Material distribution device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a material distribution device. According to the technical scheme, the automatic feeding device comprises a material pushing mechanism used for receiving materials and equally dividing the materials into 2n valve chambers through a pushing module, and the volumes of all the valve chambers are equal; the material storing and distributing mechanism is used for opening or closing the valve chambers, when the valve chambers are opened, the materials in the 2n valve chambers enter the first-stage material overturning and distributing mechanism, and when the valve chambers are closed, the materials are stored in the valve chambers; the first-stage material turning and distributing mechanism is used for receiving the materials in the 2n valve chambers, uniformly dividing the materials into 4n parts and feeding the materials into the second-stage material turning and distributing mechanism; and the second-stage material turning and distributing mechanism is used for uniformly dividing the 4n parts of materials received from the first-stage material turning and distributing mechanism into 8n parts of materials. According to the scheme provided by the utility model, materials can be automatically and accurately equally divided and discharged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of fumigation and pest control equipment for agricultural products such as grains, and in particular to a material distribution device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the phosphine gas commonly used for fumigating and killing insects in grains is generated by reacting water with powder containing 85% aluminum phosphide or tablets (pills) containing 56% aluminum phosphide. There are various methods for applying phosphine fumigation to medium and large-sized grain reserves in my country, but they generally fall into two categories: external application and internal application.

[0003] Currently, external fumigation has the following disadvantages: 1. External fumigation involves a single, concentrated application of pesticides. The initial pH concentration of the fumigation is very high, which can easily cause pests to feign death. This is not the optimal pesticide effect, i.e., the effective CT value for pest mortality. 2. The fumigation operation takes a long time (8-10 hours / time), requiring personnel to be on duty throughout. The carbon dioxide cylinder is prone to blockage, causing accidents. 3. External fumigation is not suitable for long-term storage and repeated application of pesticides, as it can only kill single-stage stored grain pests. 4. External fumigation inevitably involves some leakage of toxic gas, causing environmental pollution. 5. The residue after fumigation still needs to be treated again, and the residual toxic gas is not recycled but directly emitted into the environment, causing harmful pollution.

[0004] In-warehouse fumigation: This refers to fumigation operations that require personnel to enter the grain storage warehouse or a confined environment. Currently, this is a commonly used method, primarily including surface application of pesticides in containers on the grain surface, surface application of pesticides in small bags within grain piles, layered application using probes, and slow-release application. All these methods require manual application, making it impossible to accurately and evenly distribute the pesticides, and they cannot eliminate the safety risks associated with personnel administering the pesticides. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the main purpose of this utility model is to provide a material distribution device that can automatically and accurately achieve the even distribution and placement of materials.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a material dispensing device, comprising:

[0007] The feeding mechanism is used to receive materials and distribute them evenly into 2n valve chambers through the feeding module, with each valve chamber having an equal volume;

[0008] The material storage and distribution mechanism is used to open or close the valve chambers. When the valve chambers are opened, the material in the 2n valve chambers enters the first-stage material distribution mechanism. When the valve chambers are closed, the material is stored in the valve chambers.

[0009] The first-stage material sorting mechanism receives materials from 2n valve chambers and divides the materials into 4n equal parts before they enter the second-stage material sorting mechanism.

[0010] The secondary sorting mechanism divides the 4n portions of material received from the primary sorting mechanism into 8n portions.

[0011] Preferably, the pushing module includes a material distribution trough, a screw assembly disposed within the material distribution trough, and a ratchet assembly for driving the screw assembly to rotate. The screw assembly includes a central shaft and a left screw and a right screw sleeved on the central shaft. The threads on the left screw and the right screw are arranged in opposite directions. The material distribution trough is provided with n valve chambers at the left screw and the right screw, respectively. A left baffle plate and a right baffle plate are respectively provided at the end of the material distribution trough on the central shaft. The two ends of the central shaft are supported by a left shaft seat and a right shaft seat, respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the ratchet assemblies are located at both ends of the central shaft. Each ratchet assembly includes a ratchet, a ratchet bar, a pawl, and a stop pin. The ratchet is fixed on the central shaft, and the stop pin contacts the ratchet and is mounted on the stop pin fixing plate. One end of the ratchet bar is connected to a pull rod via a first Y-type connector, and the other end of the ratchet bar is connected to a pawl that can drive the ratchet to rotate. The pull rod is then connected to one end of a push-pull shaft via a second Y-type connector. The push-pull shaft is sleeved in a linear bearing housing, and the other end of the push-pull shaft is connected and fixed to the end of a push-pull plate. A vertical displacement cylinder capable of driving the push-pull shaft to move up and down is installed in the middle of the push-pull plate.

[0013] Preferably, the material distribution trough is further provided with several residual material chambers at the left screw and right screw respectively for receiving residual material.

[0014] Preferably, the material storage and distribution mechanism includes a valve plate, a valve stem, a valve sleeve, a push-pull rod, and a fixed plate; the valve plate is connected to one end of the valve stem, the two sides of the valve stem are installed in the valve sleeve, 2n valve stems are fixed together on the push-pull rod, and 2n valve sleeves are fixed together on the fixed plate. The fixed plate is provided with a mechanism that can drive the push-pull rod and the valve plate to move back and forth to realize the opening and discharging and closing of the 2n valve chambers for material storage.

