Feces compost fermentation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an excrement compost fermentation device which comprises a fermentation chamber, one end of the fermentation chamber is provided with a feed port, the other end of the fermentation chamber is provided with a discharge port, a heat preservation plate is arranged in the fermentation chamber and is parallel to the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber, and supporting plates are arranged on the two sides of the heat preservation plate. A fermentation cavity is defined by the supporting plate, the heat preservation plate and the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber; a plurality of heat exchange pipes are arranged in the fermentation cavity, one end of each heat exchange pipe extends out of the fermentation chamber and is connected with an air supply mechanism, and the other end of each heat exchange pipe is positioned in the fermentation chamber. According to the utility model, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged in the fermentation heap, when the temperature in the fermentation heap is too high, the air supply mechanism can be started, the air supply mechanism conveys external cold air into the heat exchange tubes, and the cold air can exchange heat with the fermentation heap, so that the temperature in the fermentation heap is reduced, and the decomposition efficiency of microorganisms on organic matters is ensured. Manual pile turning is not needed, and the labor intensity is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to fermentation equipment field especially a kind of excrement composting fermentation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Livestock breeding can produce a large amount of excrement, which can be used as high-quality organic fertilizer, but usually cannot be directly applied, and must be composted first to kill bacteria, insect eggs and other harmful substances in the excrement. During composting, the optimal fermentation temperature is usually between 50 and 70 degrees Celsius, but as the fermentation proceeds, the temperature will gradually rise, and excessive temperature will affect the decomposition of microorganisms on organic matter, so traditional composting needs to be turned over several times to properly cool down and improve fermentation uniformity. But turning over is troublesome and labor-intensive. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an excrement composting fermentation device that does not require manual turning over, reduces labor intensity, and prevents the temperature in the fermentation pile from being too high.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an excrement composting fermentation device includes a fermentation chamber, one end of the fermentation chamber is provided with a feed inlet, the other end is provided with a discharge outlet, a heat preservation plate is arranged in the fermentation chamber, the heat preservation plate is parallel to the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber, support plates are arranged on both sides of the heat preservation plate, the support plates, the heat preservation plate and the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber form a fermentation cavity; a plurality of heat exchange pipes are arranged in the fermentation cavity, one end of the heat exchange pipe extends out of the fermentation chamber and is connected with a air supply mechanism, the other end is located in the fermentation chamber.

[0005] Further, the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber is inclined, and the discharge outlet is lower than the feed inlet.

[0006] Further, a pushing mechanism is arranged in the fermentation chamber to push the fermentation pile towards the discharge outlet.

[0007] Further, a plurality of strip-shaped holes are arranged on the heat preservation plate, the length direction of the strip-shaped holes is perpendicular to the moving direction of the fermentation pile; the pushing mechanism includes a rotating shaft arranged in the strip-shaped hole, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with a pushing motor, a rectangular through hole is arranged on the rotating shaft, a pushing plate is arranged in the rectangular through hole in sliding fit with the rectangular through hole, and the pushing plate is connected with a lifting mechanism.

[0008] Further, guide columns are fixedly arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft, sliding sleeves are arranged on the guide columns in sliding fit with the guide columns, and the upper end of the pushing plate is fixedly connected with the sliding sleeves; a cross beam is arranged at the top of the guide column, and the lifting mechanism is mounted on the cross beam.

[0009] Further, the lifting mechanism is a pneumatic cylinder.

[0010] Further, the lower end of the pushing plate is provided with a plurality of pushing tooth plates, and the length direction of the heat exchange pipe is parallel to the moving direction of the fermentation pile, and the heat exchange pipe is located in the interval between the adjacent two pushing tooth plates.

[0011] Further, the air feeding mechanism is a fan or an air pump.

[0012] Further, the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe is provided with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor and the air feeding mechanism are both connected with a controller.

[0013] Further, the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber is provided with a liquid discharge groove, and the groove opening of the liquid discharge groove is provided with a filter screen.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present application is provided with a plurality of heat exchange pipes inside the fermentation pile, when the internal temperature of the fermentation pile is too high, the air feeding mechanism can be started, the air feeding mechanism can send the cold air outside to the heat exchange pipe, the cold air can exchange heat with the fermentation pile, the internal temperature of the fermentation pile is reduced, and the decomposition efficiency of the microorganism on the organic matter is ensured. The present application does not need manual pile turning, and the labor intensity is reduced.

