Power supply device and electric device

Abstract

The utility model provides a power supply device and a power utilization device. The power supply device comprises a power battery, a direct current conversion module, a high-voltage load and a low-voltage load, the direct current conversion module is used for converting the direct current provided by the power battery and providing the converted direct current for the high-voltage load and the low-voltage load; wherein the direct current conversion module comprises a primary side circuit, a first secondary side circuit and a second secondary side circuit; the primary side circuit is connected with a power battery, and the first secondary side circuit is connected with a low-voltage load and is used for charging the low-voltage load; and the second secondary side circuit is connected with the high-voltage load and is used for pre-charging the high-voltage load. Specifically, according to the design of the power supply device provided by the invention, the pre-charging of the high-voltage load can be realized, so that the impact current when the main positive electrode switch and the main negative electrode switch are switched on with voltage difference is reduced, and the temporary charging of the low-voltage load can be realized, so that the generation of faults when the power supply of a low-voltage loop is abnormal is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power supply and distribution, in particular to a power supply device and a power consumption device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, from the development of market situation, the demand for electric vehicles is increasing, and charging safety is a major problem of electric vehicles.

[0003] When the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage load in the electric vehicle through the high-voltage loop, the main switch in the high-voltage loop needs to be controlled to turn on and off the power, however, when the main switch is closed with a voltage difference, it is easy to produce an impact current, thereby causing damage to the main switch. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a power supply device and a power consumption device, which can solve the problem that the main switch in the high-voltage loop is easily damaged.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power supply device, which comprises a power battery, a direct current conversion module, a high-voltage load and a low-voltage load; the direct current conversion module is used to convert the direct current provided by the power battery and provide the converted direct current to the high-voltage load and the low-voltage load; wherein the direct current conversion module comprises a primary side circuit, a first secondary side circuit and a second secondary side circuit; the primary side circuit is connected with the power battery, the first secondary side circuit is connected with the low-voltage load, and is used to realize power compensation for the low-voltage load; the second secondary side circuit is connected with the high-voltage load, and is used to realize pre-charging for the high-voltage load.

[0006] Specifically, the design of the power supply device of the present application embodiment can convert the direct current provided by the power battery through the primary side circuit and the second secondary side circuit, and provide the converted direct current to the high-voltage load, thereby realizing pre-charging for the high-voltage load, reducing the impact current when the main positive switch and the main negative switch are closed with a voltage difference, and further reducing the risk of damage to the main positive switch and the main negative switch by the impact current; and in the present application embodiment, the primary side circuit and the first secondary side circuit can convert the direct current provided by the power battery, and provide the converted direct current to the low-voltage load, so as to realize temporary power compensation for the low-voltage load in the low-voltage loop power failure state, thereby reducing the generation of faults in the low-voltage loop power supply abnormality.

[0007] In some embodiments, the primary side circuit comprises a primary winding and a first switch; a same-named terminal of the primary winding is connected to a positive terminal of the power battery, and a different-named terminal of the primary winding is connected to a negative terminal of the power battery; the first switch is arranged on a path between the negative terminal of the power battery and the different-named terminal of the primary winding, and a control terminal of the first switch is connected to a signal output terminal of the electric device; wherein the signal output terminal of the electric device is used to output a control signal to control a conduction time duty cycle of the first switch, so as to change an output voltage of the second secondary side circuit.

[0008] Specifically, by controlling the conduction time duty cycle of the first switch, the output voltage of the second secondary side circuit can be gradually increased, so that the pre-charging of the high-voltage load can be safely realized, and the current impact caused by high-voltage power-on can be improved.

[0009] In some embodiments, the primary side circuit further comprises a first resistor arranged on a path between the positive terminal of the power battery and the same-named terminal of the primary winding; and / or the first resistor is arranged on a path between the negative terminal of the power battery and the first switch.

[0010] Specifically, by arranging the first resistor on the path between the power battery and the same-named terminal of the primary winding and / or the first switch, the first resistor can play a role of limiting the output current of the power battery, so as to protect the primary winding and the first switch from the influence of overcurrent.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first secondary side circuit comprises a first secondary winding, a second resistor, a first capacitor and a second switch; a same-named terminal of the first secondary winding is connected to a first terminal of the low-voltage load, the second resistor and the second switch are connected between a different-named terminal of the first secondary winding and a second terminal of the low-voltage load; a first terminal of the first capacitor is connected on a path between the second resistor and the second switch, and a second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the same-named terminal of the first secondary winding.

