Building engineering waterproof structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of breakwaters, in particular to a constructional engineering waterproof structure which comprises a waterproof foundation platform, a waterproof top cover system is arranged at the top of the waterproof foundation platform, and a reinforcing pile unit is arranged at the bottom of the waterproof foundation platform; through the arrangement of the wave-resistant blocks and the side drainage holes A and the side drainage holes B formed in the wave-resistant blocks, rainwater or accumulated water accumulated on the surface of the top cover can be rapidly drained, the situation that the accumulated water stays on the surface of the top cover for a long time to form large water pressure is avoided, and the pressure load of the top cover is reduced; meanwhile, the damage risk of the internal structure possibly caused by accumulated water permeation is reduced, and the service life of the structure is prolonged. The protective top shell is made of sulfate-resistant cement concrete, the resistance to environmental erosion is enhanced, and a firm and stable supporting system is jointly formed by an inner supporting frame A and an inner supporting frame B in the protective top shell and a keel body A, a keel body B and a keel body C which are arranged in an arch shape.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wave protection dikes, in particular to a waterproof structure for building engineering. BACKGROUND

[0002] A wave protection dike is a protective structure built on the edge of a coast, estuary or other water area. Its main function is to resist the erosion, scouring and destruction of water power factors such as waves, tides and water flow on land or near-shore facilities, protect the stability of the coastline, and provide a safe environment for ports, coastal engineering, coastal settlements and marine resource development areas. By changing the propagation mode of waves and consuming wave energy, the wave protection dike can effectively reduce the impact of waves on the coast, prevent coastal retreat, and protect the land, buildings, port facilities and marine ecological environment behind from the invasion of seawater.

[0003] For the related technology in the above, the inventor finds that there are the following defects: The traditional concrete wave protection dike will produce stress concentration in the interior under the long-term impact of sea waves, the dry-wet alternation caused by tidal changes and the erosion of seawater. For example, cracks are prone to appear on the surface of the concrete at the parts frequently impacted by sea waves. Once these cracks are formed, seawater will further penetrate into the interior of the concrete, accelerating the corrosion of the steel bars and causing the structural strength to decrease. Moreover, with the passage of time, the cracks will gradually expand, damaging the integrity of the wave protection dike and reducing its ability to resist waves.

[0004] Block stone displacement: For the wave protection dike using block stone piling, the friction between the block stones may not be enough to resist external forces under the strong wave force and water flow scouring. Especially in extreme weather conditions such as storm surges, part of the block stones may be washed away or displaced by the sea waves, damaging the original structure of the wave protection dike and causing gaps in the wave protection dike, thereby affecting its protective effect. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0005] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, the present application provides a waterproof structure for building engineering.

[0006] The waterproof structure for building engineering provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A waterproof structure for building engineering, comprising a waterproof foundation platform, wherein the top of the waterproof foundation platform is provided with a waterproof roof system, and the bottom of the waterproof foundation platform is provided with a reinforcing pile unit.

[0008] A waterproof roof system, comprising a roof unit A, a roof unit B and a roof unit C, each of which comprises a wave-proof block, a side drainage hole A, a supporting leg and a side drainage hole B, the wave-proof block is arranged on the top of the waterproof foundation platform, one side of the wave-proof block is provided with a side drainage hole A, the other side of the wave-proof block is provided with a side drainage hole B, and the bottom of the wave-proof block is fixedly connected with a supporting leg. Wave-proof block: used to block water flow impact, protect the structure below from direct erosion of water waves. Side drainage hole A and side drainage hole B: timely remove the water on the roof surface, reduce the pressure of the roof, and prevent excessive water accumulation from damaging the structure.