[0015] The surface layer of the traditional fermentation pile is exposed, the temperature of the surface layer is low, and the fermentation is difficult to be sufficient, the present application can heat preservation for the surface layer of the fermentation pile through the heat preservation plate, the temperature difference between the surface layer and the inside of the fermentation pile is reduced, and the uniformity of the fermentation is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the front view of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the enlarged schematic view of the pushing mechanism;

[0018] Figure 3 is the side view of the fermentation chamber;

[0019] Fig. 1 is a fermentation chamber; 2 is an inlet; 3 is an outlet; 4 is a heat preservation plate; 5 is a supporting plate; 6 is a heat exchange pipe; 7 is an air feeding mechanism; 8 is a rotating shaft; 9 is a pushing motor; 10 is a pushing plate; 11 is a lifting mechanism; 12 is a guide column; 13 is a sliding sleeve; 14 is a cross beam; 15 is a pushing tooth plate; 16 is a temperature sensor; 17 is a controller; 18 is a liquid discharge groove; 19 is a filter screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0021] The present application is a feces composting fermentation device, likeFigure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the fermentation chamber 1 can adopt a metal box body, or a concrete or brick chamber body, which has a cuboid shape and is internally provided with a cavity. One end of the fermentation chamber 1 is provided with a feeding port 2 for placing the manure to be fermented, and the other end is provided with a discharging port 3 for discharging the organic fertilizer obtained by fermentation.

[0022] The fermentation chamber 1 is internally provided with a heat preservation plate 4, which can adopt a metal plate, and the upper surface of the metal plate is provided with a heat preservation layer, which can adopt common materials such as heat preservation cotton. The heat preservation plate 4 is parallel to the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber 1, and the two sides of the heat preservation plate 4 are provided with support plates 5, which are vertically arranged and have a proper spacing with the side walls of the fermentation chamber 1. The heat preservation plate 4 can be detachably connected with the support plates 5. The outer side walls of the support plates 5 can also be provided with heat preservation layers to improve the heat preservation effect. The support plates 5, the heat preservation plate 4 and the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber 1 enclose a fermentation cavity, in which the manure is composted and fermented. A plurality of heat exchange pipes 6 are arranged in the fermentation cavity, which can adopt pipes with high heat conductivity such as stainless steel pipes and aluminum pipes. One end of the heat exchange pipes 6 extends out of the fermentation chamber 1 and is connected with a air blowing mechanism 7, which can adopt common devices such as fans and air pumps. The other end of the heat exchange pipes 6 is located in the fermentation chamber 1.

[0023] During the fermentation of the manure, the heat exchange pipes 6 are located in the interior of the fermentation pile, and the heat exchange pipes 6 are located at the middle position of the fermentation pile, that is, the distance from the heat exchange pipes 6 to the top and bottom of the fermentation pile is basically equal. When the temperature inside the fermentation pile is too high, the air blowing mechanism 7 is started to send the cold air outside to the interior of the heat exchange pipes 6. The cold air flows along the heat exchange pipes 6 and exchanges heat with the outside fermentation pile, which can reduce the temperature inside the fermentation pile and make the temperature of the fermentation pile in a proper range.

[0024] The outlet end of the heat exchange pipes 6 is located in the fermentation chamber 1, and the top of the side wall or the top wall of the fermentation chamber 1 can be provided with a ventilation port. The air discharged from the heat exchange pipes 6 enters the fermentation chamber 1 and is then discharged through the ventilation port, which can promote the air circulation of the fermentation chamber 1 and prevent the harmful gas generated by fermentation from gathering to cause safety accidents.

[0025] The utility model does not need manual turning of the fermentation pile, which reduces the labor intensity. In addition, by arranging the support plates 5 and the heat exchange pipes 6, the surface of the fermentation pile is heat preserved to prevent the surface temperature of the fermentation pile from being too low to affect the fermentation effect, so that the fermentation pile has a better fermentation temperature inside and on the surface, and the uniformity of fermentation can be ensured without turning the pile.

[0026] In order to facilitate the fermented organic fertilizer to be discharged from the fermentation chamber 1, the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber 1 is inclinedly arranged, and the discharge port 3 is lower than the feeding port 2. When discharging, the fermentation pile can be moved more labor-savingly. The discharge port 3 and the feeding port 2 can be provided with openable and closable doors, which are closed during the fermentation process. When feeding or discharging is needed, the doors can be opened.

