Slender rod workpiece machining device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a slender rod workpiece machining device which comprises a lathe bed, a main shaft, a sliding plate and a tip and further comprises a surrounding type cutting device installed on the sliding plate. The slender rod workpiece penetrates through a center hole of the surrounding type cutting device; the surrounding type cutting device further comprises four sliding blocks evenly distributed around the circumference of the center hole, a first motor, a synchronous transmission mechanism, a clutch mechanism and the like. A traditional tool rest is replaced by the surrounding type cutting device, four sets of tools can synchronously cut a workpiece, the outer circle rough turning efficiency is improved, the problem that the workpiece is prone to being bent in the rough machining stage is solved, spiral groove machining can be conducted after a single-tool mode is switched, and the machining efficiency is improved. And the operation of switching to a common lathe for re-clamping is omitted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a machining device, specifically a device for machining an elongated rod workpiece. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of machining, the machining of elongated rods with threaded features (such as lead screws, threaded rods, etc.) is mainly carried out on a lathe: first, the workpiece is fixed at one end on the chuck of the main shaft, and the other end is supported by the tailstock; when the workpiece is driven at high speed by the main shaft, the tool holder holding the turning tool moves along the axial direction of the workpiece on the slide plate, and turning machining is completed. During turning, the outer circle of the elongated rod is first rough machined to remove excess material; then, the tool holder position and angle are adjusted to machine the helical groove portion of the thread.

[0003] However, the conventional machining method has the following defects: first, during rough turning of the outer circle, only one turning tool is used for machining, resulting in low machining efficiency. On the other hand, the cutting amount is large during rough machining, and the elongated rod itself has poor rigidity, which is prone to bending under unidirectional stress, resulting in reduced machining accuracy and even waste products. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model provides an elongated rod workpiece machining device, which aims to solve the problems of low machining efficiency and workpiece bending during rough machining of the outer circle.

[0005] The utility model technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] An elongated rod workpiece machining device, comprising a bed body, a main shaft, a slide plate and a tailstock mounted on the bed body, a chuck mounted on the main shaft, one end of an elongated rod workpiece mounted on the chuck and the other end connected with the tailstock, and a ring-type cutting device mounted on the slide plate.

[0007] The ring-type cutting device comprises a body, a horizontal center hole is provided on the body, and the elongated rod workpiece passes through the center hole; the ring-type cutting device further comprises four slide blocks uniformly distributed around the circumference of the center hole, the slide blocks are in sliding connection with the body to realize movement in the radial direction of the center hole; the inner end of the slide block is used for mounting a tool; a nut sleeve is further connected to the slide block, and a lead screw is mounted in the nut sleeve;

[0008] The ring-type cutting device further comprises a first motor mounted on the body and a synchronous transmission mechanism, the input end of the synchronous transmission mechanism is connected with the first motor, the synchronous transmission mechanism has four drive shafts as output ends, the four drive shafts correspond to the four lead screws one by one, and the drive shafts and the lead screws are both mounted on the body in a rotary connection manner, wherein three drive shafts and corresponding lead screws are fixedly connected or integrated, and the other drive shaft is in transmission connection with the corresponding lead screw through a clutch mechanism;

[0009] The surrounding cutting device further comprises a second motor installed on the body, the second motor is connected with the corresponding screw rod of the other driving shaft through the intermediate transmission mechanism and the clutch mechanism;

[0010] When the clutch mechanism is in the first position, the other driving shaft controls the rotation of the corresponding screw rod, and when the clutch mechanism is in the second position, the intermediate transmission mechanism controls the rotation of the screw rod.

[0011] As a further improvement of the elongated rod workpiece machining device, the synchronous transmission mechanism comprises a gear ring, and further comprises four sets of first transmission gears, second transmission gears, third transmission gears, first bevel gears and second bevel gears corresponding to the respective sliders;

[0012] The gear ring is installed on the body through a bearing, and the first motor drives the gear ring to rotate through a gear transmission mode;

[0013] Each first transmission gear is installed on the body through a rotary connection mode and meshes with the inner teeth of the gear ring, the second transmission gear is fixedly connected with the first transmission gear, the second transmission gear meshes with the corresponding third transmission gear installed on the body through a rotary connection mode, the first bevel gear is fixedly connected with the third transmission gear, and the first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear installed on the driving shaft.

