Coal tar hydrogenation fractionation device
By introducing a superheated steam distributor and a rotary stirring system into the coal tar hydrodistillation unit, the problem of insufficient bottom temperature of the distillation tower was solved, the distillation effect and oil yield were improved, and the production of dry gas was reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520106011.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-16
AI Technical Summary
In existing coal tar hydrofractionation units, the bottom temperature of the fractionation tower cannot rise to the design operating temperature, resulting in a large amount of unconverted oil and severe entrainment of diesel components, which affects the oil yield and the load of the cracking system, and generates a large amount of dry gas.
The system adopts a structure consisting of a pressure reducing furnace, a primary distillation tower, and a fractionation tower. It is combined with No. 1 and No. 2 superheated steam pipes, a superheated steam distributor, tower plates, a rotating motor, and a heating mechanism. The superheated steam distributor connects the steam to the bottom of the fractionation tower. The rotating motor drives the rotating rod and scraper to stir the mixture. The heating mechanism heats and stirs the coal tar at the bottom of the fractionation tower, thereby improving the fractionation effect.
By reducing the partial pressure of oil and gas in the fractionation tower, the oil vaporization rate is increased, the fractionation effect is enhanced, the tower plate blockage is avoided, and the oil yield and system efficiency are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223723077U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal tar fractionation, and particularly relates to a coal tar hydrogenation fractionation device. BACKGROUND
[0002] The tower bottom temperature is the main basis for measuring the evaporation amount of the material in the tower. The higher the temperature, the greater the evaporation amount; if the temperature is too high, it may even cause entrainment, making the dry point of the side-line product too high and the color too dark. However, when the tower bottom temperature is low, the reasonable components cannot be evaporated, the product quality is light, and the quality of each side-line product and the load of the tower bottom equipment are affected. At present, the tower bottom temperature of the fractionation tower cannot be raised to the design operating temperature due to the load of the heating furnace, which leads to the analysis of the distillation range of the unconverted oil at the bottom of the hydrogenation fractionation tower, serious entrainment of diesel components (50%), large amount of unconverted oil, high load of the cracking system, and a large amount of dry gas generated after secondary processing, which results in low overall yield of oil products. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model discloses to the defects and insufficient of prior art, provide a kind of coal tar hydrogenation fractionation device of reasonable design, convenient to use, can effectively solve the defects of above-mentioned prior art.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: it contains vacuum furnace, primary distillation tower and fractionation tower;The side of the vacuum furnace is provided with the primary distillation tower, the primary distillation tower is connected with the vacuum furnace by a superheated steam pipe, and the side of the primary distillation tower is provided with the fractionation tower;It also contains:
[0005] Second superheated steam pipe, the second superheated steam pipe is inserted through the lower side of the outer ring wall of the fractionation tower, the other end of the second superheated steam pipe is connected with the first superheated steam pipe, and a superheated steam distributor is arranged on one end of the second superheated steam pipe adjacent to the first superheated steam pipe;
[0006] Tower plate, the tower plate is a plurality of, and it is equidistantly fixed and arranged in the inside of the fractionation tower, the lower side wall of the fractionation tower is inserted through and fixed with a discharge pipe, and the upper end of the discharge pipe is arranged on the same plane with the inner bottom wall of the fractionation tower;
[0007] Rotary motor, the rotary motor is fixed on the outer top wall of the fractionation tower, a rotating rod is fixed on the output shaft of the rotary motor, the rotating rod is rotatably connected through a bearing and then suspended on the lower side of the inside of the fractionation tower;
[0008] Heating mechanism, the heating mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the inside of the fractionation tower, and the heating mechanism is connected with the rotating rod.
[0009] Through the technical scheme, the hydrogen heated by the reducing furnace enters the primary distillation tower through the first superheated steam pipe, enters the second superheated steam pipe through the superheated steam distributor, enters the fractionating tower through the second superheated steam pipe, and the coal tar in the primary distillation tower and the fractionating tower is fractionated through different temperatures; in the fractionating process, the rotating motor is started, the rotating motor drives the rotating rod to rotate, the rotating rod drives the heating mechanism to rotate in the rotating process, the coal tar at the bottom of the fractionating tower can be heated in the rotating process, and the coal tar at the bottom of the fractionating tower can be stirred in the heating process, and the fractionating effect is improved.
[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, the upper and lower sides of the tray are provided with scrapers, the scrapers are arranged in abutment with the inner ring wall of the fractionating tower, and the scrapers are connected with the rotating rod through support rods;
[0011] Through the technical scheme, the rotating rod drives the scrapers to rotate through the support rods in the rotating process, and the scrapers can scrape off the materials on the inner wall of the fractionating tower in the rotating process.
