Multi-furnace single-tail-gas hazardous waste recycling device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-furnace single-tail-gas hazardous waste recycling device which comprises a plurality of incinerators, each incinerator is connected with a secondary combustion chamber, the top of each secondary combustion chamber is communicated with a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler is connected with a quench tower, the quench tower is connected with a dry-method tower, the dry-method tower is connected with a dust remover, and the dust remover is connected with a waste heat boiler. The end of the dust remover is connected with an induced draft fan, and the induced draft fan generates negative pressure to drive smoke generated by the incinerator to flow in a single-line mode. The utility model provides a multi-furnace single-tail-gas hazardous waste recycling device, which can effectively reduce the generation of harmful gas in the treatment process, improve the working efficiency and avoid the situation that the production cannot be carried out due to the fault of the incinerator.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to dangerous waste treatment technical field especially relates to a kind of dangerous waste resourceization device of multiple furnace single tail gas. BACKGROUND

[0002] For example, the publication number "CN119197170A" discloses "a biomass, garbage boiler efficient energy-saving type waste gas treatment system and treatment process", which comprises an air preheater, a dry desulfurization device, a dust collector, a low-temperature denitration device, a heat exchanger and a chimney connected in sequence at the outlet of the boiler. The inlet and outlet of the first heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger are connected to the low-temperature denitration device and the chimney, respectively. The inlet and outlet of the second heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger are connected to air and the air preheater, respectively. However, in actual application, this type of treatment method is inefficient and cannot effectively control the harmful gases generated during the treatment process. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the problem that the existing technology cannot control the generation of harmful gases mentioned in the background art, the utility model provides a dangerous waste resourceization device with multiple furnaces and single tail gas, which can effectively reduce the generation of harmful gases during the treatment process, improve work efficiency and avoid the situation that the incinerator fails to produce.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] The application discloses a kind of multi-furnace single tail gas hazardous waste resource device, including several incinerators, each described incinerator is connected with two combustion chambers, the top of two combustion chambers is communicated with waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler is connected with quench tower, the quench tower is connected with dry method tower, the dry method tower is connected with dust collector, the end of dust collector is connected with induced draft fan, the induced draft fan generates negative pressure and drives the single line flow of flue gas generated by incinerator.In the combustion system, the flue gas may contain chlorine element, there may be a phenomenon of dioxin precursor generation, plus incineration is a complex chemical reaction, heterogeneous catalysis between fly ash and other factors, even after the destruction of the secondary high-temperature decomposition in the early stage, but with the cooling of the tail gas in the later stage, it is inevitable that there may be a possibility of dioxin resynthesis, so it is necessary to take measures on this point.In the combustible waste incineration system, dioxin is mainly generated by heterogeneous catalytic reaction in the low-temperature incomplete combustion process and in the flue gas fly ash in the range of 300-500 DEG C.Therefore, in the present application, a quench tower is arranged between the waste heat boiler and the dry method tower, wherein the quench tower can rapidly cool the flue gas entering the inside in a short time, and the cooling interval is 550-200 DEG C, which rapidly crosses the main dioxin generation section in the flue gas, and in the present application, a plurality of incinerators are arranged, wherein each incinerator is connected with the subsequent line in parallel, so that each incinerator can work independently and simultaneously, thereby ensuring the working efficiency and improving the stability of the device.

[0006] As preferred, the incinerator side is provided with a wind eye, the wind eye is communicated with the inside and outside of the incinerator, and the wind eye is inclined upward away from the inside of the incinerator.In the device of the present application, a wind eye is arranged on the side of the incinerator, the inside of the incinerator can be observed through the wind eye, and the inside and outside of the incinerator are communicated, wherein the wind eye is inclined, so that the inside of the incinerator can be stably observed, and the smoothness of internal and external ventilation is ensured.

[0007] As preferred, the incinerator comprises a refractory moving layer arranged at the bottom, and the refractory moving layer is connected with a moving wheel set at the bottom.The incinerator is divided into two parts, and a refractory moving layer is arranged at the bottom of the incinerator, wherein the refractory moving layer can move relative to the entire incinerator, and a moving wheel set is arranged at the bottom of the refractory moving layer, which can drive the refractory moving layer to move left and right, so as to push out the refractory moving layer, thereby facilitating subsequent maintenance work.

