Stator structure, motor and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, and discloses a stator structure, a motor and a vehicle, Z support legs distributed along the radial direction of a stator core are arranged in each stator slot, electromotive forces passing through the support legs of different phases in the out-phase slot have a certain phase difference, the phase difference can reflect harmonic waves, and the harmonic waves can be reflected by the motor. And the electromotive force in the two-phase conductor is not superposed due to phase dislocation, so that the high-order harmonic component can be reduced. The two groups of support legs distributed in each out-phase slot are asymmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the stator core, so that the torque pulsation of the motor is reduced, the six-harmonic harmonic of the motor is eliminated, the overall harmonic content of the motor is reduced, and the NVH performance of the motor is effectively improved. The torsion head spans of all the torsion head ends located on the same layer are the same, the torsion head directions are the same, all the torsion head ends are located at the same axial end of the stator iron core, all the free ends of the supporting feet on the same layer are bent in the same direction to form the torsion head ends, subsequent connection of the torsion head ends is facilitated, and manufacturing feasibility and convenience of the stator winding are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a stator structure, a motor, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] NVH is an abbreviation for Noise, Vibration, and Harshness. Vehicle NVH performance is one of the important indicators for evaluating the overall performance of a vehicle, and the NVH performance of the motor is an important factor affecting the vehicle's NVH performance.

[0003] The stator structure includes a stator core and stator windings. The stator core has multiple stator slots arranged at intervals along its circumference, and each stator slot has multiple conductors distributed radially along the stator core. To improve the NVH performance of the motor, existing technology proposes to arrange an even number of conductors in the stator slots, and for stator slots with two-phase conductors, the two-phase conductors are symmetrically distributed in the slots with opposite phases to reduce the harmonic content of the motor.

[0004] In practical applications, it has been found that the effect of applying the above stator structure in reducing harmonics is not significant, and the improvement on the motor's NVH performance is limited. Therefore, existing technology proposes to asymmetrically distribute the two-phase conductors within the out-of-phase slots.

[0005] However, in the existing technology, the stator winding with the two phase conductors in the phase slots being asymmetrically distributed makes the wiring at the twist end inconvenient, resulting in low manufacturing feasibility and low manufacturing convenience. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a stator structure, motor, and vehicle that can significantly reduce the harmonic content of the motor, improve the NVH performance of the motor, and at the same time improve the manufacturing feasibility and convenience of the stator winding.

[0007] To achieve this objective, firstly, the stator structure provided by this utility model includes:

[0008] Stator structure, including:

[0009] A stator core having a plurality of stator slots spaced apart along its circumference;

[0010] The stator winding includes multiple phase windings formed by multiple conductors connected together. Each conductor has two legs respectively arranged in different stator slots and two twist ends connected to the two legs in a one-to-one correspondence. The multiple legs in each stator slot are distributed in Z layers along the radial direction of the stator core, where Z is an even number and Z≥4.

[0011] The stator slots include multiple phase slots. The Z legs distributed in the same phase slot are divided into two groups. The two groups of legs belong to two phase windings respectively. The two groups of legs distributed in any phase slot are asymmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the stator core. All the torsion ends located in the same layer have the same torsion span and the same torsion direction. All the torsion ends are located at the same axial end of the stator core.

[0012] As one feasible technical solution for the above stator structure, the stator winding includes K coil units, where K is an even number greater than or equal to 2, and the K coil units are sequentially nested along the radial direction of the stator core;

[0013] The K coil units include at least one full-pitch coil unit with a pitch equal to the pole pitch, and at least one non-full-pitch coil unit with a pitch not equal to the pole pitch.

[0014] The two legs of any one of the conductors are located in two radially adjacent layers of the stator core.

[0015] As one feasible technical solution for the above stator structure, K=2, and both coil units are non-full-pitch coil units;

[0016] K > 2, at least one non-full-pitch coil unit is provided between two adjacent full-pitch coil units along the radial direction of the stator core, and / or, at least one full-pitch coil unit is provided between two adjacent non-full-pitch coil units along the radial direction of the stator core.

[0017] As one feasible technical solution for the above stator structure, the twisting directions of the two twisting ends of any conductor are opposite;

[0018] In the full-pitch coil unit, the twist span of the two twist ends of any conductor is equal to Q. In the non-full-pitch coil unit, the twist span of one twist end of any conductor is equal to Q, and the twist span of the other twist end is equal to P, and P≠Q.

[0019] In the non-full-pitch coil unit, all the torsion ends with a torsion span equal to Q are located in the same layer of the stator core, and all the torsion ends with a torsion span equal to P are located in the same layer of the stator core.

[0020] As one feasible technical solution for the above stator structure, 2Q = pole pitch, Q - P = 1.

[0021] As one feasible technical solution for the above stator structure, each phase winding includes multiple branch windings arranged in parallel, each branch winding includes K sub-branch windings belonging to different coil units, and each sub-branch winding includes multiple conductors distributed along the circumference of the stator core connected in sequence.

[0022] For the same branch winding, two sub-branch windings that are radially adjacent along the stator core are connected in series by a cross-turn connecting line.

[0023] As one feasible technical solution for the above stator structure, the multiple legs of each phase winding are divided into multiple pole phase groups, and all the legs in any pole phase group are distributed in H stator slots that are sequentially adjacent along the circumference of the stator core.

[0024] For the H stator slots corresponding to the same pole phase group, H is an odd number greater than or equal to 5. The 1st to the (i-1th)th and the (j+1th)th to the Hth stator slots are out-of-phase slots, and the ith to the jth stator slots are in-phase slots. All the legs distributed in the in-phase slots belong to the same phase winding group, 1 < i ≤ j < H, and i and j are both integers and (i+j) / 2 = (H+1) / 2.

[0025] As an implementable technical solution for the above stator structure, for the H stator slots corresponding to the same pole phase group, where H is an odd number greater than or equal to 5, the 1st to mth layers of the (H+1) / 2-Xth stator slot and the (Z-m+1)th to Zth layers of the (H+1) / 2+Xth stator slot are all arranged with the support of the same pole phase group; X = 1, 2, ..., i-1 and X is an integer, 1≤m<Z and is an integer, and m≠Z / 2;

[0026] For any stator slot occupied by any of the pole phase groups, the number of legs belonging to the same pole phase group distributed in the first to (H+1) / 2th stator slots tends to increase.

[0027] Secondly, the motor provided by this utility model includes a rotor structure and a stator structure as described in any of the above-described embodiments, wherein the rotor structure is rotatably disposed inside or outside the stator core.

[0028] Thirdly, the vehicle provided by this utility model includes the aforementioned motor.

[0029] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The stator structure provided by this utility model has Z legs arranged radially along the stator core in each stator slot, where Z is an even number greater than or equal to 4. By arranging legs of different phases in the slots, the electromotive forces passing through the legs of different phases in the slots have a certain phase difference. This phase difference can reflect harmonics. Because the electromotive forces in the two phase conductors are out of phase, they will not superimpose, thus reducing higher-order harmonic components. Simulation experiments were conducted on stator structures with two sets of legs distributed asymmetrically and symmetrically along the radial direction of the stator core in any slot. The influence of harmonic components, fundamental components, and electromotive force amplitude obtained from the experiments were analyzed. It can be found that when the two sets of legs in each slot are distributed asymmetrically along the radial direction of the stator core, the motor torque ripple can be effectively reduced, the sixth harmonic of the motor can be eliminated, the overall harmonic content of the motor can be reduced, and the NVH performance of the motor can be effectively improved. Moreover, all the twisting ends located on the same layer have the same twisting span and the same twisting direction, and all the twisting ends are located at the same axial end of the stator core. By simply bending the free ends of all the supports on the same layer in the same direction to form the twisting ends, the winding process of the stator winding can be simplified, the processing efficiency can be improved, and the connection between the twisting ends located on different layers of the stator core can be facilitated. This improves the manufacturing feasibility and convenience of the stator winding and reduces the processing cost of the stator structure.

