Wood splitting machine

Abstract

The technical scheme belongs to the technical field of wood splitting devices, and particularly relates to a wood splitting machine which comprises a rack, a baffle, a wood splitting axe, a two-way rapid oil cylinder and a power unit. The two-way quick oil cylinder and the baffle plate are arranged on the rack; the wood breaking axe is installed at the driving end of the two-way rapid oil cylinder, the wood breaking axe is S-shaped, wood can be split more easily, and a working space used for containing the wood is formed among the rack, the baffle and the wood breaking axe; the power unit is integrated on the rack to provide oil pressure for the two-way rapid oil cylinder; the hydraulic control switch valve and the control valve are stacked and integrated into a whole through the two-way rapid oil cylinder. The main beam is arranged on the machine frame, the tail end of the main beam is bent and upwarped, the tail plate is embedded and welded to the tail end of the main beam, the reinforcing plates are arranged on the two sides of the tail plate, the main beam is formed by cutting an integral sectional material, and compared with a traditional main beam formed by welding three plates, machining procedures of the main beam are reduced; and the bent guide plate is additionally arranged between the baffle and the sliding rail on the main beam, so that the strength of the baffle is improved while residual wood grid chippings are conveniently cleaned.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The technical scheme relates to the technical field of wood splitting devices, in particular to a wood splitting machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing wood splitting machine is an important auxiliary equipment in the wood processing industry, mainly divided into vertical and horizontal two series. The core function is to use hydraulic principle to split hard wood such as tree stump, large branch and log section, to meet the size requirement or convert it into other materials.

[0003] When splitting wood, the wood splitting machine needs to provide a huge pushing force, and at the same time, the oil cylinder can quickly extend or retract during non-splitting wood stage or after the wood is split, so as to improve the work efficiency. Therefore, some larger wood splitting machines adopt double pump design to realize this function. The double pump is composed of a low-pressure large pump and a high-pressure small pump in parallel. When the wood splitting machine does not need to split wood, the large pump and the small pump supply oil at the same time, so as to work in the mode of large flow and low pressure, so that the oil cylinder obtains faster speed under smaller pushing force. When large pushing force is needed, the hydraulic oil in the large pump is returned to the oil tank, so as to ensure that the power of the engine is sufficient to meet the needs of the small pump working at high pressure.

[0004] However, according to the related technology in the above, the inventors believe that the existing wood splitting machine still has the following problems:

[0005] 1. When the double pump is used in the non-uniform load working condition, the large pump always operates in the high pressure working state, so that the hydraulic oil pumped into the oil cylinder does not play an actual role, and all the work is useless. In addition, the large pump and the small pump work together, and the whole hydraulic system needs to be equipped with a larger hydraulic oil tank, and the system heating problem is serious.

[0006] 2. The existing wood splitting machine directly connects the guide rail on the main beam with the front baffle, and a hole for removing wood fence debris is arranged at the front end of the main beam. This method not only affects the structural strength of the main beam, but also makes the cleaning work extremely difficult because the wood fence needs to be discharged through the holes, and the effect of discharging the wood fence through the holes is not ideal, and all the residual wood fence cannot be effectively removed.

[0007] 3. The front baffle and the tail plate of the wood splitting machine are made of thick steel plates, which not only makes the whole wood splitting machine heavy, but also the bending strength of the front baffle is not guaranteed, and the strength is insufficient. At the same time, the use of thick steel plates also increases the manufacturing cost of the wood splitting machine, which has a negative impact on production efficiency and cost control. SUMMARY

[0008] The wood splitting machine is characterized in that a hydraulic control one-way valve is arranged on the large piston of the bidirectional fast oil cylinder, so that when the bidirectional fast oil cylinder is in a light load or no load working condition, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity can enter the rodless cavity, thereby only a small pump flow is required to realize the fast pushing out of the piston rod, and the problem of low hydraulic system efficiency and large energy loss caused by large hydraulic system working flow in the prior art is solved.

[0009] Furthermore, the wood splitting machine adopts the bidirectional fast oil cylinder, only a small power and hydraulic system flow are required to operate, so that the system only needs a small oil tank and a matching integrated power unit. In addition, the wood splitting machine is improved and partially reinforced in structure and shape of the main beam and the wood breaking axe, so as to ensure that they can better cooperate with the efficient operation of the bidirectional fast oil cylinder, thereby improving the overall wood splitting performance and efficiency.

[0010] The wood splitting machine is characterized in that a hydraulic control one-way valve is arranged on the large piston of the bidirectional fast oil cylinder, so that when the bidirectional fast oil cylinder is in a light load or no load working condition, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity can enter the rodless cavity, thereby only a small pump flow is required to realize the fast pushing out of the piston rod, and the problem of low hydraulic system efficiency and large energy loss caused by large hydraulic system working flow in the prior art is solved.

[0011] The wood splitting machine is characterized in that a hydraulic control one-way valve is arranged on the large piston of the bidirectional fast oil cylinder, so that when the bidirectional fast oil cylinder is in a light load or no load working condition, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity can enter the rodless cavity, thereby only a small pump flow is required to realize the fast pushing out of the piston rod, and the problem of low hydraulic system efficiency and large energy loss caused by large hydraulic system working flow in the prior art is solved.

[0012] Preferably, the wood breaking axe is S-shaped hawk head-shaped, which comprises a force receiving body, a guide part one and a blade part; the guide part one is horizontally arranged below the force receiving body and the blade part, the force receiving body is vertically arranged above the guide part one, the blade part is arranged on the side of the force receiving body away from the bidirectional quick oil cylinder, and the front end of the blade part is provided with a cutting edge; the upper side of the cutting edge is provided with a fixing part for fixing the wood; the lower half of the cutting edge is provided with a cutting edge part protruding outward, which is used for splitting the wood; the fixing part is farther away from the bidirectional quick oil cylinder than the cutting edge part; an arc-shaped first blade part is formed between the fixing part and the cutting edge part; a second blade part is formed on the lower side of the cutting edge part and is inclined inward.

[0013] Preferably, the main beam is arranged on the frame, the main beam is made of H-shaped steel material, the tail end of the main beam is bent upward, and the tail end of the main beam is embedded and welded with a tail plate, the tail plate is provided with a reinforcing plate on both sides, and the end of the bidirectional quick oil cylinder is mounted on the reinforcing plate and the tail plate.

[0014] Preferably, the main beam is provided with a reinforcing rib plate on both sides, the upper end of the reinforcing rib plate is bent and arranged above the main beam to form a guide rail for the wood breaking axe to slide, and the guide plate is arranged on both sides of the main beam and inclined, the guide plate is located between the guide rail and the baffle, and the guide plate is used for the wood fence to fall from the upper end of the main beam.

[0015] Preferably, the baffle on the side away from the wood breaking axe at the front end of the main beam is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib strips, and the reinforcing rib strips are connected end to end and welded to form a reinforcing ring, and the inner walls of the reinforcing ring are welded through the reinforcing rib strips.

[0016] Preferably, the power unit comprises an engine, an adapter plate, an oil pump and an oil tank; the oil pump is arranged in the oil tank and integrated with the engine through the adapter plate; the engine is connected with the frame; one side of the adapter plate is connected with the engine, and the other side is connected with the oil pump; the oil tank is arranged on the outer circumferential side of the oil pump, and the oil tank is connected with the adapter plate; the oil pump sequentially delivers hydraulic oil into the hydraulic oil cylinder body through the adapter plate and the oil delivery pipeline.