[0014] As a further improvement of the elongated rod workpiece machining device, the clutch mechanism comprises a driven pulley, an intermediate tooth disc and a driving tooth disc;

[0015] The driving tooth disc is installed on the end of the corresponding driving shaft, the intermediate tooth disc is sleeved on the corresponding screw rod through a spline fitting mode, and the driven pulley is installed on the screw rod through a bearing;

[0016] The intermediate tooth disc is located between the driving tooth disc and the driven pulley, and the end teeth are arranged on the end faces of both sides of the intermediate tooth disc, and the end teeth are arranged on the side of the driving tooth disc close to the intermediate tooth disc and the side of the driven pulley close to the intermediate tooth disc;

[0017] The intermediate transmission mechanism comprises a driving pulley and a synchronous belt, the driving pulley is installed on the output shaft of the second motor, and the driving pulley is connected with the driven pulley through the synchronous belt.

[0018] As a further improvement of the elongated rod workpiece machining device, the clutch mechanism further comprises a sliding sleeve sleeved on the outside of the intermediate tooth disc through a bearing and a clutch control device for pulling and moving the sliding sleeve.

[0019] As a further improvement of the elongated rod workpiece machining device: the clutch control device comprises a push rod and a rotating rod, the push rod is installed on the body; the middle part of the rotating rod is rotationally connected with the body, and the two ends are respectively provided with a sliding groove, one end of the sliding groove is matched with the first limiting column at the end of the push rod, and the other end of the sliding groove is matched with the second limiting column on the sliding sleeve.

[0020] As a further improvement of the elongated rod workpiece machining device: one end of the elongated rod workpiece is provided with a connecting disc, and the tailstock is matched with the center hole on the connecting disc.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1、 the utility model discloses a surrounding type cutting device instead of traditional tool rest, it has four groups of sliding blocks arranged around workpiece, four groups of cutters installed on the sliding block can synchronous cutting to workpiece, not only improve the efficiency of rough turning outer circle, and the cutter is symmetrically arranged, radial force can be mutually offset, avoid the problem that workpiece is easy to bend in rough machining stage.

[0023] 2、 the utility model discloses still realize the independent control of one of sliding blocks through second motor, intermediate transmission mechanism and clutch mechanism, after machining outer circle, can switch to single cutter mode, complete the processing of thread groove, thereby save the operation of switching to the ordinary lathe and re-clamping. DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic view of the device;

[0025] Figure 2 It is the front view of surrounding type cutting device;

[0026] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 A-A partial sectional view of;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the internal transmission structure schematic view of surrounding type cutting device;

[0028] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 B partial enlarged view of;

[0029] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic view of push rod, rotating rod and sliding sleeve etc.

[0030] DRAWINGS

[0031] 1, chuck, 2, slide plate, 3, ring cutting device, 4, connecting disc, 5, top, 3-1, first motor, 3-2, body, 3-3, second motor, 3-4, driving pulley, 3-5, driven pulley, 3-6, screw rod, 3-7, intermediate gear, 3-8, sliding sleeve, 3-9, driving gear, 3-10, drive shaft, 3-11, second bevel gear, 3-12, first bevel gear, 3-13, gear ring, 3-14, sliding block, 3-15, nut sleeve, 3-16, first transmission gear, 3-17, second transmission gear, 3-18, third transmission gear, 3-19, rotating rod, 3-20, push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical scheme of the utility model will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all.

[0033] As Figure 1 , an elongated rod workpiece machining device, which is similar in structure to a conventional lathe, comprises a bed body, a main shaft, a slide plate 2 and a top 5 mounted on the bed body. A chuck 1 is mounted on the main shaft, and one end of an elongated rod workpiece is mounted on the chuck 1, and the other end is mounted with a connecting disc 4 through a locking screw, and a central hole on the connecting disc 4 is matched with the top 5. The connecting disc 4 is used to solve the problem that the elongated rod has a small diameter and cannot drill a suitable central hole to tightly contact the top.

[0034] Further, the elongated rod workpiece machining device further comprises a ring cutting device 3 mounted on the slide plate 2 to replace the tool rest on the conventional lathe.

