Gas protection device for preset laser cladding

Abstract

A flange plate and a protective gas nozzle of the gas protection device are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of a protective gas cylinder body, a protective gas input hole is formed in the side wall of the top end of the protective gas cylinder body, and a spiral semicircular groove is formed in the outer wall of the protective gas cylinder body from top to bottom. The cooling pipeline is spirally embedded in the spiral semicircular groove, and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are formed in the two ends of the cooling pipeline respectively. The device is simple in structure, convenient to disassemble and assemble, small in size and convenient to maintain, surrounding protection of a laser exposure area and protection of inert gas of a molten pool are achieved, it is ensured that the cladding process and the shape, quality and performance of a cladding layer are controllable, cooling of the device in the machining process is achieved, overheating of the device in the cladding process is avoided, and the service life of the device is prolonged. And the risks that the whole system is damaged and loses efficacy, and machining is forced to stop are greatly reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to laser surface treatment technical field especially relates to a kind of gas protection device for preset laser cladding. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the modern metallurgical industry manufacturing field, laser cladding technology is gradually becoming a key surface treatment and material strengthening method with its high efficiency, low pollution, high quality, low loss and other characteristics. The off-axis powder feeding laser cladding is often applied to the surface of large area and simple shape parts due to its high efficiency and low cost. The off-axis powder feeding laser cladding technology, also known as preset laser cladding technology, separates the powder feeding device and the laser beam, and they are independent of each other. Generally, the powder is fed by an outside powder feeding tube, which is located in front of the laser processing direction. The powder is pre-deposited on the surface of the workpiece to be processed under the action of gravity. The laser beam behind scans on the pre-deposited powder, causing the powder to melt and form a molten pool. As the cladding head moves, the molten pool cools and forms a cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece.

[0003] The powder of preset laser cladding is exposed to high temperature air, and may be oxidized to some extent before cladding processing. If there is no gas protection during processing, the powder may be severely oxidized, the cladding process may be out of control, and the appearance, quality and performance of the cladding layer may be affected. After the laser beam is emitted from the end of the optical system, there is usually a certain distance from the surface of the workpiece to be processed. The laser beam exposed to air has safety hazards such as radiation and high temperature. In addition, the powder oxidation factor may cause problems such as molten pool splashing and smoke during cladding processing, which is not conducive to process control and environmental management. Based on the above reasons, in order to ensure the controllability of the cladding process, reduce cladding defects, and ensure that the appearance, quality and performance of the cladding layer meet the requirements, inert gas protection method is often used. For example, the Chinese patent document CN208857364U discloses a preset laser cladding protection gas filling device, which uses a protective shell fixed on the cladding head to introduce argon into the interior of the protective shell through a radiation gas pipe to fill argon around the processing area to achieve the purpose of gas protection. However, this device has problems such as large size, complex structure and lack of cooling. Once the heat accumulation is too high, the protective device may be deformed and fail, the cladding process may be out of control, the appearance, quality and performance of the cladding layer may be affected, and other parts may be damaged, resulting in processing interruption. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a gas protection device for preset laser cladding, which is simple in structure, convenient to disassemble and assemble, small in size, convenient to maintain, realizes surrounding protection of a laser exposure area and inert gas protection of a molten pool, ensures controllability of a cladding process and a cladding layer appearance, quality and performance, realizes cooling of the device during processing, avoids overheating of the device during the cladding process, and greatly reduces the risk of damage and failure of the whole system and forced interruption of processing.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the utility model discloses a gas protection device for preset laser cladding, which comprises a protection gas cylinder body, a flange plate, a cooling pipeline and a protection gas nozzle, the flange plate and the protection gas nozzle are arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the protection gas cylinder body respectively, the side wall of the top end of the protection gas cylinder body is provided with a protection gas input hole, the outer wall of the protection gas cylinder body is provided with a spiral semicircular groove from top to bottom, the cooling pipeline is embedded in the spiral semicircular groove in a spiral shape, and the two ends of the cooling pipeline are respectively a cooling water inlet and an outlet.

[0006] Further, the flange plate is connected with the top end of the protection gas cylinder body through welding, and the protection gas nozzle is connected with the bottom end of the protection gas cylinder body through screwing.

[0007] Further, the inner cavity of the protection gas cylinder body is a light path channel.

[0008] Further, the protection gas cylinder body is a hollow copper pipe, and the cooling pipeline is a cooling water copper pipe.