[0031] The motor provided by this utility model, including the stator structure described above, can significantly reduce the harmonic content of the motor, improve the NVH performance of the motor, enhance the manufacturing feasibility and convenience of the stator winding, and reduce the processing cost of the motor.

[0032] This utility model provides a vehicle including the aforementioned motor. By adopting a motor with high NVH performance, the NVH performance of the vehicle is improved and the cost is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of each support leg in the stator slot of the U-phase winding of the first phase winding provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 This utility model embodiment provides the distribution of a polar phase group corresponding to a phase band within the stator slot of that phase band;

[0036] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conductor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a radial schematic diagram of the first type of stator winding provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is an axial schematic diagram of the first type of stator winding provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of each conductor of the U-phase winding on the stator core in the first type of stator winding provided by this utility model embodiment;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of each conductor of the U-phase winding on the stator core in the second type of stator winding provided by this utility model embodiment;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of each conductor of the U-phase winding on the stator core in the third type of stator winding provided by this utility model embodiment.

[0042] In the picture:

[0043] 1. First conductor; 2. Second conductor; 3. Third conductor; 4. Fourth conductor; 5. Fifth conductor; 6. Sixth conductor; 7. Seventh conductor; 8. Eighth conductor; 9. Ninth conductor; 10. Fourth conductor; 11. Eleventh conductor; 12. Twelfth conductor; 13. Thirteenth conductor; 14. Fourteenth conductor; 15. Fifteenth conductor; 16. Sixteenth conductor; 17. Seventeenth conductor; 18. Eighteenth conductor;

[0044] 1′, First conductor two; 2′, Second conductor two; 3′, Third conductor two; 4′, Fourth conductor two; 5′, Fifth conductor two; 6′, Sixth conductor two; 7′, Seventh conductor two; 8′, Eighth conductor two; 9′, Ninth conductor two; 10′, Fourth conductor two; 11′, Eleventh conductor two; 12′, Twelfth conductor two; 13′, Thirteenth conductor two; 14′, Fourteenth conductor two; 15′, Fifteenth conductor two; 16′, Sixteenth conductor two; 17′, Seventeenth conductor two; 18′, Eighteenth conductor two;

[0045] 1″, First Conductor Three; 2″, Second Conductor Three; 3″, Third Conductor Three; 4″, Fourth Conductor Three; 5″, Fifth Conductor Three; 6″, Sixth Conductor Three; 7″, Seventh Conductor Three; 8″, Eighth Conductor Three; 9″, Ninth Conductor Three; 10″, Fourth Conductor Three; 11″, Eleventh Conductor Three; 12″, Twelfth Conductor Three; 13″, Thirteenth Conductor Three; 14″, Fourteenth Conductor Three; 15″, Fifteenth Conductor Three; 16″, Sixteenth Conductor Three; 17″, Seventeenth Conductor Three; 18″, Eighteenth Conductor Three;

[0046] 100. Stator core; 110. Stator slot; 200. Stator winding; 210. U-phase winding; 220. Conductor; 221. Twist end; 222. Support leg; 230. Outermost coil unit; 240. Innermost coil unit; 250. Intermediate coil unit; 260. Cross-coil connecting wire. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0048] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0050] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of this utility model provides a stator structure and a motor. The motor includes a stator structure and a rotor structure. The stator structure includes a stator core 100 and a stator winding 200. The stator core 100 is a cylindrical structure with a central through hole. The rotor structure is rotatably inserted through the central through hole, and an air gap is formed between the rotor structure and the inner peripheral wall of the central through hole. Due to errors in the processing and assembly of motor components, the rotor structure and the stator core 100 are not completely fitted together, thus forming an air gap. This air gap generates appropriate friction during motor operation, effectively promoting motor start-up and operation. Furthermore, the air gap prevents direct contact between the rotor structure and the stator core 100, thereby reducing friction, wear, and noise. In other embodiments, the rotor structure can be rotatably disposed outside the stator core 100.

[0052] The stator core 100 has a plurality of stator slots 110 arranged at intervals along its circumference. Specifically, the stator slots 110 are disposed on the inner circumferential wall of the central through hole. The plurality of stator slots 110 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the stator core 100 and are arranged to extend through the axial direction of the stator core 100. A tooth is formed between two adjacent stator slots 110. It should be noted that the stator core 100 can be formed by stacking a plurality of annular magnetic steel plates along the axial direction of the stator core 100, or by connecting a plurality of stator cores 100 in sections along the circumference of the stator core 100 in sequence. No further specific limitation is given here.

[0053] The stator winding 200 includes multiple phase windings formed by connecting multiple conductors 220. For example, the stator winding 200 is mounted on the stator core 100 to form three phase windings: a U-phase winding 210, a W-phase winding, and a V-phase winding. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 The three colors shown each represent one phase winding, and a motor using three phase windings is a three-phase motor. The solution of this utility model embodiment is not limited to three-phase motors; it can also be applied to five-phase motors or six-phase motors, etc. The motor type can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor, an asynchronous motor, or a switched reluctance motor, etc., and is not specifically limited here.

[0054] Each phase winding has two terminals, one as the input terminal and the other as the output terminal. Taking the U-phase winding 210 as an example, the two terminals are the U-phase input terminal and the U-phase output terminal, respectively. It should be noted that the three phase windings can be connected in a star configuration to form the stator winding 200, or they can be connected in a delta configuration to form the stator winding 200. This embodiment does not specify the connection method of the three phase windings.

[0055] The conductor 220 has two legs 222 respectively arranged in different stator slots 110. Multiple legs 222 in each stator slot 110 are distributed in Z layers along the radial direction of the stator core 100, where Z is an even number and Z≥4. It should be noted that Z can be selected from 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, etc., and is not specifically limited here. For example, Z=8.

[0056] It should be noted that, regarding the number of layers of the support 222 distributed in the stator slot 110, the first layer can be either the layer closest to the central axis of the central through hole or the layer furthest from the central axis of the central through hole. The following example uses the first layer as the layer furthest from the central axis of the central through hole; correspondingly, the Zth layer is the layer closest to the central axis of the central through hole.

[0057] The multiple stator slots 110 include multiple in-phase slots and multiple out-of-phase slots. The Z legs 222 distributed in the in-phase slots belong to the same phase winding. The Z legs 222 distributed in the out-of-phase slots are divided into two groups, and the two groups of legs 222 belong to two phase windings respectively. That is, two phase legs 222 are distributed in the out-of-phase slots. For example, a group of U-phase legs 222 and a group of V-phase legs 222 are distributed in the same out-of-phase slot, or a group of U-phase legs 222 and a group of W-phase legs 222 are distributed in the same out-of-phase slot, or a group of W-phase legs 222 and a group of V-phase legs 222 are distributed in the same out-of-phase slot.