[0009] Optionally, the wave-proof block, side drainage hole A and supporting leg further comprise a protective top shell, a positioning groove, a positioning hole, an overflow channel, an inner support frame A, an inner support frame B, a keel body A, a keel body B and a keel through hole, the protective top shell is fixedly installed on the top of the wave-proof block, the top of the protective top shell is provided with a positioning groove, the left and right sides of the positioning groove are provided with positioning holes, the inside of the positioning hole is provided with an overflow channel, the inside of the protective top shell is provided with an inner support frame A, the bottom of the inner support frame A is fixedly connected with an inner support frame B through a keel body A, a keel body B and a keel body C, and the top of the keel body B is provided with a keel through hole. Protective top shell: protect the internal structure, use sulfate-resistant cement concrete to enhance durability and resist external erosion. Positioning groove: facilitate installation with other components, ensure the relative position of each component is accurate, and enhance the overall stability. Positioning hole and overflow channel: prevent debris from blocking while draining water, ensure smooth water flow.

[0010] Optionally, the keel body A, the keel body B and the keel body C are arranged in an arch shape, the keel through hole is located directly below the overflow channel, and the aperture of the keel through hole is the same as that of the overflow channel.

[0011] Optionally, the protective top shell is composed of the inner support frame A and the inner support frame B as the frame, the keel body A, the keel body B and the keel body C as the keel by pouring sulfate-resistant cement concrete, and the side and front of the protective top shell are provided with an arch-shaped groove.

[0012] Optionally, the width of the positioning hole is greater than the diameter of the supporting leg, the bottom of the protective top shell has four supporting surfaces, and the area of the rectangle formed by the four supporting surfaces is smaller than the area of the positioning groove.

[0013] Optionally, the reinforcing pile unit comprises a bottom fixing plate, a spiral pile body, a pile sleeve body, a pile sleeve hole, a stabilizing disc, a support rib plate, a positioning sleeve and a concrete setting body, the bottom fixing plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the waterproof foundation platform, the bottom of the bottom fixing plate is fixedly connected with the spiral pile body, the body of the spiral pile body is sleeved with the pile sleeve body, one side of the pile sleeve body is provided with the pile sleeve hole penetrating through, the bottom of the spiral pile body is fixedly connected with the stabilizing disc, the top of the stabilizing disc is provided with the support rib plate, the top of the support rib plate is fixedly connected with the positioning sleeve, and one side of the stabilizing disc is provided with the concrete setting body. The support rib plate connects the stabilizing disc and the positioning sleeve, enhances the structural stability and transmits force. The positioning sleeve assists concrete pouring, guides concrete flow, fixes the position of the support rib plate and guarantees the structural integrity. The concrete setting body enhances the connecting strength between the pile body and soil and further improves the supporting effect of the reinforcing pile unit.

[0014] Optionally, the side surface of the spiral pile body is provided with a lug, and the lug is distributed in a spiral shape, the pile sleeve body, the spiral pile body and the positioning sleeve jointly form a cavity, and the cavity is filled with underwater poured concrete, and the concrete setting body is formed by the underwater poured concrete overflowing the positioning sleeve.

[0015] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1、The utility model discloses a prevent wave block, the side drain hole A and the side drain hole B that set up on prevent wave block can quickly discharge the rainwater or ponding that the top cover surface gathers, avoid ponding to stay for too long on the top cover surface and form larger water pressure, reduce the pressure load of top cover self, also reduced the risk of internal structure damage that may cause due to ponding penetration, prolong the service life of structure. And the protective top shell not only adopts the resistance of sulphate cement concrete to enhance the resistance ability of self to environmental erosion, and the inner support frame A and the inner support frame B in its inside and the keel body A, the keel body B and the keel body C arranged in an arch shape jointly constitute a firm and stable support system.

[0017] 2、The utility model discloses a set up concrete setting body, positioning sleeve plays the role of guiding the flowing direction of concrete in the process of concrete pouring, makes concrete can fill the cavity that pile sleeve body, spiral pile body and positioning sleeve constitute, guarantees the density and uniformity of concrete pouring, improves the quality and bearing capacity of pile body. The concrete setting body formed by the underwater poured concrete overflowing the positioning sleeve, further strengthens the connecting strength between the pile body and soil, makes reinforcing pile unit and surrounding soil form an organic whole, jointly resists external load, improves the stability and reliability of whole building foundation, lays a solid foundation for long -term safe use of construction engineering. ACCURACY

