Safety protection device of automatic drop hammer testing machine
By combining the design of multi-layered protective steel rings and supporting structures, the anchoring stability and limiting problems of the safety protection device of the drop hammer test machine are solved, thereby achieving the fixation and safety improvement of the drop hammer and simplifying the assembly and maintenance process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521619051.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-31
AI Technical Summary
The existing safety protection devices of the drop hammer test machine have insufficient anchoring stability and poor drop hammer limiting effect, which makes it impossible to fix the position of the drop hammer after impact, and there is a safety hazard of secondary shaking or bouncing.
The design employs a combination of multi-layered retaining steel rings and supporting structures, including first, second, and third retaining steel rings and fixed steel rings. These are connected by vertical and diagonal steel pipes, combined with diagonal braces, anchor bolts, and vertical round steel pipes to form a high-strength overall load-bearing system that is anchored to the ground to ensure the fixed position of the drop hammer.
It effectively prevents the drop hammer from bouncing or shifting after the impact test, improves test safety, simplifies the assembly process, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the accuracy of test data.
Smart Images
Figure CN223742153U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of component disaster simulation, and in particular to a safety protection device for an automatic drop hammer testing machine. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of engineering construction, the impact resistance of structural components is one of the key indicators for assessing structural safety. This is especially true in large infrastructure projects such as bridges and buildings, where the stability of components after impact directly affects the safety of people's lives and property. To study the mechanical response and impact resistance of components under impact loads, the self-weight drop hammer impact testing machine has become a commonly used testing device in laboratories due to its advantages such as ease of operation and simulation effects close to actual working conditions. However, existing drop hammer testing machines generally suffer from insufficient anchoring stability and poor drop hammer limiting effects, making it impossible to effectively fix the position of the drop hammer after impact, potentially leading to secondary shaking or bouncing, increasing safety hazards. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a safety protection device for an automatic drop hammer testing machine, which aims to improve the safety of the safety protection device for the dynamic drop hammer testing machine.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0005] This utility model provides a safety protection device for an automatic falling weight testing machine, including a falling weight enclosure structure and a support structure. The falling weight enclosure structure includes a first enclosure steel ring, a second enclosure steel ring, a third enclosure steel ring, and a fixed steel ring. The first and second enclosure steel rings are connected by a vertical square steel pipe, and the third enclosure steel ring and the fixed steel ring are connected by an oblique square steel pipe. The second and third enclosure steel rings are connected by fasteners. The support structure includes diagonal braces, anchor bolts, vertical round steel pipes, fixed pads, and washers. The fixed pads and washers have through holes. The anchor bolts pass through the through holes of the washers and fixed pads and are anchored to pre-reserved anchor holes in the ground. The washers are fixed at a preset position by the threads of the anchor bolts. The vertical round steel pipes are sleeved on the anchor bolts, and the bottom of the vertical round steel pipes abuts against the washers. The diagonal braces are connected to the first enclosure steel ring, the second enclosure steel ring, and the vertical round steel pipe respectively.
[0006] The diagonal brace includes a vertical main rod and multiple diagonal connecting rods. The diagonal connecting rods are connected to the vertical main rod and form an angle with it. The two ends of the vertical main rod are connected to the first and second retaining steel rings, respectively, and the multiple diagonal connecting rods are connected to the side walls of the vertical circular steel pipe.
[0007] The first, second, and third protective steel rings are used to secure the drop hammer after the impact test. The safety protection device of the automatic drop hammer testing machine is located below the drop hammer, and the central axis of the safety protection device is aligned with the central axis of the drop hammer. The drop hammer consists of a hammer body and a hammer head, with the hammer head connected to the hammer body and positioned close to the first protective steel ring.
[0008] The width of the hammer body is smaller than the diameter of the first protective steel ring, but larger than the diameter of the fixed steel ring. The diameter of the first protective steel ring is equal to the diameter of the second protective steel ring, and the diameter of the second protective steel ring is equal to the diameter of the third protective steel ring.
[0009] The width of the hammer head is smaller than the width of the hammer body, and the width of the hammer head is smaller than the diameter of the fixing steel ring. The diameter of the fixing steel ring is smaller than the diameter of the first protective steel ring.