[0058] For example, the conductor 220 is a flat wire, and correspondingly, the motor with a stator winding 200 made using the flat wire is a flat wire motor. Compared with the round wire motor in the prior art where the conductor 220 is a round wire, the cross-section of the flat wire is rectangular, which makes fuller use of the space in the stator slot 110, resulting in a higher slot fill factor. Moreover, the flat wire motor has higher operating efficiency, smaller size, lower cost, and higher power density.

[0059] To improve the NVH performance of motors, existing technologies propose symmetrically distributing two sets of support legs 222 within the different phase slots. However, in practical applications, it has been found that while this arrangement can reduce motor harmonics to some extent, the harmonic reduction effect is not significant, and the improvement in NVH performance is limited.

[0060] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention propose that the two sets of support legs 222 distributed in any phase slot are asymmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the stator core 100.

[0061] When the stator structure with the above configuration is applied to a motor, for an even motor with Z ≥ 4, the electromotive force passing through the legs 222 of different phases in the out-of-phase slot has a certain phase difference. This phase difference can reflect the harmonics. Since the electromotive force in the two-phase conductors 220 will not be superimposed due to the phase difference, it can reduce the high-order harmonic components.

[0062] Simulation tests were conducted on stator structures with two sets of supports 222 distributed asymmetrically and symmetrically along the radial direction of the stator core 100 in any out-of-phase slot. The influence of harmonic components, fundamental components, and electromotive force amplitude obtained from the tests were analyzed. It can be found that when the two sets of supports 222 distributed asymmetrically along the radial direction of the stator core 100 in each out-of-phase slot, the motor torque pulsation can be effectively reduced, the sixth harmonic of the motor can be eliminated, the overall harmonic content of the motor can be reduced, and the NVH performance of the motor can be effectively improved.

[0063] In some embodiments, among the multiple supports 222 distributed in the same non-phase slot, the supports 222 belonging to one phase winding are distributed from layer 1 to layer m, and the supports 222 belonging to another phase winding are distributed from layer m+1 to layer Z, where m ≠ Z / 2 and 1 ≤ m < Z and are integers. This arrangement results in different numbers of the two sets of supports 222 for different phases distributed in each non-phase slot, thus making the two sets of supports 222 in each non-phase slot asymmetrically distributed radially along the stator core 100. Analysis of simulation results shows that when the two sets of supports 222 in the non-phase slot are arranged in the above manner, the effect of eliminating the sixth harmonic of the motor is more significant, which is more conducive to improving the NVH performance of the motor.

[0064] For example, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, taking the number of layers Z=8, the number of magnetic poles P=6, and the number of slots S=54 as an example, the number of magnetic poles and the number of pole pairs of the motor have the same meaning. Magnetic poles are divided into S poles and N poles. One S pole and one N pole are called a pair of magnetic poles. The number of magnetic poles is 8, which means that the motor has 8 pairs of magnetic poles. Generally speaking, the more magnetic poles there are, the greater the output power of the motor.

[0065] Each conductor 220 of each pole and phase has a stator slot 110 arranged as a phase band. Within a phase band, five stator slots 110 are arranged sequentially adjacent to each other along the circumference of the stator core 100. For any stator slot 110 within a phase band, the stator slots 110 on either side of the middle stator slot 110 are out-of-phase slots. The number of different out-of-phase slots corresponds to different values ​​of m. The number of the two sets of supports 222 arranged within each out-of-phase slot are five and three, respectively. Figure 2The diagram shows five stator slots 110 arranged within a phase band. The leftmost slot is designated as the first stator slot 110. For the first stator slot 110, the support legs 222 arranged from the 1st to the 5th layers belong to one phase winding, and the support legs 222 arranged from the 6th to the 8th layers belong to another phase winding. For the second stator slot 110, the 1st to the 3rd layers belong to one phase winding, and the support legs 222 arranged from the 4th to the 8th layers belong to another phase winding. For the fourth stator slot 110, the support legs 222 arranged from the 1st to the 5th layers belong to one phase winding, and the support legs 222 arranged from the 6th to the 8th layers belong to another phase winding. For the fifth stator slot 110, the 1st to the 3rd layers belong to one phase winding, and the support legs 222 arranged from the 4th to the 8th layers belong to another phase winding.

[0066] It should be noted that for an 8-layer stator, the two sets of different phase supports 222 arranged within the stator can be 2 and 6, or 1 and 7, as long as the number of different phase supports 222 arranged within the stator is different. In other embodiments, for a 6-layer stator structure, one phase band spans 5 slots, and the supports 222 of one phase in each slot of one phase band occupy the 1st layer, layers 1 to 5, layers 1 to 6, layers 2 to 6, and layer 6, respectively. For a 4-layer stator structure, one phase band spans 5 slots, and the supports of one phase in each slot of one phase band occupy the 1st layer, layers 1 to 3, layers 1 to 4, layers 2 to 4, and layer 4, respectively.

[0067] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multiple legs 222 of each phase winding are divided into multiple pole phase groups. All legs 222 in any pole phase group are distributed in H stator slots 110 that are sequentially adjacent along the circumference of the stator core 100. For the H stator slots 110 corresponding to the same pole phase group, H is an odd number greater than or equal to 5. The 1st to the (i-1th)th and the (j+1th)th to the Hth stator slots 110 are out-of-phase slots, and the ith to the jth stator slots 110 are in-phase slots. All legs 222 distributed in the in-phase slots belong to the same phase winding, 1 < i ≤ j < H, and i and j are both integers and (i+j) / 2 = (H+1) / 2.

[0068] like Figure 2 The phase band shown has i = j = 3 and H = 5. The first and second stator slots 110, the fourth and fifth stator slots 110 are out-of-phase slots, and the third stator slot 110 is a in-phase slot.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, for the H stator slots 110 corresponding to the same pole phase group, H is an odd number greater than or equal to 5. The first to the mth layers of the (H+1) / 2-Xth stator slot 110 and the (Z-m+1)th to the Zth layers of the (H+1) / 2+Xth stator slot 110 are all arranged with the same pole phase group's support feet 222; X = 1, 2, ..., i-1 and X is an integer, 1≤m<Z and is an integer, and m≠Z / 2.

[0070] like Figure 2 The phase band shown has X=1 corresponding to the second and fourth stator slots 110, and X=2 corresponding to the first and fifth stator slots 110. The supports 222 of a pole phase group are respectively arranged in layers 6 to 8 of the first stator slot 110, layers 4 to 8 of the second stator slot 110, layers 1 to 8 of the third stator slot 110, layers 1 to 5 of the fourth stator slot 110, and layers 1 to 3 of the fifth stator slot 110.

[0071] In some embodiments, for any stator slot 110 occupied by any pole phase group, the number of legs 222 belonging to the same pole phase group distributed in the first to (H+1) / 2nd stator slots 110 tends to increase.

[0072] like Figure 2 As shown, the arrangement of multiple supports 222 in the corresponding phase band of a pole phase group is as follows: the number of supports 222 distributed in the first to third stator slots 110 is three, five and eight respectively, that is, the number of supports 222 distributed in the first to third stator slots 110 gradually increases; correspondingly, the number of supports 222 distributed in the fourth to fifth stator slots 110 is eight, five and three respectively, that is, the number of supports 222 distributed in the fourth to fifth stator slots 110 gradually decreases.