[0012] Specifically, the primary side circuit and the first secondary winding can convert the direct current provided by the power battery, and provide the converted direct current to the first capacitor for storage, and the second switch can conduct a path between the first capacitor and the low-voltage load after the low-voltage loop abnormally powers off, so as to realize temporary power supply to the low-voltage load.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second secondary side circuit comprises a second secondary winding and a sampling branch; a same-named terminal of the second secondary winding is connected to a second terminal of the high-voltage load, and a different-named terminal of the second secondary winding is connected to a first terminal of the high-voltage load; the sampling branch is connected between the same-named terminal and the different-named terminal of the second secondary winding, and is used to sample an output voltage of the second secondary winding.

[0014] Specifically, the primary side circuit and the second secondary side winding can convert the direct current provided by the power battery and provide the converted direct current to the high-voltage load to realize pre-charging of the high-voltage load; and the output voltage of the second secondary side winding is sampled by the sampling branch to control the on-time duty cycle of the first switch, so as to adjust the output voltage of the second secondary side circuit, thereby safely realizing pre-charging of the high-voltage load and improving the current impact caused by high-voltage power-on.

[0015] In some embodiments, the sampling branch includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor; a first end of the third resistor is connected to the opposite-phase end of the second secondary side winding, a second end of the third resistor is connected to a first end of the fourth resistor, a second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the same-phase end of the second secondary side winding; and a first end of the fourth resistor is also connected to a signal sampling end of the power-consuming device.

[0016] Specifically, by designing the sampling branch to include a third resistor and a fourth resistor, the third resistor serves as a voltage dividing resistor and the fourth resistor serves as a sampling resistor, thereby achieving sampling of the output voltage of the second secondary side winding.

[0017] In some embodiments, the direct current conversion module further includes a third secondary side circuit; the third secondary side circuit includes a third secondary side winding and a third switch; a positive electrode end of the power battery is connected to the opposite-phase end of the third secondary side winding, a negative electrode end of the power battery is connected to an anode of the third switch, and a cathode of the third switch is connected to the same-phase end of the third secondary side winding.

[0018] Specifically, the third secondary side circuit can serve as a magnetic reset branch of the primary side winding to realize demagnetization of the magnetic core when the first switch is turned off.

[0019] In some embodiments, the power supply device further includes a main positive electrode switch and a main negative electrode switch; the main positive electrode switch is connected in the path between the positive electrode end of the power battery and the high-voltage load; and the main negative electrode switch is connected in the path between the negative electrode end of the power battery and the high-voltage load.

[0020] Specifically, the main positive electrode switch and the main negative electrode switch are connected in the path between the power battery and the high-voltage load; after the direct current conversion module realizes pre-charging of the high-voltage load, the pressure difference between the power battery and the high-voltage load is reduced, and the closure of the main positive electrode switch and the main negative electrode switch will not generate an impact current, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the main positive electrode switch and the main negative electrode switch caused by the impact current.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application provides a power-consuming device, which includes a power supply device; wherein the power supply device includes any of the above-mentioned power supply devices.

[0022] Specifically, the power supply device is arranged in the battery management unit, and the power supply device is connected with the signal output end and the signal sampling end.

[0023] In some embodiments, the power supply device is arranged in the battery management unit, and the power supply device is connected with the signal output end and the signal sampling end.

[0024] Specifically, the power supply device is arranged in the battery management unit, and the power supply device is connected with the signal output end and the signal sampling end. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor, and the drawings include:

[0026] Figure 1 A module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the power supply device provided by the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 A circuit structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the power supply device provided by the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A circuit structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the power supply device provided by the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A circuit structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the power supply device provided by the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 A module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the power supply device provided by the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 A circuit structure schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the power supply device provided by the present application.

[0032] EXPLANATION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] 300, power consumption device;

[0034] 200, battery management unit;

[0035] 100, power supply device; 10, power battery; 20, DC conversion module; 21, primary side circuit; N1, primary winding; Q, first switch; R1, first resistor; 22, first secondary side circuit; N2, first secondary winding; R2, second resistor; C1, first capacitor; Q2, second switch; 23, second secondary side circuit; N3, second secondary winding; 231, sampling branch; R3, third resistor; R4, fourth resistor; 24, third secondary side circuit; N4, third secondary winding; Q3, third switch; 30, high-voltage load; 40, low-voltage load; 50, main positive electrode switch; 60, main negative electrode switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] The terms "first", "second", "third" in the present application are only for descriptive purpose, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", "third" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but can optionally include steps or units not listed, or can optionally include other steps or units inherent to the process, method, product or device.