[0017] Preferably, the hydraulic oil cylinder body is provided with a control unit, the control unit is communicated with the power unit through the oil delivery pipeline, the control unit comprises a control valve; the control valve is connected with the oil cylinder front cover plate of the hydraulic oil cylinder body in a plate type, the control valve and the oil cylinder rear cover of the hydraulic oil cylinder body are communicated through two connecting oil pipes, and the control valve is used to control the connecting oil pipes to supply oil to the rodless cavity or the reset area of the quick reset unit respectively.

[0018] Preferably, the control unit or the oil cylinder front cover is integrated with a hydraulic control switch valve, when the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity reaches a set value P, the hydraulic control switch valve makes the rod cavity communicate with the oil return pipeline; the oil cylinder front cover is provided with a second through hole, the rod cavity and the oil return pipeline communicate through the second through hole; the control valve is connected with an oil way plate, the oil way plate is installed on the oil cylinder front cover, and the oil way plate is provided with a third through hole, the oil return pipeline and the second through hole communicate through the third through hole; the hydraulic control switch valve comprises a thrust control top rod valve core, a second steel ball and a second spring; one end of the second spring is connected with the oil way plate, the other end is connected with the second steel ball, and the second steel ball is used for blocking the third through hole; the thrust control top rod valve core is slidably connected in the oil way plate, and the top rod of the thrust control top rod valve core can pass through the third through hole and abut against the second steel ball.

[0019] Preferably, the hydraulic oil cylinder body comprises a cylinder body, an oil cylinder front cover installed on the cylinder body, a cover and a control valve plate-connected with the oil cylinder front cover; the cylinder body comprises an oil cylinder steel pipe and an oil cylinder rear cover, the oil cylinder steel pipe, the oil cylinder rear cover and two connecting oil pipes are welded into one body, the oil cylinder rear cover is provided with a push-out oil hole communicating the rodless cavity and the control valve, and a hollow hole-in inner pull rod communicating the quick reset unit and a retraction oil hole communicating the control valve, and the two connecting oil pipes are inserted into the control valve.

[0020] Preferably, the quick reset unit comprises a hollow hole-in inner pull rod, a small piston, a top rod seat and a top rod assembly; the piston rod is hollow; one end of the hollow hole-in inner pull rod is connected with the oil cylinder rear cover of the hydraulic oil cylinder body, the other end passes through the large piston and extends into the piston rod inner cavity, and the hollow hole-in inner pull rod is slidably connected with the large piston; the large piston is provided with a mounting cavity, the mounting cavity is provided with the top rod seat and the top rod assembly; the middle part of the top rod seat and the top rod assembly forms an oil passage communicating the rod cavity and the hydraulic control one-way valve; the part of the top rod seat near the hydraulic control one-way valve is a second guide part, an auxiliary piston cavity is formed between the side wall of the mounting cavity and the circumferential side of the second guide part, one end of the top rod assembly is arranged in the auxiliary piston cavity and forms a piston part, and the other end of the top rod assembly faces the hydraulic control one-way valve; the small piston is connected with one end of the hollow hole-in inner pull rod, and the circumferential side of the small piston is slidably connected with the piston rod inner cavity wall, the small piston divides the inner cavity of the piston rod into a reset area and a give-up area; the reset area is communicated with the oil way in the hollow hole-in inner pull rod; the piston rod is provided with a control oil hole, the control oil hole is communicated with the reset area, and the control oil hole makes the oil way between the reset area and the auxiliary piston cavity communicated; when the hydraulic oil in the reset area enters the auxiliary piston cavity, the top rod assembly drives the hydraulic control one-way valve to open.

[0021] The technical scheme has the advantages that:

[0022] 1、The hydraulic control one-way valve designed in the technical solution makes the double-way fast oil cylinder in the working condition of light load or no load, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity can enter the rodless cavity, realizing the piston rod is pushed out faster with smaller pump-in flow, which not only reduces the energy consumption of the hydraulic system, realizes environmental protection and energy saving, but also reduces the total demand of hydraulic oil and the transmission and control cost of hydraulic oil, and further reduces the manufacturing cost and use cost of the product; in addition, the high integration design of the double-way fast oil cylinder, simple structure and convenient operation, reduces the manufacturing cost.

[0023] 2、The hydraulic control on-off valve is designed on the control valve, which can be automatically opened or closed with the load change of the double-way fast oil cylinder, realizing the automatic switching of light load fast and heavy load slow working conditions, solving the contradiction of thrust, speed and power under non-uniform load operation, realizing heavy load operation through simple structure, avoiding the high energy consumption and high cost problems brought by double pump and other complex hydraulic systems.

[0024] 3、The technical solution forms a working space for placing wood between the rack, baffle and wood breaking axe; the power unit provides power for the double-way fast oil cylinder; the hydraulic control one-way valve realizes the driving of the piston rod double-way fast operation with smaller hydraulic oil pump-in flow, reduces the idle waiting time in the process of the wood splitting machine operation, improves the work efficiency, the power of the wood splitting machine is reduced but the work efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost, use cost and maintenance cost are reduced.

[0025] 4、The hydraulic oil cylinder body of the technical solution includes a cylinder body, an oil cylinder front cover installed on the cylinder body, an oil cylinder rear cover, two connecting oil pipes, a threaded cover and a control valve; the oil cylinder steel pipe of the cylinder body is welded with the oil cylinder rear cover and the two connecting oil pipes as a whole, the connecting oil pipes are directly inserted into the control valve to realize installation, which simplifies the installation of the oil pipe joint and embodies the overall integration characteristics; at the same time, the control valve and the oil cylinder front cover are connected in a plate type, which is convenient to install and easy to operate, avoiding the complicated installation problem between the oil pipe joint and the control valve.

[0026] 5、The power unit of the wood splitting machine of the technical solution is highly integrated, the oil pump is located in a smaller oil tank, integrated with the engine or motor, which can save the number of oil pipes and avoid the oil leakage problem at the oil pipe connection; at the same time, due to the small hydraulic oil flow required by the hydraulic system, the volume of the oil tank can be reduced, and through the design of the adapter plate, the connecting oil pipe of the existing wood splitting machine is saved, reducing the oil leakage failure, and since the power of the wood splitting machine is not directly related to the size and speed of the thrust, the power unit of the technical solution can adapt to wood splitting machines of various specifications, thereby saving manufacturing and management costs.

[0027] 6. The main beam of the frame in this technical solution is made of H-shaped steel. The tail end of the main beam is bent upward and inlaid with a tail plate. The end of the bidirectional fast oil cylinder is installed on the reinforcing plate and the tail plate. Compared with the existing wood splitter which is entirely welded from steel plates, this solution improves the connection strength, reduces the manufacturing cost, and maintains the overall coordination and aesthetics of the machine by integrally cutting and shaping the profile.

[0028] 7. The main beam of this technical solution is equipped with a guide rail for the wood splitting axe to slide. The guide rail is formed by bending the upper end of the reinforcing rib plate and placing it above the main beam. Compared with the existing wood splitter which uses two long steel plates stacked together, this reduces manufacturing costs.

[0029] 8. A guide plate is provided between the guide rail and the baffle in this technical solution. The guide plate can not only position the wood together with the guide rail, but also guide the falling of the wood chips.