[0073] In other embodiments, for example, when 10 supports 222 are distributed in the stator slot 110, the arrangement of the multiple supports 222 of a pole phase group in the corresponding phase band can also be as follows: the number of supports 222 distributed in the first to third stator slots 110 is three, seven and ten respectively, that is, the number of supports 222 distributed in the first to third stator slots 110 gradually increases; correspondingly, the number of supports 222 distributed in the fourth to fifth stator slots 110 is ten, seven and three respectively, that is, the number of supports 222 distributed in the fourth to fifth stator slots 110 gradually decreases.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, each conductor 220 also includes two twisted ends 221 that are connected one-to-one with the two legs 222. Exemplarily, the two legs 222 of each conductor 220 are located between the two twisted ends 221 along the circumference of the stator core 100.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figures 4 to 5 As shown, all the twist ends 221 located in the same layer have the same twist span and the same twist direction, and all the twist ends 221 are located at the same axial end of the stator core 100. Simply insert both legs 222 of any conductor 220 into the corresponding stator slot 110 from the same axial end of the stator core 100, and then bend the free ends of the legs 222 in the same direction to form the twist ends 221, simplifying the winding process of the stator winding 200. Furthermore, since all the twist ends 221 are located at the same axial end of the stator core 100, it is convenient to connect the twist ends located in different layers of the stator core after winding, simplifying the connection process between the twist ends and improving the manufacturing feasibility and convenience of the stator winding.

[0076] It should be noted that the twisting span refers to the number of slots spanned along the circumference of the stator core 100 from one end of the twisting end 221 to the other end of the support leg 222.

[0077] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the stator winding 200 includes K coil units, where K is an even number greater than or equal to 2. The K coil units are sequentially nested along the radial direction of the stator core 100, i.e., the K coil units are arranged concentrically. The K coil units include at least one full-pitch coil unit with a pitch equal to the pole pitch, and at least one non-full-pitch coil unit with a pitch not equal to the pole pitch. This arrangement allows the two sets of supports 222 distributed in any out-of-phase slot to be asymmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the stator core 100.

[0078] In some embodiments, along the direction from the outermost coil unit 230 to the innermost coil unit 240, the K coil units are respectively denoted as the first coil unit, the second coil unit, ..., the Kth coil unit. The two legs 222 of each conductor 220 of the xth coil unit are located in the 2x-1th layer and the 2xth layer, respectively, where x = 1, 2, ..., K. Specifically, the two legs 222 of each conductor 220 are located in two radially adjacent layers of the stator core 100.

[0079] Taking K=4 as an example, in the first coil unit, the two legs 222 of any conductor 220 are distributed in the first layer and the second layer, respectively. Figure 6 In the first layer, conductor 220 is represented by a solid line, and in the second layer, conductor 220 is represented by a dashed line; in the second coil unit, the two legs 222 of any conductor 220 are distributed in the third and fourth layers respectively. Figure 6 The conductor 220 in the third layer is represented by a solid line, and the conductor 220 in the fourth layer is represented by a dashed line; the two legs 222 of any conductor 220 in the third coil unit are distributed in the fifth and sixth layers respectively. Figure 6The conductor 220 in the 5th layer is represented by a solid line, and the conductor 220 in the 6th layer is represented by a dashed line; the two legs 222 of any conductor 220 in the fourth coil unit are distributed in the 6th and 7th layers respectively. Figure 6 The conductor 220 in the 7th layer is represented as a solid line and the conductor 220 in the 8th layer is represented as a dashed line.

[0080] like Figures 6 to 8 In the three embodiments shown, at least one non-full-pitch coil unit is provided between two radially adjacent full-pitch coil units of the stator core 100, and at least one full-pitch coil unit is provided between two radially adjacent non-full-pitch coil units of the stator core 100, so that the two sets of supports 222 distributed in the out-of-phase slots can be asymmetrically distributed radially along the stator core 100. In other embodiments, K can also be equal to 2, in which case both coil units are non-full-pitch coil units; K can also be equal to 3, in which case the three coil units can be two full-pitch coil units and one non-full-pitch coil unit, or two non-full-pitch coil units and one full-pitch coil unit.

[0081] exist Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, two non-full-pitch coil units are arranged between two adjacent full-pitch coil units along the radial direction of the stator core 100. Taking K=4 as an example, the four coil units include the outermost coil unit 230 located on the outermost side of the stator core 100 in the radial direction, the innermost coil unit 240 located on the innermost side of the stator core 100 in the radial direction, and two intermediate coil units 250 located between the outermost coil unit 230 and the innermost coil unit 240 along the radial direction of the stator core 100; wherein, the outermost coil unit 230 is a full-pitch coil unit with a pitch equal to the pole pitch, the innermost coil unit 240 is a full-pitch coil unit with a pitch equal to the pole pitch, and the two intermediate coil units 250 are both non-full-pitch coil units with a pitch not equal to the pole pitch.

[0082] For example, such as Figures 4 to 6 As shown, taking an example with Z=8 layers, P=6 poles, S=54 slots, and K=4, the number of slots in stator winding 200 equals the pole pitch multiplied by the number of poles. Therefore, the pole pitch of stator winding 200 is equal to 9. Each coil unit includes three phase coils: the U-phase coil, the V-phase coil, and the W-phase coil. The three phase coils are wound in the same direction, and any two phase coils are arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner along the circumference of the stator core 100. Figure 6 The diagram illustrates the distribution of multiple conductors 220 of the U-phase winding 210 on the stator core 100, that is, the distribution of multiple conductors 220 of the U-phase coil in the four coil units on the stator core 100.

[0083] It should be noted that, for ease of understanding in conjunction with the diagrams, [the following text is missing]. Figure 3The span between the two legs 222 of the conductor 220 shown is denoted as A. The span refers to the number of slots that the two legs 222 of the conductor 220 span along the circumference of the stator core 100.

[0084] like Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the U-phase coil of the outermost coil unit 230 is composed of four types of conductors 220: a first conductor-1, a second conductor-2, a third conductor-3, and a fourth conductor-4. The span A between the two legs 222 of the first conductor-1 is 7, the span A between the two legs 222 of the second conductor-2 is 10, the span A between the two legs 222 of the third conductor-3 is 9, and the span A between the two legs 222 of the fourth conductor-4 is 9. The U-phase coil of the outermost coil unit 230 is divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 6 As shown, in the first group of conductors 220 from the left, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor-3, the third conductor-3, and the fourth conductor-4, with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. In the second group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor-3, the third conductor-3, and the fourth conductor-4, with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. In the third group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the second conductor-2, the second conductor-2, and the first conductor-1, with leg spans A of 10, 1, and 1 respectively. In the fourth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the second conductor-2, the second conductor-2, and the first conductor-1, with span distances A of 10, 10, and 7 respectively. In the fifth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor-3, the third conductor-3, and the third conductor-3, with span distances A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. In the sixth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor-3, the third conductor-3, and the third conductor-3, with span distances A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The average sum of the span distances A of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coil of the outermost coil unit 230 is 9, that is, the pitch of the outermost coil unit 230 is 9. Therefore, the pitch of the outermost coil unit 230 = pole pitch = 9, and the outermost coil unit 230 is a full-pitch coil unit.

