Clamping mechanism and clamping device
By designing a clamping mechanism with a concave arc clamping surface, the problem of difficult clamping of small-diameter tooling shafts on CNC vertical lathes was solved, achieving high-precision and safe machining results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520042133.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-08
AI Technical Summary
When mounting small-diameter tooling shafts on a CNC vertical lathe, the existing chucks cannot effectively mount the shafts, resulting in low machining accuracy and potential safety hazards.
Design a clamping mechanism, including a set of components, a clamping surface and fasteners. The set of components is connected to the jaws through a slot. The clamping surface is a concave arc surface, which can limit the tooling shaft in multiple directions, improve the contact area and stability.
It enables effective clamping of small-diameter tooling shafts, improves machining accuracy and stability, and reduces safety risks.
Smart Images
Figure CN223718919U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to tooling shaft positioning technical field, specifically relates to a clamping mechanism and clamping device. BACKGROUND
[0002] When the numerical control vertical lathe is clamped to the impeller with tooling shaft, the shaft diameter of the tooling shaft is too small, usually lower than the lowest shaft diameter that the claw can clamp, so that the tooling shaft cannot be effectively clamped. The existing lathe claw can only clamp the two symmetrical surfaces of the shaft diameter, and the tooling shaft is extremely unstable after clamping, which affects the machining precision, and may cause the tooling shaft to be scrapped in serious cases. In addition, the lathe will rotate at high speed with the tooling shaft during the machining process, and the centrifugal force will be generated, and the fixing is not firm, which will have certain danger to the personnel and the lathe. The utility model provides a new solution for the above problems. SUMMARY
[0003] In order to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the utility model provides a clamping mechanism and clamping device. The purpose of the utility model can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:
[0004] The utility model discloses a first aspect, provide a kind of clamping mechanism, comprising:
[0005] Fitting, the fitting is set with the clamping surface for being contacted with the lateral wall of tooling shaft on the fitting;
[0006] Clamping surface, the fitting is equipped with the clamping surface for being contacted with the lateral wall of tooling shaft on the fitting;
[0007] Fastener, the fitting is connected with the claw by the fastener.
[0008] In an implementation mode, the width of the fitting towards one end of the tooling shaft is less than the width of the fitting away from one end of the tooling shaft, the clamping surface is concave arc surface, and the curvature of the clamping surface is less than 0.5π.
[0009] In an implementation mode, the curvature of the clamping surface is 0.25π-0.3π.
[0010] In an implementation mode, the clamping surface is located between the claw and the tooling shaft, and the minimum radial distance between the opposite two clamping surfaces is less than the minimum radial distance between the opposite two claws.
[0011] In an implementation mode, the fitting and the claw are detachably connected.
[0012] In an implementation mode, the gap between the claw and the claw is small, and the cross-sectional size of the claw is slightly larger than the cross-sectional size of the claw.
[0013] In an embodiment, the sleeve is axially movable along the jaw.
[0014] In an embodiment, a threaded hole is formed on the sleeve in a radial direction, and the fastener comprises a bolt which is inserted into the threaded hole to limit the movement of the sleeve relative to the jaw.
[0015] In the second aspect, the utility model provides a clamping device which comprises any one of the clamping mechanisms in the first aspect, and further comprises at least three jaws arranged in a circumferential direction, wherein the clamping mechanism is sleeved on the jaw, and the jaw drives the clamping mechanism to move until abutting against the side wall of the tool shaft.
[0016] In an embodiment, the number of the jaw and the clamping mechanism is four, and the two are arranged oppositely.
[0017] According to the disclosure, the clamping mechanism and the clamping device are sleeved on the jaw, the cross-sectional size of the cavity formed after the jaws are close to each other is reduced, the minimum shaft diameter that can be clamped by the jaw is reduced, the tool shaft with a smaller size can be clamped, the tool shaft is limited from multiple directions, the tool shaft can be effectively clamped, the contact area with the tool shaft is improved by the arc-shaped clamping surface, the stability of the tool shaft is improved, the machining precision is improved, and the machining quality of the tool shaft is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] In the drawings, the following is shown by way of example and without limitation:
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic view of the utility model from one angle is shown;
[0020] Figure 2 A schematic view of the utility model from another angle is shown;
[0021] Figure 3 A schematic view of the clamping mechanism of the utility model from one angle is shown;
[0022] Figure 4 A schematic view of the clamping mechanism of the utility model from another angle is shown;
[0023] Figure 5 A schematic view of the structure of the existing jaw and tool shaft from one angle is shown;
[0024] Figure 6 A schematic view of the structure of the existing jaw and tool shaft from another angle is shown.