[0012] As a further improvement of the utility model, the lower surface of the tray is provided with impurity collecting boxes in abutment, the impurity collecting boxes are of an open-top structure, a strip-shaped groove is arranged on one side wall of the impurity collecting box, and the impurity collecting box is fixed on the rotating rod;
[0013] Through the technical scheme, the bottom wall of the tray can be cleaned by the impurity collecting box in the rotating process of the rotating rod, and the cleaned impurities enter the impurity collecting box.
[0014] As a further improvement of the utility model, the heating mechanism comprises:
[0015] The connecting pipe is arranged in an inverted "L" shape, the vertical pipe of the connecting pipe is connected to the side of the fractionating tower adjacent to the second superheated steam pipe, the horizontal pipe of the connecting pipe is fixed with a connecting ring after penetrating through the ring wall of the fractionating tower, and the connecting ring is sleeved on the lower end of the rotating rod;
[0016] The rotating frame is two, and the rotating frame is arranged in a "Z" shape, the horizontal edge of the upper side of the rotating frame is inserted into the lower end of the rotating rod, the lower end of the rotating rod is provided with a connecting cavity, the connecting cavity is arranged in penetration with the cavity in the rotating frame, and the annular cavity in the inner ring wall of the connecting ring is arranged in penetration with the opening in the ring wall of the connecting cavity;
[0017] The one-way valve is a plurality of, and the one-way valves are embedded and fixed in the holes in the two side walls of the rotating frame at equal intervals and in equal amounts;
[0018] Through the technical scheme, the steam in the second superheated steam pipe enters the connecting ring through the connecting pipe, then enters the rotating frame through the connecting cavity, and finally is discharged through the opening on the rotating frame, and the opening is uniformly provided with a one-way valve, so that the coal tar can be prevented from flowing back to the rotating frame.
[0019] As a further improvement of the utility model, the one superheated steam pipe, the second superheated steam pipe and the connecting pipe are sleeved with a heat preservation sleeve on one end outside the distributing pipe.
[0020] Through the technical scheme, the one superheated steam pipe, the second superheated steam pipe and the connecting pipe can be heat preserved through the heat preservation sleeve, so that heat loss is avoided.
[0021] As a further improvement of the utility model, the upper and lower sides of the inner ring wall of the connecting ring are fixed with sealing rings, and the inner ring wall of the sealing ring is matched and arranged in abutment with the outer ring wall of the rotating rod.
[0022] Through the technical scheme, the sealing property between the connecting ring and the rotating rod can be improved, so that the coal tar can be prevented from entering the rotating rod through the gap between the connecting ring and the rotating rod.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that the coal tar hydrogenation fractionating device has the advantages of reasonable arrangement, low manufacturing cost and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model.
[0025] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the fractionating tower, the tray, the rotating rod and the heating mechanism in the utility model.
[0026] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of A part in the utility model.
[0027] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the heating mechanism in the utility model.
[0028] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0029] The vacuum furnace 1, the preliminary distillation tower 2, the fractionating tower 3, the first superheated steam pipe 4, the second superheated steam pipe 5, the superheated steam distributor 6, the tray 7, the discharge pipe 8, the rotating motor 9, the rotating rod 10, the connecting cavity 10-1, the heating mechanism 11, the connecting pipe 11-1, the connecting ring 11-2, the rotating frame 11-3, the one-way valve 11-4, the scraper 12, the impurity collecting box 13, the strip-shaped groove 13-1, the heat preservation sleeve 14 and the sealing ring 15. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments described are only examples. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0031] Example 1:
[0032] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment includes a vacuum furnace 1, a primary distillation column 2, and a fractionation column 3; the primary distillation column 2 is located on the right side of the vacuum furnace 1, and the primary distillation column 2 is connected to the vacuum furnace 1 via a first superheated steam pipe 4; the fractionation column 3 is located on the right side of the primary distillation column 2; it also includes:
[0033] The second superheated steam pipe 5 is inserted through and below the left side of the outer ring wall of the fractionation tower 3. The left end of the second superheated steam pipe 5 is connected to the first superheated steam pipe 4, and a superheated steam distributor 6 is provided on the end of the second superheated steam pipe 5 adjacent to the first superheated steam pipe 4.
[0034] The tower plate 7, there are several tower plates 7, and they are welded and fixed inside the fractionation tower 3 at equal intervals. The discharge pipe 8 is inserted through and welded to the lower side wall of the fractionation tower 3. The upper end of the discharge pipe 8 is set in the same plane as the inner bottom wall of the fractionation tower 3.
