Agricultural straw comprehensive utilization smashing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a smashing device for comprehensive utilization of agricultural straw. The smashing device comprises an extruding box, a conveying box, a smashing box, a shearing and extruding mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a turning mechanism and a smashing mechanism. The extrusion box is welded to one end of the top of the conveying box and communicates with the conveying box, a feeding port is formed in the top of the extrusion box, the smashing box is welded to one end of the bottom of the conveying box and communicates with the conveying box, and a discharging port is formed in the bottom of the smashing box; the shearing and extruding mechanism is installed in the extruding box, the conveying mechanism is installed in the conveying box, the turning mechanism is located on the top of the conveying box, and the smashing mechanism is installed on the top of the smashing box. According to the corn straw smashing device, the shape of corn straw is changed through the shearing and extruding mechanism, the internal fiber structure of the corn straw is loosened, it is guaranteed that the corn straw can be smashed at a time when the corn straw enters the smashing link subsequently, the corn straw is evenly dispersed on the conveying mechanism through the turning mechanism, and the corn straw is prevented from being stacked; and the uniformity and high efficiency of subsequent crushing are ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, especially relates to a comprehensive utilization of agricultural straw crushing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Straw comprehensive utilization technology is a key means to realize agricultural waste resource and promote sustainable development. For example, direct field technology uses mechanical force to crush straw and directly bury it in the soil, which decomposes naturally in the soil environment and increases the organic matter content of the soil. Fresh straw is cut and processed, loaded into silage tanks, silage bags and other containers, compacted and sealed, and converted into nutrient-rich and palatable silage feed under anaerobic conditions with the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria. In the actual operation process, the traditional straw crushing equipment often cannot crush the corn straw at one time, and often needs to be screened out for secondary crushing, reducing the overall efficiency of corn straw processing.

[0003] After searching, the prior art announcement number: CN222302465U is a crop straw crusher, which comprises a box body, a crushing and screening device is arranged on the box body; the crushing and screening device comprises a rotating rod one, the rotating rod one is rotatably connected to the inner wall right side of the box body through a bearing, and the rotating rod one extends to the right side through the box body, the outer wall of the rotating rod one is fixedly sleeved with stirring blades, the outer wall of the rotating rod one is fixedly sleeved with a gear, and the outer wall of the rotating rod one is fixedly sleeved with a belt pulley on the back;

[0004] Further search, the prior art announcement number: CN222170545U is an agricultural machinery straw crushing device, which comprises a crushing main body, a discharge hopper and a reflux hopper are fixedly connected to one side of the crushing main body, a conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the reflux hopper, a conveying motor is fixedly connected to the top of the conveying pipe, a conveying shaft is fixedly connected to the driving end of the conveying motor, conveying leaves are fixedly connected to the outer side of the conveying shaft, a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the conveying pipe, a crushing mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the crushing main body, and a screening net and a discharge plate are fixedly connected to the inside of the crushing main body. The above-mentioned prior art cannot crush the corn straw at one time, and needs to be screened out for secondary crushing, reducing the overall efficiency of corn straw processing. SUMMARY

[0005] The utility model discloses a purpose is to overcome the prior art's insufficient, provide a kind of agricultural straw comprehensive utilization grinding device, by shearing extrusion mechanism, the form of corn stalk is changed, make corn stalk internal fiber structure loose, ensure subsequent into the grinding link, can be ground corn stalk one-time, improve the overall efficiency of corn stalk processing, by turnover mechanism makes corn stalk evenly dispersed on transport mechanism, avoid shearing extruded corn stalk accumulation, guarantee the uniformity and high efficiency of subsequent grinding, make corn stalk grinding more thoroughly.