[0035] As Figures 2 to 5 , the ring cutting device 3 comprises a body 3-2, and a horizontal central hole is arranged on the body 3-2, and the elongated rod workpiece passes through the central hole.

[0036] The ring cutting device 3 further comprises four sliding blocks 3-14 which are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central hole, and the sliding blocks 3-14 are in sliding connection with the body 3-2 to realize movement in the radial direction of the central hole.

[0037] As Figure 2 , the inner end of the sliding block 3-14 is used for mounting a tool, and the tool is arranged around the workpiece to realize rapid cutting.

[0038] As Figure 3 and 4 , the sliding block 3-14 is further connected with a nut sleeve 3-15, and a screw rod 3-6 is mounted in the nut sleeve 3-15. When the screw rod 3-6 rotates, the nut sleeve 3-15 and the sliding block 3-14 are driven to move in the radial direction, and the position of the tool is adjusted.

[0039] The ring cutting device 3 further comprises a first motor 3-1 and a synchronous transmission mechanism mounted on the body 3-2, the input end of the synchronous transmission mechanism is connected with the first motor 3-1, the synchronous transmission mechanism has four driving shafts 3-10 as output ends, the four driving shafts 3-10 correspond to the four lead screws 3-6 one by one, and the four driving shafts 3-10 provide power drive for the synchronous movement of the four sliding blocks 3-14.

[0040] Specifically, the synchronous transmission mechanism comprises a gear ring 3-13, and further comprises four groups of first transmission gears 3-16, second transmission gears 3-17, third transmission gears 3-18, first bevel gears 3-12 and second bevel gears 3-11 corresponding to the sliding blocks 3-14 respectively.

[0041] The gear ring 3-13 is mounted on the body 3-2 through a bearing, a gear mounted on the output shaft of the first motor 3-1 is engaged with an intermediate gear, and the intermediate gear is engaged with the external teeth of the gear ring 3-13, so as to drive the gear ring 3-13 to rotate.

[0042] As Figure 4 and 5 each first transmission gear 3-16 is mounted on the body 3-2 in a rotary connection mode and is engaged with the internal teeth of the gear ring 3-13 respectively. The second transmission gear 3-17 is fixedly connected with the first transmission gear 3-16. The second transmission gear 3-17 is engaged with the corresponding third transmission gear 3-18 mounted on the body 3-2 in a rotary connection mode. The first bevel gear 3-12 is fixedly connected with the third transmission gear 3-18, and the first bevel gear 3-12 is engaged with the second bevel gear 3-11 mounted on the driving shaft 3-10. When the gear ring 3-13 rotates, the first transmission gear 3-16, the second transmission gear 3-17, the third transmission gear 3-18, the first bevel gear 3-12 and the third bevel gear 3-11 will be driven to rotate, thereby driving the four driving shafts 3-10 to rotate synchronously.

[0043] Further, the driving shafts 3-10 and the lead screws 3-6 are both mounted on the body 3-2 in a rotary connection mode, three driving shafts 3-10 are fixedly connected with or integrated with the corresponding lead screws 3-6, and the other driving shaft 3-10 is drivingly connected with the corresponding lead screw 3-6 through a clutch mechanism.

[0044] As Figure 2 and 3 the clutch mechanism comprises a driven pulley 3-5, an intermediate tooth disc 3-7 and a driving tooth disc 3-9.

[0045] The driving gear disc 3-9 is installed at the end of the corresponding driving shaft 3-10, the intermediate gear disc 3-7 is sleeved on the corresponding screw rod 3-6 in a spline fitting mode, and it rotates synchronously with the screw rod 3-6 at all times, but can also move left and right. The driven pulley 3-5 is installed on the screw rod 3-6 through a bearing, and can rotate freely relative to the screw rod 3-6 when it is not engaged with the intermediate gear disc.

[0046] The intermediate gear disc 3-7 is located between the driving gear disc 3-9 and the driven pulley 3-5, and the end faces on both sides of the intermediate gear disc 3-7 are provided with end teeth. The side of the driving gear disc 3-9 close to the intermediate gear disc 3-7 and the side of the driven pulley 3-5 close to the intermediate gear disc 3-7 are both provided with end teeth. When the intermediate gear disc 3-7 moves left or right and the end teeth on one side engage with each other, the driving gear disc 3-9 or the driven pulley 3-5 can drive the screw rod 3-6 to rotate through the intermediate gear disc 3-7.