[0010] The fasteners are bolts and matching nuts. The second and third enclosure steel rings have openings through which the bolts pass to engage with the nuts, thus securing the second and third enclosure steel rings together.
[0011] The projection of the first enclosure steel ring onto the third enclosure steel ring overlaps with the third enclosure steel ring. The projection of the second enclosure steel ring onto the third enclosure steel ring overlaps with the third enclosure steel ring.
[0012] The number of vertical square steel pipes is at least two. When the number of vertical square steel pipes is even, multiple vertical square steel pipes are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the first enclosure steel ring.
[0013] The number of diagonal braces, anchor bolts, vertical round steel pipes, fixing blocks and shims are all two, and they are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the first protective steel ring.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0015] 1. This utility model utilizes a combination design of multiple layers of protective steel rings (first, second, and third protective steel rings and a fixed steel ring) with vertical and diagonal square steel pipes to form a three-dimensional drop hammer protection structure. Combined with the diagonal braces, vertical round steel pipes, and anchor bolts in the support structure, a high-strength overall load-bearing system is constructed. The anchor bolts penetrate the fixed pads and washers and are anchored to the ground. Combined with the preset height positioning of the washers, this ensures the overall device remains level and does not tilt, while providing sufficient pull-out resistance and lateral restraint through ground anchoring, effectively resisting the reaction force generated by the drop hammer impact and preventing the device from shaking or tipping over. Simultaneously, the dimensional matching between the hammer body and the fixed steel ring (the hammer body width is greater than the fixed steel ring diameter) can directly limit the drop hammer position after the impact test, preventing it from bouncing or deviating, significantly improving test safety.
[0016] 2. In the drop hammer retaining structure, the second and third retaining steel rings are connected by bolts, nuts, and other fasteners, enabling quick assembly and disassembly of the upper and lower parts. The vertical round steel pipes of the supporting structure are directly fitted with anchor bolts, and the diagonal braces are connected to the retaining steel rings and vertical round steel pipes by welding or detachable connections. The overall assembly process is simple and requires no complex tools. In addition, each component, such as the vertical square steel pipe and the diagonal square steel pipe, adopts a modular design, allowing for individual replacement if damaged, significantly reducing maintenance costs and time. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of a safety protection device for an automatic falling hammer testing machine provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a left view of a safety protection device for an automatic falling hammer testing machine provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a beveled square steel pipe provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a drop hammer enclosure structure provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a diagonal brace provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an anchor bolt provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0023] Among them, 1 is the first protective steel ring, 2 is the second protective steel ring, 3 is the third protective steel ring, 4 is the fixed steel ring, 5 is the vertical square steel pipe, 6 is the diagonal square steel pipe, 71 is the bolt, 72 is the nut, 8 is the diagonal brace, 81 is the vertical main rod, 82 is the diagonal connecting rod, 9 is the anchor bolt, 10 is the vertical round steel pipe, 11 is the fixing pad, 12 is the washer, 13 is the hammer body, and 14 is the hammer head. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] This utility model provides a safety protection device for an automatic falling weight testing machine, exemplified by, for example, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes a drop hammer retaining structure and a support structure. The drop hammer retaining structure includes a first retaining steel ring 1, a second retaining steel ring 2, a third retaining steel ring 3, and a fixed steel ring 4. The first retaining steel ring 1 and the second retaining steel ring 2 are connected by a vertical square steel pipe 5, and the third retaining steel ring 3 and the fixed steel ring 4 are connected by a diagonal square steel pipe 6. The second retaining steel ring 2 and the third retaining steel ring 3 are connected by fasteners. The support structure includes diagonal braces 8, anchor bolts 9, vertical round steel pipes 10, fixed pads 11, and washers 12. The fixed pads 11 and washers 12 are provided with through holes. The anchor bolts 9 pass through the through holes of the washers 12 and the fixed pads 11 in sequence and are anchored to the pre-reserved anchor holes in the ground. The washers 12 are fixed at a preset position by the threads of the anchor bolts 9. The vertical round steel pipes 10 are sleeved on the anchor bolts 9, and the bottom of the vertical round steel pipes 10 abuts against the washers 12. The diagonal brace 8 is connected to the first protective steel ring 1, the second protective steel ring 2, and the vertical circular steel pipe 10, respectively.