[0030] 9. The wood-splitting axe of this technical solution is S-shaped like an eagle's head. The shape of the eagle's head can better split the wood. The eagle's beak forms a fixing part and is used to hold the wood in place. The first cutting part corresponding to the concave part of the eagle's beak pulls the wood down and splits it. In particular, during the process of splitting the wood, the cutting edge corresponding to the protruding part under the eagle's beak is located at the lower edge of the wood, which is more conducive to splitting the wood.

[0031] 10. The front end baffle of the main beam in this technical solution has several reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs are connected end to end to form a reinforcing ring. The inner walls of the reinforcing rings are then connected by reinforcing ribs, which improves the deformation resistance of the baffle. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this technical solution.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a side view of the technical solution.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional high-speed hydraulic cylinder of this technical solution.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the bidirectional high-speed hydraulic cylinder of this technical solution.

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the image.

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view of section AA.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power unit structure of this technical solution.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the power unit in this technical solution.

[0040] Figure 9 It is one of the structural schematic views of the main beam of the technical scheme.

[0041] Figure 10 It is the second structural schematic view of the main beam of the technical scheme.

[0042] Figure 11 It is the side view of the main beam of the technical scheme.

[0043] Figure 12 It is the structural schematic view of the baffle of the technical scheme.

[0044] Figure 13 It is the structural schematic view of the wood breaking axe of the technical scheme.

[0045] Figure 14 It is the side view of the wood breaking axe of the technical scheme.

[0046] The drawings show that: 1, rack; 11, main beam; 12, tail plate; 13, reinforcing plate; 14, reinforcing rib plate; 15, working space; 16, guide plate; 17, guide rail; 2, baffle; 21, reinforcing rib; 22, reinforcing ring; 23, fixing protrusion; 3, wood breaking axe; 30, fixing part; 31, force receiving main body; 32, guide part one; 33, blade part; 34, cutting edge; 35, cutting edge part; 36, first blade part; 37, second blade part; 4, bidirectional quick oil cylinder; 41, hydraulic oil cylinder body; 411, cylinder body; 412, oil cylinder front cover; 413, oil cylinder rear cover; 414, oil cylinder steel pipe; 415, mounting double ear ring; 42, large piston; 421, mounting cavity; 422, auxiliary piston cavity; 43, piston rod; 441, top rod seat; 4411, first through hole; 4412, control oil hole; 4413, guide part two; 442, top rod assembly; 4421, sliding seat; 4422, top rod body; 4423, third spring; 4424, limiting table; 443, oil passage; 45, rod cavity; 46, rodless cavity; 47, hydraulic control one-way valve; 471, first steel ball; 472, first spring; 5, power unit; 51, engine; 52, adapter plate; 53, oil pump; 54, oil tank; 6, control unit; 60, oil way plate; 601, third through hole; 61, control valve; 63, control handle; 64, connecting oil pipe; 7, hydraulic control on-off valve; 711, second through hole; 72, thrust control top rod valve core; 73, second steel ball; 74, second spring; 8, quick reset unit; 81, hollow hole inner pull rod; 82, small piston; 821, reset area; 822, accommodation area; 9, wood tray. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The specific embodiments of the technical scheme will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings, which are shown in Figures 1-14 .

[0048] A wood splitting machine comprises:

[0049] a frame 1, a baffle 2, a wood breaking axe 3, a bidirectional fast oil cylinder 4 and a power unit 5;

[0050] The frame 1 is provided with a traction unit, which comprises a connecting rod, a traction head and two traction chains. One end of the connecting rod is bolted to the frame 1 horizontally, and the other end is bolted to the traction head. One end of each traction chain is welded to the connecting rod, and the connection between the traction chain and the connecting rod is close to the traction head.

[0051] The bidirectional fast oil cylinder 4 is installed on the frame 1, the baffle 2 is vertically welded on the frame 1, the wood breaking axe 3 is installed on the piston rod 43 of the bidirectional fast oil cylinder 4 and can slide on the frame 1, and the frame 1, the baffle 2 and the wood breaking axe 3 form a working space 15 for placing wood. In order to facilitate temporary storage of wood, two wood trays 9 are hingedly installed on the frame 1, and the two wood trays 9 are respectively located on opposite sides of the working space 15. The power unit 5 is installed on the frame 1 to provide power for the bidirectional fast oil cylinder 4.

[0052] The power unit 5 comprises an engine 51, an adapter plate 52, an oil pump 53 and an oil tank 54. The oil pump 53 is arranged in the oil tank 54 and integrated with the engine 51 through the adapter plate 52.

[0053] The base of the engine 51 is bolted to the frame 1, one side of the adapter plate 52 in the thickness direction is bolted to the engine 51, the other side is bolted to the oil pump 53, and the output shaft of the engine 51 is key-connected with the input shaft of the oil pump 53 through the adapter plate 52. The oil tank 54 is arranged on the outer circumferential side of the oil pump 53, and the oil tank 54 is bolted to the adapter plate 52. The oil pump 53 is connected to the control unit 6 in sequence through the oil path and oil delivery pipeline arranged in the adapter plate 52, and the hydraulic oil is delivered to the reset area 821 or the rodless cavity 46 through the control unit 6.

[0054] The bidirectional fast oil cylinder 4 comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder body 41.

[0055] A large piston 42 is slidably arranged in the hydraulic oil cylinder body 41 and divides the inner cavity of the hydraulic oil cylinder body 41 into a rod cavity 45 and a rodless cavity 46.

[0056] A piston rod 43 is telescopically installed on the hydraulic oil cylinder body 41, one end of the piston rod 43 extends into the rod cavity 45 and is connected to the large piston 42, and the other end extends out of the hydraulic oil cylinder body 41 to form a driving end to connect the rear end of the wood breaking axe 3.

[0057] A hydraulic control one-way valve 47 is installed on the large piston 42 to communicate the rod cavity 45 and the rodless cavity 46.

[0058] When the oil pump 53 pumps hydraulic oil into the rodless chamber 46 and drives the large piston 42 to move, the rod chamber 45 becomes smaller in volume with the movement of the large piston 42, so that the pressure in the rod chamber 45 increases, thereby causing the hydraulic control check valve 47 to open, so that the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber 45 enters the rodless chamber 46 through the hydraulic control check valve 47 and pushes the large piston 42 to move together with the hydraulic oil pumped by the oil pump.

[0059] When the bidirectional fast oil cylinder 4 is in a light load or no load working condition, the oil pump 53 pumps hydraulic oil into the rodless chamber 46 through the oil inlet pipeline, at this time the rod chamber 45 is in a fully closed state, and the large piston 42 slides along the hydraulic oil cylinder body 41 to make the rod chamber 45 smaller in volume, so that the hydraulic oil pressure in the rod chamber 45 is greater than the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless chamber 46, the hydraulic control check valve 47 automatically opens, and the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber 45 directly enters the rodless chamber 46 through the hydraulic control check valve 47. At this time, since the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber 46 comes from the oil pump 53 and the rod chamber 45 after the volume increases, and more than seven times of the hydraulic oil comes from the rod chamber 45; compared with the conventional oil cylinder, the oil pump 53 only needs to pump less than one seventh of the flow to obtain a faster speed than the conventional oil cylinder; the fast push-out action of the piston rod 43 under small flow driving is realized; when the piston rod 43 is pushed out, through the hydraulic control check valve 47, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber 45 can enter the rodless chamber 46 under the light load or no load working condition; when the piston rod 43 is retracted, the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber 46 enters the rod chamber 45 through the hydraulic control check valve 47, thereby realizing the bidirectional fast function of the piston rod 43 with faster push-out and retraction under smaller pump-in flow, sharply reducing the energy consumption of the hydraulic system, realizing environmental protection and energy saving, reducing the pollution to the environment, and directly reducing the total demand for hydraulic oil due to the reduction of the pump-in oil amount, greatly reducing the power of the driving force, and also reducing the transmission and control cost of the hydraulic oil, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing cost and use cost of the product.

