Membrane electrode and fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a membrane electrode and a fuel cell, the membrane electrode comprises: an anode frame assembly, the anode frame assembly is an integrally formed structure, and the anode frame assembly is provided with a gas exchange area and a gas delivery hole which are arranged in a penetrating manner; and the cathode frame assembly comprises a first splicing structure and a second splicing structure, the first splicing structure corresponds to the gas exchange area and is attached to the anode frame assembly, and the second splicing structure corresponds to the gas conveying hole and is attached to the anode frame assembly. According to the technical scheme, the problem that in the membrane electrode machining process in the prior art, the cost is high due to the fact that the utilization rate of frame membrane raw materials is low is effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a membrane electrode and a fuel cell. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fuel cells are gradually receiving widespread attention as a high-efficiency, environmentally friendly energy conversion technology. They have the advantages of high efficiency, cleanliness, low noise, zero emissions, etc., and have become an important development direction in the future energy field under the background of growing energy demand and increasing environmental protection awareness.

[0003] The membrane electrode is the site of electrochemical reactions in a fuel cell, and a large amount of heat and water is generated during the reaction process, making it one of the core components of the stack.

[0004] In the prior art, the frame film in the membrane electrode is mainly plastic material, and in the preparation process, the required holes are usually cut out on a whole plastic film to form a frame structure, and the cut-off part becomes waste, so the utilization rate of the plastic film is low, and the cost of the frame film is high, such as CN216597659U. Practical new type content

[0005] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present application is the high cost caused by the low utilization rate of the frame film raw material in the membrane electrode processing process.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a membrane electrode and a fuel cell.

[0007] The membrane electrode provided by the present application comprises: an anode frame assembly, the anode frame assembly being an integral molding structure, the anode frame assembly having a gas exchange area and a gas delivery hole; a cathode frame assembly, the cathode frame assembly comprising a first splicing structure and a second splicing structure, the first splicing structure being arranged corresponding to the gas exchange area and being attached to the anode frame assembly, and the second splicing structure being arranged corresponding to the gas delivery hole and being attached to the anode frame assembly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first splicing structure comprises a plurality of first splicing parts, and the plurality of first splicing parts are sequentially attached to the anode frame assembly.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first splicing structure comprises a plurality of first splicing parts, and the plurality of first splicing parts are sequentially attached to the anode frame assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, each first splicing structure comprises a plurality of first splicing parts, and the positions of the first splicing parts of adjacent layers of first splicing structures in the vertical direction are staggered.

[0011] In some embodiments, the length of the first splicing part is greater than 10 mm and less than 30 mm.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first splicing part comprises a plastic layer and an adhesive layer, one side of the adhesive layer is bonded with the plastic layer, and the other side of the adhesive layer is bonded with other first splicing parts or the anode frame assembly.

[0013] In some embodiments, the membrane electrode further comprises a proton exchange membrane, the proton exchange membrane is arranged between the cathode frame assembly and the anode frame assembly, and the proton exchange membrane completely covers the gas exchange area.

[0014] In some embodiments, the membrane electrode further comprises an anode catalytic layer and a cathode catalytic layer, the anode catalytic layer is located on the side of the anode frame assembly away from the cathode frame assembly, and the cathode catalytic layer is located on the side of the cathode frame assembly away from the anode frame assembly.

[0015] In some embodiments, the membrane electrode further comprises an anode gas diffusion layer and a cathode gas diffusion layer, the anode gas diffusion layer is located on the side of the anode catalytic layer away from the anode frame assembly, and the cathode gas diffusion layer is located on the side of the cathode catalytic layer away from the cathode frame assembly.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present application, a fuel cell is also provided, which uses the above-mentioned membrane electrode, and comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate, and the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the membrane electrode and the fuel cell provided by the present application, since the cathode frame assembly is composed of the first splicing structure and the second splicing structure, in the processing process, the first splicing structure and the second splicing structure required on the whole plastic film can be cut to combine into the cathode frame assembly, compared with the way of opening holes on the whole plastic film, the problem of material utilization rate being low due to the waste of large piece of plastic film in the middle area of the cathode frame assembly is avoided. The technical solution of the present application effectively solves the problem of high cost caused by low utilization rate of frame film raw materials in the processing process of the membrane electrode in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating laborious work.