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the waterproof roof system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the roof unit in the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the protective roof shell in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the main assembly structure of the keel in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the reinforcing pile in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 is a sectional view of the concrete condensate body in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Reference signs: 1, waterproof foundation platform; 2, waterproof roof system; 21, roof unit A; 22, roof unit B; 23, roof unit C; 201, wave protection block; 202, side drain hole A; 203, support foot; 204, side drain hole B; 205, protective roof shell; 206, positioning groove; 207, positioning hole; 208, overflow channel; 209, inner support frame A; 210, inner support frame B; 211, keel body A; 212, keel body B; 213, keel through hole; 214, keel body C; 3, reinforcing pile unit; 301, bottom fixing plate; 302, spiral pile body; 303, pile sleeve body; 304, pile sleeve hole; 305, stabilizing disc; 306, support rib plate; 307, positioning sleeve; 308, concrete condensate body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying Figures 1-7 The present application will be further described in detail.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application discloses a waterproof structure for construction engineering.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 A waterproof structure for construction engineering, comprising a waterproof foundation platform 1, the top of the waterproof foundation platform 1 is provided with a waterproof roof system 2, and the bottom of the waterproof foundation platform 1 is provided with a reinforcing pile unit 3.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 2 to 5, waterproof roof system 2, waterproof roof system 2 includes roof unit A21, roof unit B22 and roof unit C23, roof unit A21, roof unit B22 and roof unit C23 all include wave block 201, side drain hole A202, support foot 203 and side drain hole B204, wave block 201 is arranged at the top of waterproof foundation platform 1, one side of wave block 201 is provided with side drain hole A202, the other side of wave block 201 is provided with side drain hole B204, the bottom of wave block 201 is fixedly connected with support foot 203.

[0030] Wave block 201, side drain hole A202 and support foot 203 further include protective top shell 205, positioning groove 206, positioning hole 207, overflow channel 208, inner support frame A209, inner support frame B210, keel body A211, keel body B212 and keel through hole 213, protective top shell 205 is fixedly installed at the top of wave block 201, the top of protective top shell 205 is provided with positioning groove 206, the left and right sides of positioning groove 206 are provided with positioning hole 207, overflow channel 208 is arranged in the inner part of positioning hole 207, inner support frame A209 is arranged in the inner part of protective top shell 205, inner support frame B210 is fixedly connected with inner support frame A209 through keel body A211, keel body B212 and keel body C214 at the bottom of inner support frame A209, keel through hole 213 is arranged in the top of keel body B212.

[0031] Keel body A211, keel body B212 and keel body C214 are arranged in an arch shape, keel through hole 213 is located directly below overflow channel 208, and the aperture of keel through hole 213 is the same as that of overflow channel 208.

[0032] Protective top shell 205 is composed of inner support frame A209 and inner support frame B210 as the frame, keel body A211, keel body B212 and keel body C214 as the keel by pouring sulphate-resistant cement concrete, and the side and front of protective top shell 205 are provided with an arch-shaped groove.

[0033] The width of positioning hole 207 is greater than the diameter of support foot 203, the bottom of protective top shell 205 has four support surfaces, and the area of the rectangle formed by the four support surfaces is smaller than the area of positioning groove 206.

[0034] It needs to be further explained that: the wave block 201 is an important part of the waterproof roof system, its main role is to resist the impact of external water flow, prevent a large amount of water from accumulating on the surface of the roof, reduce the impact of water flow on the entire structure, and protect the structure below from water erosion. The design of side drain holes A202 and side drain holes B204 can timely drain the water accumulated on the surface of the roof, prevent excessive water from causing pressure on the structure, and also ensure the stability of the waterproof structure in the rainy season or when the water flow is large. The supporting feet 203 not only support the wave block, but also ensure the stable connection between them and the waterproof foundation platform 1, so that they can withstand forces in various directions.