[0006] In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] A kind of agricultural straw comprehensive utilization grinding device, including extrusion box, conveying box, grinding box, shearing extrusion mechanism, transport mechanism, turnover mechanism, grinding mechanism;The extrusion box is welded and installed at one end of the top of the conveying box, the extrusion box is communicated with the conveying box, the top of the extrusion box is equipped with inlet, the grinding box is welded and installed at one end of the bottom of the conveying box, the grinding box is communicated with the conveying box, the bottom of the grinding box is equipped with outlet;The shearing extrusion mechanism is installed in the extrusion box, the transport mechanism is installed in the conveying box, the turnover mechanism is located at the top of the conveying box, the grinding mechanism is installed at the top of the grinding box;

[0008] The shearing extrusion mechanism includes motor I, shearing roller, extrusion roller, motor II, sliding frame I, rotating shaft, bidirectional screw;The both ends of the extrusion box are equipped with two groups of sliding grooves I, which are arranged correspondingly, the both ends of the two groups of shearing rollers are located in the top sliding groove I, the both ends of the two groups of extrusion rollers are located in the bottom sliding groove I, one end of the two groups of shearing rollers and the two groups of extrusion rollers are equipped with pulley, one end pulley of one group of shearing rollers and one end pulley of one group of extrusion rollers are connected by belt, the motor II is installed at one end of the extrusion roller, and the output shaft of the motor II is fixedly connected with one end of the extrusion roller;

[0009] The two groups of sliding frames I are mirror image arranged, the both ends of one group of shearing rollers and one group of extrusion rollers are rotatably connected with one group of sliding frames I through the sliding grooves I arranged correspondingly, the both sides of the extrusion box are rotatably installed with bidirectional screws, the bidirectional screws are threadedly connected with the sliding frames I, one end of the bidirectional screw is equipped with bevel gear, the motor I is installed on one side of the extrusion box, the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on one side of the extrusion box, the output shaft of the motor I is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the bevel gear on the rotating shaft is engaged with the bevel gear at one end of the bidirectional screw.

[0010] The transport mechanism is installed in the conveying box, and the transport mechanism is a belt conveyor, and the model of the transport mechanism is RH-SS-600;It needs to be emphasized that the transport mechanism is prior art, which is obtained by purchase or private customization, and will not be described here;

[0011] The turning mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a fixed frame, a sliding frame II, turning rollers, and a motor III; both sides of the conveying box are provided with two groups of sliding grooves II, both ends of the two groups of turning rollers are rotationally connected with the sliding frame II through the sliding grooves II, one end of the two groups of turning rollers is provided with a belt pulley, and the belt pulleys at one end of the two groups of turning rollers are connected through a belt, the motor III is installed at one end of one group of turning rollers, and the output shaft of the motor III is fixedly connected with the turning roller; the fixed frame is installed at the top of the conveying box, the sliding frame II is located at the bottom of the fixed frame and is slidably connected with the fixed frame, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed at the top of the fixed frame, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the sliding frame II through the fixed frame;

[0012] The crushing mechanism comprises a motor IV and crushing rollers; the two groups of crushing rollers are installed in the crushing box, and the motor IV is installed at one end of the crushing roller and fixedly connected with the crushing roller;

[0013] The utility model has the advantages that compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0014] 1) The motor II drives the extrusion roller to rotate, the belt pulley at one end of the extrusion roller drives the belt pulley at one end of the corresponding shearing roller to rotate, so that the shearing roller rotates synchronously; at this time, the corn straw enters the extrusion box, is sheared by the rotating shearing roller first, is cut into small sections, and is then subjected to strong extrusion by the extrusion roller, so that the hard shell on the surface of the corn straw is extruded to have cracks, the shape of the corn straw is changed, the internal fiber structure of the corn straw is loose, the corn straw can be crushed at one time in the subsequent crushing link, the overall efficiency of corn straw treatment is improved, and the demand for fine treatment of straw in agricultural production can be fully met;

[0015] 2) The motor III is started to drive the two groups of turning rollers to rotate and turn the corn straw on the conveying mechanism; at the same time, the hydraulic cylinder drives the sliding frame II to slide up and down at the bottom of the fixed frame, thereby driving the two groups of turning rollers to move up and down in the conveying box, adjusting the turning height, ensuring that the corn straw of different depths can be fully turned, making the corn straw evenly dispersed on the conveying mechanism, avoiding the accumulation of the corn straw after shearing and extrusion, ensuring the uniformity and efficiency of subsequent crushing, and making the corn straw crushing more thorough. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] ATTACHMENT Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the agricultural straw comprehensive utilization crushing device.