[0015] Preferably, the primary and secondary material-distributing mechanisms each include a material-distributing shell and a constant-distributing core disposed within the material-distributing shell. The material-distributing shell includes a receiving pipe and a left and right discharge pipe located at the lower end of the material-distributing shell. The constant-distributing core includes a pointed head extending into the receiving pipe and two guide plates located above the left and right discharge pipes, respectively. The middle part of the constant-distributing core is disposed inside the material-distributing shell via a rotating shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the receiving pipe of each turning shell in the primary turning and separating mechanism is located at the discharge port of each valve chamber, and the left and right discharge pipes of each turning shell in the primary turning and separating mechanism are respectively located at the receiving pipe of each turning shell in the secondary turning and separating mechanism.

[0017] This invention offers the following advantages over existing technologies: The solution enables precise and even distribution of materials. The screw-driven 1-to-4 and equal-weight self-distributing 4-to-8 and 8-to-16 distribution units allow aluminum phosphide to fully expand its surface area in the deliquescence pan within the generating chamber, accelerating and increasing efficiency. The material naturally falls downwards, further improving the deliquescence reaction rate and controlling the effective concentration. This completely eliminates the safety risks associated with manual dosing, significantly reducing labor intensity and workload. The equipment is internally mounted and can be fixed above the grain surface on the inner wall of the storage silo, facilitating centralized loading and preventing contact between the pesticide and the grain. All power sources are pneumatic, and key generating components are made of corrosion-resistant materials, avoiding safety risks associated with electrical and mechanical corrosion. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a material distribution device according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view of a material distribution device according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of section AA;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a side view of a material distribution device according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the material distribution trough pipe of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the screw assembly of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flip-top shell of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the equal-turning core of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, a material distribution device is mainly used for evenly distributing and releasing materials. Taking an example with n=2 valve chambers on each side, it includes:

[0029] The feeding mechanism B001 is used to receive materials and distribute them evenly into four valve chambers (labeled B041, B042, B043, and B044) through the feeding module. Each valve chamber has an equal volume.

[0030] The material storage and distribution mechanism is used to open or close the valve chambers. When the valve chambers are opened, the material in the four valve chambers enters the first-stage material distribution mechanism. When the valve chambers are closed, the material is stored in the valve chambers.

[0031] The primary material sorting mechanism B002 receives materials from four valve chambers and divides them into eight equal parts before they enter the secondary material sorting mechanism.

[0032] The secondary sorting mechanism B003 divides the 8 portions of material received from the primary sorting mechanism B00 into 16 portions.

[0033] The material in receiving pipe B010 moves to the left and right in the distribution trough pipe B022 as the left screw B039 and right screw B036 rotate. The left screw B039 sequentially enters the left I valve chamber B042 and the left II valve chamber B041 to push the drug; the right screw B036 sequentially enters the right I valve chamber B043 and the right II valve chamber B044 to push the drug, thus achieving a one-to-four distribution. If there is too much material, it will be pushed into the left surplus material chamber B045 and the right surplus material chamber B04; if there is too little material, it can normally enter the next stage.

[0034] The left screw B039 and the right screw B036 are both mounted on the central shaft B034. The left and right sides of the central shaft B034 are each equipped with a left feed plate B040 and a right feed plate B037, which are supported by the left shaft seat B017 and the right shaft seat B038. The outermost two ends of the central shaft B034 are each equipped with a ratchet mechanism.

[0035] The ratchet mechanism consists of a ratchet B016, a ratchet bar B032, a pawl B033, and a stop pin B015. The ratchet B016 is fixed on the central shaft B034. The stop pin B015 contacts the ratchet B016 and is mounted on the stop pin fixing plate B014. The ratchet bar B032 is connected to the pull rod B013 via a first Y-type connector B025. The pull rod B013 is then connected to one end of the push-pull shaft B011 via a second Y-type connector B012. The push-pull shaft B011 is assembled. Inside the linear bearing housing B008; the other end of the push-pull shaft B011 is connected and fixed to both ends of the push-pull plate B009, and the push-pull plate B009 is equipped with a vertical displacement cylinder B027 in the middle; by moving the displacement cylinder B027 up and down, the ratchet B016 is rotated, thereby realizing the movement of the material in the distribution trough pipe B022 and reaching the left I valve chamber B042, the left II valve chamber B041, the right I valve chamber B043 and the right II valve chamber B044 respectively. These four valve chambers have equal volumes.

[0036] Each valve chamber on the left and right is controlled by a main valve control mechanism to store or release materials. The main valve control mechanism includes a valve plate B023, a valve stem B019, a valve sleeve B021, a push-pull rod B020, and a fixed plate B007. One end of the valve plate B023 is connected to one end of the valve stem B019. The two sides of the valve stem B019 are installed in the valve sleeve B021. The other ends of the four identical valve stems are fixed to a push-pull rod B020. The valve sleeve B021 is also fixed to a fixed plate B007. The push-pull rod B020 realizes the opening and closing of the left and right valve chambers for material release and material storage by the back and forth movement of the push-pull cylinder B048.