[0009] The utility model discloses a gas protection device for preset laser cladding, which is simple in structure, convenient to disassemble and assemble, small in size, convenient to maintain, realizes surrounding protection of a laser exposure area and inert gas protection of a molten pool, ensures controllability of a cladding process and a cladding layer appearance, quality and performance, realizes cooling of the device during processing, avoids overheating of the device during the cladding process, and greatly reduces the risk of damage and failure of the whole system and forced interruption of processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0010] The utility model will be further explained in detail in combination with the drawings and embodiments:

[0011] Figure 1 It is structure schematic drawing of the utility model for preset laser cladding's gas protection device;

[0012] Figure 2 It is cross section schematic drawing of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The embodiment is as follows Figure 1 And Figure 2 As shown in the utility model for pre -laser cladding gas protection device includes protection gas cylinder 1, flange plate 2, cooling pipeline 3 and protection gas nozzle 4, flange plate 2 and protection gas nozzle 4 are arranged at the top end and bottom end of protection gas cylinder 1 respectively, the top end side wall of protection gas cylinder 1 is provided with protection gas input hole 11, the outer wall of protection gas cylinder 1 is provided with spiral half circular groove from top to bottom, cooling pipeline 3 is embedded in the spiral half circular groove, and the both ends of cooling pipeline 3 are cooling water inlet 31 and outlet 32 respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the flange plate 2 is connected with the top end of the protection gas cylinder 1 by welding, and the protection gas nozzle 4 is connected with the bottom end of the protection gas cylinder 1 by screwing.

[0015] Preferably, the inner cavity of the protection gas cylinder 1 is a light path channel.

[0016] Preferably, the protection gas cylinder 1 is a hollow copper pipe, and the cooling pipeline 3 is a cooling water copper pipe.

[0017] In the device, the protection gas cylinder is a cylindrical cylinder penetrating from top to bottom, which is made by cutting a finished hollow copper pipe; the flange plate is used for bolt connection with the main body of the laser cladding head; the cooling pipeline is made by bending a copper pipe for water channel, the outer diameter of the copper pipe matches the diameter of the semicircular groove of the outer wall of the protection gas cylinder, is laid in the groove, is embedded in the protection gas cylinder wall from the top to the bottom, and the both ends are cooling water inlet and outlet respectively; the protection gas nozzle is of nozzle structure, has an internal cavity, and the bottom hole is a protection gas output port, and the laser and the protection gas are shot from the protection gas nozzle.

[0018] Assembling the components of the device together, a laser cladding gas protection device equipped with a circulating cooling pipeline is formed, which is used for actual laser cladding production. The inner cavity of the protection gas cylinder is a laser light path passing area, the laser is shot from the top through hole of the protection gas cylinder, and is shot from the bottom protection gas nozzle to the surface of the workpiece to be processed. Argon is input from the protection gas input hole, and after the argon fills the inner cavity of the protection gas cylinder, the argon is output from the protection gas nozzle, an inert gas protection atmosphere is formed in the protection gas cylinder, and an inert gas flow is formed in the adjacent area outside the protection gas nozzle to expel and isolate oxygen in the air, thereby protecting the molten pool formed by alloy powder melting during laser cladding. Cooling water enters from the cooling water inlet, flows through the cooling pipeline, and flows out from the cooling water outlet, thereby taking away heat. Through the spiral design, the contact area between the cooling pipeline and the outer wall of the protection gas cylinder is large, the heat transfer efficiency is high, the cooling speed is fast during processing, and overheating of the device is effectively avoided.

[0019] The device has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient disassembly and assembly, small size and convenient maintenance, realizes the surrounding protection of the laser exposure area and the inert gas protection of the molten pool, ensures the controllability of the cladding process and the cladding layer morphology, quality and performance, realizes the cooling of the device in the processing process, ensures the cooling efficiency of the device, effectively avoids the overheating of the tooling in the cladding process, and greatly reduces the risk of damage and failure of the whole system and forced interruption of processing.

Claims

1. A gas shielding device for pre-positioned laser cladding, characterized in that: It includes a protective gas cylinder, a flange plate, a cooling pipeline and a protective gas nozzle, the flange plate and the protective gas nozzle are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the protective gas cylinder, the top end side wall of the protective gas cylinder is provided with a protective gas input hole, the outer wall of the protective gas cylinder is provided with a spiral semicircular groove from top to bottom, the cooling pipeline is embedded in the spiral semicircular groove in a spiral shape, and the two ends of the cooling pipeline are respectively a cooling water inlet and an outlet.

2. The gas shielding device for pre-positioned laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange plate is connected with the top end of the protective gas cylinder through welding, and the protective gas nozzle is connected with the bottom end of the protective gas cylinder through screw threads.

3. Gas shield for pre-positioned laser cladding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the protective gas cylinder is a light path channel.

4. The gas shielding device for pre-positioned laser cladding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protective gas cylinder is a hollow copper pipe, and the cooling pipeline is a cooling water copper pipe.

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