[0038] In this document, reference to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they necessarily mutually exclusive of one another. As will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is merely an association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "a plurality of groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or it can be electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] Specifically, energy saving and emission reduction is the key to the sustainable development of the automobile industry, and electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their energy-saving and environmentally-friendly advantages. In the embodiments of the present application, the electric device takes the electric vehicle as an example.

[0043] Among them, the electric vehicle refers to a vehicle that uses an on-board power source as power and uses a motor to drive the wheels to travel, and meets the requirements of road traffic, safety regulations and other requirements. Because its impact on the environment is relatively small compared to traditional fuel vehicles, its prospects are widely optimistic. Among them, the types of electric vehicles include pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles including vehicles driven by on-board power sources, etc.

[0044] The on-board power supply can be arranged at the bottom, head or tail of the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle can be used for power supply of the electric vehicle, wherein the existing on-board power supply is generally a power battery. The power battery can include a plurality of battery monomers, which can be connected in series, parallel or mixed. Mixed connection means that there are both series and parallel connections among the plurality of battery monomers. The plurality of battery monomers can be directly connected in series, parallel or mixed together, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery monomers is accommodated in a box to form an on-board power supply. Of course, the power battery can also be in the form of a plurality of battery monomers connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and a plurality of battery modules connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a whole and accommodated in a box. Each battery monomer can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery monomer can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes.

[0045] The electric vehicle generally further includes a power distribution system composed of a high-voltage loop, a low-voltage loop, a high-voltage load and a low-voltage load. The power battery supplies power to the high-voltage load in the electric vehicle through the high-voltage loop, and supplies power to the low-voltage load in the electric vehicle through the low-voltage loop.

[0046] The high-voltage loop refers to an electrical system with relatively high voltage used in the electric vehicle, usually with a voltage of 300 volts (V) or more, sometimes even as high as 800 volts. The high-voltage loop is mainly used to drive the electric motor, the battery management system (BMS) and the related energy conversion system.

[0047] The low-voltage loop refers to an electrical system with relatively low voltage used in the electric vehicle, usually with a voltage of 12 volts (V) or 24 volts (V). In the embodiments of the present application, the low-voltage loop can be KL30. The KL30 is a power signal or line used to ensure that some key devices can work normally when the vehicle is not started.

[0048] The high-voltage load refers to a device or system that needs a higher voltage to work normally and is usually connected to a high-voltage loop. In the embodiments of the present application, the high-voltage load can include a power motor, an X capacitor installed in the electrical system of an electric vehicle, etc. The motor is one of the core components of an electric vehicle and a hybrid electric vehicle, responsible for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the vehicle. The main function of the X capacitor in the electrical system of the vehicle is to filter noise, suppress electromagnetic interference (EMI), and improve system stability. Specifically, the X capacitor is a capacitor connected across the power supply lines to suppress differential mode (DM) noise. In the electrical system of an electric vehicle, the X capacitor is usually connected to the high-voltage loop to reduce noise introduced from the power supply or emitted from the high-voltage load. The present application takes the X capacitor as an example of the high-voltage load.

[0049] The low-voltage load refers to a device or system that only needs a lower voltage to work normally and is usually connected to a low-voltage loop. In the embodiments of the present application, the low-voltage load can be a related control device in the BMS, an electrical device in the vehicle, or a vehicle device connected to the KL30, such as a small battery of an electric vehicle, etc. The present application takes the vehicle device connected to the KL30 as an example of the low-voltage load.

[0050] However, it should be noted that when the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage load in the electric vehicle through the high-voltage loop, the main switch (such as the main positive switch and the main negative switch) in the high-voltage loop needs to be controlled for on-off power supply. However, before the power battery supplies power to the high-voltage load, there is a large voltage difference between the power battery and the high-voltage load, and the main switch is easy to generate an impact current when the voltage difference is closed, resulting in damage to the main switch.

[0051] The main positive switch and the main negative switch can be a relay, a contactor, or other switching elements. The relay is usually used in an automatic control circuit, which is actually a kind of "automatic switch" that uses a small current to control a large current. The contactor is an automatic switching device used to frequently turn on and off AC or DC circuits. It is an electrical device that closes or opens the contacts in the main circuit by electromagnetic force or mechanical force. The contactor is usually used to control a circuit with a large current, especially those that need to be frequently operated.

[0052] In the related art, a pre-charging system is generally arranged in a high-voltage loop. For example, a pre-charging system of a power battery generally adopts a design of arranging a pre-charging resistor in parallel with a pre-charging switch on a main positive switch in a high-voltage box (HV Box). A loop formed by using the pre-charging resistor is used to complete voltage pre-charging of a high-voltage load at a vehicle end, so as to reduce an impact current when the main positive switch and a main negative switch are closed with a voltage difference, and further reduce a risk of damage of the main positive switch and the main negative switch caused by the impact current.