[0085] The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are composed of four types of conductors 220, denoted as fifth conductor-5, sixth conductor-6, seventh conductor-7, and eighth conductor-8, respectively. The span A between the two legs 222 of the fifth conductor-5 is 8, the span A between the two legs 222 of the sixth conductor-6 is 11, the span A between the two legs 222 of the seventh conductor-7 is 10, and the span A between the two legs 222 of the eighth conductor-8 is 10. The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 6 As shown, in the first group of conductors 220 from the left, the three conductors 220 are the seventh conductor-7, the seventh conductor-7, and the eighth conductor-8, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. In the second group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the seventh conductor-7, the seventh conductor-7, and the eighth conductor-8, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. In the third group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the sixth conductor-6, the sixth conductor-6, and the fifth conductor-5, with leg spans A of 11, 1, and 1 respectively. 1 and 8, the three conductors 220 in the fourth group of conductors 220 are the sixth conductor-6, the sixth conductor-6 and the fifth conductor-5, with leg spans A of 11, 11 and 8 respectively; the three conductors 220 in the fifth group of conductors 220 are the seventh conductor-7, the seventh conductor-7 and the seventh conductor-7, with leg spans A of 10, 10 and 10 respectively; the three conductors 220 in the sixth group of conductors 220 are the seventh conductor-7, the seventh conductor-7 and the seventh conductor-7, with leg spans A of 10, 10 and 10 respectively. The average value of the sum of the spans of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers is 10, that is, the pitch of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers is 10. Therefore, the pitch of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers is 10 > the pole pitch is 9. The intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are non-integer pitch coil units and long pitch coil units.

[0086] The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers are composed of five types of conductors 220, designated as conductor 9-9, conductor 10-10, conductor 11-11, conductor 12-12, and conductor 13-13. Specifically, the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 9-9 is 11; the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 10-10 is 11; the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 11-11 is 8; the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 12-12 is 10; and the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 13 is 10. The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the three conductors 220 in the first group from the left are conductor 12-12, conductor 13-13, and conductor 12-12, with spans of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the second group are conductor 12-12, conductor 13-13, and conductor 12-12, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the third group are conductor 10-10, conductor 9-9, and conductor 11-11, with leg spans A of 11, 11, and 11 respectively. 8. In the fourth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the tenth conductor-10, the ninth conductor-9, and the eleventh conductor-11, with leg spans A of 11, 11, and 8 respectively. In the fifth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the twelfth conductor-12, the twelfth conductor-12, and the twelfth conductor-12, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. In the sixth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the twelfth conductor-12, the twelfth conductor-12, and the twelfth conductor-12, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. The average value of the sum of the span A of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coil of the intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is 10, that is, the pitch of the intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is 10. Therefore, the pitch of the intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is 10 > the pole pitch is 9. The intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is a non-full pitch coil unit and a long pitch coil unit.

[0087] The U-phase coil of the innermost coil unit 240 is composed of five types of conductors 220, designated as conductor-14, conductor-15, conductor-16, conductor-17, and conductor-18. Specifically, the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor-14 is 10, the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor-15 is 10, the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor-16 is 7, the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor-17 is 9, and the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor-18 is 9. The U-phase coil of the innermost coil unit 240 is divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the three conductors 220 in the first group from the left are conductor-18, conductor-17, and conductor-17, with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the second group are conductor-18, conductor-17, and conductor-17, with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the third group are conductor-14, conductor-15, and conductor-16, with leg spans A of 10, 1... For conductors 0 and 7, the three conductors 220 in the fourth group are conductor-14, conductor-15, and conductor-16, with span distances A of 10, 10, and 7 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the fifth group are conductor-17, conductor-17, and conductor-17, with span distances A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the sixth group are conductor-17, conductor-17, and conductor-17, with span distances A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The average sum of the span distances A of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coil of the innermost coil unit 240 is 9, meaning the pitch of the innermost coil unit 240 is 9. Therefore, the pitch of the innermost coil unit 240 = pole pitch = 9, and the innermost coil unit 240 is a full-pitch coil unit.

[0088] exist Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, a non-full-pitch coil unit is disposed between two radially adjacent full-pitch coil units along the stator core 100, and a full-pitch coil unit is disposed between two radially adjacent non-full-pitch coil units along the stator core 100. In other words, full-pitch coil units and non-full-pitch coil units are alternately disposed along the radial direction of the stator core 100. Taking K=4 as an example, the outermost coil unit 230 and the intermediate coil unit 250 adjacent to the innermost coil unit 240 are non-full-pitch coil units, while the innermost coil unit 240 and the intermediate coil unit 250 adjacent to the outermost coil unit 230 are full-pitch coil units.

[0089] like Figure 7 As shown, the U-phase coil of the outermost coil unit 230 is composed of four types of conductors 220: first conductor 1', second conductor 2', third conductor 3', and fourth conductor 4'. The span A between the two legs 222 of the first conductor 1' is 8, the span A between the two legs 222 of the second conductor 2' is 11, the span A between the two legs 222 of the third conductor 3' is 10, and the span A between the two legs 222 of the fourth conductor 4' is 10. The U-phase coil of the outermost coil unit 230 is divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, as shown... Figure 7 As shown, in the first group of conductors 220 from the left, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor 2 (3′), the third conductor 2 (3′), and the fourth conductor 2 (4′), with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. In the second group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor 2 (3′), the third conductor 2 (3′), and the fourth conductor 2 (4′), with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. In the third group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the second conductor 2 (2′), the second conductor 2 (2′), and the first conductor 2 (1′), with leg spans A of 11, 1, and 1 respectively. In conductors 1 and 8, the three conductors 220 in the fourth group are the second conductor 2', the second conductor 2', and the first conductor 1', with spans A of 11, 11, and 8 respectively. In the fifth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor 2', the third conductor 2', and the third conductor 2', with spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. In the sixth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor 2', the third conductor 2', and the third conductor 2', with spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. The average sum of the spans A of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coil of the outermost coil unit 230 is 10, meaning the pitch of the outermost coil unit 230 is 10. Therefore, the pitch of the outermost coil unit 230 = 10 > the pole pitch = 9, and the outermost coil unit 230 is a non-integer pitch coil unit and a long pitch coil unit.

[0090] The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are composed of four types of conductors 220, denoted as fifth conductor 25', sixth conductor 26', seventh conductor 27', and eighth conductor 28'. The span A between the two legs 222 of fifth conductor 25' is 7, the span A between the two legs 222 of sixth conductor 26' is 10, the span A between the two legs 222 of seventh conductor 27' is 9, and the span A between the two legs 222 of eighth conductor 28' is 9. The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 7 As shown, in the first group of conductors 220 from the left, the three conductors 220 are the seventh conductor 2 (7′), the seventh conductor 2 (7′), and the eighth conductor 2 (8′), with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. In the second group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the seventh conductor 2 (7′), the seventh conductor 2 (7′), and the eighth conductor 2 (8′), with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. In the third group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the sixth conductor 2 (6′), the sixth conductor 2 (6′), and the fifth conductor 2 (5′), with leg spans A of 10, 1, and 1 respectively. For conductors 0 and 7, the three conductors 220 in the fourth group of conductors 220 are the sixth conductor 2 (6′), the sixth conductor 2 (6′), and the fifth conductor 2 (5′), with span distances A of 10, 10, and 7 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the fifth group of conductors 220 are the seventh conductor 2 (7′), the seventh conductor 2 (7′), and the seventh conductor 2 (7′), with span distances A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the sixth group of conductors 220 are the seventh conductor 2 (7′), the seventh conductor 2 (7′), and the seventh conductor 2 (7′), with span distances A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The average sum of the spans of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the third and fourth layers is 9, meaning the pitch of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the third and fourth layers is 9. Therefore, the pitch of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the third and fourth layers equals the pole pitch equals 9, and the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the third and fourth layers are full-pitch coil units.