[0025] In the drawings:
[0026] 1. Mounting mechanism; 2. Clamping jaws; 3. Tooling shaft;
[0027] 11. Kit; 12. Slot; 13. Clamping surface; 14. Screw hole; 15. Fastener. Detailed Implementation
[0028] In the following detailed disclosure, these embodiments are fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to enable those skilled in the art to understand and clarify the technical solution of this utility model more clearly, the embodiments described below are not limited thereto. The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
[0029] In this utility model, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise explicitly defined. The terms "install," "connect," "join," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "join" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0031] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, traditional chucks typically have three, four, six, or eight jaws, evenly arranged along the axial direction. Due to the limitation of the jaws' width, the cavity formed by several jaws approaching the center is larger than the size of the workpiece to be clamped, making effective clamping impossible. Only two opposing jaws can be used to clamp the workpiece. Furthermore, the clamping surface of traditional jaws is a plane, resulting in a small contact area with the workpiece. Especially when the workpiece is a tooling shaft, the centrifugal force generated when the tooling shaft rotates at high speed can affect the clamping effect, causing the tooling shaft to shift or even be thrown out, posing a certain danger.
[0032] The first aspect of this utility model is as follows: Figures 1-4As shown, a clamping mechanism 1 is provided, comprising a sleeve 11, a clamping surface 13 and a fastener 15, the sleeve 11 is provided with a clamping slot 12 for the clamping jaw 2 to pass through, the sleeve 11 is used to be sleeved on the clamping jaw 2, the sleeve 11 is provided with a clamping surface 13 used to contact the side wall of the tool shaft 3, and the sleeve 11 is connected with the clamping jaw 2 through the fastener 15.
[0033] The clamping mechanism 1 provided by the embodiment reduces the cross-sectional size of the cavity formed after the clamping jaws 2 are close to each other, reduces the minimum shaft diameter that the clamping jaws 2 can clamp, can clamp smaller tool shafts 3, limits the tool shaft 3 from multiple directions, can effectively clamp the tool shaft 3, and the arc-shaped clamping surface 13 can improve the contact area with the tool shaft 3, improve the stability of the tool shaft 3, improve the machining precision, and improve the machining quality of the tool shaft 3.
[0034] In an implementation manner, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 The width of the sleeve 11 towards the tool shaft 3 is smaller than the width of the sleeve 11 away from the tool shaft 3, the clamping surface 13 is an arc surface concave inward, and the curvature of the clamping surface 13 is less than 0.5π.
[0035] The width of the sleeve 11 close to the tool shaft 3 is reduced, which is used to reduce the width of the clamping surface 13, so that multiple clamping jaws 2 can be closer to each other, which is used to reduce the minimum shaft distance that the clamping jaws 2 can clamp, and can clamp smaller tool shafts 3.
[0036] The clamping surface 13 is an arc surface concave inward, the concave arc surface can increase the contact area with the tool shaft 3, the arc-shaped clamping surface 13 can make the clamping force uniformly distributed on the clamped tool shaft 3, and the uniform clamping force can help to reduce the deformation and sliding of the tool shaft 3 during machining, thereby ensuring the stability during machining or operation. The arc-shaped clamping surface 13 has a certain self-centering effect, which can automatically adjust to adapt to tool shafts 3 of different diameters, ensuring the close fit between the clamping mechanism 1 and the tool shaft 3, and further enhancing the stability. The arc-shaped clamping surface 13 has high clamping stiffness, which can maintain a stable clamping state during high-speed rotation, which helps to resist the vibration and impact generated when the tool contacts the tool shaft 3, thereby ensuring the precision and stability of the tool shaft 3 during machining. The arc-shaped clamping surface 13 has uniformly distributed clamping force, self-centering effect, high clamping stiffness and strong adaptability, and is easy to install and adjust, and has good stability for clamping workpieces.
[0037] The curvature of the arc-shaped clamping surface 13 matches the curvature of the workpiece shaft 3 to be clamped, and especially when the curvature is less than 0.5π, that is, the angle is less than 90°, the arc-shaped clamping surface 13 can be more closely attached to the surface of the workpiece shaft 3. The sleeve assembly 11 is closely attached to the workpiece shaft 3 through the clamping surface 13, which not only enhances the stability of clamping, but also can adapt to shafts of different diameters, and has certain self-adaptability.