[0053] Among them, the high-voltage box in the electric vehicle is an important electrical component, which is usually used for centralized management and distribution of high-voltage power supply. The role of the high-voltage box in the electric vehicle is similar to that of the distribution box in the traditional automobile, but it deals with high-voltage power supply and is mainly used for connecting and protecting the high-voltage electrical system of the vehicle.

[0054] However, the pre-charging system of the high-voltage loop is limited by the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor, and the charging speed is slow and the energy transmission efficiency is low.

[0055] In addition, the low-voltage loop may have an abnormal power-off problem under some working conditions, resulting in a low-voltage power supply failure.

[0056] To solve the problems of the main switch being easily damaged in the high-voltage loop and the low-voltage power supply failure caused by the abnormal power-off of the low-voltage loop, the present application provides a power supply device as a pre-charging system of a high-voltage loop, which includes a power battery, a direct current conversion module, a high-voltage load and a low-voltage load; the direct current conversion module is used to convert direct current provided by the power battery and provide the converted direct current to the high-voltage load and the low-voltage load; wherein the direct current conversion module includes a primary side circuit, a first secondary side circuit and a second secondary side circuit; the primary side circuit is connected with the power battery, the first secondary side circuit is connected with the low-voltage load and is used to realize power compensation for the low-voltage load; and the second secondary side circuit is connected with the high-voltage load and is used to realize pre-charging for the high-voltage load.

[0057] Specifically, the design of the power supply device of the present application embodiment can convert the direct current provided by the power battery through the primary side circuit and the second secondary side circuit, and provide the converted direct current to the high-voltage load, so as to realize pre-charging for the high-voltage load, reduce the impact current when the main positive switch and the main negative switch are closed with a voltage difference, and further reduce the risk of damage of the main positive switch and the main negative switch caused by the impact current. In the present application embodiment, the primary side circuit and the first secondary side circuit can convert the direct current provided by the power battery, and provide the converted direct current to the low-voltage load, so as to realize temporary power compensation for the low-voltage load in the power-off state of the low-voltage loop, and reduce the generation of faults when the low-voltage loop power supply is abnormal.

[0058] Reference Figures 1-4, Figure 1 Module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the power supply device provided in the present application; Figure 2 Circuit structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the power supply device provided in the present application;

[0059] Figure 3 Circuit structure schematic diagram of another embodiment of the power supply device provided in the present application; Figure 4 Circuit structure schematic diagram of still another embodiment of the power supply device provided in the present application.

[0060] The present application provides a power supply device 100, which comprises a power battery 10, a direct current conversion module 20, a high-voltage load 30 and a low-voltage load 40; the direct current conversion module 20 is used for converting direct current provided by the power battery 10 and providing the converted direct current to the high-voltage load 30 and the low-voltage load 40.

[0061] The direct current conversion module 20 is an electronic module specially used for direct current conversion, which can convert the input direct current voltage into another required direct current voltage. Such a module usually contains one or more conversion circuits, and necessary control and protection circuits.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the direct current conversion module 20 comprises a transformer circuit, which is a circuit design for realizing voltage conversion, current conversion, impedance matching and other purposes by using a transformer.

[0063] Specifically, the direct current conversion module 20 comprises a primary side circuit 21, a first secondary side circuit 22 and a second secondary side circuit 23; the primary side circuit 21 is connected with the power battery 10, the first secondary side circuit 22 is connected with the low-voltage load 40, and is used for realizing power compensation for the low-voltage load 40; the second secondary side circuit 23 is connected with the high-voltage load 30, and is used for realizing pre-charging for the high-voltage load 30.

[0064] The primary side circuit 21 refers to the circuit part where the transformer primary coil is located. The secondary side circuit refers to the circuit part where the transformer secondary coil is located. The primary side circuit 21 is responsible for obtaining the input voltage from the power supply; the secondary side circuit is responsible for converting the input voltage into the required output voltage. In actual application, the design of the primary side circuit 21 and the secondary side circuit needs to be coordinated with each other to ensure the efficient, stable and safe operation of the entire transformer circuit.

