Household garbage pyrolysis gasification device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of household garbage treatment, and relates to a household garbage pyrolysis gasification device. Comprising a pyrolyzing furnace and a gasifier connected with the pyrolyzing furnace, a first garbage feeding hole, a second garbage feeding hole and an air inlet are sequentially formed in the side wall of the pyrolyzing furnace from top to bottom; a pyrolyzing furnace interlayer is arranged on the side wall of the pyrolyzing furnace; a plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged in the pyrolyzing furnace; the pyrolyzing furnace interlayer is communicated with the heat exchange plate; a pyrolysis gas outlet and a flue gas outlet are formed in the top of the pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolyzing furnace interlayer is communicated with the flue gas outlet; a pyrolytic carbon discharging device is arranged below the heat exchange plate; the pyrolytic carbon discharging device is connected with the pyrolytic carbon discharging opening; a feeding pipe is arranged in the gasification furnace; the method has the characteristics of greenness, low carbon and comprehensive utilization of resources.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of domestic waste treatment, and relates to a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the production of urban domestic waste has increased dramatically, bringing great challenges to urban environmental management. Traditional waste disposal methods, such as landfill, composting and incineration, have alleviated the problem of waste disposal to some extent, but each has significant defects. Landfill method occupies a large amount of land resources and may cause soil and groundwater pollution; composting technology is limited by waste composition and pretreatment requirements, and has low processing efficiency; incineration method may produce harmful gases and cause secondary pollution to the environment.

[0003] Under this background, pyrolysis gasification technology, as a new type of waste disposal method, has gradually attracted people's attention and favor. Pyrolysis gasification refers to the pyrolysis reaction of organic matter in waste under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions using high temperature to generate small molecule gases (such as hydrogen, methane, etc.), tar and residue. This technology has the advantages of reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization, and can effectively solve the problem of urban domestic waste disposal.

[0004] However, the heating method of the existing pyrolysis gasification device is not efficient enough, resulting in high energy consumption and long preheating time, which affects the processing efficiency. For example, many pyrolysis gasification devices still rely on traditional heating methods, such as resistance heating or combustion heating. These methods not only have low efficiency, but also require a large amount of energy input to maintain the required reaction temperature. Resistance heating is simple and direct, but it has high energy consumption, slow heating speed and difficulty in achieving precise temperature control of the pyrolysis gasification process. Combustion heating may produce additional pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides, which not only increase the difficulty of subsequent tail gas treatment, but also may cause secondary pollution to the environment. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] The utility model aims at solving the problems in the prior art and provides a domestic waste pyrolysis gasification device with the characteristics of green, low carbon and resource comprehensive utilization.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] This utility model provides a municipal solid waste pyrolysis gasification device, including a pyrolysis furnace and a gasification furnace connected thereto; the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a first waste inlet, a second waste inlet, and an air inlet from top to bottom; a pyrolysis furnace jacket is provided on the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace; multiple heat exchange plates are provided inside the pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolysis furnace jacket and the heat exchange plates are connected; a pyrolysis gas outlet and a flue gas outlet are provided at the top of the pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolysis furnace jacket and the flue gas outlet are connected; a pyrolysis carbon discharge device is provided below the heat exchange plates; the pyrolysis carbon discharge device is connected to the pyrolysis carbon discharge outlet; a feed pipe is provided inside the gasification furnace; the feed pipe is connected to the pyrolysis carbon discharge outlet; a mixed gas outlet is provided above the feed pipe; an oxygen inlet and a steam inlet are provided on the side wall of the gasification furnace; a gasification furnace jacket is provided on the side wall of the gasification furnace; the pyrolysis furnace jacket and the gasification furnace jacket are connected by a flue gas connecting pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a recovery gas inlet is provided on the side wall of the gasifier; the recovery gas inlet is located above the second waste inlet.

[0009] Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace is further provided with an air distribution pipe; the air distribution pipe is connected to an air inlet.

[0010] Preferably, the heat exchange plate is inclined.

[0011] Preferably, a slag collection hopper is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0012] Preferably, a first slag outlet is provided below the slag collection hopper.

[0013] Preferably, the feed pipe and the pyrolysis carbon outlet are connected by a crushing device.

[0014] Preferably, the feed pipe is provided with multiple fabric inlets.

[0015] Preferably, the oxygen inlet is connected to the air separator.