[0060] The bidirectional fast oil cylinder further comprises a fast reset unit 8 for controlling the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber 46 to return to the rod chamber 45 through the hydraulic control check valve 47; the fast reset unit 8 comprises a hollow hole-pulling rod 81, a small piston 82, a top rod seat 441 and a top rod assembly 442.

[0061] The piston rod 43 is hollowly arranged;

[0062] The hollow and perforated inner pull rod 81 is connected and fixed at one end with the oil cylinder rear cover 413 of the hydraulic oil cylinder body 41, and the other end penetrates the large piston 42 and extends into the inner cavity of the piston rod 43, and the hollow and perforated inner pull rod 81 is in sliding connection with the large piston 42; the end of the piston rod 43 is internally threaded with a sealing plug, the sealing plug is sleeved on the outside of the hollow and perforated inner pull rod 81 and is in sealing connection, the rear end of the sealing plug has an abutting table which is in movable abutment with the rear end of the large piston 42 and the piston rod 43, and the sealing plug cooperates with the small piston 82 and the hollow and perforated inner pull rod 81 to form a reset area 821;

[0063] The large piston 42 is provided with a mounting cavity 421, the mounting cavity 421 is provided with a top rod seat 441 and a top rod assembly 442; the top rod seat 441 and the top rod assembly 442 are formed with an oil passage 443 which is in communication with the rod cavity 45 and the hydraulic control one-way valve 47 in the middle; the part of the top rod seat 441 close to the hydraulic control one-way valve 47 is a guide part two 4413, the circumferential side of the guide part two 4413 and the side wall of the mounting cavity 421 form an auxiliary piston cavity 422, one end of the top rod assembly 442 is arranged in the auxiliary piston cavity 422 and forms a piston part, the other end of the top rod assembly 442 is arranged towards the hydraulic control one-way valve 47 and is used for movably abutting against the first steel ball 471;

[0064] The small piston 82 is connected with one end of the hollow and perforated inner pull rod 81, and the circumferential side of the small piston 82 is in sliding connection with the inner cavity wall of the piston rod 43, and the small piston 82 divides the inner cavity of the piston rod 43 into a reset area 821 and a give-way area 822, and the give-way area 822 is in communication with the outside;

[0065] The reset area 821 is in communication with the oil passage in the hollow and perforated inner pull rod 81;

[0066] The piston rod 43 is provided with a control oil hole 4412, the control oil hole 4412 is in communication with the reset area 821, and the control oil hole 4412 makes the oil passage between the reset area 821 and the auxiliary piston cavity 422; when the hydraulic oil in the reset area 821 enters the auxiliary piston cavity 422, the top rod assembly 442 drives the first steel ball 471 to move away from the first through hole 4411, so that the hydraulic control one-way valve 47 is opened.

[0067] The hydraulic oil flows into the hollow and perforated inner pull rod 81 through the oil pump 53 and flows into the reset area 821, the hydraulic oil in the reset area 821 enters the auxiliary piston cavity 422 through the control oil hole 4412 and pushes the top rod assembly 442 to move, so as to control the hydraulic control one-way valve 47 to open.

[0068] The oil pump 53 pumps hydraulic oil into the reset area 821 through the hollow hole-pulling rod 81. Since the reset area 821 is in communication with the auxiliary piston cavity 422 through the control oil hole 4412, the hydraulic oil in the reset area 821 acts on the push rod assembly 442 and pushes away the first steel ball 471, and the control hydraulic one-way valve 47 is opened. At this time, the rodless cavity 46 and the rod cavity 45 are in communication, and the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 directly returns to the rod cavity 45 through the control hydraulic one-way valve 47, so that the large piston 42 quickly returns, and the reset action of the piston rod 43 is completed. The designed quick reset unit 8, through the hollow piston rod 43, the hollow hole-pulling rod 81 and the small piston 82, forms a reset small oil cylinder structure, which can realize the quick reset action of the piston rod 43.

[0069] The hydraulic oil cylinder body 41 is provided with a control unit 6, which is in communication with the power unit 5 through an oil conveying pipeline. The control unit 6 includes a control valve 61, a bounce reset mechanism and a control handle 63. The control valve 61 is internally provided with a direction control valve for controlling the flow of liquid from different channels. The control valve 61 is plate-connected with the oil cylinder front cover 412. The plate connection means that the control valve 61 and the oil cylinder front cover 412 are stacked in a planar form and fastened together to form a compact and orderly whole, which is convenient for installation, maintenance and system integration. Specifically, each control unit (i.e. the control valve 61 and the oil cylinder front cover 412) is stacked in a planar form, i.e. one layer after another is stacked and connected together to realize integration as a whole. The control valve 61 and the oil cylinder front cover 412 are attached together at two adjacent planes, and there are through holes in the middle of the two planes and in communication with each other.

[0070] The control valve 61 makes the oil cylinder front cover 412 and the oil cylinder rear cover 413 in communication through two connecting oil pipes 64. The flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the connecting oil pipes 64 can be controlled by operating the control handle 63. The bounce reset mechanism realizes automatic return of the control valve handle to the middle position after the piston rod 43 is recovered to the position during the reset process of the bidirectional quick oil cylinder 4.

[0071] The control valve 61 is plate-connected with the oil cylinder front cover 412 of the hydraulic oil cylinder body 41, and the control valve 61 and the oil cylinder rear cover 413 are in communication through two connecting oil pipes 64. Then the control valve 61 is in communication with the oil cylinder front cover 412, and the control valve 61 is used to control the connecting oil pipes 64 to supply oil to the rodless cavity 46 or the reset area 821, respectively.

[0072] The control hydraulic one-way valve 47 includes a first steel ball 471 and a first spring 472.

[0073] The rodless cavity 46 is in communication with the rod cavity 45 through the first through hole 4411 and along the oil liquid channel 443 of the top rod assembly 442 and the top rod seat 441.

[0074] One end of the first spring 472 is connected to the large piston 42 by a snap ring, and the other end is connected to the first steel ball 471, for blocking the first through hole 4411 by the first steel ball 471;

[0075] The end of the ejector rod assembly 442 is sleeved on the ejector rod seat 441, and the ejector rod seat 441 is used to limit the ejector rod assembly 442 from being separated from the large piston 42, the ejector rod assembly 442 is slidingly connected in the mounting cavity 421 of the large piston 42, and the ejector rod body 4422 of the ejector rod assembly 442 can pass through the first through hole 4411 and abut against the first steel ball 471;

[0076] The ejector rod assembly 442 can be in contact with the hydraulic oil in the reset area 821, and the hydraulic oil in the reset area 821 pushes the ejector rod assembly 442 to abut against and push away the first steel ball 471 through the control oil hole 4412 when the oil pressure acts, so that the first steel ball 471 no longer blocks the first through hole 4411, to realize the communication of the rod cavity 45 and the rodless cavity 46.