[0047] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 , the clutch mechanism further comprises a sliding sleeve 3-8 sleeved on the outside of the intermediate gear disc 3-7 through a bearing and a clutch control device for pulling the sliding sleeve 3-8 to move, for realizing the switching of the working mode. Specifically, the clutch control device comprises a push rod 3-20 and a rotating rod 3-19, and the push rod 3-20 is installed on the body 3-2. The middle part of the rotating rod 3-19 is rotationally connected with the body 3-2, and both ends are respectively provided with a sliding groove. One end of the sliding groove is matched with a first limiting column at the end of the push rod 3-20, and the other end of the sliding groove is matched with a second limiting column on the sliding sleeve 3-8. The push rod 3-20 is a pneumatic cylinder or an electric push rod 3-20, as shown in Figure 6 , when the free end thereof extends to the right, it drives the rotating rod 3-19 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the intermediate gear disc 3-7 engages with the driving gear disc 3-9 on the left side, and when the free end of the push rod 3-20 retracts to the left, it drives the rotating rod 3-19 to rotate clockwise, so that the intermediate gear disc 3-7 engages with the driven pulley 3-5 on the right side.

[0048] The ring cutting device 3 further comprises a second motor 3-3 installed on the body 3-2, and the second motor 3-3 is connected with the corresponding screw rod 3-6 of the other driving shaft 3-10 through an intermediate transmission mechanism and the clutch mechanism. In this embodiment, the intermediate transmission mechanism comprises a driving pulley 3-4 and a synchronous belt, and the driving pulley 3-4 is installed on the output shaft of the second motor 3-3. The driving pulley 3-4 is connected with the driven pulley 3-5 through the synchronous belt.

[0049] In operation, first, the slender rod workpiece is clamped, then the clutch mechanism is controlled to ensure that the intermediate gear plate 3-7 meshes with the driving gear plate 3-9, at this time, in the four-tool synchronous mode, the four lead screws 3-6 are rotated under the drive of the first motor 3-1, realizing the synchronous movement of the four sliders 3-14 and the tools. Then the spindle is started to rotate the workpiece at high speed, while the four tools are controlled to reach the specified cutting depth at the same time, then the slide plate 2 is controlled to move, completing the turning of the outer circle. After the outer circle is machined, the four sliders 3-14 are simultaneously moved away from the workpiece, then the push rod 3-20 is actuated to make the intermediate gear plate 3-7 disengage from the driving gear plate 3-9 and mesh with the driven pulley 3-5, switching to the single-tool mode, then the corresponding tool is controlled by the second motor 3-3 to move radially to the specified cutting depth, and the spindle is used to complete the machining of the helical groove.

[0050] When the helical groove is machined, although the workpiece is in a one-way stress state, since the outer circle has been machined, the cutting depth is easier and more stable to control, and in order to ensure machining accuracy, the helical groove is generally machined multiple times, and the cutting depth of each time is small, so the stress is limited and it is not easy to bend. If the cutting depth needs to be increased, a follow-up center frame can be added to the slide plate 2 to ensure the rigidity of the cutting part.

[0051] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the claims rather than the above description.