[0017] ATTACHMENT Figure 2 It is an attachment Figure 1 structure schematic view of the shearing and extrusion mechanism. Figure 1 ;

[0018] ATTACHMENT Figure 3 It is an attachment Figure 1 structure schematic view of the shearing and extrusion mechanism. Figure 2 ;

[0019] attached Figure 4 attached Figure 1 a schematic view of the position of the conveying mechanism;

[0020] attached Figure 5 attached Figure 1 a schematic view of the structure of the turning mechanism;

[0021] attached Figure 6 attached Figure 1 a schematic view of the structure of the crushing mechanism;

[0022] attached Figure 7 it is an agricultural straw comprehensive utilization crushing device appearance schematic view of the utility model;

[0023] In the drawing: 101, extrusion box; 1011, feed inlet; 1012, sliding groove I; 102, conveying box; 1021, sliding groove II; 103, crushing box; 1031, discharge port; 2, shearing and extruding mechanism; 21, motor I; 22, shearing roller; 23, extruding roller; 24, motor II; 25, sliding frame I; 26, rotating shaft; 27, bidirectional screw; 3, conveying mechanism; 4, turning mechanism; 41, hydraulic cylinder; 42, fixed frame; 43, sliding frame II; 44, turning roller; 45, motor III; 5, crushing mechanism; 51, motor IV; 52, crushing roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] For the convenience of the persons skilled in the art to understand, the following will be combined with the attached Figures 1-7 , the technical scheme of the utility model is further specifically explained.

[0025] An agricultural straw comprehensive utilization crushing device, comprising an extrusion box 101, a conveying box 102, a crushing box 103, a shearing and extruding mechanism 2, a conveying mechanism 3, a turning mechanism 4 and a crushing mechanism 5; the extrusion box 101 is welded and installed at one end of the top of the conveying box 102, the extrusion box 101 is communicated with the conveying box 102, the extrusion box 101 is provided with a feed inlet 1011 at the top, the crushing box 103 is welded and installed at one end of the bottom of the conveying box 102, the crushing box 103 is communicated with the conveying box 102, and the crushing box 103 is provided with a discharge port 1031 at the bottom; the shearing and extruding mechanism 2 is installed in the extrusion box 101, the conveying mechanism 3 is installed in the conveying box 102, the turning mechanism 4 is located at the top of the conveying box 102, and the crushing mechanism 5 is installed at the top of the crushing box 103.

[0026] From the above description: corn straw from the top of the extrusion box 101 feed inlet 1011 into, shear extrusion mechanism 2 start, cut into small pieces and strong extrusion of corn straw, extrusion of the hard shell of the corn straw surface crack, preliminary change the shape of corn straw, facilitate subsequent crushing process; then, corn straw into the conveying box 102 in the transport mechanism 3, transport mechanism 3 slowly corn straw, during the turning mechanism 4 continuously turning corn straw, so that the corn straw evenly dispersed on the transport mechanism 3; finally, corn straw into the crushing box 103, crushing mechanism 5 corn straw for crushing, crushed corn straw from the discharge port 1031.

[0027] The shear extrusion mechanism 2 includes motor I 21, shear roller 22, extrusion roller 23, motor II 24, sliding frame I 25, rotating shaft 26, bidirectional screw 27; The extrusion box 101 both ends are provided with two groups of sliding groove I 1012, the two groups of shear roller 22 both ends are located in the top sliding groove I 1012, two groups of extrusion roller 23 both ends are located in the bottom sliding groove I 1012, the two groups of shear roller 22, two groups of extrusion roller 23 are provided with a belt pulley at one end, a group of shear roller 22 at one end of the belt pulley and a group of extrusion roller 23 at one end of the belt pulley are connected by the belt, the motor II 24 is installed at one end of the extrusion roller 23, and the output shaft of the motor II 24 is fixedly connected with one end of the extrusion roller 23;

[0028] The two groups of sliding frame I 25 are mirror image arranged, and the two groups of shear roller 22 and the two groups of extrusion roller 23 are rotatably connected with a group of sliding frame I 25 through the sliding groove I 1012; The extrusion box 101 both sides are rotatably installed with bidirectional screw 27, and the bidirectional screw 27 is threadedly connected with the sliding frame I 25, and the bidirectional screw 27 is provided with a bevel gear at one end; The motor I 21 is installed on one side of the extrusion box 101, the rotating shaft 26 is rotatably installed on one side of the extrusion box 101, the output shaft of the motor I 21 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 26, and the bevel gear on the rotating shaft 26 is engaged with the bevel gear at one end of the bidirectional screw 27;