[0077] When the light load is operated, the oil pump 53 continuously pumps hydraulic oil into the rodless cavity 46, and the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 rises while applying a pushing force to the large piston 42, because the rod cavity 45 is sealed at this time, the hydraulic oil pressure in the rod cavity 45 rises rapidly, and the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 45 directly pushes away the first steel ball 471, so that the first steel ball 471 no longer blocks the first through hole 4411, the rod cavity 45 and the rodless cavity 46 are communicated through the first through hole 4411, and the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 45 directly enters the rodless cavity 46 through the first through hole 4411, because most of the hydraulic oil is the hydraulic oil supplemented from the rod cavity 45 to the rodless cavity 46, the oil pump 53 only needs a small flow to get a faster pushing speed, and when the piston rod 43 is reset, the hydraulic oil in the reset area 821 pushes the ejector rod assembly 442 to move, the ejector rod assembly 442 pushes the first steel ball 471 to move, the first through hole 4411 is opened, the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 enters the rod cavity 45 through the first through hole 4411, and the fast reset is completed; The designed hydraulic control one-way valve 47 can realize small flow driving at light load to achieve high speed pushing and fast reset.

[0078] The ejector rod assembly 442 comprises a sliding seat 4421, an ejector rod body 4422 and a third spring 4423;

[0079] The sliding seat 4421 is sleeved on the top rod seat 441, and the rear half of the sliding seat 4421 is slidably arranged in the auxiliary piston cavity 422 and forms a piston part; the top rod body 4422 is slidably arranged in the front half of the sliding seat 4421, and one end of the top rod body 4422 movably abuts against a limiting table 4424 in the sliding seat 4421, and the other end of the top rod body 4422 penetrates through the first through hole 4411 and abuts against the first steel ball 471; one end of the third spring 4423 movably abuts against the top rod body 4422, and the other end of the third spring 4423 movably abuts against the edge of the first through hole 4411, so that the top rod body 4422 has a movement trend of moving away from the first steel ball 471, thereby realizing the reset of the top rod assembly 442.

[0080] The control unit 6 or the oil cylinder front cover 412 is integrated with a hydraulic control switch valve 7, when the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 reaches a set value P, the hydraulic control switch valve 7 makes the rod cavity 45 communicate with the oil return pipeline;

[0081] Under the heavy load working condition, because the piston rod 43 is subjected to a large force, the oil pump 53 continuously pumps hydraulic oil into the rodless cavity 46, so that the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 continuously increases, and then the thrust borne by the large piston 42 gradually increases, until the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 reaches P, the hydraulic control switch valve 7 on the control unit 6 or the oil cylinder front cover 412 is opened under the action of the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46, so that the rod cavity 45 communicates with the oil return pipeline, the originally closed rod cavity 45 suddenly communicates with the oil return pipeline, and the hydraulic oil pressure in the rod cavity 45 can be considered as instantaneously reduced to 0, at this time, the oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 is greater than that in the rod cavity 45, the hydraulic control one-way valve 47 on the large piston 42 is immediately automatically closed, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 acts on the large piston 42, generating a huge thrust as the conventional oil cylinder, and completing the heavy load work; the designed hydraulic control switch valve 7 can control the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 45, when the system oil pressure reaches the set pressure, the hydraulic control switch valve 7 is automatically opened, so that the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 45 communicates with the oil tank 54, and the automatic switching of the light load and heavy load working conditions can be completed by cooperating with the hydraulic control one-way valve 47, thereby fundamentally solving the contradiction between the thrust, speed and driving power under the non-uniform load working condition, and realizing the heavy load work through a simple structure, and reducing the high manufacturing cost caused by using a double pump and other complex hydraulic systems.

[0082] The oil cylinder front cover 412 is provided with a second through hole 711, and the rod cavity 45 and the oil return pipeline communicate through the second through hole 711;

[0083] The control valve 61 is connected with an oil way plate 60, the oil way plate 60 is installed on the oil cylinder front cover 412, and the oil way plate 60 is provided with a third through hole 601, and the oil return pipeline and the second through hole 711 communicate through the third through hole 601;

[0084] The oil cylinder rear cover 413 is communicated with the oil way plate 60 through two connecting oil pipes 64, and the oil way plate 60 is communicated with the rodless cavity 46 or the reset area 821 through the control valve 61;

[0085] The hydraulic control switch valve 7 comprises a thrust control top rod valve core 72, a second steel ball 73 and a second spring 74. One end of the second spring 74 is encapsulated in the oil way plate 60 through a screw, and the other end is connected with the second steel ball 73, so as to make the second steel ball 73 block the third through hole 601.

[0086] The thrust control top rod valve core 72 is slidingly connected in the oil way plate 60, and the top rod of the thrust control top rod valve core 72 can pass through the third through hole 601 and abut against the second steel ball 73.

[0087] The hydraulic control switch valve 7 can be integrated on the control unit 6 or the oil cylinder front cover 412, that is, the oil way plate 60 can be integrated with the control valve 61, and then is installed on the oil cylinder front cover 412, or the oil way plate 60 is directly designed on the oil cylinder front cover 412, and then the control valve 61 is plate-connected with the oil cylinder front cover 412.

[0088] Under the heavy load working condition, the piston rod 43 is initially kept stationary, the oil pump 53 continuously pumps hydraulic oil into the rodless cavity 46, and the oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 continuously rises to a set value P. The rodless cavity 46 is communicated with the force applying cavity of the thrust control top rod valve core 72 through an oil way (that is, the oil way plate 60 and the rodless cavity 46 are connected through a connecting oil pipe 64, which can be used for supplying oil to the rodless cavity 46, and can also be used for sending the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 to the oil way plate 60 to apply force to the thrust control top rod valve core 72, or a new connecting oil pipe 64 is connected to realize the force applying of the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 to the thrust control top rod valve core 72), at this time, the thrust control top rod valve core 72 applies force to the second steel ball 73 under the action of the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46, so that the second steel ball 73 overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 74, the third through hole 601 is opened and communicated with the second through hole 711, at this time, the rod cavity 45 and the oil return pipeline are communicated, the hydraulic oil pressure in the rod cavity 45 rapidly decreases, the hydraulic control one-way valve 47 on the large piston 42 is immediately automatically closed, and the high pressure oil in the rodless cavity 46 acts on the large piston 42 to generate a great thrust, thereby completing the heavy load operation. The designed hydraulic control switch valve 7 can realize the automatic switching of the heavy load working condition and the light load working condition in cooperation with the hydraulic control one-way valve 47.

[0089] The hydraulic cylinder body 41 comprises a cylinder body 411, an oil cylinder front cover 412 mounted on the cylinder body 411, a cover for connecting and fixing the cylinder body 411 with the oil cylinder front cover 412, and a control valve 61 plate-connected with the oil cylinder front cover 412; the cylinder body 411 comprises an oil cylinder steel pipe 414 and an oil cylinder rear cover 413, the oil cylinder steel pipe 414, the oil cylinder rear cover 413 and two connecting oil pipes 64 are welded into one body, the oil cylinder rear cover 413 is welded with a mounting double-ear ring 415, and the oil cylinder rear cover 413 is provided with a pushing-out oil hole communicating with the rodless cavity 46 and the control valve 61, and a retracting oil hole communicating with the hollow hole-in inner pull rod 81 and the control valve 61; one connecting oil pipe 64 is connected to the pushing-out oil hole and the retracting oil hole respectively, and the hydraulic oil is sequentially introduced into the rodless cavity 46 or the inside of the hollow hole-in inner pull rod 81 through the oil way plate 60 and the connecting oil pipe 64 by operating the control valve 61, and the two connecting oil pipes 64 are directly inserted into the control valve 61 during installation.