[0008] As preferred, the waste heat boiler is provided with a plurality of operation layers on the side wall, and each operation layer is provided with an operation unit. The waste heat boiler has a large size, and the plurality of operation layers are arranged on the side wall of the waste heat boiler in sequence from top to bottom, and the operation unit is arranged on each operation layer, wherein the operation unit includes but is not limited to a rapping device for returning and some observation holes, so as to facilitate the work of the staff.

[0009] As preferred, the waste heat boiler is provided with a plurality of operation layers on the side wall, and each operation layer is provided with an operation unit. The waste heat boiler has a large size, and the plurality of operation layers are arranged on the side wall of the waste heat boiler in sequence from top to bottom, and the operation unit is arranged on each operation layer, wherein the operation unit includes but is not limited to a rapping device for returning and some observation holes, so as to facilitate the work of the staff.

[0010] As preferred, the waste heat boiler is provided with a plurality of operation layers on the side wall, and each operation layer is provided with an operation unit. The waste heat boiler has a large size, and the plurality of operation layers are arranged on the side wall of the waste heat boiler in sequence from top to bottom, and the operation unit is arranged on each operation layer, wherein the operation unit includes but is not limited to a rapping device for returning and some observation holes, so as to facilitate the work of the staff.

[0011] As preferred, the waste heat boiler is provided with a plurality of operation layers on the side wall, and each operation layer is provided with an operation unit. The waste heat boiler has a large size, and the plurality of operation layers are arranged on the side wall of the waste heat boiler in sequence from top to bottom, and the operation unit is arranged on each operation layer, wherein the operation unit includes but is not limited to a rapping device for returning and some observation holes, so as to facilitate the work of the staff.

[0012] As preferred, the waste heat boiler is provided with a plurality of operation layers on the side wall, and each operation layer is provided with an operation unit. The waste heat boiler has a large size, and the plurality of operation layers are arranged on the side wall of the waste heat boiler in sequence from top to bottom, and the operation unit is arranged on each operation layer, wherein the operation unit includes but is not limited to a rapping device for returning and some observation holes, so as to facilitate the work of the staff.

[0013] As preferred, the waste heat boiler is provided with a plurality of operation layers on the side wall, and each operation layer is provided with an operation unit. The waste heat boiler has a large size, and the plurality of operation layers are arranged on the side wall of the waste heat boiler in sequence from top to bottom, and the operation unit is arranged on each operation layer, wherein the operation unit includes but is not limited to a rapping device for returning and some observation holes, so as to facilitate the work of the staff.

[0014] As preferred, the waste heat boiler is a membrane wall boiler. The waste heat boiler is a membrane wall boiler, which effectively prevents slagging. The flue gas enters the membrane wall boiler to recover and utilize heat energy, to generate saturated steam, and to reduce the flue gas temperature to about 550 DEG C. The large cavity inside the boiler reduces the flue gas flow rate, increases the dust settling rate in the flue gas, and ensures the heat exchange efficiency between the flue gas and water.

[0015] As preferred, the waste heat boiler is provided with a steam drum at the top, and a plurality of connecting pipes are connected to the steam drum. The steam drum can realize steam-water separation, and the plurality of connecting pipes can ensure the working efficiency and uniformity.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0017] (1) The harmful gas generated in the treatment process can be effectively reduced, the working efficiency can be improved, and the situation that the incinerator fails to produce can be avoided;

[0018] (2) The incinerator can be conveniently repaired, and the incinerator does not need to be disassembled as a whole, so that the working efficiency and convenience are improved;

[0019] (3) The harmful gas generated in the combustion process can be effectively removed, and the generation of harmful gas is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is the top view of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 is the front view of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 is the structural schematic view of the incinerator in the utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the local enlarged view of A in the utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the local enlarged view of B in the utility model.

[0025] In the drawing:

[0026] 1 incinerator, 11 air eye, 12 refractory movable layer, 13 movable wheel set;

[0027] 2 second combustion chamber;

[0028] 3 waste heat boiler, 31 operation layer, 32 heavy hammer flap valve, 33 steam drum, 34 connecting pipe;

[0029] 4 quenching tower;

[0030] 5 dry method tower;

[0031] 6 dust collector, 61 dust hopper, 62 scraper conveyor, 63 collecting pipe, 64 ton bag;

[0032] 7 induced draft fan, 71 induced draft duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, a plurality of incinerators 1 are provided in a multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device, each incinerator 1 is connected with a secondary combustion chamber 2, the secondary combustion chamber 2 is connected with a waste heat boiler 3 at the top, the waste heat boiler 3 is connected with a quench tower 4, the quench tower 4 is connected with a dry method tower 5, the dry method tower 5 is connected with a dust collector 6, the dust collector 6 is connected with an induced draft fan 7 at the end, the induced draft fan 7 generates negative pressure to drive the single-line flow of flue gas generated by the incinerator 1.