[0027] The completed feces can be manually discharged. In order to reduce labor intensity and realize continuous fermentation, a pushing mechanism for pushing the fermentation pile to move towards the discharge port 3 is arranged in the fermentation chamber 1. Every certain period of time, the pushing mechanism pushes the fermentation pile to move, and the feces close to the discharge port 3 and completed fermentation are discharged, and at the same time, space is created near the feeding port 2, and fresh feces are added into the fermentation chamber 1.

[0028] A plurality of strip-shaped holes are arranged on the heat preservation plate 4, and the length direction of the strip-shaped holes is perpendicular to the moving direction of the fermentation pile. The pushing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft 8 arranged in the strip-shaped hole. One end of the rotating shaft 8 is connected with a pushing motor 9. The pushing motor 9 can be a speed reducer. A rectangular through hole is arranged on the rotating shaft 8, and a pushing plate 10 in sliding fit with the rectangular through hole is arranged in the rectangular through hole. The pushing plate 10 is connected with a lifting mechanism 11. The two ends of the rotating shaft 8 are fixedly provided with guide columns 12. The lower ends of the guide columns 12 can be welded on the rotating shaft 8. The guide columns 12 are provided with sliding sleeves 13 in sliding fit with the guide columns 12. The upper end of the pushing plate 10 is fixedly connected with the sliding sleeves 13. The top of the guide column 12 is provided with a cross beam 14. The lifting mechanism 11 is installed on the cross beam 14.

[0029] The lifting mechanism 11 can drive the pushing plate 10 to move up and down, and can adopt a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or the like. The pushing motor 9 can drive the rotating shaft 8 to rotate. When the rotating shaft 8 rotates, the pushing plate 10 is synchronously rotated. The operation process of the pushing mechanism is as follows:

[0030] In the initial state, the lower end of the pushing plate 10 is located at the rectangular through hole of the rotating shaft 8. The pushing motor 9 drives the rotating shaft 8 and the pushing plate 10 to rotate by a certain angle, so that the lower end of the pushing plate 10 is located at the feeding port 2. Figure 2 Taking the view direction shown in the drawing as an example, the rotating shaft 8 is controlled to rotate clockwise by a certain angle, so that the lower end of the pushing plate 10 rotates towards the direction of the feeding port 2.

[0031] Then the lifting mechanism 11 pushes the pushing plate 10 to move downwards, and the pushing plate 10 is inserted into the fermentation pile. Then the pushing motor 9 drives the rotating shaft 8 and the pushing plate 10 to reverse by a certain angle, so that the lower end of the pushing plate 10 is located at the discharge port 3. Figure 2 Taking the view direction shown in the drawing as an example, the rotating direction of the rotating shaft 8 is counterclockwise. When the pushing plate 10 rotates, the lower end moves towards the direction of the discharge port 3, that is, the fermentation pile can be pushed to move towards the direction of the discharge port 3.

[0032] After the pushing is completed, the lifting mechanism 11 pushes the pushing plate 10 to move upward, and the pushing plate 10 returns to the initial position.

[0033] The plurality of pushing mechanisms can be operated in sequence, that is, the pushing mechanism close to the discharge port 3 is operated first, the pushing mechanism of the discharge port 3 is operated later, and after all the pushing mechanisms are operated once, the entire fermentation pile is pushed to move a certain distance.

[0034] Since the plurality of heat exchange pipes 6 are arranged in the fermentation cavity, in order to prevent the pushing force from being transmitted to the heat exchange pipes 6 during pushing and causing adverse effects on the heat exchange pipes 6, the utility model is provided with a plurality of pushing toothed plates 15 at the lower end of the pushing plate 10, the pushing toothed plate 15 is a rectangular plate, during pushing, the pushing toothed plate 15 is inserted into the fermentation pile, and the pushing plate 10 does not enter the fermentation pile. There is a spacing between the adjacent two pushing toothed plates 15, the width of the spacing is slightly greater than the outer diameter of the heat exchange pipe 6, the length direction of the heat exchange pipe 6 is parallel to the moving direction of the fermentation pile, and the heat exchange pipe 6 is located in the spacing between the adjacent two pushing toothed plates 15. When the fermentation pile moves, the direction of the pushing force is consistent with the moving direction, and the moving direction is consistent with the axial direction of the heat exchange pipe 6, so that there is only friction between the fermentation pile and the heat exchange pipe 6, and the pushing force is not transmitted to the heat exchange pipe 6, so that the stability and safety of the heat exchange pipe 6 can be ensured.