[0019] Figure 1 A front view structural schematic diagram of the membrane electrode disclosed in Embodiment One of the present application is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A front view structural schematic diagram of the first splicing structure of the membrane electrode of Figure 1 is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 a schematic structural view of the second splicing structure of the membrane electrode is shown in FIG. 2B; Figure 1

[0022] Figure 4 a schematic structural view of the anode frame assembly of the membrane electrode is shown in FIG. 3B; Figure 1

[0023] Figure 5 a schematic structural view of the membrane electrode is shown in FIG. 4B; Figure 1

[0024] Figure 6 a schematic structural view of the cathode frame assembly of the membrane electrode disclosed in Embodiment Two of the present application is shown in FIG. 5B.

[0025] Explanation of Reference Signs:

[0026] 10, anode frame assembly; 11, gas exchange area; 12, gas delivery hole; 20, cathode frame assembly; 21, first splicing structure; 211, first splicing part; 22, second splicing structure; 30, proton exchange membrane; 40, anode catalytic layer; 50, cathode catalytic layer; 60, anode gas diffusion layer; 70, cathode gas diffusion layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present application will be further described in conjunction with the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the examples and drawings is provided for exemplary illustration of the principles of the present application, but should not be used to limit the scope of the present application, which can be implemented in many different forms, not limited to the specific embodiments of the present application, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0028] The present application provides these examples in order to make the present application thorough and complete, and fully express the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and values set forth in these examples should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is greater than or equal to two; the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0030] ​​​In addition, "first", "second", and similar terms used in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the allowable range of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the allowable range of error. "Include" or "contain" and similar terms mean that the elements before the word cover the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of also covering other elements.

[0031] It should also be noted that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When it is described that a specific device is located between a first device and a second device, there can be or can not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.

[0032] All terms used in the present application have the same meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or excessively formalized sense, unless specifically defined here.

[0033] Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the techniques, methods, and devices should be considered as part of the specification.

[0034] As shown in Figures 1 to 5 The film electrode disclosed by the embodiment one of the present application comprises: an anode frame assembly 10 and a cathode frame assembly 20. The anode frame assembly 10 is an integral structure, and has a gas exchange area 11 and a gas delivery hole 12. The cathode frame assembly 20 comprises a first splicing structure 21 and a second splicing structure 22. The first splicing structure 21 is arranged corresponding to the gas exchange area 11 and is attached to the anode frame assembly 10. The second splicing structure 22 is arranged corresponding to the gas delivery hole 12 and is attached to the anode frame assembly 10.

[0035] The technical scheme of the application embodiment one, since the cathode frame assembly 20 is combined by the first splicing structure 21 and the second splicing structure 22, in the processing process, the first splicing structure 21 and the second splicing structure 22 required are cut on the whole plastic film, and the cathode frame assembly 20 can be combined, compared with the way of opening holes on the whole plastic film, the problem of material utilization rate being low caused by the waste of the large plastic film in the middle area of the cathode frame assembly 20 is avoided. The technical scheme of the embodiment one effectively solves the problem of high cost caused by the low utilization rate of the frame film raw material in the membrane electrode processing process in the prior art.

[0036] It should be noted that the gas delivery hole 12 includes two groups, and the two groups of gas delivery holes 12 are arranged at two ends of the gas exchange area 11. The first splicing structure 21 is arranged at two sides of the gas exchange area 11, and the second splicing structure 22 is arranged one by one corresponding to the gas delivery hole 12, and also two. There is no obvious gap at the splicing place of the first splicing structure 21 and the second splicing structure 22, so as to ensure that the gas tightness of the membrane electrode is good.

[0037] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 , in the technical scheme of the embodiment one, the first splicing structure 21 includes a plurality of first splicing parts 211, and the plurality of first splicing parts 211 are sequentially attached and arranged on the anode frame assembly 10. The arrangement of the plurality of first splicing parts 211 further reduces the size of the single plastic film, and in the processing process, the waste generated in the processing of the anode frame assembly 10 can be directly utilized, and the cost of the membrane electrode is further reduced. In the splicing process, there is no obvious gap between the adjacent first splicing parts 211, so as to ensure that the gas tightness of the membrane electrode is good.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 , in the technical scheme of the embodiment one, the length of the first splicing part 211 is greater than 10 mm and less than 30 mm. When the length of the first splicing part 211 is less than 10 mm, in order to ensure that the shape and size of the cathode frame assembly 20 after splicing correspond to the anode frame assembly 10, the number of the first splicing part 211 required is more, the splicing process is slower, the production efficiency is lower, and the problem of poor gas tightness is prone to occur; when the length of the first splicing part 211 is greater than 30 mm, the length of the first splicing part 211 is longer, the material utilization rate is lower, and it is not easy to align in the splicing process.