[0065] Specifically, the design of the power supply device 100 in the embodiment of the present application can convert the direct current provided by the power battery 10 and provide the converted direct current to the high-voltage load 30, so as to realize pre-charging of the high-voltage load 30, thereby reducing the impact current when the main positive switch 50 and the main negative switch 60 are closed with a voltage difference, and further reducing the risk of damage of the main positive switch 50 and the main negative switch 60 caused by the impact current. Compared with the pre-charging circuit formed by the pre-charging resistor in the prior art, the embodiment of the present application can improve the charging efficiency and energy transmission rate of the pre-charging system of the high-voltage circuit.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the primary side circuit 21 and the first secondary side circuit 22 can convert the direct current provided by the power battery 10 and provide the converted direct current to the low-voltage load 40, so as to realize temporary power supply to the low-voltage load 40 in the power-off state of the low-voltage circuit, thereby reducing the generation of faults when the low-voltage circuit is abnormally powered.

[0067] In combination Figure 1 And Figure 2 In some embodiments, the primary side circuit 21 includes a primary winding N1 and a first switch Q1; the positive terminal of the power battery 10 is connected to the same terminal of the primary winding N1, and the negative terminal of the power battery 10 is connected to the different terminal of the primary winding N1; the first switch Q1 is arranged on the path between the negative terminal of the power battery 10 and the different terminal of the primary winding N1, and the control terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the signal output terminal S1 of the power-using device 300; wherein the signal output terminal S1 of the power-using device 300 is used to output a control signal to control the on-time duty cycle of the first switch Q1, so as to change the output voltage of the second secondary side circuit 23.

[0068] Wherein, the same terminal of the winding refers to the terminal with the same direction of the magnetic field generated when the current flows in, and the different terminal refers to the terminal with the opposite direction of the magnetic field generated when the current flows in.

[0069] Specifically, by controlling the on-time duty cycle of the first switch Q1, the output voltage of the second secondary side circuit 23 can be gradually increased, so as to safely realize pre-charging of the high-voltage load 30 and improve the current impact caused by high-voltage power-on.

[0070] For example, if the rated voltage value of the power battery 10 is 400V. The signal output terminal S1 of the power-using device 300 controls the on-time duty cycle of the first switch Q1 by outputting a PWM signal, so that the output voltage of the second secondary side circuit 23 gradually increases according to a preset time period, such as gradually increasing from 50V to 400V, so as to realize safe pre-charging and avoid the impact of large current caused by direct high-voltage power-on.

[0071] In some embodiments, the primary side circuit 21 further comprises a first resistor R1, which is arranged in the path between the positive terminal of the power battery 10 and the same terminal of the primary winding N1; and / or, the first resistor R1 is arranged in the path between the negative terminal of the power battery 10 and the first switch Q1.

[0072] For example, the first resistor R1 can be arranged only in the path between the positive terminal of the power battery 10 and the same terminal of the primary winding N1.

[0073] For another example, the first resistor R1 can be arranged only in the path between the negative terminal of the power battery 10 and the first switch Q1.

[0074] For another example, referring to Figure 2 , the number of the first resistor R1 is two, and one of the first resistor R1 is arranged in the path between the positive terminal of the power battery 10 and the same terminal of the primary winding N1, and the other first resistor R1 is arranged in the path between the negative terminal of the power battery 10 and the first switch Q1.

[0075] Specifically, the first resistor R1 acts as a current-limiting resistor to limit the current in the branch to prevent the current in the branch from being too large to burn out the components in the branch. By arranging the first resistor R1 in the path between the power battery 10 and the same terminal of the primary winding N1 and / or the first switch Q1, the first resistor R1 can limit the output current of the power battery 10, and protect the primary winding N1 and the first switch Q1 from overcurrent.

[0076] Please continue to combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the first secondary side circuit 22 comprises a first secondary winding N2, a second resistor R2, a first capacitor C1 and a second switch Q2; the same terminal of the first secondary winding N2 is connected to the first end of the low-voltage load 40, the second resistor R2 and the second switch Q2 are connected between the different terminal of the first secondary winding N2 and the second end of the low-voltage load 40; the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected in the path between the second resistor R2 and the second switch Q2, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the same terminal of the first secondary winding N2.

[0077] Specifically, the primary side circuit 21 and the first secondary winding N2 can convert the direct current provided by the power battery 10 and provide the converted direct current to the first capacitor C1 for storage, and the second switch Q2 can conduct the path between the first capacitor C1 and the low-voltage load 40 after the low-voltage loop is abnormally powered off, to realize temporary power supply to the low-voltage load 40.

[0078] The second switch Q2 includes but is not limited to a diode, a MOS tube and other switching elements.