[0035] In order to accurately grasp the temperature inside the fermentation pile, the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe 6 is provided with a temperature sensor 16, and the temperature sensor 16 and the air supply mechanism 7 are both connected with a controller 17. The temperature sensor 16 monitors the temperature inside the fermentation pile in real time, and transmits the monitoring result to the controller 17, and the controller 17 controls the start and stop of the air supply mechanism 7 according to the monitoring result, so as to realize automatic control. The controller 17 can adopt existing common control elements such as PLC, and can be installed above the heat preservation plate 4, the temperature sensor 16 is connected with the controller 17 through a cable, in order to facilitate the arrangement of the cable, a vertical threading pipe can be arranged on the heat preservation plate 4, the temperature sensor 16 is arranged at the top of the heat exchange pipe 6, one end of the cable is connected with the controller 17, and the other end penetrates through the threading pipe and is connected with the temperature sensor 16, so that the cable can be protected.

[0036] During the compost fermentation process, microorganisms decompose organic matter in feces, which produces water. In order to avoid the water from depositing at the bottom of the fermentation pile and affecting the fermentation effect, the utility model is provided with a drainage groove 18 on the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber 1, the groove of the drainage groove 18 is provided with a filter screen 19, and the filter screen 19 adopts a steel wire mesh. The excess water can enter the drainage groove 18, and then flow out of the fermentation chamber 1 along the drainage groove 18.

[0037] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A manure composting fermentation device comprising a fermentation chamber (1), characterized in that: One end of the fermentation chamber (1) is provided with a feeding port (2), the other end is provided with a discharging port (3), the fermentation chamber (1) is provided with a heat preservation plate (4), the heat preservation plate (4) is parallel to the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber (1), both sides of the heat preservation plate (4) are provided with a support plate (5), the support plate (5), the heat preservation plate (4) and the bottom wall of the fermentation chamber (1) form a fermentation cavity; a plurality of heat exchange pipes (6) are arranged in the fermentation cavity, one end of the heat exchange pipe (6) extends out of the fermentation chamber (1) and is connected with a air supply mechanism (7), the other end is located in the fermentation chamber (1).

2. The excrement composting and fermenting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom wall of the fermentation chamber (1) is inclined, and the discharging port (3) is lower than the feeding port (2).

3. The feces composting fermentation apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The fermentation chamber (1) is provided with a pushing mechanism for pushing the fermentation pile towards the discharging port (3).

4. The feces composting fermentation apparatus of claim 3, wherein: A plurality of strip-shaped holes are arranged on the heat preservation plate (4), the length direction of the strip-shaped hole is perpendicular to the moving direction of the fermentation pile; the pushing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (8) arranged in the strip-shaped hole, one end of the rotating shaft (8) is connected with a pushing motor (9), a rectangular through hole is arranged on the rotating shaft (8), a pushing plate (10) is arranged in the rectangular through hole in sliding fit with the rectangular through hole, the pushing plate (10) is connected with a lifting mechanism (11).

5. The feces composting fermentation apparatus of claim 4, wherein: Both ends of the rotating shaft (8) are fixedly provided with a guide column (12), a sliding sleeve (13) is arranged on the guide column (12) in sliding fit with the guide column (12), the upper end of the pushing plate (10) is fixedly connected with the sliding sleeve (13); the top of the guide column (12) is provided with a cross beam (14), and the lifting mechanism (11) is installed on the cross beam (14).

6. The feces composting fermentation apparatus of claim 5, wherein: The lifting mechanism (11) is a gas cylinder.

7. The feces composting fermentation apparatus of claim 4, wherein: The lower end of the pushing plate (10) is provided with a plurality of pushing tooth plates (15), the adjacent two pushing tooth plates (15) have a spacing, the length direction of the heat exchange pipe (6) is parallel to the moving direction of the fermentation pile, and the heat exchange pipe (6) is located in the spacing between the adjacent two pushing tooth plates (15).

8. The feces composting fermentation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The air supply mechanism (7) is a fan or an air pump.

9. The feces composting fermentation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: A temperature sensor (16) is arranged on the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe (6), and the temperature sensor (16) and the air supply mechanism (7) are connected with a controller (17).

10. The feces composting fermentation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The bottom wall of the fermentation chamber (1) is provided with a drainage groove (18), and the groove opening of the drainage groove (18) is provided with a filter screen (19).

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