[0029] From the above description: motor Ⅰ 21 dynamic rotating shaft 26 rotation, rotating shaft 26 on the bevel gear and the bevel gear of the one end of the two-way screw 27 meshing, thus making the two-way screw 27 rotation, sliding frame Ⅰ 25 moves, two groups of shear roll 22 and two groups of extrusion roll 23 in the sliding groove Ⅰ 10 12 moves, thus adjusting the distance between the two groups of shear roll 22 and two groups of extrusion roll 23, to adapt to different work requirements; at the same time, motor Ⅱ 24 drives the extrusion roll 23 rotation, the pulley at one end of the extrusion roll 23 drives the corresponding pulley at one end of the shear roll 22 through the belt, so that the shear roll 22 synchronous rotation; at this time, the corn straw into the extrusion box 101, first through the rotating shear roll 22 for shearing, the corn straw is cut into small pieces, and then by the extrusion roll 23 for strong extrusion, so that the hard shell on the surface of the corn straw is extruded into a crack, changes the shape of the straw, prepares for the subsequent crushing process.

[0030] The transport mechanism 3 is installed in the conveying box 102, and the transport mechanism 3 is a belt conveyor, and the model of the transport mechanism 3 is RH-SS-600; it needs to be emphasized that the transport mechanism 3 is prior art, which is obtained by purchase or private customization, and will not be described here;

[0031] The turning mechanism 4 includes a hydraulic cylinder 41, a fixed frame 42, a sliding frame Ⅱ 43, a turning roller 44, and a motor Ⅲ 45; both sides of the conveying box 102 are provided with two groups of sliding grooves Ⅱ 10 21, both ends of the two groups of turning rollers 44 pass through the sliding grooves Ⅱ 10 21 and are rotationally connected with the sliding frame Ⅱ 43, one end of the two groups of turning rollers 44 is provided with a pulley, and the pulleys at one end of the two groups of turning rollers 44 are connected through a belt; the motor Ⅲ 45 is installed at one end of one group of turning rollers 44, and the output shaft of the motor Ⅲ 45 is fixedly connected with the turning roller 44; the fixed frame 42 is installed at the top of the conveying box 102, the sliding frame Ⅱ 43 is located at the bottom of the fixed frame 42 and is slidably connected with the fixed frame 42, and the hydraulic cylinder 41 is fixedly installed at the top of the fixed frame 42, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 41 passes through the fixed frame 42 and is fixedly connected with the sliding frame Ⅱ 43;

[0032] From the above description: the extruded corn straw falls into the transport mechanism 3 in the conveying box 102, and the transport mechanism 3 slowly moves the corn straw; during the period, the motor Ⅲ 45 is started, drives the two groups of turning rollers 44 to rotate, and turns the corn straw on the transport mechanism 3; at the same time, the hydraulic cylinder 41 pushes the sliding frame Ⅱ 43 to slide up and down at the bottom of the fixed frame 42, thereby driving the two groups of turning rollers 44 to move up and down in the conveying box 102, adjusting the turning height, ensuring that corn straws of different depths can be fully turned, making the corn straws evenly dispersed on the transport mechanism 3, avoiding the accumulation of corn straws, ensuring the uniformity and efficiency of subsequent crushing, and making the corn straw crushing more thorough.

[0033] The crushing mechanism 5 includes motor IV 51, crushing roller 52, the two groups of crushing roller 52 are all installed in the crushing box 103, and the crushing roller 52 is installed with motor IV 51 at one end, and the output end of motor IV 51 is fixedly connected with the crushing roller 52;

[0034] From the above description, it can be known that the motor IV 51 is started, drives the crushing roller 52 to rotate at high speed, and the two groups of crushing roller 52 rotate towards each other in the crushing box 103, and the crushed corn straw is quickly crushed.