[0091] The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers are composed of five types of conductors 220, designated as Ninth Conductor 2 9′, Tenth Conductor 2 10′, Eleventh Conductor 2 11′, Twelfth Conductor 2 12′, and Thirteenth Conductor 2 13′. The span A between the two legs 222 of Ninth Conductor 2 9′ is 11; the span A between the two legs 222 of Tenth Conductor 2 10′ is 11; the span A between the two legs 222 of Eleventh Conductor 2 11′ is 8; the span A between the two legs 222 of Twelfth Conductor 2 12′ is 10; and the span A between the two legs 222 of Thirteenth Conductor 2 13′ is 10. The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 7As shown, the three conductors 220 in the first group from the left are the twelfth conductor 2 12′, the thirteenth conductor 2 13′, and the twelfth conductor 2 12′, with spans of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the second group are the twelfth conductor 2 12′, the thirteenth conductor 2 13′, and the twelfth conductor 2 12′, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the third group are the tenth conductor 2 10′, the ninth conductor 2 9′, and the eleventh conductor 2 11′, with leg spans A of 11, 11, and 11 respectively. 8. In the fourth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the tenth conductor 2 10′, the ninth conductor 2 9′ and the eleventh conductor 2 11′, with leg spans A of 11, 11 and 8 respectively. In the fifth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the twelfth conductor 2 12′, the twelfth conductor 2 12′ and the twelfth conductor 2 12′, with leg spans A of 10, 10 and 10 respectively. In the sixth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the twelfth conductor 2 12′, the twelfth conductor 2 12′ and the twelfth conductor 2 12′, with leg spans A of 10, 10 and 10 respectively. The average value of the sum of the span A of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coil of the intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is 10, that is, the pitch of the intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is 10. Therefore, the pitch of the intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is 10 > the pole pitch is 9. The intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is a full-pitch coil unit and a long-pitch coil unit.

[0092] The U-phase coil of the innermost coil unit 240 is composed of five types of conductors 220, designated as conductor 14′, conductor 15′, conductor 16′, conductor 17′, and conductor 18′. The span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 14′ is 10, the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 15′ is 10, the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 16′ is 7, the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 17′ is 9, and the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 18′ is 9. The U-phase coil of the innermost coil unit 240 is divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 7As shown, the three conductors 220 in the first group from the left are conductor 18', conductor 17', and conductor 17', with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the second group are conductor 18', conductor 17', and conductor 17', with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the third group are conductor 14', conductor 15', and conductor 16', with leg spans A of 10, 1... For conductors 0 and 7, the three conductors 220 in the fourth group of conductors 220 are the fourteenth conductor 2 (14′), the fifteenth conductor 2 (15′), and the sixteenth conductor 2 (16′), with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 7 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the fifth group of conductors 220 are the seventeenth conductor 2 (17′), the seventeenth conductor 2 (17′), and the seventeenth conductor 2 (17′), with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the sixth group of conductors 220 are the seventeenth conductor 2 (17′), the seventeenth conductor 2 (17′), and the seventeenth conductor 2 (17′), with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The average sum of the leg spans A of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coil of the innermost coil unit 240 is 9, meaning the pitch of the innermost coil unit 240 is 9. Therefore, the pitch of the innermost coil unit 240 = pole pitch = 9, and the innermost coil unit 240 is a full-pitch coil unit.

[0093] exist Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, two full-pitch coil units are arranged between two adjacent non-full-pitch coil units along the radial direction of the stator core 100. Taking K=4 as an example, the outermost coil unit 230 and the innermost coil unit 240 are non-full-pitch coil units, and the two intermediate coil units 250 are full-pitch coil units.

[0094] like Figure 8 As shown, the U-phase coil of the outermost coil unit 230 is composed of four types of conductors 220: first conductor 31″, second conductor 32″, third conductor 33″, and fourth conductor 34″. The span A between the two legs 222 of the first conductor 31″ is 8, the span A between the two legs 222 of the second conductor 32″ is 11, the span A between the two legs 222 of the third conductor 32″ is 10, and the span A between the two legs 222 of the fourth conductor 34″ is 10. The U-phase coil of the outermost coil unit 230 is divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, as shown... Figure 8As shown, in the first group of conductors 220 from the left, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor 3″, the third conductor 3″, and the fourth conductor 4″, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. In the second group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor 3″, the third conductor 3″, and the fourth conductor 4″, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. In the third group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the second conductor 2″, the second conductor 2″, and the first conductor 1″, with leg spans A of 11, 1, and 1 respectively. In conductors 1 and 8, the three conductors 220 in the fourth group of conductors 220 are the second conductor 3 2″, the second conductor 3 2″, and the first conductor 3 1″, with leg spans A of 11, 11, and 8 respectively. In the fifth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor 3″, the third conductor 3″, and the third conductor 3″, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. In the sixth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the third conductor 3″, the third conductor 3″, and the third conductor 3″, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10 respectively. The average sum of the leg spans A of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coil of the outermost coil unit 230 is 10, that is, the pitch of the outermost coil unit 230 is 10. Therefore, the pitch of the outermost coil unit 230 = 10 > the pole pitch = 9. The outermost coil unit 230 is a non-integer pitch coil unit and a long pitch coil unit.

[0095] The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are composed of four types of conductors 220, denoted as fifth conductor 3 5″, sixth conductor 3 6″, seventh conductor 3 7″, and eighth conductor 3 8″. The span A between the two legs 222 of the fifth conductor 3 5″ is 7; the span A between the two legs 222 of the sixth conductor 3 6″ is 10; the span A between the two legs 222 of the seventh conductor 3 7″ is 9; and the span A between the two legs 222 of the eighth conductor 3 8″ is 9. The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 8As shown, in the first group of conductors 220 from the left, the three conductors 220 are the seventh conductor 3 7″, the seventh conductor 3 7″, and the eighth conductor 3 8″, with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. In the second group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the seventh conductor 3 7″, the seventh conductor 3 7″, and the eighth conductor 3 8″, with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. In the third group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the sixth conductor 3 6″, the sixth conductor 3 6″, and the fifth conductor 3 5″, with leg spans A of 10, 1, and 1 respectively. For conductors 0 and 7, the three conductors 220 in the fourth group of conductors 220 are the sixth conductor 3 6″, the sixth conductor 3 6″, and the fifth conductor 3 5″, with span distances A of 10, 10, and 7 respectively. For conductors 5, the three conductors 220 are the seventh conductor 3 7″, the seventh conductor 3 7″, and the seventh conductor 3 7″, with span distances A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. For conductors 6, the three conductors 220 are the seventh conductor 3 7″, the seventh conductor 3 7″, and the seventh conductor 3 7″, with span distances A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The average value of the sum of the spans of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the third and fourth layers is 9, that is, the pitch of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the third and fourth layers is 9. Therefore, the pitch of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the third and fourth layers = pole pitch = 9, and the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the third and fourth layers are full-pitch coil units.