[0036] Dioxin is composed of two types of chlorine-containing organic compounds, a total of 210 different monomers, which can be determined by the number and position of chlorine atoms on the basic carbon chain. The toxicity of different monomers varies greatly, and its toxicity decreases with the increase of chlorinated level, among which the most toxic is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzodioxin / furan. According to the current research results, in the combustible waste incineration system, dioxin is mainly generated by heterogeneous catalytic reaction on the fly ash of flue gas in the low-temperature incomplete combustion process and in the range of 300-500℃. The current international purification methods are: oxidative cleavage, high-efficiency filtration, activated carbon adsorption, low-temperature catalysis, electron radiation and plastic absorption, etc. According to the generation mechanism and chemical form of dioxin, the following measures are taken in the process design of the device to inhibit the generation and purification of dioxin: high-temperature direct incineration process is adopted, the degree of completeness of combustion is high. The high temperature of 1100℃ in the secondary chamber plus the residence time of more than 2 seconds can effectively and completely decompose harmful substances. The flue gas realizes 550-200℃ in a short time by semi-dry quenching, quickly crosses the main generation section of dioxin in flue gas; dry method activated carbon adsorption + cloth bag absorption collection is adopted.

[0037] The flue gas in the present combustion system can contain chlorine elements, and precursors of dioxin generation exist. In addition, incineration is a complex chemical reaction, and there are factors such as heterogeneous catalysis between fly ash. Even after the destruction of the secondary high-temperature decomposition in the early stage, there is still a possibility of dioxin resynthesis as the tail gas cools down in the later stage. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to control this point. Dioxin is the most toxic compound among the unintentionally synthesized by-products currently found, and its LD50 (half lethal dose) is more than 1000 times that of potassium cyanide. The dioxin commonly referred to by people includes two series of compounds, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), which have 75 and 135 isomers respectively. The formation pathways of dioxin can be summarized as follows: ① The dioxin contained in the garbage is released during the combustion process; ② In the initial stage of garbage drying and incineration, due to insufficient oxygen supply, dioxin precursors are formed, and these precursors form dioxin through other reactions; ③ Dioxin precursors and HCl, O2, etc. in the waste gas form dioxin under the catalysis of fly ash in the smoke dust (actually the metal in the fly ash). Studies have shown that 250-350°C is the temperature range most prone to dioxin generation. In the combustible waste incineration system, dioxin is mainly generated in the low-temperature incomplete combustion process and the heterogeneous catalytic reaction of fly ash in the flue gas in the range of 300-500°C. Therefore, in the present application, a quenching tower 4 is arranged between the waste heat boiler 3 and the dry method tower 5, wherein the quenching tower 4 can rapidly cool the flue gas entering the inside in a short time, and the cooling interval is 550-200°C, rapidly crossing the main dioxin generation section in the flue gas, and in the present application, a plurality of incinerators 1 are arranged, wherein each incinerator 1 and the subsequent line are arranged in parallel, so that each incinerator 1 can work independently and also can work simultaneously, thereby ensuring the working efficiency and improving the stability of the device.

[0038] As Figure 3 shown, the incinerator 1 side is provided with a wind eye 11, and the wind eye 11 communicates the inside and outside of the incinerator 1. The wind eye 11 is inclined upward away from the inside of the incinerator 1. In the device of the present application, the wind eye 11 is arranged on the side of the incinerator 1, and the inside of the incinerator 1 can be observed through the wind eye 11, and the inside and outside of the incinerator 1 can be communicated, and the wind eye 11 is inclined, so that the inside of the incinerator 1 can be stably observed, and the smoothness of the inside and outside ventilation is ensured.