[0016] Preferably, the gasifier is provided with a second slag outlet at the bottom.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention achieves the carbonization of municipal solid waste through a pyrolysis furnace. With two feed inlets, it utilizes a portion of the waste as a heat source for the carbonization process, achieving the effect of treating pollution with pollution and efficient waste disposal. The heat required for the gasification process comes from the pyrolysis furnace. The high-temperature flue gas generated during combustion heats the gasifier through the pyrolysis furnace jacket, flue gas connecting pipe, and gasifier jacket, providing energy for the gasification of pyrolyzed carbon. Simultaneously, the mixed gas generated during gasification can be transported back to the pyrolysis furnace for combustion. This device is characterized by its green, low-carbon, and comprehensive resource utilization features. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This utility model relates to a pyrolysis and gasification device for municipal solid waste;

[0021] The components are as follows: 1. First waste inlet; 2. Heat exchange plate; 3. Pyrolysis furnace jacket; 4. Pyrolysis carbon discharge device; 5. Recovery gas inlet; 6. Second waste inlet; 7. Air inlet; 8. Air distribution pipe; 9. Slag hopper; 10. First slag outlet; 11. Flue gas connecting pipe; 12. Pyrolysis carbon outlet; 13. Pyrolysis gas outlet; 14. Flue gas outlet; 15. Crushing device; 16. Feed pipe; 17. Material distribution port; 18. Oxygen inlet; 19. Steam inlet; 20. Air separator; 21. Second slag outlet; 22. Mixed gas outlet; 23. Gasification furnace jacket. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0029] This utility model provides a pyrolysis gasification device for municipal solid waste, such as... Figure 1As shown, the system includes a pyrolysis furnace and a gasifier connected thereto; the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace is provided with a first waste inlet 1, a second waste inlet 6, and an air inlet 7 from top to bottom; a pyrolysis furnace jacket 3 is provided on the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace; multiple heat exchange plates 2 are provided inside the pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolysis furnace jacket 3 and the heat exchange plates 2 are connected; a pyrolysis gas outlet 13 and a flue gas outlet 14 are provided at the top of the pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolysis furnace jacket 3 and the flue gas outlet 14 are connected; and a gasifier is located below the heat exchange plates 2. The gasifier is equipped with a pyrolysis carbon discharge device 4, which is connected to a pyrolysis carbon discharge port 12. A feed pipe 16 is installed inside the gasifier, connected to the pyrolysis carbon discharge port 12. A mixed gas outlet 22 is located above the feed pipe 16. An oxygen inlet 18 and a steam inlet 19 are located on the side wall of the gasifier. A gasifier jacket 23 is located on the side wall of the gasifier. The pyrolysis furnace jacket 3 and the gasifier jacket 23 are connected by a flue gas connecting pipe 11. A slag collection hopper 9 is located at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, and a first slag outlet 10 is located below the slag collection hopper 9. A second slag outlet 21 is located at the bottom of the gasifier.

[0030] The design of two waste inlets allows part of the municipal solid waste to undergo carbonization in the carbonization zone corresponding to the first waste inlet 1, while the other part is burned in the combustion zone corresponding to the second waste inlet 6 to provide heat for the carbonization process, achieving the effect of treating pollution with pollution and efficient treatment. Air inlet 7 provides oxygen for the combustion of municipal solid waste in the combustion zone. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion provides heat for the carbonization process through the pyrolysis furnace jacket 3 and heat exchange plates 2, and is then discharged through flue gas outlet 14. The residue generated by combustion is collected in the slag hopper 9 and discharged through the first slag outlet 10. The pyrolytic carbon produced during the carbonization process is transported to the pyrolytic carbon discharge port 12 by the pyrolytic carbon discharge device 4, and enters the gasifier through the feed pipe 16. The pyrolytic carbon, oxygen from the oxygen inlet 18 and water vapor from the steam inlet 19 undergo a gasification process under certain temperature and pressure. The high-temperature mixed gas produced by gasification is discharged from the mixed gas outlet 22, and the residue produced by gasification is discharged from the second slag outlet 21. The heat required for the gasification process comes from the combustion zone at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace. The high-temperature flue gas produced by combustion is heated through the pyrolysis furnace jacket 3, the flue gas connecting pipe 11, and the gasifier jacket 23.

[0031] A recovery gas inlet 5 is provided on the side wall of the gasifier; the recovery gas inlet 5 is located above the second waste inlet 6. The pyrolysis gas generated by the carbonization process is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet 13, and then transported through a pipeline to the recovery gas inlet 5, where it enters the combustion zone for re-combustion.

[0032] The pyrolysis furnace is also equipped with an air distribution pipe 8, which is connected to the air inlet 7. The air distribution pipe 8 ensures that the air is evenly distributed inside the pyrolysis furnace, avoiding local oxygen deficiency or oxygen excess, which helps to achieve uniform combustion and gasification of waste during the pyrolysis process and improves pyrolysis efficiency.

[0033] The heat exchange plate 2 is inclined. The inclined heat exchange plate 2 can change the flow state of the high-temperature flue gas in the pyrolysis furnace, making it generate eddies or turbulence, thereby increasing the contact area and contact time between the high-temperature flue gas and the heat exchange plate 2, which helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency and allows the heat in the high-temperature flue gas to be transferred to the heat exchange plate 2 more fully.

[0034] The feed pipe 16 and the pyrolysis carbon outlet 12 are connected by a crushing device 15. The crushing device 15 can refine the larger pyrolysis carbon particles discharged from the pyrolysis carbon outlet 12, making them easier to fully contact and react with oxygen and steam in the gasifier, thereby improving gasification efficiency.