[0039] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, in the technical solution of Embodiment 1, the first splicing part 211 includes a plastic layer and an adhesive layer. One side of the adhesive layer is bonded to the plastic layer, and the other side of the adhesive layer is bonded to other first splicing parts 211 or anode frame assembly 10. The plastic layer can be made of PEN, PI, PPS, or other plastic films, ensuring airtightness while the above materials are stable and not prone to chemical reactions, thus ensuring the stability of the internal reaction of the battery. It should be noted that the second splicing structure 22 uses the same materials as the first splicing structure 21, also including a plastic layer and an adhesive layer, differing only in shape, size, and arrangement.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in the technical solution of Embodiment 1, the membrane electrode further includes a proton exchange membrane 30, which is disposed between the cathode frame assembly 20 and the anode frame assembly 10, and completely covers the gas exchange region 11. The proton exchange membrane 30 is disposed on the anode frame assembly 10, completely covering the gas exchange region 11, and the edge of the proton exchange membrane 30 is located inside the outer edge of the anode frame assembly 10. A first splicing structure 21 is attached to the proton exchange membrane 30 and the anode frame assembly 10, and a second splicing structure 22 is attached to the proton exchange membrane 30 and the anode frame assembly 10, thus fixing the proton exchange membrane 30. The first splicing structure 21 and the second splicing structure 22 completely cover the entire circumference of the proton exchange membrane 30, ensuring the firmness of the proton exchange membrane 30 and good airtightness.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in the technical solution of Embodiment 1, the membrane electrode further includes an anode catalytic layer 40 and a cathode catalytic layer 50. The anode catalytic layer 40 is located on the side of the anode frame assembly 10 away from the cathode frame assembly 20, and the cathode catalytic layer 50 is located on the side of the cathode frame assembly 20 away from the anode frame assembly 10. The anode catalytic layer 40 and the cathode catalytic layer 50 are used to catalyze the electrochemical reactions on both sides, thereby accelerating the reaction process.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in the technical solution of Embodiment 1, the membrane electrode further includes an anode gas diffusion layer 60 and a cathode gas diffusion layer 70. The anode gas diffusion layer 60 is located on the side of the anode catalyst layer 40 away from the anode frame assembly 10, and the cathode gas diffusion layer 70 is located on the side of the cathode catalyst layer 50 away from the cathode frame assembly 20. The anode gas diffusion layer 60 and the cathode gas diffusion layer 70 respectively play important roles in supporting the anode catalyst layer 40 and the cathode catalyst layer 50, collecting current, conducting gas, and discharging the reaction product water.

[0043] like Figure 6As shown, the difference between the technical solution of Embodiment 2 and the technical solution of Embodiment 1 is that the first splicing structure 21 includes multiple first splicing structures 21, which are stacked on top of each other. The arrangement of multiple first splicing structures 21 improves the support of the entire cathode frame assembly 20 and prevents the cathode frame assembly 20 from deforming.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, in the technical solution of Embodiment 2, each first splicing structure 21 includes multiple first splicing parts 211, and the first splicing parts 211 of adjacent layers of first splicing structures 21 are staggered in the vertical direction. The first layer of first splicing structure 21 is bonded to the anode frame assembly 10; the second layer of first splicing structure 21 is bonded to the first layer of first splicing structure 21, and the first splicing parts 211 of the second layer are bonded to the seam between two adjacent first splicing parts 211 of the first layer; the third layer of first splicing structure 21 is bonded to the second layer of first splicing structure 21, and the first splicing parts 211 of the third layer are bonded to the seam between two adjacent first splicing parts 211 of the second layer, and so on. The above structure improves the airtightness of the entire cathode frame assembly 20, and because another first splicing part 211 is correspondingly provided at two adjacent first splicing parts 211, the airtightness is even better.