[0037] The primary and secondary material sorting mechanisms each include a material sorting shell and a constant-turning core B005 disposed within the material sorting shell B056. The material sorting shell B056 includes a receiving pipe B057 and a left discharge pipe B054 and a right discharge pipe B055 located at the lower end of the material sorting shell B056. The constant-turning core B005 includes a pointed part B050 extending into the receiving pipe B057 and two guide plates B049 located above the left discharge pipe B054 and the right discharge pipe B055, respectively. The middle part of the constant-turning core B005 is disposed inside the material sorting shell B056 via a rotating shaft B051. The receiving pipe B057 of each turning shell B056 in the first-stage turning and separating mechanism is set at the discharge port of each valve chamber. The left discharge pipe B054 and the right discharge pipe B055 of each turning shell B056 in the first-stage turning and separating mechanism are respectively set at the receiving pipe B057 of each turning shell B056 in the second-stage turning and separating mechanism.

[0038] The materials from the left and right valve chambers I and II will simultaneously and sequentially enter the first-stage flapper sampler B002, and then enter the second-stage flapper sampler B003. Both the first-stage and second-stage flapper samplers consist of a flapper core B005, a flapper shell B056, a receiving pipe B057, a left discharge pipe B054, and a right discharge pipe B055. After passing through the first-stage and second-stage flapper samplers, the materials are automatically and evenly distributed and naturally flow into the inlet of the corresponding generating unit. The first-stage flapper sampler B002 achieves a 4:8 ratio, and the second-stage flapper sampler B003 achieves an 8:16 ratio.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A material dispensing apparatus, characterized by, include: The feeding mechanism is used to receive materials and distribute them evenly into 2n valve chambers through the feeding module, with each valve chamber having an equal volume; The material storage and distribution mechanism is used to open or close the valve chambers. When the valve chambers are opened, the material in the 2n valve chambers enters the first-stage material distribution mechanism. When the valve chambers are closed, the material is stored in the valve chambers. The first-stage material sorting mechanism receives materials from 2n valve chambers and divides the materials into 4n equal parts before they enter the second-stage material sorting mechanism. The secondary sorting mechanism divides the 4n portions of material received from the primary sorting mechanism into 8n portions.

2. A material dispensing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The pushing module includes a material distribution trough, a screw assembly disposed within the material distribution trough, and a ratchet assembly that drives the screw assembly to rotate. The screw assembly includes a central shaft and a left screw and a right screw sleeved on the central shaft. The threads on the left screw and the right screw are arranged in opposite directions. The material distribution trough has n valve chambers at the left screw and the right screw, respectively. A left baffle and a right baffle are respectively disposed at the end of the material distribution trough on the central shaft. The two ends of the central shaft are supported by a left shaft seat and a right shaft seat, respectively.

3. A material dispensing apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The ratchet assemblies are located at both ends of the central shaft. Each ratchet assembly includes a ratchet, a ratchet bar, a pawl, and a stop pin. The ratchet is fixed on the central shaft. The stop pin contacts the ratchet and is located on the stop pin fixing plate. One end of the ratchet bar is connected to the pull rod via a first Y-type connector. The other end of the ratchet bar is connected to the pawl, which can drive the ratchet to rotate. The pull rod is then connected to one end of the push-pull shaft via a second Y-type connector. The push-pull shaft is sleeved in a linear bearing seat. The other end of the push-pull shaft is connected and fixed to the end of the push-pull plate. A vertical displacement cylinder, which can drive the push-pull shaft to move up and down, is installed in the middle of the push-pull plate.

4. A material dispensing apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The material distribution trough also has several waste material chambers at the left and right screws for receiving waste material.

5. A material dispensing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The material storage and distribution mechanism includes a valve plate, a valve stem, a valve sleeve, a push-pull rod, and a fixed plate. The valve plate is connected to one end of the valve stem, and both sides of the valve stem are installed in the valve sleeve. 2n valve stems are fixed together on the push-pull rod, and 2n valve sleeves are fixed together on the fixed plate. The fixed plate is provided with a mechanism that can drive the push-pull rod and the valve plate to move back and forth to realize the opening and closing of the 2n valve chambers for material release and material storage.

6. A material dispensing apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: The primary and secondary material sorting mechanisms each include a material sorting shell and a constant-turning core disposed within the material sorting shell. The material sorting shell includes a receiving pipe and a left and right discharge pipe located at the lower end of the material sorting shell. The constant-turning core includes a pointed head extending into the receiving pipe and two guide plates located above the left and right discharge pipes, respectively. The middle part of the constant-turning core is disposed inside the material sorting shell via a rotating shaft.

7. A material dispensing apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The receiving pipe of each turning shell in the first-stage turning and separating mechanism is set at the discharge port of each valve chamber, and the left and right discharge pipes of each turning shell in the first-stage turning and separating mechanism are respectively set at the receiving pipe of each turning shell in the second-stage turning and separating mechanism.

Images