[0026] The first protective steel ring 1, the second protective steel ring 2, the third protective steel ring 3, and the fixed steel ring 4 form the main frame of the drop hammer enclosure structure. These four layers of steel rings are connected by different steel pipes to form a cohesive whole. Their main function is to limit the position of the drop hammer after impact, preventing it from shifting or bouncing. The vertical square steel pipe 5 serves as the connecting component between the first protective steel ring 1 and the second protective steel ring 2, with both ends fixed (e.g., welded) to the two layers of steel rings, forming vertical supports and enhancing the rigidity of the upper drop hammer enclosure structure. For example, refer to... Figure 3 The oblique square steel pipe 6 connects the third retaining steel ring 3 and the fixed steel ring 4. By obliquely arranging the steel pipe, the lateral force generated by the falling hammer impact is dispersed, thereby improving the stability of the lower falling hammer retaining structure.
[0027] The first protective steel ring 1, the second protective steel ring 2, and the third protective steel ring 3 are used to fix the drop hammer after the impact test. The safety protection device of the automatic drop hammer testing machine is placed below the drop hammer, and the central axis of the safety protection device is aligned with the central axis of the drop hammer (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (As shown by the dashed line) are on the same straight line. The drop hammer includes a hammer body 13 and a hammer head 14, which is connected to the hammer body 13 and is close to the first protective steel ring 1.
[0028] As one possible implementation method, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The width of the hammer body 13 is smaller than the diameter of the first protective steel ring 1, but larger than the diameter of the fixed steel ring 4. The diameter of the first protective steel ring 1 is equal to the diameter of the second protective steel ring 2, and the diameter of the second protective steel ring 2 is equal to the diameter of the third protective steel ring 3.
[0029] For example, the projection of the first protective steel ring 1 onto the third protective steel ring 3 overlaps with the third protective steel ring 3. The projection of the second protective steel ring 2 onto the third protective steel ring 3 also overlaps with the third protective steel ring 3. That is, the dimensions of the first protective steel ring 1, the second protective steel ring 2, and the third protective steel ring 3 are the same.
[0030] As one possible implementation, the width of the hammer head 14 is smaller than the width of the hammer body 13, and the width of the hammer head 14 is smaller than the diameter of the fixing steel ring 4. The diameter of the fixing steel ring 4 is smaller than the diameter of the first protective steel ring 1.
[0031] The width of the hammer body 13 is smaller than the diameter of the first protective steel ring 1 and larger than the diameter of the fixed steel ring 4, which means that the hammer body 13 can be stuck in the hammer protection structure after the drop hammer test. Specifically, the hammer body 13 is stuck in the fixed steel ring 4. Since the width of the hammer head 14 is smaller than the width of the hammer body 13 and smaller than the diameter of the fixed steel ring 4, the hammer head 14 can pass through the fixed steel ring 4. After the hammer body 13 is stuck, it falls naturally.
[0032] The first protective steel ring 1, the second protective steel ring 2, and the third protective steel ring 3 work together to fix the drop hammer after the impact test. The dimensional matching between the drop hammer and the steel rings allows for three-dimensional restraint of the drop hammer from multiple height and radial positions. Simultaneously, the central axis of the device is aligned with the central axis of the drop hammer, ensuring that the drop hammer falls back along a preset trajectory after impact, avoiding bouncing, shaking, or tipping due to deviation, fundamentally eliminating the safety threat to test personnel and equipment caused by drop hammer loss of control.
[0033] In some embodiments, the fasteners are bolts 71 and nuts 72 that mate with the bolts 71. The second enclosure steel ring 2 and the third enclosure steel ring 3 are provided with openings, through which the bolts 71 pass and engage with the nuts 72 to secure the second enclosure steel ring 2 and the third enclosure steel ring 3.