[0096] The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers are composed of five types of conductors 220, denoted as Ninth Conductor 3 9″, Tenth Conductor 3 10″, Eleventh Conductor 3 11″, Twelfth Conductor 3 12″, and Thirteenth Conductor 3 13″. The span A between the two legs 222 of Ninth Conductor 3 9″ is 10, the span A between the two legs 222 of Tenth Conductor 3 10″ is 10, the span A between the two legs 222 of Eleventh Conductor 3 11″ is 7, the span A between the two legs 222 of Twelfth Conductor 3 12″ is 9, and the span A between the two legs 222 of Thirteenth Conductor 3 13″ is 9. The U-phase coils of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers are divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 8As shown, the three conductors 220 in the first group from the left are the twelfth conductor 3 12″, the thirteenth conductor 3 13″, and the twelfth conductor 3 12″, with spans of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the second group are the twelfth conductor 3 12″, the thirteenth conductor 3 13″, and the twelfth conductor 3 12″, with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The three conductors 220 in the third group are the tenth conductor 3 10″, the ninth conductor 3 9″, and the eleventh conductor 3 11″, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 11 respectively. 7. In the fourth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the tenth conductor 3 10″, the ninth conductor 3 9″, and the eleventh conductor 3 11″, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 7 respectively. In the fifth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the twelfth conductor 3 12″, the twelfth conductor 3 12″, and the twelfth conductor 3 12″, with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. In the sixth group of conductors 220, the three conductors 220 are the twelfth conductor 3 12″, the twelfth conductor 3 12″, and the twelfth conductor 3 12″, with leg spans A of 9, 9, and 9 respectively. The average value of the sum of the span A of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coil of the intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is 9, that is, the pitch of the intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is 9. Therefore, the pitch of the intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is equal to the pole pitch and is 9. The intermediate coil unit 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers is a full-pitch coil unit.

[0097] The U-phase coil of the innermost coil unit 240 is composed of five types of conductors 220, designated as conductor 14 (three 14", 15 (three 15″), 16 (three 16″), 17 (three 17″), and 18 (three 18″). The span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 14 (three 14″) is 11; the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 15 (three 15″) is 11; the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 16 (three 16″) is 8; the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 17 (three 17″) is 10; and the span A between the two legs 222 of conductor 18 (three 18″) is 10. The U-phase coil of the innermost coil unit 240 is divided into six groups of conductors 220, each group having three conductors 220, such as... Figure 8As shown, the three conductors 220 in the first group from the left are conductor 18″, conductor 17″, and conductor 17″, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10, respectively. The three conductors 220 in the second group are conductor 18″, conductor 17″, and conductor 17″, with leg spans A of 10, 10, and 10, respectively. The three conductors 220 in the third group are conductor 14″, conductor 15″, and conductor 16″, with leg spans A of 11, 1... 1 and 8, the three conductors 220 in the fourth group are the fourteenth conductor 3 14″, the fifteenth conductor 3 15″ and the sixteenth conductor 3 16″, with leg spans A of 11, 11 and 8 respectively; the three conductors 220 in the fifth group are the seventeenth conductor 3 17″, the seventeenth conductor 3 17″ and the seventeenth conductor 3 17″, with leg spans A of 10, 10 and 10 respectively; the three conductors 220 in the sixth group are the seventeenth conductor 3 17″, the seventeenth conductor 3 17″ and the seventeenth conductor 3 17″, with leg spans A of 10, 10 and 10 respectively. The average value of the sum of the spans A of any group of conductors 220 in the U-phase coil of the innermost coil unit 240 is 10, that is, the pitch of the innermost coil unit 240 is 10. Therefore, the pitch of the innermost coil unit 240 = 10 > the pole pitch = 9. The innermost coil unit 240 is a non-full pitch coil unit and a long pitch coil unit.

[0098] To ensure that the twisting span and twisting direction of each twisting end 221 located in the same layer are the same, in some embodiments, the twisting directions of the two twisting ends 221 of any conductor 220 are opposite; the twisting span of the two twisting ends 221 of any conductor 220 in the full-pitch coil unit is equal to Q; in the non-full-pitch coil unit, the twisting span of one twisting end 221 of any conductor 220 is equal to Q, and the twisting span of the other twisting end 221 is equal to P, and P≠Q; in the non-full-pitch coil unit, all twisting ends 221 with a twisting span equal to Q are located in the same layer of the stator core 100, and all twisting ends 221 with a twisting span equal to P are located in the same layer of the stator core 100.

[0099] For example, 2Q = pole pitch, Q - P = 1. If Q = 4.5 and P = 3.5, it is achieved that when viewed from one axial end of the stator core 100, the twisting direction of the twisting end 221 connected to each layer of support 222 is the same and the twisting span is equal, thus improving the feasibility and convenience of product manufacturing.

[0100] For ease of description, such as Figure 3 As shown, the twist span of one twist end 221 of each conductor 220 is denoted as B, and the twist span of the other twist end 221 is denoted as C. Figure 3The diagram illustrates a turn-end 221 with a turn-end span of 3.5 and a turn-end 221 with a turn-end span of 4.5, as shown. Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the twist span of any one of the twist ends 221 among the first conductor-1, second conductor-2, third conductor-3, and fourth conductor-4 is 4.5, i.e., B = C = 4.5; among any one of the conductors 220 from the fifth conductor-5 to the thirteenth conductor-13, the twist span of the left twist end 221 is 3.5, and the twist span of the right twist end 221 is 4.5, i.e., B = 3.5 and C = 4.5; the twist span of any one of the twist ends 221 among the fourteenth conductor-14 to the eighteenth conductor-18 is 4.5, i.e., B = C = 4.5. Figure 4 As shown, when viewed from one axial end of the stator core 100, all the twisting ends 221 of any layer have the same twisting direction and the same twisting span, which makes it easy to weld the corresponding twisting ends 221 to form the stator winding 200.

[0101] like Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, in any one of the conductors 220—first conductor 1', second conductor 2', third conductor 3', and fourth conductor 4'—the turning span of the left turning end 221 is 4.5, and the turning span of the right turning end 221 is 3.5, i.e., B = 4.5 and C = 3.5. The turning span of any one of the turning ends 221 in any one of the conductors 5' to 8' is 4.5, i.e., B = C = 4.5. In any one of the conductors 220—ninth conductor 9' to thirteenth conductor 13'—the turning span of the left turning end 221 is 4.5, and the turning span of the right turning end 221 is 3.5, i.e., B = 4.5 and C = 3.5. The turning span of any one of the turning ends 221 in any one of the conductors 14' to 18' is 4.5, i.e., B = C = 4.5. Looking from one axial end of the stator core 100, all the twisting ends 221 of any layer have the same twisting direction and the same twisting span, which makes it easy to weld the corresponding twisting ends 221 to form the stator winding 200.