[0038] Further, the curvature of the clamping surface 13 can be 0.25π-0.3π, that is, the angle is 45°-60°, which can further reduce the minimum axial distance of clamping under the premise of ensuring the contact area of the clamping surface 13 and the workpiece shaft 3, and can clamp smaller workpieces, while the number of clamping jaws 2 can be increased to clamp the workpiece in multiple directions and improve the stability of clamping.
[0039] In an implementable manner, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The clamping surface 13 is located between the clamping jaw 2 and the workpiece shaft 3, and the minimum radial distance between the two opposite clamping surfaces 13 is less than the minimum radial distance between the two opposite clamping jaws 2.
[0040] The clamping surface 13 is located in the direction of the sleeve assembly 11 towards the workpiece shaft 3, that is, the clamping surface 13 is located in the cavity formed between the clamping jaws 2, and the clamping surface 13 for clamping the workpiece is extended towards the workpiece by the clamping mechanism 1, which reduces the minimum axial distance of clamping and can clamp smaller workpieces.
[0041] In an implementable manner, the sleeve assembly 11 and the clamping jaw 2 are detachably connected, and the clamping mechanism 1 is detachably installed on the clamping jaw 2. For clamping smaller workpieces, the structure of the clamping jaw 2 does not need to be machined and adjusted, and the existing clamping jaw 2 can be improved to improve the applicability of the clamping jaw 2. When clamping larger workpieces, the clamping mechanism 1 can be removed, which is simple in structure, convenient to operate, low in cost, and has high economic efficiency.
[0042] In an implementable manner, as shown in Figure 3 The gap between the clamping jaw 2 and the clamping slot 12 is small, and the cross-sectional size of the clamping slot 12 is slightly larger than that of the clamping jaw 2.
[0043] Further, as shown in Figure 1 The sleeve assembly 11 can move axially along the clamping jaw 2.
[0044] It can be understood that the sleeve assembly 11 is provided with a clamping groove 12 for accommodating the clamping jaw 2, the clamping jaw 2 is arranged in the clamping groove 12, the sleeve assembly 11 can move along the axial direction of the clamping jaw 2, the installation height of the clamping mechanism on the clamping jaw 2 can be adjusted, so that the tool shaft 3 can be better clamped, and the installation and adjustment process is relatively simple. The operator can easily install the clamping mechanism 1 on the clamping jaw 2, and finely adjust the position of the clamping mechanism 1 as needed to ensure that the best clamping effect and stability are achieved.
[0045] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the sleeve assembly 11 is radially provided with a threaded hole 14, and the fastener 15 includes a bolt arranged in the threaded hole 14 for abutting the clamping jaw 2 to limit the sleeve assembly 11.
[0046] Wherein, the bolt abuts the clamping jaw 2 through the threaded hole 14, and the sleeve assembly 11 is tightly attached to the clamping jaw 2 by applying appropriate pre-tightening force to the clamping jaw 2 through the bolt, so as to achieve the fixing effect. Through the threaded connection between the bolt and the threaded hole 14, and the friction between the clamping jaw 2 and the sleeve assembly 11, the stability and reliability of the clamping mechanism 1 are ensured.
[0047] The second aspect of the utility model, as shown in Figures 1-4 , a clamping device is provided, which comprises any one of the clamping mechanisms 1 in the first aspect, and the clamping device further comprises at least three clamping jaws 2 arranged circumferentially, and the clamping mechanism 1 is sleeved on the clamping jaw 2, and the clamping jaw 2 drives the clamping mechanism 1 to move until abutting the side wall of the tool shaft 3.
[0048] Wherein, the number of clamping jaws 2 is at least three, which can also be four, five or other integer.
[0049] Wherein, the design of the three clamping jaws 2 and the clamping mechanism 1 enables the clamping force to be evenly distributed on the surface of the tool shaft 3, and such a triangular layout helps to provide stable clamping force and increase the stability of clamping, so as to ensure the accuracy of the machining process, and the clamping force exerted by the three clamping jaws 2 on the tool shaft 3 is uniform, which helps to prevent the tool shaft 3 from being deformed or damaged due to uneven force during machining, and ensures the machining quality and service life of the tool shaft 3. The three clamping jaws 2 can be suitable for clamping regular-shaped medium and small workpieces, especially in the machining of shaft workpieces. Whether the shaft is circular, square or of other shapes, as long as the size is moderate, the three clamping jaws 2 can provide effective clamping, and the structure is relatively simple and convenient to maintain. Once a fault or wear occurs, the device can be quickly repaired or replaced, reducing downtime and maintenance costs and improving the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.