[0079] When the second switch Q2 is a diode, and in the state that the low-voltage circuit is normal, the output voltage (or the voltage of the first capacitor C1) output by the first secondary winding N2 is the same as the voltage on the low-voltage load 40, and the diode is not conductive. When the low-voltage circuit is abnormal, the voltage on the low-voltage load 40 is less than the output voltage (or the voltage of the first capacitor C1) output by the first secondary winding N2, the diode is conductive, and temporary power supply to the low-voltage load 40 is realized.

[0080] When the second switch Q2 is a MOS tube, the control end of the MOS tube is connected with the control unit of the power-using device 300. When the control unit detects that the low-voltage circuit is normal and supplies power to the low-voltage load 40, the MOS tube is not conductive. When the control unit detects that the low-voltage circuit is abnormal and causes the low-voltage load 40 to be powered off, the MOS tube is conductive, and temporary power supply to the low-voltage load 40 is realized.

[0081] In the embodiments of the present application, the second switch Q2 is taken as a diode as an example.

[0082] Please continue to combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the second secondary side circuit 23 includes a second secondary winding N3 and a sampling branch 231. The same name end of the second secondary winding N3 is connected to the second end of the high-voltage load 30, and the different name end of the second secondary winding N3 is connected to the first end of the high-voltage load 30. The sampling branch 231 is connected between the same name end and the different name end of the second secondary winding N3, and is used for sampling the output voltage of the second secondary winding N3.

[0083] The sampling branch 231 refers to a kind of circuit design for detecting and measuring current, voltage and other electrical parameters in circuit. In the embodiments of the present application, the sampling branch 231 is used for sampling the output voltage of the second secondary winding N3, and converts the detected signal into a form easy to process, and transmits to the control system or monitoring equipment of the power-using device 300.

[0084] Specifically, the primary side circuit 21 and the second secondary winding N3 can convert the direct current provided by the power battery 10, and provide the converted direct current to the high-voltage load 30, to realize pre-charging of the high-voltage load 30. The power-using device 300 samples the output voltage of the second secondary winding N3 through the sampling branch 231, so as to control the on-time duty cycle of the first switch Q1, and then adjust the output voltage of the second secondary side circuit 23, to safely realize pre-charging of the high-voltage load 30, and improve the current impact caused by high-voltage power-on.

[0085] In combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the sampling branch 231 comprises a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4; a first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to a non-identical end of the second secondary winding N3, a second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to a first end of the fourth resistor R4 and a signal sampling end S2 of the electrical device 300, and a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to an identical end of the second secondary winding N3.

[0086] Specifically, by designing the sampling branch 231 to comprise the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, the third resistor R3 serves as a voltage dividing resistor, and the fourth resistor R4 serves as a sampling resistor. The voltage dividing resistor can reduce the current flowing through the sampling branch 231 to a lower level. When the current passes through the sampling resistor, a voltage drop proportional to the current is generated across the sampling resistor. The voltage drop can be detected by a control system or a monitoring device in the electrical device 300 and converted into an electrical signal for further processing, thereby achieving sampling of the output voltage of the second secondary winding N3.

[0087] It can be understood that, since the resistance of the fourth resistor R4 is known, the output voltage of the second secondary winding N3 can be calculated. In this way, the duty cycle of the conduction time of the first switch Q1 can be further controlled to gradually adjust the output voltage of the second secondary winding N3 to be consistent with the output voltage of the power battery 10. When the output voltage of the second secondary winding N3 is consistent with the output voltage of the power battery 10, the pre-charging of the high-voltage system is completed, and the first switch Q1 can be controlled to be turned off, and the main positive switch 50 and the main negative switch 60 can be controlled to be closed.

[0088] In combination Figure 1 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the DC conversion module 20 further comprises a third secondary side circuit 24; the third secondary side circuit 24 comprises a third secondary winding N4 and a third switch Q3; a positive end of the power battery 10 is connected to a non-identical end of the third secondary winding N4, a negative end of the power battery 10 is connected to an anode of the third switch Q3, and a cathode of the third switch Q3 is connected to an identical end of the third secondary winding N4.

[0089] For example, when the first switch Q1 is closed, the voltage of the primary winding N1 is positive on the top and negative on the bottom, the voltage of the second secondary winding N3 is also positive on the top and negative on the bottom, and the voltage of the third secondary winding N4 is negative on the top and positive on the bottom. Due to the single-phase conduction of the first switch Q1, at this time, the third secondary winding N4 has no current, the power battery 10 releases energy to the second secondary winding N3 through the primary winding N1, and the second secondary winding N3 charges the high-voltage load 30. When the first switch Q1 is turned off, the polarity of the voltage of each winding is reversed, and the second secondary winding N3 forms a loop with the power battery 10 and the third switch Q3 to transfer the energy of the primary winding N1 to the power battery 10 through the third secondary winding N4 to demagnetize the magnetic core.

