Pneumatic down-hole hammer

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of seismic exploration equipment, in particular to a pneumatic down-hole hammer which comprises an outer sleeve, a front connector and a rear connector are arranged at the two ends of the outer sleeve respectively, an air cylinder is coaxially arranged in the outer sleeve, and a non-return assembly is arranged on the side, close to the rear connector, of the air cylinder. A piston is connected into the air cylinder in a sliding mode, a valve seat is further arranged on the side, close to the non-return assembly, of the air cylinder, an air exchange adjusting assembly is arranged on the side wall of the air cylinder, and the air exchange adjusting assembly adjusts the moving direction of the piston in the air cylinder. The pneumatic impactor has the advantages that the impact efficiency of the pneumatic impactor is improved, the air tightness is improved, and the drilling efficiency of a hard stratum in a shallow water area is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of seismic exploration equipment, in particular to a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the land shallow water area, with the development of technology and the expansion of application, the importance in the whole seismic exploration field is increasingly prominent. But the exploration is difficult, the underground lithology is mainly hard rock layer, the existing drilling tool drilling efficiency is low, easy to damage, which restricts the exploration progress and cost control.

[0003] Therefore, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is generally used to impact the underground rock stratum at present, but the drilling depth of the current pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is greatly affected by the underground water level and water quantity, which limits its application. The internal structure difference causes the insufficient impact efficiency and the insufficient air tightness. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] In order to improve the impact efficiency of the pneumatic hammer, improve the air tightness, and improve the drilling efficiency of the hard stratum in the shallow water area, the present application provides a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer.

[0005] The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, comprising an outer sleeve, the two ends of the outer sleeve are respectively provided with a front joint and a rear joint, a gas cylinder is coaxially arranged in the inner part of the outer sleeve, a check assembly is arranged on the side of the gas cylinder close to the rear joint, a piston is slidably connected in the inner part of the gas cylinder, a valve seat is further arranged on the side of the gas cylinder close to the check assembly, a gas exchange adjusting assembly is arranged on the side wall of the gas cylinder, and the gas exchange adjusting assembly adjusts the moving direction of the piston in the inner part of the gas cylinder.

[0007] Optionally, the check assembly comprises a check valve, a first groove is formed on the side of the valve seat close to the check valve, an elastic member is arranged in the inner part of the first groove, one end of the elastic member away from the valve seat is connected with the check valve, a variable diameter hole is formed in the inner part of the rear joint relative to the outer side wall of the check valve, the diameter of the side of the variable diameter hole away from the outer sleeve is smaller than the maximum diameter of the check valve, and the diameter of the side of the variable diameter hole close to the outer sleeve is greater than the maximum diameter of the check valve.

[0008] Optionally, the check valve comprises a main body, a connecting part is fixedly connected to one end of the main body close to the valve seat, a spring groove is coaxially formed in the bottom wall of the connecting part, and the end part of the elastic member extends into the inner part of the spring groove.

[0009] Optionally, the spring groove is a ring-shaped groove body, and the connecting portion forms a guide column through the spring groove, and the guide column is located inside the elastic member.

[0010] Optionally, the main body is made of PA46 nylon material.

[0011] Optionally, a sealing ring is arranged between the rear joint and the outer sleeve.

[0012] Optionally, a guide sleeve is arranged at one end of the cylinder close to the front joint, and the end of the piston is located inside the guide sleeve and is in relative sliding connection.

[0013] Optionally, the gas exchange adjusting assembly comprises a first gas exchange hole arranged on one side of the cylinder close to the rear joint, the first gas exchange hole communicates the inside of the cylinder with the inside of the outer sleeve, a second gas exchange hole is arranged on one side of the cylinder close to the front joint, the second gas exchange hole communicates the inside of the cylinder with the inside of the outer sleeve, and a closed annular surface is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston, and the inside of the cylinder is divided into a front cavity close to the first gas exchange hole and a rear cavity close to the second gas exchange hole.