[0090] The oil conveying pipeline comprises an oil inlet pipeline and an oil return pipeline, the oil return pipeline is used for flowing back of the hydraulic oil to the oil tank 54, and the oil inlet pipeline is used for flowing of the hydraulic oil into the oil way plate 60, and then the hydraulic oil is distributed by the oil way plate 60 to the rodless cavity 46 or the reset area 821.

[0091] The oil inlet end of the oil pump 53 is connected with the oil tank 54 through an oil pipeline, so that the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 54 is introduced into the oil pump 53, the oil outlet end of the oil pump 53 is connected with the adapter plate 52 through an oil way, and the adapter plate 52 is connected with the oil tank 54 through an oil way, so that the hydraulic oil is returned from the adapter plate 52 to the oil tank 54.

[0092] The main beam 11 is arranged on the frame 1, the base body (i.e. the whole body) of the main beam 11 is an H-shaped steel material, the main beam 11 is cut from a whole profile, compared with a traditional main beam 11 formed by welding three plates, the machining process of the main beam 11 is reduced, and the whole profile forming of the main beam 11 can improve the carrying capacity; the cross section of the main beam 11 is H-shaped; the tail end of the main beam 11 is bent upward, and the tail plate 12 is embedded and welded on the tail end of the main beam 11, the tail plate 12 is provided with the reinforcing plates 13 on both sides, the end of the bidirectional quick oil cylinder 4 is mounted on the reinforcing plates 13 and the tail plate 12, and the mounting double-ear ring 415 of the bidirectional quick oil cylinder 4 is hinged on the tail plate 12 and the reinforcing plates 13; the tail end of the main beam 11 is provided with the mounting groove in advance, the tail plate 12 is vertically embedded in the mounting groove, and then fixed by welding, the upper end of the tail plate 12 protrudes from the upper end of the main beam 11, the tail plate 12 is welded on the side wall of the mounting groove on both sides, and the front end of the tail plate 12 is abutted and welded with the groove bottom of the mounting groove.

[0093] When the bidirectional quick oil cylinder 4 is used for splitting wood, the tail plate 12 is subjected to excessive force due to the backward movement of the reaction force, and the tail plate 12 is only required to be made of steel or other metal materials, so that the carrying capacity is improved and the production cost is reduced.

[0094] The two sides of the main beam 11 are provided with reinforcing rib plates 14, the upper end of the reinforcing rib plate 14 is bent and placed above the main beam 11, a gap is left between the bent upper end of the reinforcing rib plate 14 and the upper end of the main beam 11 for the sliding of the guide part one 32 (i.e. the bottom of the guide part one 32 is slidably arranged at the upper end of the main beam 11, the reinforcing rib plate 14 first wraps the side wall of the guide part one 32, and then the upper end of the reinforcing rib plate 14 is bent and placed at the upper end of the guide part one 32), thereby forming a guide rail 17 for the sliding of the wood splitting axe 3, the guide rail 17 is used for limiting the wood located in the working space 15, ensuring the stability of the wood during splitting or moving, and ensuring the removal of wood chips.

[0095] The two sides of the main beam 11 are provided with guide plates 16, i.e. the upper end of the guide plate 16 is bent towards the direction away from the upper end of the main beam 11, the guide plate 16 is located between the guide rail 17 and the baffle 2, and the guide plate 16 can smoothly remove the residual wood grate while positioning the wood together with the guide rail 17.

[0096] The side of the baffle 2 away from the wood splitting axe 3 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 21, and the reinforcing ribs 21 are connected end to end between each other and welded at the connection to form reinforcing rings 22, and the inner walls of the reinforcing rings 22 are further connected by welding with the reinforcing ribs 21, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the baffle 2; the side of the baffle 2 close to the wood splitting axe 3 is provided with a plurality of fixing protrusions 23 for fixing the end of the wood.

[0097] The wood splitting axe 3 is S-shaped hawk head-shaped, which includes a force receiving body 31, a guide part one 32 and a blade part 33; the guide part one 32 is located below the force receiving body 31 and the blade part 33 and is horizontally arranged, the force receiving body 31 is vertically arranged above the guide part one 32, and the blade part 33 is arranged on the side of the force receiving body 31 away from the double-acting quick cylinder 4, and the front end of the blade part 33 is provided with a cutting edge 34;

[0098] The upper side of the cutting edge 34 is provided with a fixing part 30 for fixing the wood; the lower half of the cutting edge 34 is provided with a cutting edge part 35 protruding, which is used for splitting the wood;

[0099] The fixing part 30 is farther away from the double-acting quick cylinder 4 than the cutting edge part 35; an arc-shaped first blade part 36 is formed between the fixing part 30 and the cutting edge part 35; the first blade part 36 pulls the wood tightly downward after being positioned at the fixing part 30, further stabilizing the wood, which is particularly prominent when the wood is split into two and then into four during the wood splitting process; the cutting edge part 35 is located close to the periphery of the wood, which is more conducive to breaking the wood; and the lower side forms an inwardly inclined second blade part 37.

[0100] The wood to be split is placed in the working space 15 formed by the rack 1, the baffle 2 and the wood breaking axe 3. Before the wood breaking axe 3 touches the wood and at the moment when a large force is needed to split the wood, the oil cylinder is in a light load or empty load working condition. The power unit 5 pumps hydraulic oil into the rodless cavity 46, and the hydraulic control one-way valve 47 is automatically opened. The hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 45 directly enters the rodless cavity 46 through the hydraulic control one-way valve 47. At this time, because the required hydraulic oil for the volume increase of the rodless cavity 46 comes from the external oil pump 53 and the rod cavity 45, and most of it comes from the rod cavity 45, compared with the conventional oil cylinder, the speed of the piston rod 43 is faster, the waiting time for the wood breaking axe 3 to touch the wood after resetting is reduced, the working efficiency of the wood splitting machine is improved, the energy consumption of the hydraulic system is sharply reduced, environmental protection and energy saving are realized, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and because the amount of pumped oil is reduced, the total demand for hydraulic oil is directly reduced, the cost of hydraulic oil transmission and control is also reduced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and use cost of the product.

[0101] After the wood breaking axe 3 touches the wood, the hydraulic oil cylinder body 41 automatically switches to a heavy load working condition. Because the piston rod 43 is under a large force, the power unit 5 continuously pumps hydraulic oil into the rodless cavity 46, so that the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 continuously increases, and then the thrust on the large piston 42 gradually increases, until the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 reaches the set value P. The hydraulic control on-off valve 7 on the oil cylinder front cover 412 is opened under the action of the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46, so that the rod cavity 45 is in communication with the oil return pipeline. The hydraulic oil pressure in the rod cavity 45 is considered to be instantaneously reduced to 0. At this time, the oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 is greater than that in the rod cavity 45. The hydraulic control one-way valve 47 on the large piston 42 is immediately automatically closed. The high-pressure hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 acts on the large piston 42, generating a huge thrust, which instantly splits the wood, completes the heavy load operation, and after breaking, the load sharply decreases, and the working condition is instantaneously converted to a light load working condition. The piston rod 43 is quickly pushed out, and the wood splitting operation is completed. The designed hydraulic control on-off valve 7 can automatically switch the light load and heavy load working conditions by cooperating with the hydraulic control one-way valve 47, so that the oil cylinder has both fast speed and huge thrust under the drive of small power. The contradiction between thrust, speed and driving power in the non-uniform load working condition is fundamentally solved.