[0050] The four clamping jaws 2 and the clamping mechanisms 1 are arranged opposite to each other, the design of the four clamping jaws 2 and the clamping mechanisms 1 makes the clamping force more evenly distributed on the tool shaft 3, the opposite arrangement helps to offset the torque between each other, the opposite arrangement of the clamping jaws 2 makes the clamping force balanced in the axial direction, avoids the deformation or machining error of the workpiece caused by uneven clamping, can adapt to tool shafts 3 of different materials and specifications, ensures firm clamping without damaging the workpiece, and provides more stable clamping effect.
[0051] The embodiment provides specific sizes of the clamping mechanism 1 and the clamping jaw 2, the length of the sleeve assembly 11 is 155mm, the width is 120mm, the axial thickness is 50mm, the radial single-side stroke is 45mm, the clamping surface 13 of the sleeve assembly 11 is 60 degrees, the circular arc radius of the clamping surface 13 is 60mm, the clamping groove 12 adopts a square size of 81mm*81mm, and there is a gap of 0.5mm between the clamping groove 12 and the clamping jaw 2.
[0052] The embodiment provides specific sizes of the clamping mechanism 1 and the clamping jaw 2, the length of the sleeve assembly 11 is 155mm, the width is 120mm, the axial thickness is 50mm, the radial single-side stroke is 45mm, the clamping surface 13 of the sleeve assembly 11 is 60 degrees, the circular arc radius of the clamping surface 13 is 60mm, the clamping groove 12 adopts a square size of 81mm*81mm, and there is a gap of 0.5mm between the clamping groove 12 and the clamping jaw 2.
[0053] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "a specific embodiment" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
[0054] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
[0055] In view of the above detailed description, these and other changes can be made to these embodiments, and the written description includes the best mode of the embodiment to disclose the present application. The patent scope obtained by the present application is defined by the claims, and the claims are not limited by the disclosure, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change according to the technical scheme and concept of the present application within the scope disclosed by the present application.
Claims
1. A card mounting mechanism characterized by comprising: The application relates to a clamping mechanism (1) comprising: a sleeve (11) provided with a clamping groove (12) for clamping a clamping jaw (2), the sleeve (11) being sleeved on the clamping jaw (2); a clamping surface (13) provided on the sleeve (11) for abutting against a side wall of a tool shaft (3); a fastener (15) connecting the sleeve (11) with the clamping jaw (2).
2. The card loading mechanism according to claim 1, wherein The sleeve (11) is provided with a clamping surface (13) at one end of the sleeve (11) which is closer to the tool shaft (3) and has a width smaller than that of the other end of the sleeve (11) which is farther away from the tool shaft (3), the clamping surface (13) is a concave arc surface, and the curvature of the clamping surface (13) is smaller than 0.5pi.
3. The card loading mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The curvature of the clamping surface (13) is 0.25pi-0.3pi.
4. The card loading mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The clamping surface (13) is located between the clamping jaw (2) and the tool shaft (3), and the minimum radial distance between the two opposite clamping surfaces (13) is smaller than that between the two opposite clamping jaws (2).
5. The card loading mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The sleeve (11) is detachably connected with the clamping jaw (2).
6. The card loading mechanism of claim 5, wherein, The clamping groove (12) is in a small-gap fit with the clamping jaw (2), and the cross-sectional dimension of the clamping groove (12) is slightly larger than that of the clamping jaw (2).
7. The card loading mechanism of claim 6, wherein, The sleeve (11) can axially move along the clamping jaw (2).
8. The card loading mechanism of claim 6, wherein, The sleeve (11) is provided with a screw hole (14) in the radial direction, and the fastener (15) comprises a bolt which is arranged in the screw hole (14) and abuts against the clamping jaw (2) to limit the sleeve (11).
9. A clamping device, characterized in that The application further relates to a clamping mechanism (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the clamping device further comprises at least three clamping jaws (2) arranged in the circumferential direction, the clamping mechanism (1) being sleeved on the clamping jaws (2), and the clamping jaws (2) drive the clamping mechanism (1) to move until abutting against the side wall of the tool shaft (3).
10. The clamping device of claim 9, wherein The number of the clamping jaws (2) and the clamping mechanism (1) is four, and the clamping jaws (2) and the clamping mechanism (1) are arranged in pairs.