[0014] Optionally, a first exhaust hole is coaxially arranged in the inside of the piston, the first exhaust hole penetrates the piston, a second exhaust hole is coaxially arranged in the valve seat, the second exhaust hole penetrates the valve seat, and the first exhaust hole and the second exhaust hole are oppositely arranged.

[0015] Optionally, a guide exhaust hole is arranged in the side wall of the guide sleeve, and the guide exhaust hole penetrates the guide sleeve.

[0016] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] 1. The piston adopts the extraction principle, reduces the mass of the piston, reduces the contact area with the cylinder, reduces the friction, improves the impact frequency of the piston and the impact work per unit time, and improves the drilling capacity.

[0018] 2. The spring is changed from external to internal, which reduces the radial force interference and avoids bending, which causes the spring force to weaken and the impurities to jam the check valve.

[0019] 3. The sealing ring design is increased, the air tightness is increased with the check valve, and the drill cuttings are not easy to backflow after shutdown. Through the improvement of the down-the-hole hammer, drilling tests are carried out in different work areas, the drilling efficiency is improved by 43%, the maintenance time is reduced by 0.5h each time, and the failure rate is reduced by 45%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure at the position of the air cylinder of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a sectional view of the structure at the position of the air cylinder of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the valve seat of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 Figure 5 is a sectional view of the valve seat of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 6 Figure 6 is a sectional view of the check valve of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0028] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be practiced without other different ways from those described herein, and therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] In the land shallow water area, with the progress of technology and the expansion of application, the importance in the whole field of seismic exploration is increasingly prominent. However, the exploration is difficult, the underground lithology is mainly hard rock layer, the existing drilling tool has low drilling efficiency and is easy to be damaged, which restricts the exploration progress and cost control.

[0030] Therefore, at present, the pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is generally used to impact drill the underground rock stratum, but the drilling depth of the current pneumatic down-the-hole hammer is greatly affected by the underground water level and water quantity, which limits the application thereof. The internal structural difference causes the insufficient impact efficiency and the insufficient air tightness.

[0031] In order to improve the impact efficiency of the pneumatic hammer, improve the air tightness, and improve the drilling efficiency of the hard stratum in the shallow water area, the application provides a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer.

[0032] The following will be further described in combination with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-6 The application is further described in detail.

[0033] The application discloses a pneumatic down-the-hole hammer. Referring to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The pneumatic down-the-hole hammer comprises an outer sleeve 1, the outer sleeve 1 is in a tubular structure, a front joint 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the outer sleeve 1, a rear joint 12 is fixedly connected to an end of the outer sleeve 1 away from the front joint 11, and the front joint 11 and the outer sleeve 1 are coaxially arranged, and the rear joint 12 and the outer sleeve 1 are coaxially arranged. A sealing ring 13 is arranged between the front joint 11 and the outer sleeve 1, and in some embodiments, the sealing ring 13 is an O-shaped sealing ring 13.

[0034] A gas cylinder 2 is coaxially arranged in the inner part of the outer sleeve 1, and the gas cylinder 2 is fixedly connected with the outer sleeve 1. An anti-return assembly 3 is arranged at one end of the gas cylinder 2 close to the rear joint 12, the anti-return assembly 3 allows the gas outside to enter the inner part of the gas cylinder 2 through the rear joint 12, and reduces the leakage of the gas in the inner part of the gas cylinder 2 from the position of the rear joint 12, thereby forming a one-way gas flow.

[0035] Referring to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The anti-return assembly 3 comprises a valve seat 31 arranged at one end of the gas cylinder 2 close to the rear joint 12, a support block 311 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the valve seat 31, the support block 311 is overlapped on the end part of the outer side wall of the valve seat 31, and the valve seat 31 is fixedly connected with the gas cylinder 2.

[0036] Referring to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 A first groove body 312 is coaxially arranged on one side of the valve seat 31 close to the rear joint 12, the first groove body 312 is coaxially arranged with a main body part 321, a spring 313 is arranged in the inner part of the first groove body 312, one end of the spring 313 abuts against the bottom end of the first groove body 312, and the other end of the spring 313 extends out from the inner part of the first groove body 312 towards one side of the rear joint 12.