[0090] Specifically, the third auxiliary side circuit 24 can be designed as a magnetic reset branch of the primary winding N1, and can realize demagnetization of the magnetic core when the first switch Q1 is turned off.

[0091] Referring to Figures 1-4 In any of the figures, in some embodiments, the power supply device 100 further comprises a main positive electrode switch 50 and a main negative electrode switch 60; the main positive electrode switch 50 is connected in the path between the positive electrode end of the power battery 10 and the high-voltage load 30; and the main negative electrode switch 60 is connected in the path between the negative electrode end of the power battery 10 and the high-voltage load 30.

[0092] Specifically, the main positive electrode switch 50 and the main negative electrode switch 60 are connected in the path between the power battery 10 and the high-voltage load 30. After the DC conversion module 20 pre-charges the high-voltage load 30, the voltage difference between the power battery 10 and the high-voltage load 30 is reduced, and the closing of the main positive electrode switch 50 and the main negative electrode switch 60 will not generate an impact current, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the main positive electrode switch 50 and the main negative electrode switch 60 by the impact current.

[0093] Any of the above embodiments provides a power supply device 100 that can be applied to a power consumption device.

[0094] Specifically, the power consumption device of the embodiments of the present application, by setting the power supply device 100, realizes pre-charging of the high-voltage load 30, can reduce the impact current when the main positive electrode switch 50 and the main negative electrode switch 60 are closed with a voltage difference, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the main positive electrode switch 50 and the main negative electrode switch 60 by the impact current, and the power supply device 100 can realize temporary power supply to the low-voltage load 40, thereby reducing the generation of faults when the low-voltage loop power supply is abnormal.

[0095] Referring to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The module schematic diagram of an embodiment of the power consumption device provided by the present application, specifically, in some embodiments, the power consumption device 300 further comprises a battery management unit 200, and the battery management unit 200 has the signal output end S1 and the signal sampling end S2 described above, and the power supply device 100 is arranged in the battery management unit 200, and the power supply device 100 is connected with the signal output end S1 and the signal sampling end S2.

[0096] The battery management unit 200 (BMU) is an important component of the battery management system (BMS), and is mainly used for monitoring and managing the state of the single battery or module in the battery pack, and sending the information to the central controller (usually the BMS host). It is necessary that the battery management unit 200 is generally located outside the high-voltage box in the power device 300, so as to save the high-voltage box space and cost.

[0097] The signal output end S1 of the battery management unit 200 is connected with the control end of the first switch Q1 in the power supply device 100, for outputting the control signal to control the on-time duty cycle of the first switch Q1. The signal sampling end S2 of the battery management unit 200 is connected with the second end of the fourth resistor R4 in the power supply device 100, so as to realize the sampling of the output voltage of the second secondary winding N3.

[0098] Specifically, the power supply device 100 is integrated in the battery management unit 200, which can reduce the design cost of the power supply device 100, and can save the high-voltage box space compared with being arranged in the high-voltage box, and is convenient for the maintenance of the power supply device 100.

[0099] Referring to Figure 6 , Figure 6 The circuit structure schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the power supply device provided in the present application is shown.

[0100] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the power supply device includes a power battery 10, a direct current conversion module 20, a high-voltage load 30, a low-voltage load 40, a main positive electrode switch 50 and a main negative electrode switch 60. The direct current conversion module includes a transformer, a MOS tube Q1, a capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4 and a diode Q2, and the main positive electrode switch 50 and the main negative electrode switch 60 are relays.

[0101] ​Specifically, the power battery is input as the primary side of the transformer, the MOS tube Q1 is the switch of the primary side winding (the primary winding N1) of the transformer, and the on-off is controlled by the PWM signal. The secondary side winding ② (the second secondary winding N3) is the input of the high-voltage loop relay (the main positive electrode switch 50 and the main negative electrode switch 60) outside voltage, and the output voltage V1 is directly used for monitoring the outside voltage of the current BMS high-voltage sampling loop. The corresponding sampling signal enters the control unit of the PWM, controls the frequency and pulse width of the corresponding PWM signal, and achieves the effect of V1 voltage soft start. The secondary side winding ① (the second secondary winding N2) is the temporary power supply loop of the low-voltage load 40, and the voltage is stored in C1. After the KL30 abnormal power-off, the diode is turned on, and the function of short-time power supply is started. After the V1 voltage is pre-charged, the primary side switch is disconnected, the high-voltage loop relay is closed, and the high voltage is output to the whole vehicle.