Claims

1. A machining device for slender rod workpieces, comprising a bed, wherein a spindle, a slide plate (2), and a center (5) are mounted on the bed, a chuck (1) is mounted on the spindle, one end of the slender rod workpiece is mounted on the chuck (1), and the other end is connected to the center (5), characterized in that: Also include the installation on the slide plate (2) on the ring cutting device (3); The ring cutting device (3) includes a body (3-2), which is provided with a horizontal center hole, and an elongated rod workpiece passes through the center hole; the ring cutting device (3) further comprises four sliders (3-14) which are evenly distributed around the center hole, the sliders (3-14) are in sliding connection with the body (3-2) to realize the movement in the radial direction of the center hole; the inner end of the slider (3-14) is used for installing the cutter; the slider (3-14) is further connected with a nut sleeve (3-15), and the nut sleeve (3-15) is provided with a screw rod (3-6); The ring cutting device (3) further comprises a first motor (3-1) and a synchronous transmission mechanism installed on the body (3-2), the input end of the synchronous transmission mechanism is connected with the first motor (3-1), the synchronous transmission mechanism has four drive shafts (3-10) as output ends, the four drive shafts (3-10) correspond to the four screw rods (3-6) one by one, the drive shaft (3-10) and the screw rod (3-6) are both installed on the body (3-2) by rotating connection, three drive shafts (3-10) and corresponding screw rods (3-6) are fixedly connected or integrated, and the other drive shaft (3-10) is in transmission connection with the corresponding screw rod (3-6) through a clutch mechanism; The ring cutting device (3) further comprises a second motor (3-3) installed on the body (3-2), and the second motor (3-3) is connected with the screw rod (3-6) corresponding to the other drive shaft (3-10) through an intermediate transmission mechanism and the clutch mechanism; When the clutch mechanism is in the first position, the other drive shaft (3-10) controls the rotation of the corresponding screw rod (3-6), and when the clutch mechanism is in the second position, the intermediate transmission mechanism controls the rotation of the screw rod (3-6).

2. The elongated bar workpiece processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The synchronous transmission mechanism comprises a gear ring (3-13), and further comprises four groups of first transmission gears (3-16), second transmission gears (3-17), third transmission gears (3-18), first bevel gears (3-12) and second bevel gears (3-11) corresponding to each slider (3-14) respectively; The gear ring (3-13) is installed on the body (3-2) through a bearing, and the first motor (3-1) drives the gear ring (3-13) to rotate through gear transmission; Each first transmission gear (3-16) is installed on the body (3-2) by rotating connection and meshes with the inner teeth of the gear ring (3-13) respectively, the second transmission gear (3-17) is fixedly connected with the first transmission gear (3-16), the second transmission gear (3-17) meshes with the corresponding third transmission gear (3-18) installed on the body (3-2) by rotating connection, the first bevel gear (3-12) is fixedly connected with the third transmission gear (3-18), and the first bevel gear (3-12) meshes with the second bevel gear (3-11) installed on the drive shaft (3-10).

3. The elongated bar workpiece processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The clutch mechanism comprises a driven pulley (3-5), an intermediate gear disc (3-7) and a driving gear disc (3-9); The driving gear disc (3-9) is installed at the end of a corresponding driving shaft (3-10), the intermediate gear disc (3-7) is sleeved on a corresponding screw rod (3-6) in a spline fit manner, and the driven pulley (3-5) is installed on the screw rod (3-6) through a bearing; The intermediate gear disc (3-7) is located between the driving gear disc (3-9) and the driven pulley (3-5), and the end faces on both sides of the intermediate gear disc (3-7) are provided with end teeth, and the side of the driving gear disc (3-9) close to the intermediate gear disc (3-7) and the side of the driven pulley (3-5) close to the intermediate gear disc (3-7) are also provided with end teeth. The intermediate transmission mechanism comprises a driving pulley (3-4) and a synchronous belt, the driving pulley (3-4) is installed on the output shaft of the second motor (3-3), and the driving pulley (3-4) is connected with the driven pulley (3-5) through the synchronous belt.

4. The elongated bar workpiece processing apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The clutch mechanism further comprises a sliding sleeve (3-8) sleeved on the outside of the intermediate gear disc (3-7) through a bearing and a clutch control device for pulling the sliding sleeve (3-8) to move.

5. The elongated bar workpiece processing apparatus of claim 4, wherein: The clutch control device comprises a push rod (3-20) and a rotating rod (3-19), the push rod (3-20) is installed on the body (3-2), the middle part of the rotating rod (3-19) is rotationally connected with the body (3-2), both ends of the rotating rod (3-19) are respectively provided with a sliding groove, one end of the sliding groove is matched with a first limiting column at the end of the push rod (3-20), and the other end of the sliding groove is matched with a second limiting column on the sliding sleeve (3-8).

6. The elongate workpiece machining apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: One end of the elongated rod workpiece is provided with a connecting disc (4), and the tailstock center (5) is matched with a center hole on the connecting disc (4).

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