[0037] Referring to Figure 2 、 Figure 6The side of the valve seat 31 close to the rear joint 12 is provided with a check valve 32, the check valve 32 includes a main body part 321 away from the side of the valve seat 31 and a connecting part 322 close to the side of the valve seat 31, and the main body part 321 and the connecting part 322 are fixedly connected. In some embodiments, the main body part 321 is a mushroom-shaped structure, and the outer diameter of the main body part 321 gradually increases from the end away from the valve seat 31 to the end close to the valve seat 31. The inner side wall of the rear joint 12 is provided with a variable diameter hole at the position relative to the main body part 321, the diameter of the end of the variable diameter hole away from the valve seat 31 is smaller than the diameter of the end close to the valve seat 31, and the diameter of the small diameter position of the variable diameter hole is smaller than the maximum diameter of the main body part 321, and the diameter of the large diameter position of the variable diameter hole is larger than the maximum diameter of the main body part 321.

[0038] Further, the intersection position of the small diameter and the large diameter of the variable diameter hole forms a step, when the outer side wall of the main body part 321 abuts on the step, the main body part 321 closes the air inlet of the rear joint 12, when the main body part 321 moves towards the side close to the valve seat 31, the main body part 321 is separated from the step, the air inlet of the rear joint 12 is opened, and the high-pressure gas in the outside can enter the inside of the outer sleeve 1 through the air inlet of the rear joint 12 and the flow channel between the large diameter position and the main body part 321.

[0039] The connecting part 322 is coaxially provided with a spring groove 323 close to the side of the valve seat 31, the spring groove 323 is an annular groove, and the spring groove 323 is opposite to the spring 313, one end of the spring 313 extending out of the first groove 312 extends into the inside of the spring groove 323, so that one end of the spring 313 abuts on the valve seat 31, and the other end of the spring 313 abuts on the connecting part 322. Since the spring groove 323 is an annular groove, the connecting part 322 located in the inside of the spring groove 323 forms a rod-shaped guide column 324, and the guide column 324 is located in the inside of the spring 313, so that the compression and recovery of the spring 313 can be guided and limited by the guide column 324.

[0040] The spring 313 can provide a reset force for the check valve or the valve seat 31, ensure the timeliness of the gas path switching, buffer the impact force at the backstroke end of the buffer piston 4, prolong the service life of the components, and maintain the sealing contact pressure of the valve core and the valve seat 31.

[0041] In some embodiments, the main body part 321 adopts PA46 nylon material which is more wear-resistant, and is not easy to jam, and the sealing effect is improved.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 3Inside the cylinder 2, a piston 4 is coaxially arranged. The piston 4 and the cylinder 2 are relatively slidably connected. A closed annular surface is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the piston 4. The outer wall of the closed annular surface abuts against the inside of the cylinder 2 and is relatively slidably connected. The cylinder 2 forms a relatively separated front chamber and rear chamber through the closed annular surface of the piston 4.

[0043] A first vent 21 is provided at a position opposite to the valve seat 31, and the first vent 21 is opposite to the front cavity. A second vent 22 is provided at a position in the rear cavity of the cylinder 2. The first vent 21 connects the interior of the cylinder 2 to the exterior, and the second vent 22 connects the interior of the cylinder 2 to the exterior. Multiple first vents 21 and multiple second vents 22 are provided at equal intervals along the circumference.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 A first exhaust port 41 is coaxially provided on the piston 4, which completely penetrates the piston 4. A second exhaust port 314 is coaxially provided on the valve seat 31, which completely penetrates the valve seat 31. The first exhaust port 41 and the second exhaust port 314 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0045] A guide sleeve 5 is provided at one end of cylinder 2 near the front connector 11. The bottom end of piston 4 extends into the interior of guide sleeve 5, and the inner side wall of guide sleeve 5 slides against the outer side wall of piston 4. The guide sleeve 5 limits and guides the movement direction of piston 4.