[0035] The rotating motor 9 is fixed to the outer top wall of the fractionation tower 3 by bolts. A rotating rod 10 is fixed on the output shaft of the rotating motor 9. The rotating rod 10 passes through several tower plates 7 by bearing screws and is suspended on the lower side inside the fractionation tower 3.
[0036] Heating mechanism 11 is located on the lower side inside the fractionation tower 3 and is connected to rotating rod 10. Scrapers 12 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the tower plate 7. The scrapers 12 are engaged with the inner ring wall of the fractionation tower 3 and are connected to the rotating rod 10 through a support rod. During the rotation of the rotating rod 10, the scrapers 12 are driven to rotate through the support rod. During the rotation, the scrapers 12 can scrape off the material on the inner wall of the fractionation tower 3.
[0037] Impurity collection boxes 13 are attached to the lower surface of the tray 7. The impurity collection boxes 13 have an open structure on the upper side, and a strip groove 13-1 is provided on one side wall of the impurity collection box 13. The impurity collection box 13 is fixed on the rotating rod 10. During the rotation of the rotating rod 10, the bottom wall of the tray 7 can be cleaned through the impurity collection box 13, and the cleaned impurities enter the impurity collection box 13.
[0038] Example 2:
[0039] Referring to Figures 1-2 、 Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1, the heating mechanism 11 comprises:
[0040] A connecting pipe 11-1 is arranged in an inverted "L" shape, the vertical pipe of the connecting pipe 11-1 is connected to the second superheated steam pipe 5 adjacent to one side of the fractionating tower 3, the horizontal pipe of the connecting pipe 11-1 penetrates the ring wall of the fractionating tower 3, and a connecting ring 11-2 is fixed thereon, the connecting ring 11-2 is sleeved on the lower end of the rotating rod 10, the upper and lower sides of the inner ring wall of the connecting ring 11-2 are both fixedly attached with a sealing ring 15, the inner ring wall of the sealing ring 15 is arranged in cooperation with the outer ring wall of the rotating rod 10, which can increase the sealing property between the connecting ring 11-2 and the rotating rod 10, so as to avoid the coal tar entering the rotating rod 10 through the gap between the connecting ring 11-2 and the rotating rod 10, the first superheated steam pipe 4, the second superheated steam pipe 5 and the connecting pipe 11-1 are all sleeved with a heat preservation sleeve 14 on the outer side of the one end of the distribution pipe, the heat preservation sleeve 14 can be used to preserve the heat of the first superheated steam pipe 4, the second superheated steam pipe 5 and the connecting pipe 11-1, so as to avoid the loss of heat;
[0041] A rotating frame 11-3 is arranged in a "Z" shape, the horizontal edge of the upper side of the rotating frame 11-3 is inserted into the lower end of the rotating rod 10, the lower end of the rotating rod 10 is provided with a connecting cavity 1001, the connecting cavity 10-1 is arranged in cooperation with the cavity inside the rotating frame 11-3, and the annular cavity on the inner ring wall of the connecting ring 11-2 is arranged in cooperation with the opening on the ring wall of the connecting cavity 10-1;
[0042] A number of one-way valves 11-4 are embedded and fixed in the openings on the two side walls of the rotating frame 11-3.
[0043] In use of the utility model, hydrogen after heating through the pressure reducing furnace 1 enters the primary distillation tower 2 through the no. 1 superheated steam pipe 4, simultaneously enters the no. 2 superheated steam pipe 5 through the distribution of the superheated steam distributor 6, enters the fractional distillation tower 3 through the no. 2 superheated steam pipe 5, and the coal tar in the primary distillation tower 2 and the fractional distillation tower 3 is fractionated through different temperatures, in the process of fractionation, the rotating motor 9 is started, the rotating motor 9 drives the rotating rod 10 to rotate, the rotating rod 10 drives the rotating frame 11-3 to rotate in the process of rotating, the steam in the no. 2 superheated steam pipe 5 enters the connecting ring 11-2 through the connecting pipe 11-1, then enters the rotating frame 11-3 through the connecting cavity 10-1, and finally is discharged through the opening on the rotating frame 11-3, and the opening is uniformly provided with the one-way valve 11-4, can avoid the coal tar backflow to the rotating frame 11-3, can heat the coal tar at the bottom of the fractional distillation tower 3 in the process of rotating, and can stir the coal tar at the bottom of the fractional distillation tower 3 in the process of heating, improve the fractionation effect.