[0102] The designed quick reset unit 8 can realize the quick reset action of the piston rod 43, reduce the waiting time for the wood breaking axe 3 to reset, and further improve the working efficiency of the wood splitting machine.

[0103] The engine 51 provides power for the oil pump 53, the oil pump 53 pumps hydraulic oil from the oil tank 54, and then pumps into the rodless cavity 46 through the adapter plate 52 and the oil inlet pipeline in turn, completes the extension of the piston rod 43 and the wood splitting operation, after the wood splitting operation is completed, the oil pump 53 pumps hydraulic oil into the cavity of the hollow perforated inner pull rod 81, and completes the reset action of the piston rod 43; the designed power unit 5, because the required hydraulic oil flow of the hydraulic system is small, the volume of the oil tank 54 can be reduced, and through the design of the adapter plate 52, many connecting oil pipes 64 of the existing wood splitter are omitted, many potential oil leakage faults are reduced, and because the power of the wood splitter is not directly related to the size of the thrust and the speed, the power unit 5 of the application can be used for various different specifications and sizes of wood splitters, thereby saving manufacturing and management costs.

[0104] The designed control unit 6 and connecting oil pipe 64 are highly integrated with the hydraulic cylinder body 41, so that the product structure is compact and beautiful, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the quality risk of hydraulic system oil leakage is reduced

[0105] The working principle of the design scheme is as follows: the wood to be split is placed on the wood tray 9, then one wood enters the working space 15, the control handle 63 is controlled, the high-pressure oil pumped out by the engine 51 drives the oil pump 53, and then enters the rodless cavity 46 through the adapter plate 52, the oil inlet pipeline, the oil way plate 60 and the connecting oil pipe 64. Because the external load is small, the hydraulic oil pumped into the rodless cavity 46 makes the oil pressure of the rodless cavity 46 rise, the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 pushes the large piston 42 to slide, at this time the whole has rod cavity 45 is closed, the hydraulic oil pressure in the has rod cavity 45 rises rapidly, until the hydraulic oil pressure in the has rod cavity 45 is greater than the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46, the oil pressure in the has rod cavity 45 acts on the first steel ball 471 and overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 472 to push the first steel ball 471 away, the first through hole 4411 is opened, at this time the hydraulic oil in the has rod cavity 45 directly enters the rodless cavity 46 through the first through hole 4411, because the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 mostly comes from the has rod cavity 45, the oil pump flow only needs to be equivalent to one seventh of the flow of the conventional oil cylinder to obtain a faster pushing speed than the conventional oil cylinder; therefore, the small flow drives the piston rod 43 to push out quickly, until the wood splitting axe 3 touches the wood.

[0106] When the wood axe 3 is in contact with the wood, the oil pump 53 continues to pump hydraulic oil into the rodless cavity 46. Due to the large load, the piston rod 43 and the large piston 42 remain stationary until the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 rises to a set value P. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 reversely exerts force on the thrust control plunger valve core 72 in the oil way plate 60 through the oil way (i.e. the oil way in the connecting oil pipe 64 and the oil way plate 60), the thrust control plunger valve core 72 exerts force on the second steel ball 73, the second steel ball 73 overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 74 and no longer blocks the third through hole 601, the rod cavity 45 and the oil return pipe are communicated through the third through hole 601 and the second through hole 711, the hydraulic oil pressure in the rod cavity 45 rapidly decreases, at this time, the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 is greater than that in the rod cavity 45, the hydraulic control one-way valve 47 on the large piston 42 is immediately automatically closed, the high-pressure hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 acts on the large piston 42, a huge thrust is generated, and the wood axe 3 splits the wood. When the wood is instantaneously split, the load of the oil cylinder immediately becomes small, at this time, the oil pressure in the rodless cavity 46 decreases, the hydraulic pressure on the thrust control plunger valve core 72 is less than the elastic force of the second spring 74, and the second steel ball 73 is immediately reset to close the second through hole. The rod cavity 45 is in a closed state again, the oil pressure in the rod cavity 45 immediately rises and exceeds the pressure in the rodless cavity 46, directly pushes away the first steel ball 471, and the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity 45 flows into the rodless cavity 46, and the piston rod 43 is completely pushed out quickly. The wood is completely split.

[0107] After the wood is completely split, the piston rod 43 needs to be reset, at this time, the control handle 63 is operated, the high-pressure oil pumped by the oil pump 53 passes through the adapter plate 52 and the oil inlet pipe in sequence, enters the inner cavity of the hollow hole-in-pole pull rod 81, and enters the reset area 821, and then the piston rod 43 and the large piston 42 are quickly pulled back under the action of the hydraulic oil. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the reset area 821 exerts force on the plunger assembly 442 through the control oil hole 4412, the plunger assembly 442 pushes the first steel ball 471 to move, the first steel ball 471 overcomes the elastic force of the first spring 472 and no longer blocks the first through hole 4411, the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity 46 directly enters the rod cavity 45 through the first through hole 4411, and the piston rod 43 drives the wood axe 3 to smoothly and quickly reset.

[0108] The basic principle and main features of the technical scheme and the advantages of the technical scheme are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical scheme is not limited to the above embodiments, the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principle of the technical scheme, and various changes and improvements of the technical scheme can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme. The scope of protection of the technical scheme is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0109] It should be noted that the structure, proportion, size, etc. shown in the drawings of the present application are only used to understand and read the disclosed content by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the technical solution can be implemented, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that the technical solution can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present technical solution. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" in the present application are only for clear description, and are not used to limit the scope of the technical solution that can be implemented. The change or adjustment of the relative relationship, without substantially changing the technical content, is also considered as the scope of the technical solution that can be implemented.

[0110] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be a middle element. When an element is referred to as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element through a middle element.

[0111] In addition, the description involving "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, nor within the scope of protection required by the present application.

Claims

1. A wood splitting machine, characterized in that, It comprises: a frame (1) for loading a bidirectional fast oil cylinder (4), a wood breaking axe (3) and a power unit (5); a baffle (2) installed on the frame (1); the wood breaking axe (3) is slidingly arranged on the frame (1), and the wood breaking axe (3) is installed on the driving end of the bidirectional fast oil cylinder (4); a working space (15) for placing wood is formed between the baffle (2) and the wood breaking axe (3); the bidirectional fast oil cylinder (4) is installed on the frame (1) and connected with the wood breaking axe (3); the power unit (5) is used for providing oil pressure to the bidirectional fast oil cylinder (4); the bidirectional fast oil cylinder (4) comprises: a hydraulic cylinder body (41); a large piston (42) slidingly arranged in the hydraulic cylinder body (41) and separating the inner cavity of the hydraulic cylinder body (41) into a rod cavity (45) and a rodless cavity (46); a piston rod (43) telescopically installed on the hydraulic cylinder body (41), and the piston rod (43) extends into the rod cavity (45) and is connected with the large piston (42); a hydraulic control one-way valve (47) installed on the large piston (42) for communicating the rod cavity (45) and the rodless cavity (46); a fast reset unit (8) for controlling the hydraulic oil in the rodless cavity (46) to return to the rod cavity (45) through the hydraulic control one-way valve (47); when the hydraulic oil enters the rodless cavity (46) from the oil pump (53) and drives the large piston (42) to move, the oil pressure in the rod cavity (45) increases and makes the hydraulic control one-way valve (47) open, so that the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity (45) enters the rodless cavity (46) through the hydraulic control one-way valve (47) and pushes the large piston (42) to move.