[0034] For example, such as Figure 5 and Figure 1 As shown. The diagonal brace 8 includes a vertical main rod 81 and multiple diagonal connecting rods 82. The diagonal connecting rods 82 are connected to the vertical main rod 81 and form an angle with it. The two ends of the vertical main rod 81 are connected to the first retaining steel ring 1 and the second retaining steel ring 2, respectively. The multiple diagonal connecting rods 82 are connected to the side walls of the vertical circular steel pipe 10, respectively. The two ends of the vertical main rod 81 are connected to the first retaining steel ring 1 and the second retaining steel ring 2, respectively, and the diagonal connecting rods 82 are connected to the vertical circular steel pipe 10, forming a triangular force-bearing structure. This structure transfers the impact load borne by the drop hammer retaining structure to the supporting structure, further enhancing the overall stability.
[0035] The anchor bolt 9, fixing pad 11, and washer 12 are fitted together through a pre-drilled hole. The anchor bolt 9 passes through the washer 12 and fixing pad 11 and is anchored to the pre-drilled hole in the ground, thus fixing the device to the ground. (Refer to...) Figure 6 and Figure 1 The anchor bolt 9 has threads, and the washer 12 is fixed at a preset height through the threads of the anchor bolt 9, ensuring that the height of the support structures on both sides is consistent, thereby ensuring that the entire device is horizontal and does not tilt. The fixing block 11 can increase the contact area with the ground and enhance the stability of the anchor. The vertical round steel pipe 10 is fitted onto the anchor bolt 9 and its bottom abuts against the washer 12, serving as the lower connection fulcrum of the diagonal brace 8, distributing the force transmitted by the diagonal brace 8 to the anchor bolt 9 and the ground.
[0036] As one possible implementation, the number of vertical square steel pipes 5 is at least two. When the number of vertical square steel pipes 5 is even, multiple vertical square steel pipes 5 are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the first enclosure steel ring 1.
[0037] The number of vertical square steel pipes 5 is at least two, and in the case of an even number, they are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the first protective steel ring 1, which can evenly transfer the vertical load between the first protective steel ring 1 and the second protective steel ring 2. The symmetrical distribution structure ensures that the forces on both sides are completely balanced, avoiding deformation of the protective steel ring or bending of the vertical square steel pipes due to load concentration on one side, ensuring that the upper part of the drop hammer enclosure structure maintains overall rigidity during the impact test, and effectively resisting the lateral force generated by the drop hammer impact.
[0038] Furthermore, the symmetrically distributed vertical square steel pipes 5 provide uniform constraint to the first and second protective steel rings, maintaining the coaxiality of the two layers of steel rings and ensuring that the central axis of the drop hammer enclosure structure is always aligned with the central axis of the drop hammer. This avoids steel ring offset caused by structural asymmetry, ensuring that the drop hammer moves along a preset trajectory during impact and improving the accuracy of test data.
[0039] As one possible implementation, the number of diagonal braces 8, anchor bolts 9, vertical round steel pipes 10, fixing blocks 11 and gaskets 12 are all two, and they are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the first protective steel ring 1.
[0040] The diagonal brace 8, anchor bolt 9, vertical round steel pipe 10, fixing pad 11, and gasket 12 are all in pairs and symmetrically distributed along the central axis, forming a mirror force system on both sides. This design ensures that the force on the anchor points on both sides is completely balanced, avoiding device tilting due to unilateral anchoring failure; at the same time, the symmetrically distributed gaskets 12 can be positioned at a uniform height to further ensure the levelness of the entire device, fundamentally eliminating safety hazards caused by tilting.
[0041] The load generated by the falling hammer impact can be rapidly transferred to the first retaining steel ring through the hammer head, and then distributed to the supporting structure through vertical square steel pipes, diagonal square steel pipes, and diagonal braces. This force transmission path is rationally designed, which can reduce stress concentration in local structures. Combined with the firm anchoring of the anchor bolts to the ground, it further enhances the device's ability to resist impact reaction forces and ensures that the overall structure is not easily deformed during high-frequency testing.
[0042] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0043] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A safety guard for an aut o drop hammer testing machine, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that: The application relates to an automatic drop hammer testing machine safety protection device.