[0035] The working process of the agricultural straw comprehensive utilization crushing device is as follows:

[0036] The corn straw is put into from the top feeding port 1011 of the extrusion box 101, the shearing and extruding mechanism 2 is started, the corn straw is cut into small pieces and is extruded with great force, the hard shell on the surface of the corn straw is extruded to have cracks, the shape of the corn straw is preliminarily changed, and subsequent crushing treatment is facilitated, then the corn straw falls on the conveying mechanism 3 in the conveying box 102, the conveying mechanism 3 slowly moves and conveys the corn straw, and the turning mechanism 4 continuously turns the corn straw during the conveying, so that the corn straw is uniformly dispersed on the conveying mechanism 3, finally, the corn straw enters the crushing box 103, the crushing mechanism 5 crushes the corn straw, and the crushed corn straw is discharged from the discharge port 1031, so that the next step of processing technology is carried out to make the straw return to the field or make green storage feed.

[0037] In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more than two;The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] As described above, the electronic or electrical components including but not limited to motors, hydraulic cylinders and the like are prior art components, which are obtained by private customization or purchase, and the electrical connection between the components is a conventional circuit connection or electrical connection in the prior art, which is not within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0039] The above content is only an example and description of the structure of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar ways to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the utility model or exceed the scope defined in the claims, which shall be within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An agricultural straw comprehensive utilization crushing device, comprising an extrusion box, a conveying box, a crushing box, a shearing and extruding mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a turning mechanism and a crushing mechanism; the extrusion box is welded and installed at one end of the top of the conveying box, the extrusion box is communicated with the conveying box, the top of the extrusion box is provided with a feeding port, the crushing box is welded and installed at one end of the bottom of the conveying box, the crushing box is communicated with the conveying box, and the bottom of the crushing box is provided with a discharging port; the shearing and extruding mechanism is installed in the extrusion box, the conveying mechanism is installed in the conveying box, the turning mechanism is located at the top of the conveying box, and the crushing mechanism is installed at the top of the crushing box. characterized in that The shearing and extruding mechanism comprises a motor I, shearing rollers, extruding rollers, a motor II, sliding frames I, a rotating shaft and a bidirectional screw; two groups of sliding grooves I are arranged in a top-bottom corresponding mode at both ends of the extrusion box, two groups of shearing rollers are located in the top sliding grooves I at both ends, two groups of extruding rollers are located in the bottom sliding grooves I at both ends, one end of each of the two groups of shearing rollers and the two groups of extruding rollers is provided with a belt pulley, one end of the belt pulley of one group of shearing rollers is connected with one end of the belt pulley of one group of extruding rollers through a belt, the motor II is installed at one end of the extruding roller, and the output shaft of the motor II is fixedly connected with one end of the extruding roller; the two groups of sliding frames I are mirror-imaged, and both ends of one group of shearing rollers and one group of extruding rollers pass through the sliding grooves I arranged in a top-bottom corresponding mode and are rotationally connected with one group of sliding frames I; the bidirectional screw is rotationally installed at the sides of the extrusion box, the bidirectional screw is in threaded connection with the sliding frame I, one end of the bidirectional screw is provided with a bevel gear, the motor I is installed at one side of the extrusion box, the rotating shaft is rotationally installed at one side of the extrusion box, the output shaft of the motor I is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the bevel gear on the rotating shaft is in mesh with the bevel gear at one end of the bidirectional screw. The turning mechanism comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a fixed frame, a sliding frame II, turning rollers and a motor III; two groups of sliding grooves II are arranged at the sides of the conveying box, both ends of the two groups of turning rollers pass through the sliding grooves II and are rotationally connected with the sliding frame II, one end of each of the two groups of turning rollers is provided with a belt pulley, and the belt pulleys at one end of the two groups of turning rollers are connected through a belt, the motor III is installed at one end of one group of turning rollers, and the output shaft of the motor III is fixedly connected with the turning roller; the fixed frame is installed at the top of the conveying box, the sliding frame II is located at the bottom of the fixed frame and is in sliding connection with the fixed frame, and the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed at the top of the fixed frame and is fixedly connected with the sliding frame II through the fixed frame at the output end.

2. The agricultural straw comprehensive utilization crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that The conveying mechanism is installed in the conveying box and is a belt conveyor.

3. The agricultural straw comprehensive utilization crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that The crushing mechanism comprises a motor IV and crushing rollers; the two groups of crushing rollers are installed in the crushing box, and one end of the crushing roller is provided with the motor IV, and the output end of the motor IV is fixedly connected with the crushing roller.

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