[0045] According to another aspect of this application, a fuel cell is also provided, which employs the aforementioned membrane electrode assembly (MEA). The fuel cell includes an anode plate and a cathode plate, with the MEA disposed between the anode plate and the cathode plate. The fuel cell employing the aforementioned MEA has lower cost, better internal MEA support, structural stability, and good airtightness.

[0046] In summary, the anode substrate layer (anode frame assembly 10) is a PEN or metal film, and it is a complete frame film, mainly serving as support and cooperating with the sealing gasket to achieve a sealing effect. The cathode splicing layer 1 (second splicing structure 22) is a PEN frame film, and it is cut from a single piece of PEN material without splicing structure. The cathode splicing layer 2 (first splicing structure 21) is a multi-layer PEN splicing, which can be 2, 3, or more layers. The anode substrate layer and the cathode splicing layer are spliced ​​and bonded on the anode substrate layer, and the anode substrate layer and the multi-layer cathode splicing layer are bonded together to form a membrane electrode with a certain degree of support and a multi-layer splicing frame structure. The membrane electrode produced by this structure has good support, outstanding frame strength and durability, and most importantly, it can significantly reduce the cost of the membrane electrode. At the same time, the anode side is hydrogen, and for safety, the frame and sealing gasket require high precision. This application uses an integrated frame for the anode substrate layer. The cathode side is air, which is easier to seal than the hydrogen side and has lower requirements. Therefore, the cathode side adopts a multi-layer support scheme. This design of the cathode frame and anode frame can significantly improve the sealing performance of the anode side.

[0047] So far, the embodiments of the present application have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present application, some details known in the art are not described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions of the present application according to the above description.

[0048] Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration, not for limiting the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified or some technical features can be replaced equivalently without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. A membrane electrode, characterized by, The application relates to a membrane electrode and a fuel cell. The anode frame assembly (10) is an integrally formed structure, and has a gas exchange area (11) and a gas delivery hole (12) penetrating through the anode frame assembly (10). The cathode frame assembly (20) comprises a first splicing structure (21) and a second splicing structure (22), the first splicing structure (21) is arranged on the anode frame assembly (10) in correspondence with the gas exchange area (11), and the second splicing structure (22) is arranged on the anode frame assembly (10) in correspondence with the gas delivery hole (12).

2. The membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first splicing structure (21) comprises a plurality of first splicing parts (211), and the first splicing parts (211) are sequentially arranged on the anode frame assembly (10).

3. The membrane electrode according to claim 1, characterized by The first splicing structure (21) comprises a plurality of first splicing parts (211), and the first splicing parts (211) of adjacent layers of the first splicing structure (21) are arranged in a staggered mode in the vertical direction.

4. The membrane electrode according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the first splicing part (211) is greater than 10 mm and less than 30 mm.

5. The membrane electrode according to claim 2, wherein The first splicing part (211) comprises a plastic layer and an adhesive layer, one side of the adhesive layer is bonded with the plastic layer, and the other side of the adhesive layer is bonded with other first splicing parts (211) or the anode frame assembly (10).

6. The membrane electrode of claim 2, wherein, The membrane electrode further comprises a proton exchange membrane (30), which is arranged between the cathode frame assembly (20) and the anode frame assembly (10) and completely covers the gas exchange area (11).

7. The membrane electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The membrane electrode further comprises an anode catalytic layer (40) and a cathode catalytic layer (50), the anode catalytic layer (40) is located on the side of the anode frame assembly (10) away from the cathode frame assembly (20), and the cathode catalytic layer (50) is located on the side of the cathode frame assembly (20) away from the anode frame assembly (10).

8. The membrane electrode according to claim 7, characterized in that, The membrane electrode further comprises an anode gas diffusion layer (60) and a cathode gas diffusion layer (70), the anode gas diffusion layer (60) is located on the side of the anode catalytic layer (40) away from the anode frame assembly (10), and the cathode gas diffusion layer (70) is located on the side of the cathode catalytic layer (50) away from the cathode frame assembly (20).

9. The membrane electrode according to claim 8, characterized in that The fuel cell adopts the membrane electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises an anode plate and a cathode plate, and the membrane electrode is arranged between the anode plate and the cathode plate.

10. A fuel cell characterized by comprising: ​

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