[0035] The protective top shell 205 is made of sulfate-resistant cement concrete, which can effectively resist the erosion of sulfate components in groundwater and rainwater, prolonging the service life of the roof system. The positioning groove 206 can facilitate the installation of other components and ensure the accurate relative position between components, improving the integrity and stability of the entire waterproof roof system. The positioning hole 207 and the overflow channel 208 cooperate with each other to ensure that excess water can be smoothly drained when the water flow is large, and to avoid the entry of debris into the drainage channel and cause blockage through the reasonable design of the positioning hole.

[0036] The inner support frame A 209 and the inner support frame B 210 constitute the main support structure inside the protective top shell, which provides sufficient strength and stiffness to the entire roof, enabling it to withstand large external loads. The keel body A 211, the keel body B 212 and the keel body C 214 are arranged in an arch shape, which not only increases the load-bearing capacity of the protective top shell, but also better disperses the pressure and improves the stability of the structure. The keel through hole 213 corresponds to the overflow channel 208, further optimizing the design of the drainage system and ensuring that water can flow smoothly through the entire roof system.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The reinforcing pile unit 3 comprises a bottom fixed plate 301, a spiral pile body 302, a pile sleeve body 303, a pile sleeve hole 304, a stabilizing disc 305, a supporting rib plate 306, a positioning sleeve 307, and a concrete setting body 308. The bottom fixed plate 301 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the waterproof foundation platform 1. The bottom of the bottom fixed plate 301 is fixedly connected with the spiral pile body 302. The body of the spiral pile body 302 is sleeved with the pile sleeve body 303. The pile sleeve body 303 is provided with the pile sleeve hole 304 on one side. The bottom of the spiral pile body 302 is fixedly connected with the stabilizing disc 305. The top of the stabilizing disc 305 is provided with the supporting rib plate 306. The top of the supporting rib plate 306 is fixedly connected with the positioning sleeve 307. One side of the stabilizing disc 305 is provided with the concrete setting body 308.

[0038] The side surface of the spiral pile body 302 is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion is distributed in a spiral shape. The pile sleeve body 303, the spiral pile body 302 and the positioning sleeve 307 jointly form a cavity, and the cavity is filled with underwater poured concrete. The concrete setting body 308 is formed by the underwater poured concrete overflowing from the positioning sleeve 307.

[0039] It needs to be further explained that the bottom fixing plate 301 is a key component for connecting the reinforcing pile unit and the waterproof foundation platform 1. Its main function is to uniformly transmit the force borne by the entire reinforcing pile unit to the waterproof foundation platform, ensuring firm and reliable connection between the two. The spiral protrusions on the side surface of the spiral pile body 302 can increase the friction between the pile body and the soil when the pile body is rotated into the soil, thereby improving the anchoring force of the pile body and enabling it to better resist vertical and horizontal loads on the structure. The cooperation of the pile sleeve body 303 and the pile sleeve hole 304 can protect the spiral pile body and serve as a formwork during pouring of underwater concrete, ensuring that the concrete forms a uniform and dense structure around the pile body and enhances the load-bearing capacity of the pile body.

[0040] The stabilizing disc 305 is located at the bottom of the spiral pile body. Its function is to further expand the contact area between the pile body and the soil, disperse the pressure borne by the pile body, and prevent the pile body from sinking or tilting. The support rib plate 306 connects the stabilizing disc and the positioning sleeve 307, enhancing the stability of the entire structure and providing reliable support for the positioning sleeve. The positioning sleeve 307 not only helps to fix the position of the support rib plate, but also guides the flow direction of the concrete during pouring of underwater concrete, enabling the concrete to fill into the cavity formed by the pile sleeve body, the spiral pile body and the positioning sleeve, forming a solid concrete setting body 308. The concrete setting body 308 is formed by the underwater poured concrete overflowing from the positioning sleeve. It can further enhance the connection strength between the pile body and the soil, improve the support effect of the entire reinforcing pile unit on the waterproof foundation platform, and ensure that the entire waterproof structure of the building project remains stable under complex geological conditions and external loads.

[0041] Such a structural design enables the waterproof top cover system and the reinforcing pile unit to cooperate with each other, providing reliable waterproofing and stable support functions for building projects. It is suitable for various building project scenarios with high waterproofing requirements and complex geological conditions, can effectively prolong the service life of buildings, and reduce structural damage and maintenance costs caused by waterlogging.

