle of the flow guide disc of each box unit is 75°.

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