[0035] The feed pipe 16 is provided with multiple material distribution ports 17, which can ensure that the pyrolytic carbon is evenly distributed within the feed pipe 16, avoiding the accumulation of pyrolytic carbon or local shortages. At the same time, the multiple material distribution ports 17 can make the pyrolytic carbon evenly distributed, which helps to ensure the uniform reaction inside the gasifier and improves the gasification efficiency.

[0036] The oxygen inlet 18 is connected to the air separator 20. The air separator 20 can separate high-purity oxygen from the air and supply it to the gasifier through the oxygen inlet 18. The supply of pure oxygen helps to accelerate the gasification process of municipal solid waste and improve gasification efficiency.

[0037] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0038] Municipal solid waste enters the municipal solid waste pyrolysis gasification system through the first waste inlet 1 and the second waste inlet 6. Waste entering through the first waste inlet 1 undergoes carbonization treatment in the carbonization zone at a temperature of 300-500℃ for 0.5-2 hours. Waste entering through the second waste inlet 6 undergoes combustion heating in the combustion zone. Air enters through the air inlet 7 and passes through the air distribution pipe 8 to provide oxygen for the combustion process. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion provides heat for the carbonization process through the pyrolysis furnace jacket 3 and heat exchange plate 2. The flue gas after heat exchange is discharged through the flue gas outlet 14. The pyrolysis gas generated during the carbonization process is discharged through the pyrolysis gas outlet 13 and transported through a pipeline to the recovery gas inlet 5 for combustion. The pyrolysis carbon generated by carbonization is transported to the pyrolysis carbon outlet 12 by the pyrolysis carbon discharge device 4. The residue generated by combustion is discharged through the first slag outlet 10.

[0039] The pyrolytic carbon from the pyrolytic carbon outlet 12 is first crushed by the crushing device 15. The crushed pyrolytic carbon has a particle size of <0.1mm and then enters the gasifier through the feed pipe 16. The material is distributed through the feeding port 17. The pyrolytic carbon, oxygen from the oxygen inlet 18, and water vapor from the steam inlet 19 undergo a gasification process under certain temperature and pressure. The gasification temperature is 900-1200℃, the gasification pressure is 2.0-4.0 MPa, and the gasification time is 1-2 hours. The high-temperature mixed gas generated by gasification is discharged through the mixed gas outlet 22. The residue generated by gasification is discharged through the second slag outlet 21. The heat required for the gasification process comes from the combustion zone at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion is heated through the pyrolysis furnace jacket 3, the flue gas connecting pipe 11, and the gasifier jacket 23.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis gasification device for municipal solid waste, characterized in that, The application relates to a waste gasification device, which comprises a pyrolysis furnace and a gasification furnace connected with the pyrolysis furnace; first garbage feeding ports (1), second garbage feeding ports (6) and air inlets (7) are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace from top to bottom; a pyrolysis furnace interlayer (3) is arranged on the side wall of the pyrolysis furnace; a plurality of heat exchange plates (2) are arranged in the pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolysis furnace interlayer (3) and the heat exchange plates (2) are communicated; a pyrolysis gas outlet (13) and a flue gas outlet (14) are arranged on the top of the pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolysis furnace interlayer (3) and the flue gas outlet (14) are communicated; a pyrolysis carbon discharging device (4) is arranged below the heat exchange plates (2); the pyrolysis carbon discharging device (4) is connected with a pyrolysis carbon discharging port (12); a feeding pipe (16) is arranged in the gasification furnace; the feeding pipe (16) is connected with the pyrolysis carbon discharging port (12); a mixed gas outlet (22) is arranged above the feeding pipe (16); oxygen inlets (18) and steam inlets (19) are arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace; a gasification furnace interlayer (23) is arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace; the pyrolysis furnace interlayer (3) and the gasification furnace interlayer (23) are connected through a flue gas connecting pipe (11).

2. The device for pyrolysis and gasification of household waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, Recovery gas inlets (5) are arranged on the side wall of the gasification furnace; the recovery gas inlets (5) are located above the second garbage feeding ports (6).

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein Air distribution pipes (8) are further arranged in the pyrolysis furnace; the air distribution pipes (8) are communicated with the air inlets (7).

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein The heat exchange plates (2) are arranged in an inclined mode.

5. The device for pyrolysis and gasification of household waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, A slag collecting hopper (9) is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace.

6. The device according to claim 5, wherein A first slag discharging port (10) is arranged below the slag collecting hopper (9).

7. The device according to claim 1, wherein The feeding pipe (16) and the pyrolysis carbon discharging port (12) are connected through a crushing device (15).

8. The device according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of distribution ports (17) are arranged on the feeding pipe (16).

9. The device according to claim 1, wherein The oxygen inlets (18) are connected with air separators (20).

10. The device according to claim 1, wherein A second slag discharging port (21) is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace.

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