[0046] A guide vent hole 51 is provided radially on the outer side wall of the guide sleeve 5. The guide vent hole 51 completely penetrates the side wall of the guide sleeve 5 and connects the inside and outside of the guide sleeve 5.

[0047] The down-the-hole impactor drives piston 4 to reciprocate at high speed through the circulating flow of compressed air. When piston 4 returns (moves backward), it stores energy; during the stroke (moves forward), it converts kinetic energy into impact energy, which is then transferred to the rock via the drill bit. The entire working cycle consists of four stages: intake, compression, impact, exhaust, and reset. All components work together to switch air paths, transfer energy, and guide motion.

[0048] In this application, the term "multiple" refers to at least two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "certain embodiments", and the like are intended to indicate that the described implementation, feature, structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The illustrative representations of the above terms in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

Claims

1. A pneumatic down-the-hole hammer, characterized by: The utility model provides a kind of air cylinder, including outer sleeve (1), the front joint (11) and rear joint (12) are provided with respectively in the both ends of outer sleeve (1), the inside coaxial of outer sleeve (1) is provided with cylinder (2), the side of cylinder (2) close to rear joint (12) is provided with check assembly (3), the inside sliding connection of cylinder (2) has piston (4), the side of cylinder (2) close to check assembly (3) is further provided with valve seat (31), the lateral wall of cylinder (2) is provided with gas exchange adjustment assembly, gas exchange adjustment assembly adjusts the direction of piston (4) inside cylinder (2) moves.

2. The pneumatic chipping hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The check assembly includes a check valve, the side of the valve seat (31) close to the check valve (32) is provided with a first groove (312), the inside of the first groove (312) is provided with a resilient member, the end of the resilient member away from the valve seat (31) is connected with the check valve, the inside of the rear joint (12) is provided with a variable diameter hole relative to the outside wall of the check valve, the diameter of the side of the variable diameter hole away from the outer sleeve (1) is smaller than the maximum diameter of the check valve, the diameter of the side of the variable diameter hole close to the outer sleeve (1) is larger than the maximum diameter of the check valve.

3. The pneumatic chipping hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The check valve includes a main body (321), the end of the main body close to the valve seat (31) is fixedly connected with a connecting portion (322), the bottom wall of the connecting portion (322) is coaxially provided with a spring groove (323), the end of the resilient member extends into the inside of the spring groove (323).

4. The pneumatic chipping hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spring groove (323) is an annular groove, the connecting portion (322) forms a guide column (324) through the spring groove (323), and the guide column (324) is located in the inside of the resilient member.

5. The pneumatic chipping hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main body (321) is made of PA46 nylon material.

6. The pneumatic chipping hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (13) is arranged between the rear joint (12) and the outer sleeve (1).

7. The pneumatic chipping hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (1) is provided with a guide sleeve (5) at the end close to the front joint (11) of the cylinder (2), and the end of the piston (4) is relatively slidingly connected in the inside of the guide sleeve (5).

8. The pneumatic chipping hammer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas exchange adjustment assembly includes a first gas exchange hole (21) provided at the side of the cylinder (2) close to the rear joint (12), the first gas exchange hole (21) communicates the inside of the cylinder (2) with the inside of the outer sleeve (1), a second gas exchange hole (22) is provided at the side of the cylinder (2) close to the front joint (11), the second gas exchange hole (22) communicates the inside of the cylinder (2) with the inside of the outer sleeve (1), and the lateral wall of the piston (4) is fixedly connected with a closed annular surface, the inside of the cylinder (2) is divided into a front cavity close to the first gas exchange hole (21) and a rear cavity close to the second gas exchange hole (22) by the closed annular surface.

9. The pneumatic chipping hammer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The piston (4) is coaxially provided with a first exhaust hole (41) penetrating the piston (4), the valve seat (31) is coaxially provided with a second exhaust hole (314) penetrating the valve seat (31), and the first exhaust hole (41) and the second exhaust hole (314) are oppositely arranged.

10. The pneumatic chipping hammer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side wall of the guide sleeve (5) is provided with a guide exhaust hole (51) penetrating the guide sleeve (5).

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