[0042] The implementation principle of the building engineering waterproof structure according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0043] First, the construction of the reinforced pile unit 3 is carried out. The bottom fixing plate 301 is fixed at the predetermined ground position, and the spiral pile body 302 at the bottom thereof is drilled into the ground by rotation. Due to the spiral protrusions on the side surface of the spiral pile body 302, the soil is tightly combined during the drilling process, increasing the friction and anchoring force of the pile body, thereby ensuring that the pile body can be stably fixed in the underground soil layer.

[0044] The pile sleeve body 303 is sleeved on the spiral pile body 302, and the pile sleeve hole 304 can be used as a flow channel and a forming mold for concrete during subsequent underwater concrete pouring. When the spiral pile body 302 reaches the predetermined depth, the stabilizing disc 305 is located at the bottom of the pile body, which further disperses the pressure borne by the pile body and prevents the pile body from sinking or tilting. The support rib plate 306 connects the stabilizing disc 305 and the positioning sleeve 307, enhancing the stability of the entire structure and providing reliable support for the positioning sleeve 307.

[0045] Then, underwater poured concrete is poured into the cavity formed by the pile sleeve body 303, the spiral pile body 302, and the positioning sleeve 307. The concrete gradually fills and solidifies in the cavity to form a solid concrete solidification body 308, and part of the concrete will overflow the positioning sleeve 307, further enhancing the connection strength between the pile body and the soil, improving the support effect of the entire reinforced pile unit on the waterproof foundation platform, and completing the construction of the reinforced pile unit 3, which provides stable foundation support for the entire waterproof structure.

[0046] Waterproof top cover system installation stage:

[0047] After the waterproof foundation platform 1 is constructed and reaches a certain strength, the waterproof top cover system 2 is installed. The wave-resistant blocks 201 of the top cover unit A 21, the top cover unit B 22, and the top cover unit C 23 are placed on the top of the waterproof foundation platform 1, and the support feet 203 at the bottom of the wave-resistant blocks 201 are tightly connected with the waterproof foundation platform 1 to ensure the stable placement of the wave-resistant blocks 201. The side drain holes A 202 on one side of the wave-resistant blocks 201 and the side drain holes B 204 on the other side are used to timely drain the accumulated water on the top cover surface to prevent excessive water pressure on the structure.

[0048] The protective top shell 205 is fixedly installed on the top of the wave-resistant blocks 201, and the inner support frames A 209 and B 210 inside provide the main support structure for the protective top shell 205, enabling it to have sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand external loads. The keel bodies A 211, B 212, and C 214 are arranged in an arch shape, further enhancing the load-bearing capacity and stability of the protective top shell 205. These keels are connected to the inner support frames A 209 and B 210 by pouring sulfate-resistant cement concrete, effectively resisting the erosion of sulfate components in groundwater and rainwater on the structure.

[0049] The positioning groove 206 at the top of the protective top cover 205 is used for precise fitting installation with other components. The overflow channel 208 inside the positioning hole 207 on both sides of the positioning groove 206 is penetrated. When the water flow is large, it can ensure that the excess water can be smoothly discharged, and by reasonable design of the positioning hole 207, it can avoid the entry of sundries into the drainage channel and cause blockage. The keel through hole 213 penetratingly arranged at the top of the keel body B212 corresponds to the overflow channel 208, which optimizes the design of the drainage system and ensures that the water flow can smoothly pass through the entire top cover system and be discharged. Thus, the installation of the waterproof top cover system 2 is completed, and the entire building engineering waterproof structure starts to play a waterproof and protective role, effectively protecting the building structure below from water erosion and other external factors, ensuring the normal use and durability of the building.

[0050] In the entire workflow, each component cooperates with each other, from the basic reinforcement support to the waterproof protection at the top, which together constitutes a complete and efficient building engineering waterproof structure system, which can adapt to various complex working conditions and provide long-term and reliable waterproof protection for buildings.