2. The safety shield for an autograph machine according to claim 1, wherein: The drop hammer enclosure and the support structure; the drop hammer enclosure comprises a first enclosure steel ring (1), a second enclosure steel ring (2), a third enclosure steel ring (3) and a fixed steel ring (4); the first enclosure steel ring (1) and the second enclosure steel ring (2) are connected through vertical square steel pipes (5), the third enclosure steel ring (3) and the fixed steel ring (4) are connected through inclined square steel pipes (6); the second enclosure steel ring (2) and the third enclosure steel ring (3) are connected through fixing members; the support structure comprises inclined braces (8), anchor screws (9), vertical round steel pipes (10), fixed cushion blocks (11) and gaskets (12); the fixed cushion blocks (11) and the gaskets (12) are provided with through holes, the anchor screws (9) are sequentially threaded through the through holes of the gaskets (12) and the fixed cushion blocks (11) and anchored to anchor holes reserved in the ground, the gaskets (12) are fixed at preset positions through the threads of the anchor screws (9), the vertical round steel pipes (10) are sleeved on the anchor screws (9), the bottom of the vertical round steel pipe (10) abuts against the gasket (12); the inclined braces (8) are connected with the first enclosure steel ring (1), the second enclosure steel ring (2) and the vertical round steel pipe (10) respectively.
3. The safety shield for an autograph machine as set forth in claim 1, wherein: The inclined brace (8) comprises a vertical main rod (81) and a plurality of inclined connecting rods (82), the inclined connecting rods (82) are connected with the vertical main rod (81) and have an included angle with the vertical main rod (81); the two ends of the vertical main rod (81) are connected with the first enclosure steel ring (1) and the second enclosure steel ring (2) respectively, and the plurality of inclined connecting rods (82) are connected with the side wall of the vertical round steel pipe (10) respectively.
4. The safety shield for an autograph machine according to claim 3, wherein: The first enclosure steel ring (1), the second enclosure steel ring (2) and the third enclosure steel ring (3) are used for fixing the drop hammer after impact testing; the automatic drop hammer testing machine safety protection device is arranged below the drop hammer, the central axis of the automatic drop hammer testing machine safety protection device is in line with the central axis of the drop hammer; the drop hammer comprises a hammer body (13) and a hammer head (14), the hammer head (14) is connected with the hammer body (13), and the hammer head (14) is close to the first enclosure steel ring (1).
5. The safety shield for an autograph machine according to claim 4, wherein: The width of the hammer body (13) is smaller than the diameter of the first enclosure steel ring (1) and larger than the diameter of the fixed steel ring (4); the diameter of the first enclosure steel ring (1) is equal to the diameter of the second enclosure steel ring (2), and the diameter of the second enclosure steel ring (2) is equal to the diameter of the third enclosure steel ring (3).
6. The safety shield for an autograph machine according to claim 1, wherein: The width of the hammer head (14) is smaller than the width of the hammer body (13), and the width of the hammer head (14) is smaller than the diameter of the fixed steel ring (4); the diameter of the fixed steel ring (4) is smaller than the diameter of the first enclosure steel ring (1).
7. The safety shield for an autograph machine according to claim 1, wherein: The fixing member is a bolt (71) and a nut (72) matched with the bolt (71); the second enclosure steel ring (2) and the third enclosure steel ring (3) are provided with openings, the bolt (71) passes through the openings and cooperates with the nut (72) to realize the fixing between the second enclosure steel ring (2) and the third enclosure steel ring (3). The projection of the first enclosure steel ring (1) on the third enclosure steel ring (3) overlaps the third enclosure steel ring (3); the projection of the second enclosure steel ring (2) on the third enclosure steel ring (3) overlaps the third enclosure steel ring (3).
8. The safety shield for an autograph machine according to claim 7, wherein: The number of vertical square steel pipes (5) is at least two, and in the case of even number of vertical square steel pipes (5), the plurality of vertical square steel pipes (5) are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the first enclosure steel ring (1).
9. The safety shield for an autograph machine according to claim 8, wherein: The number of the inclined braces (8), anchor screws (9), vertical round steel pipes (10), fixed pads (11) and gaskets (12) is two, and they are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the first enclosure steel ring (1).