[0102] Further, the transformer can be installed on the BMU. The embodiment of the present application adopts a transformer installed on the BMU to slowly raise the outside voltage of the high-voltage loop relay to achieve the function of voltage soft start. The PWM signal is used to control the on-off of the transformer switch, so that the outside voltage of the relay reaches the pre-charging effect, reduces the voltage impact when the relay is closed, and reduces the high-voltage loop surge. The high-voltage sampling loop is used to monitor the outside voltage of the relay, which is used to adjust the pulse width and frequency of the PWM signal. At the same time, the transformer can be provided with multiple outputs, and the remaining windings are output as the power supply of the BMS low-voltage signal to achieve the effect of temporary power supply, increase the utilization rate of the device, and reduce the failure of low-voltage abnormal power-off.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims and the description of the present application. Especially, as long as there is no structural conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply device characterized by comprising: The power supply device comprises a power battery, a direct current conversion module, a high-voltage load and a low-voltage load; the direct current conversion module is used for converting direct current provided by the power battery and providing the converted direct current to the high-voltage load and the low-voltage load; The direct current conversion module comprises a primary side circuit, a first secondary side circuit and a second secondary side circuit; the primary side circuit is connected with the power battery, the first secondary side circuit is connected with the low-voltage load and is used for realizing power compensation for the low-voltage load; and the second secondary side circuit is connected with the high-voltage load and is used for realizing pre-charging for the high-voltage load.

2. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized by The primary side circuit comprises a primary winding and a first switch; A same-name end of the primary winding is connected with a positive pole of the power battery, and a different-name end of the primary winding is connected with a negative pole of the power battery; The first switch is arranged on a path of the negative pole of the power battery and the different-name end of the primary winding, and a control end of the first switch is connected with a signal output end of an electric device; wherein the signal output end of the electric device is used for outputting a control signal to control a conduction time duty cycle of the first switch, so as to change an output voltage of the second secondary side circuit.

3. The power supply device according to claim 2, characterized by The primary side circuit further comprises a first resistor, which is arranged on a path of the positive pole of the power battery and the same-name end of the primary winding; and / or the first resistor is arranged on a path of the negative pole of the power battery and the first switch.

4. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized by The first secondary side circuit comprises a first secondary winding, a second resistor, a first capacitor and a second switch; A same-name end of the first secondary winding is connected with a first end of the low-voltage load, the second resistor and the second switch are connected between a different-name end of the first secondary winding and a second end of the low-voltage load; a first end of the first capacitor is connected on a path of the second resistor and the second switch, and a second end of the first capacitor is connected with the same-name end of the first secondary winding.

5. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein The second secondary side circuit comprises a second secondary winding and a sampling branch; A same-name end of the second secondary winding is connected with a second end of the high-voltage load, and a different-name end of the second secondary winding is connected with a first end of the high-voltage load; The sampling branch is connected between the same-name end and the different-name end of the second secondary winding and is used for sampling an output voltage of the second secondary winding.

6. The power supply device according to claim 5, wherein The sampling branch comprises a third resistor and a fourth resistor; A first end of the third resistor is connected with the different-name end of the second secondary winding, a second end of the third resistor is connected with a first end of the fourth resistor, a second end of the fourth resistor is connected with the same-name end of the second secondary winding, and a first end of the fourth resistor is further connected with a signal sampling end of an electric device.

7. The power supply device according to claim 2, wherein The direct current conversion module further comprises a third secondary side circuit; The third secondary side circuit comprises a third secondary winding and a third switch; A positive pole of the power battery is connected with a different-name end of the third secondary winding, a negative pole of the power battery is connected with an anode of the third switch, and a cathode of the third switch is connected with a same-name end of the third secondary winding.

8. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by The power supply device further comprises a main positive electrode switch and a main negative electrode switch; The main positive electrode switch is connected in the passage between the positive electrode terminal of the power battery and the high-voltage load, and the main negative electrode switch is connected in the passage between the negative electrode terminal of the power battery and the high-voltage load.

9. An electrical device, characterized by The power supply device further comprises a battery management unit, and the battery management unit has a signal output terminal and a signal sampling terminal. The power supply device further comprises a battery management unit, and the battery management unit has a signal output terminal and a signal sampling terminal.

10. The powered device of claim 9, wherein, The power supply device further comprises a battery management unit, and the battery management unit has a signal output terminal and a signal sampling terminal.

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