[0044] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects as follows:
[0045] 1, through the superheated steam distributor 6, the superheated steam is connected to the blowing port at the bottom of the fractional distillation tower 3, the oil gas partial pressure in the fractional distillation tower 3 is reduced, and the oil product gasification rate is improved;
[0046] 2, the heating mechanism 11 connected with the rotating rod 10 is arranged at the lower side in the fractional distillation tower 3, in the process of rotating of the rotating rod 10, the superheated steam can be sprayed to the lower side in the fractional distillation tower 3 through the rotating frame 11-3 in the heating mechanism 11, and the fractionation effect is improved;
[0047] 3, the impurity collecting box 13 is arranged at the lower side of the tray 7, and through the rotation of the rotating rod 10, the impurity collecting box 13 can clean the bottom of the tray 7, avoiding the phenomenon that the tray 7 is blocked;
[0048] 4, the scraper 12 connected with the rotating rod 10 is abutted on the inner ring wall of the fractional distillation tower 3, when the rotating rod 10 rotates, the scraper 12 can scrape off the material adhered on the inner ring wall of the fractional distillation tower 3, facilitating the later cleaning.
[0049] For those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, equivalent replacement of part of technical features, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A coal tar hydrofrraction apparatus comprising a vacuum furnace (1), a preliminary distillation column (2) and a distillation column (3); one side of the vacuum furnace (1) is provided with the preliminary distillation column (2), the preliminary distillation column (2) is connected with the vacuum furnace (1) through a No. 1 superheated steam pipe (4), one side of the preliminary distillation column (2) is provided with the distillation column (3); characterized in that: It also contains: The second superheated steam pipe (5) is inserted through the lower side of the outer ring wall of the fractionating tower (3), the other end of the second superheated steam pipe (5) is connected with the first superheated steam pipe (4), and the superheated steam distributor (6) is arranged on the end of the second superheated steam pipe (5) adjacent to the first superheated steam pipe (4); The tower plate (7) is fixedly arranged in the interior of the fractionating tower (3), the discharge pipe (8) is inserted through and fixed on the lower side wall of the fractionating tower (3), and the upper end of the discharge pipe (8) is arranged in the same plane as the inner bottom wall of the fractionating tower (3); The rotating motor (9) is fixed on the outer top wall of the fractionating tower (3), the output shaft of the rotating motor (9) is fixed with the rotating rod (10), the rotating rod (10) is rotatably connected through the bearing and then suspended in the lower side of the interior of the fractionating tower (3); The heating mechanism (11) is arranged on the lower side of the interior of the fractionating tower (3) and connected with the rotating rod (10).
2. A coal tar hydrocracking and fractionation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower sides of the tower plate (7) are provided with the scraper (12) which is arranged in abutment with the inner ring wall of the fractionating tower (3) and connected with the rotating rod (10) through the support rod.
3. A coal tar hydrofmiting fractionation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the tower plate (7) is in abutment with the impurity collecting box (13) which is of an open-top structure and provided with the strip-shaped groove (13-1) on one side wall and fixed on the rotating rod (10).
4. A coal tar hydrofmiting fractionation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism (11) comprises: The connecting pipe (11-1) is arranged in an inverted "L" shape, the vertical pipe of the connecting pipe (11-1) is connected with the second superheated steam pipe (5) adjacent to one side of the fractionating tower (3), the horizontal pipe of the connecting pipe (11-1) is fixed with the connecting ring (11-2) after penetrating through the ring wall of the fractionating tower (3), the connecting ring (11-2) is sleeved on the lower end of the rotating rod (10); The rotating frame (11-3) is arranged in a "Z" shape, the horizontal edge of the upper side of the rotating frame (11-3) is inserted into the lower end of the rotating rod (10), the connecting cavity (10-1) is arranged in the lower end of the rotating rod (10), the connecting cavity (10-1) is arranged in penetration with the cavity in the interior of the rotating frame (11-3), the annular cavity in the inner ring wall of the connecting ring (11-2) is arranged in penetration with the opening in the ring wall of the connecting cavity (10-1); The one-way valve (11-4) is arranged in the opening in the two side walls of the rotating frame (11-3).
5. A coal tar hydrofmiting fractionation apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first superheated steam pipe (4), the second superheated steam pipe (5) and the connecting pipe (11-1) are sleeved with the heat preservation sleeve (14) on one end outside the distribution pipe.
6. A coal tar hydrofmiting fractionation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: The upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the connecting ring (11-2) are fixed with sealing rings (15), and the inner wall of the sealing ring (15) is matched and abuts against the outer wall of the rotating rod (10).