[0051] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waterproofing structure for construction works, comprising a waterproofing base platform (1), characterized in that: The top of the waterproof foundation platform (1) is provided with a waterproof top cover system (2), and the bottom of the waterproof foundation platform (1) is provided with a reinforcing pile unit (3); The waterproof top cover system (2) comprises top cover unit A (21), top cover unit B (22) and top cover unit C (23), wherein the top cover unit A (21), the top cover unit B (22) and the top cover unit C (23) all comprise a wave protection block (201), a side drainage hole A (202), a supporting leg (203) and a side drainage hole B (204), the wave protection block (201) is arranged on the top of the waterproof foundation platform (1), one side of the wave protection block (201) is provided with the side drainage hole A (202), the other side of the wave protection block (201) is provided with the side drainage hole B (204), and the bottom of the wave protection block (201) is fixedly connected with the supporting leg (203).

2. A waterproofing structure for construction works according to claim 1, characterised in that: The wave protection block (201), the side drainage hole A (202) and the supporting leg (203) further comprise a protective top shell (205), a positioning groove (206), a positioning hole (207), an overflow channel (208), an inner support frame A (209), an inner support frame B (210), a keel body A (211), a keel body B (212) and a keel through hole (213), the protective top shell (205) is fixedly installed on the top of the wave protection block (201), the top of the protective top shell (205) is provided with the positioning groove (206), the left and right sides of the positioning groove (206) are both provided with the positioning hole (207), the inside of the positioning hole (207) is provided with the overflow channel (208), the inside of the protective top shell (205) is provided with the inner support frame A (209), the bottom of the inner support frame A (209) is fixedly connected with the inner support frame B (210) through the keel body A (211), the keel body B (212) and the keel body C (214), and the top of the keel body B (212) is provided with the keel through hole (213).

3. A waterproofing structure for construction works according to claim 2, characterised in that: The keel body A (211), the keel body B (212) and the keel body C (214) are arranged in an arch shape, the keel through hole (213) is located directly below the overflow channel (208), and the aperture of the keel through hole (213) is the same as that of the overflow channel (208).

4. A waterproofing structure for construction works according to claim 2, characterised in that: The protective top shell (205) is composed of the inner support frame A (209) and the inner support frame B (210) as a frame, the keel body A (211), the keel body B (212) and the keel body C (214) as a keel and casted with sulfate-resistant cement concrete, and the side surface and the front surface of the protective top shell (205) are both provided with an arch-shaped groove.

5. A waterproofing structure for construction works according to claim 2, characterised in that: The width of the positioning hole (207) is greater than the diameter of the supporting leg (203), the bottom of the protective top shell (205) has four supporting surfaces, and the area of the rectangle formed by the four supporting surfaces is smaller than the area of the positioning groove (206).

6. A waterproofing structure for construction works according to claim 1, characterised in that: The reinforcing pile unit (3) comprises a bottom fixing plate (301), a spiral pile body (302), a pile sleeve body (303), a pile sleeve hole (304), a stabilizing disc (305), a supporting rib plate (306), a positioning sleeve (307) and a concrete setting body (308), the bottom fixing plate (301) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the waterproof foundation platform (1), the bottom of the bottom fixing plate (301) is fixedly connected with the spiral pile body (302), the body of the spiral pile body (302) is sleeved with the pile sleeve body (303), one side of the pile sleeve body (303) is provided with the pile sleeve hole (304), the bottom of the spiral pile body (302) is fixedly connected with the stabilizing disc (305), the top of the stabilizing disc (305) is provided with the supporting rib plate (306), the top of the supporting rib plate (306) is fixedly connected with the positioning sleeve (307), one side of the stabilizing disc (305) is provided with the concrete setting body (308).

7. A waterproofing structure for construction works according to claim 6, characterised in that: The side surface of the spiral pile body (302) is provided with a lug, and the lug is distributed in a spiral shape, the pile sleeve body (303), the spiral pile body (302) and the positioning sleeve (307) jointly constitute a cavity, and the inside of the cavity is filled with underwater poured concrete, and the concrete setting body (308) is composed of the underwater poured concrete overflowing from the positioning sleeve (307).

Images