[0102] like Figure 8In the illustrated embodiment, in any one of the conductors 220—the first conductor 3'1″, the second conductor 3'2″, the third conductor 3'3″, and the fourth conductor 3'4″—the twist span of the left twist end 221 is 4.5, and the twist span of the right twist end 221 is 3.5, i.e., B = 4.5 and C = 3.5. In any one of the conductors 220—the fifth conductor 3'5″ to the thirteenth conductor 3'13″—the twist span of the left twist end 221 is 4.5, i.e., B = C = 4.5. In any one of the conductors 220—the fourteenth conductor 3'14″ to the eighteenth conductor 3'18″—the twist span of the left twist end 221 is 3.5, and the twist span of the right twist end 221 is 4.5, i.e., B = 3.5 and C = 4.5. Looking from one axial end of the stator core 100, all the twisting ends 221 of any layer have the same twisting direction and the same twisting span, which makes it easy to weld the corresponding twisting ends 221 to form the stator winding 200.

[0103] like Figures 6 to 8 In any of the embodiments shown, the twisting directions of the twisting ends 221 of two adjacent layers along the radial direction of the stator core 100 are opposite.

[0104] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, each phase winding includes multiple branch windings, each branch winding includes K sub-branch windings belonging to different coil units, and each sub-branch winding includes multiple conductors 220 distributed circumferentially along the stator core 100 connected in sequence; for the same branch winding, two sub-branch windings that are radially adjacent along the stator core 100 are connected in series through cross-coil connecting lines 260.

[0105] For example, taking the U-phase winding 210 as an example, the U-phase winding 210 includes two branch windings, namely Figure 6 The U1 and U2 branches shown in the diagram each include four sub-branch windings, located in the innermost coil unit 240, two intermediate coil units 250 and the outermost coil unit 230 respectively. In each coil unit, the red wire and green wire of the U phase coil each represent a sub-branch winding. Figure 6One end of the fourth conductor 4 in the first group of conductors 220 of the outermost coil unit 230 is connected to one end of the fifth conductor 5 in the third group of conductors 220 of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers via a cross-turn connecting line 260. One end of the eighth conductor 8 in the first group of conductors 220 of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 3rd and 4th layers is connected to one end of a ninth conductor 9 in the third group of conductors 220 of the intermediate coil units 250 distributed in the 5th and 6th layers via a cross-turn connecting line 260. One end of the thirteenth conductor 13 in the first group of conductors 220 of the intermediate coil unit 250 in layers 5 and 6, and one end of the fourteenth conductor 14 in the third group of conductors 220 of the innermost coil unit 240, are connected by a cross-turn connecting wire 260, thus forming a U1 branch. The first conductor-1 of the third group of conductors 220 of the outermost coil unit 230 forms one terminal of the U1 branch, and one end of the eighteenth conductor-18 of the first group of conductors 220 of the innermost coil unit forms the other terminal of the U1 branch. The connection of the U2 branch is similar to that of the U1 branch and will not be described in detail here. Then, connecting the two U1 branches and the U2 branch in parallel forms a phase winding.

[0106] The stator winding 200 described above only requires connecting the same-phase sub-branch windings of two adjacent coil units with cross-coil connecting wires 260, and welding the twist ends 221 of the y-th and y+1-th layers in the same radial direction (where y is an odd number) to form a phase winding. Then, the three phase windings are connected by a star connection or a delta connection to form the stator winding 200. The stator winding 200 has a simple manufacturing process and low cost.

[0107] An embodiment of this utility model also provides a vehicle including the aforementioned motor, which improves the NVH performance of the vehicle by using a motor with high NVH performance.

[0108] Furthermore, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Many other equivalent embodiments may be included without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A stator structure, characterized in that, include: A stator core (100) having a plurality of stator slots (110) arranged at intervals along its circumference; The stator winding (200) includes multiple phase windings formed by multiple conductors (220) connected together. Each conductor (220) has two legs (222) respectively arranged in different stator slots (110), and two twist ends (221) connected to the two legs (222) in a one-to-one correspondence. The multiple legs (222) in each stator slot (110) are distributed in Z layers along the radial direction of the stator core (100), where Z is an even number and Z≥4. The stator slots (110) include multiple phase slots. The Z legs (222) distributed in the same phase slot are divided into two groups. The two groups of legs (222) belong to two phase windings respectively. The two groups of legs (222) distributed in any phase slot are asymmetrically distributed along the radial direction of the stator core (100). All the torsion ends (221) located in the same layer have the same torsion span and the same torsion direction. All the torsion ends (221) are located at the same end of the axial direction of the stator core (100).

2. The stator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator winding (200) includes K coil units, where K is an even number greater than or equal to 2, and the K coil units are sequentially nested along the radial direction of the stator core (100); The K coil units include at least one full-pitch coil unit with a pitch equal to the pole pitch, and at least one non-full-pitch coil unit with a pitch not equal to the pole pitch. The two legs of any conductor (220) are located in two radially adjacent layers of the stator core (100).

3. The stator structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, K=2, and both coil units are non-full-pitch coil units; K > 2, at least one non-pitch coil unit is provided between two adjacent full-pitch coil units in the radial direction of the stator core (100), and / or, at least one full-pitch coil unit is provided between two adjacent non-pitch coil units in the radial direction of the stator core (100).

4. The stator structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two twisting ends (221) of any conductor (220) have opposite twisting directions; The twist span of the two twist ends (221) of any conductor (220) in the full-pitch coil unit is equal to Q. In the non-full-pitch coil unit, the twist span of one of the twist ends (221) of any conductor (220) is equal to Q, and the twist span of the other twist end (221) is equal to P, and P≠Q. In the non-full-pitch coil unit, all the torsion ends (221) with a torsion span equal to Q are located in the same layer of the stator core (100), and all the torsion ends (221) with a torsion span equal to P are located in the same layer of the stator core (100).

5. The stator structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, 2Q = polar moment, Q - P = 1.

6. The stator structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each phase winding includes multiple branch windings arranged in parallel, each branch winding includes K sub-branch windings belonging to different coil units, and each sub-branch winding includes multiple conductors (220) arranged circumferentially along the stator core (100) connected in sequence. For the same branch winding, two sub-branch windings that are radially adjacent along the stator core (100) are connected in series by a cross-turn connecting line (260).

7. The stator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of legs (222) of each phase winding are divided into a plurality of pole phase groups, and all the legs (222) in any pole phase group are distributed in H stator slots (110) that are sequentially adjacent along the circumference of the stator core (100); For the H stator slots (110) corresponding to the same pole phase group, H is an odd number greater than or equal to 5. The 1st to the (i-1th)th and the (j+1th)th to the Hth stator slots (110) are out-of-phase slots, and the 1st to the jth stator slots (110) are in-phase slots. All the legs (222) distributed in the in-phase slots belong to the same phase winding group, 1 < i ≤ j < H and i and j are both integers and (i+j) / 2 = (H+1) / 2.

8. The stator structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, For the H stator slots (110) corresponding to the same pole phase group, where H is an odd number greater than or equal to 5, the first to the mth layers of the (H+1) / 2-Xth stator slot (110) and the (Z-m+1)th to the Zth layers of the (H+1) / 2+Xth stator slot (110) are all arranged with the support (222) of the same pole phase group; X = 1, 2, ..., i-1 and X is an integer, 1 ≤ m < Z and is an integer, and m ≠ Z / 2; For any of the stator slots (110) occupied by any of the pole phase groups, the number of the legs (222) belonging to the same pole phase group distributed in the first to (H+1) / 2nd stator slots (110) tends to increase.

9. An electric motor, characterized in that, It includes a rotor structure and a stator structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the rotor structure is rotatably disposed inside or outside the stator core (100).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the motor as described in claim 9.

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