2. A wood splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wood breaking axe (3) is S-shaped hawk head, which comprises a force receiving body (31), a guide part I (32) and a blade part (33); the guide part I (32) is horizontally arranged below the force receiving body (31) and the blade part (33), the force receiving body (31) is vertically arranged above the guide part I (32), the blade part (33) is arranged on the side of the force receiving body (31) away from the bidirectional fast oil cylinder (4), and the front end of the blade part (33) is provided with a cutting edge (34); the upper side of the cutting edge (34) is provided with a fixing part (30) for fixing wood; the lower half of the cutting edge (34) is provided with a cutting edge part (35) protruding for splitting wood; the fixing part (30) is farther away from the bidirectional fast oil cylinder (4) than the cutting edge part (35); an arc-shaped first blade part (36) is formed between the fixing part (30) and the cutting edge part (35); an inwardly inclined second blade part (37) is formed on the lower side of the cutting edge part (35).

3. A wood splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack (1) is provided with a main beam (11), the main beam (11) is made of H-shaped steel material, the tail end of the main beam (11) is bent upward, and the tail end of the main beam (11) is embedded and welded with a tail plate (12), the tail plate (12) is provided with a reinforcing plate (13) on both sides, and the end of a bidirectional quick oil cylinder (4) is mounted on the reinforcing plate (13) and the tail plate (12).

4. A wood splitting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main beam (11) is provided with a reinforcing rib plate (14) on both sides, the upper end of the reinforcing rib plate (14) is bent and placed above the main beam (11), forming a guide rail (17) for the sliding of a wood breaking axe (3), and the main beam (11) is provided with a guide plate (16) on both sides, the guide plate (16) is located between the guide rail (17) and the baffle (2), and the guide plate (16) is used for wood fence falling from the upper end of the main beam (11).

5. A wood splitting machine according to claim 3, wherein: The baffle (2) on the front end of the main beam (11) is provided with a plurality of reinforcing rib strips (21) away from the wood breaking axe (3) on one side, and the reinforcing rib strips (21) are connected end to end and welded to form a reinforcing ring (22), and the reinforcing rib strips (21) are welded between the inner walls of the reinforcing ring (22).

6. A wood splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power unit (5) comprises an engine (51), an adapter plate (52), an oil pump (53) and an oil tank (54); the oil pump (53) is arranged in the oil tank (54) and integrated with the engine (51) through the adapter plate (52); The engine (51) is connected with the rack (1); One side of the adapter plate (52) is connected with the engine (51), and the other side is connected with the oil pump (53); The oil tank (54) is arranged on the outer circumferential side of the oil pump (53), and the oil tank (54) is connected with the adapter plate (52); The oil pump (53) sequentially delivers hydraulic oil to the hydraulic oil cylinder body (41) through the adapter plate (52) and the oil delivery pipeline.

7. A wood splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic oil cylinder body (41) is provided with a control unit (6) which is communicated with the power unit (5) through the oil delivery pipeline, and the control unit (6) comprises a control valve (61); the control valve (61) is plate-connected with the oil cylinder front cover (412) of the hydraulic oil cylinder body (41), the control valve (61) and the oil cylinder rear cover (413) of the hydraulic oil cylinder body (41) are communicated through two connecting oil pipes (64), and the control valve (61) is used for controlling the connecting oil pipes (64) to supply oil to the rodless cavity (46) or the reset area (821) of the quick reset unit (8) respectively.

8. A wood splitting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control unit (6) or the oil cylinder front cover (412) is integrated with a hydraulic control switch valve (7), when the hydraulic oil pressure in the rodless cavity (46) reaches a set value P, the hydraulic control switch valve (7) makes the rod cavity (45) communicate with the oil return pipeline; A second through hole (711) is formed in the oil cylinder front cover (412), and the rod cavity (45) and the oil return pipeline are communicated through the second through hole (711); The control valve (61) is connected with an oil way plate (60), the oil way plate (60) is installed on the oil cylinder front cover (412), and the oil way plate (60) is provided with a third through hole (601), and the oil return pipeline and the second through hole (711) are communicated through the third through hole (601); The hydraulic control on-off valve (7) comprises a thrust control top rod valve core (72), a second steel ball (73) and a second spring (74); one end of the second spring (74) is connected with the oil way plate (60), and the other end is connected with the second steel ball (73), so as to make the second steel ball (73) block the third through hole (601); The thrust control top rod valve core (72) is slidably connected in the oil way plate (60), and the top rod of the thrust control top rod valve core (72) can pass through the third through hole (601) and abut against the second steel ball (73).

9. A wood splitting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydraulic oil cylinder body (41) comprises a cylinder body (411), an oil cylinder front cover (412) installed on the cylinder body (411), a cover and a control valve (61) plate-connected with the oil cylinder front cover (412); The cylinder body (411) comprises an oil cylinder steel pipe (414) and an oil cylinder rear cover (413), the oil cylinder steel pipe (414), the oil cylinder rear cover (413) and two connecting oil pipes (64) are welded as a whole, the oil cylinder rear cover (413) is provided with a push-out oil hole communicating the rodless chamber (46) and the control valve (61), and a retraction oil hole communicating the hollow hole inner pull rod (81) of the quick reset unit (8) and the control valve (61), and the two connecting oil pipes (64) are inserted into the control valve (61).

10. A wood splitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick reset unit (8) comprises a hollow hole inner pull rod (81), a small piston (82), a top rod seat (441) and a top rod assembly (442); The piston rod (43) is hollowly arranged; One end of the hollow hole inner pull rod (81) is connected with the oil cylinder rear cover (413) of the hydraulic oil cylinder body (41), the other end passes through the large piston (42) and extends into the inner cavity of the piston rod (43), and the hollow hole inner pull rod (81) is slidably connected with the large piston (42); The large piston (42) is provided with a mounting cavity (421), the top rod seat (441) and the top rod assembly (442) are arranged in the mounting cavity (421); the middle part of the top rod seat (441) and the top rod assembly (442) forms an oil liquid passage (443) communicating the chamber with a rod (45) and the hydraulic control one-way valve (47); the part of the top rod seat (441) near the hydraulic control one-way valve (47) is a guide part two (4413), an auxiliary piston cavity (422) is formed between the side wall of the mounting cavity (421) and the circumferential side of the guide part two (4413), one end of the top rod assembly (442) is arranged in the auxiliary piston cavity (422) and forms a piston part, and the other end of the top rod assembly (442) faces the hydraulic control one-way valve (47); The piston rod (43) is hollowly arranged; The small piston (82) is connected with one end of the hollow perforated inner pull rod (81), and the small piston (82) is in sliding connection with the inner cavity wall of the piston rod (43); the small piston (82) divides the inner cavity of the piston rod (43) into a reset area (821) and a let go area (822); The reset area (821) is in communication with the oil channel inside the hollow perforated inner pull rod (81); The piston rod (43) is provided with a control oil hole (4412), the control oil hole (4412) is in communication with the reset area (821), and the control oil hole (4412) makes the oil channel between the reset area (821) and the auxiliary piston cavity (422) in communication; when the hydraulic oil in the reset area (821) enters the auxiliary piston cavity (422), the ejector rod assembly (442) drives the hydraulic control one-way valve (47) to open.

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