[0039] As Figure 3As shown, the incinerator 1 includes a refractory movable layer 12 arranged at the bottom, and the refractory movable layer 12 is connected with the refractory movable layer 12 at the bottom. The incinerator 1 is arranged in two parts, and the refractory movable layer 12 is arranged at the bottom of the incinerator 1. The refractory movable layer 12 can move relative to the entire incinerator 1, and the refractory movable layer 12 is arranged at the bottom of the refractory movable layer 12. The refractory movable layer 12 can drive the refractory movable layer 12 to move to the left and right sides, so as to push the refractory movable layer 12 out, thereby facilitating subsequent maintenance work.

[0040] As shown in Figure 2 , a plurality of operation layers 31 are arranged on the side wall of the waste heat boiler 3, and operation units are arranged on each operation layer 31. The waste heat boiler 3 has a large size, and a plurality of operation layers 31 are arranged on the side wall of the waste heat boiler 3. Each operation layer 31 is arranged in order from top to bottom, and operation units are arranged on each operation layer 31. Each operation unit includes but is not limited to a rapping device for returning and some observation holes, so as to facilitate the work of the workers.

[0041] As shown in Figure 4 , the waste heat boiler 3 is connected with a heavy hammer flap valve 32 at the bottom. The heavy hammer flap valve 32 is arranged at the bottom of the waste heat boiler 3. The heavy hammer flap valve 32 can unload and lock air at the same time, which is a device for automatically unloading ash by using the weight of the material.

[0042] As shown in Figure 2 , 5 , a plurality of ash hoppers 61 are arranged in the dust collector 6, and each ash hopper 61 is connected with a scraper conveyor 62. The scraper conveyor 62 is provided with a conveying belt, and the conveying belt is located below each ash hopper 61. The conveying belt is provided with a scraper piece. A plurality of ash hoppers 61 are arranged in the dust collector 6, and each ash hopper 61 is arranged uniformly. A scraper conveyor 62 is arranged below each ash hopper 61. The scraper conveyor 62 includes a conveying belt, which can continuously convey under the drive of a motor. A scraper piece is arranged on the conveying belt. The scraper piece can drive the ash in the ash hopper 61 to be concentrated and conveyed to a specified position.

[0043] As shown in Figure 5 , the end of the scraper conveyor 62 is connected with a collecting pipe 63, and the bottom of the collecting pipe 63 is provided with a ton bag 64. The end of the scraper conveyor 62 is provided with a collecting pipe 63, which can convey the ash accumulated on the scraper conveyor 62. The bottom of the collecting pipe 63 is provided with a ton bag 64, so that the ash can enter the ton bag 64 under the action of gravity through the collecting pipe 63, thereby completing the collection of the ash.

[0044] As shown in Figure 2As shown, the induced draft fan 7 is connected with an induced draft duct 71, which is communicated with the dust collector 6. The induced draft fan 7 is arranged at the end of the whole device, and can generate a negative pressure environment, thereby driving the flue gas in the whole device to flow, ensuring the smoothness of the device.

[0045] The dry method tower 5 is provided with a neutralization injection assembly, which can inject lime and / or activated carbon. The neutralization injection assembly is arranged in the dry method tower 5, wherein the quenching tower 4 reduces the temperature of the flue gas to about 200°C, and the flue gas enters the dry method tower 5. The lime injected by the neutralization injection assembly absorbs the water vapor in the flue gas, and at the same time, a small amount of acidic gas is removed. The activated carbon injected by the neutralization injection assembly adsorbs heavy metals and dioxin pollutants in the flue gas. The flue gas then enters the dust collector 6 to collect fine dust and dioxin in the flue gas.

[0046] The waste heat boiler 3 is a membrane wall boiler. The waste heat boiler 3 is a membrane wall boiler, which effectively prevents slagging. The flue gas enters the membrane wall boiler for heat recovery, generating saturated steam, and at the same time, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 550°C. The large cavity inside the boiler reduces the flow rate of the flue gas, increases the settling rate of the dust in the flue gas, and at the same time, ensures the heat exchange efficiency of the flue gas and water. The system is specially designed for waste incineration. The high-temperature flue gas from the secondary combustion chamber 2 flows at a low speed through the large cavity of the membrane wall of the waste heat boiler 3, and stays for a long time, so that the large particles of dust settle in the boiler by gravity; the flue gas passes through the bag dust collector, and the filter bag is a new type of PTFE+ePTFE microporous coated bag. It has good resistance to the condensation of flue gas caused by the rise of flue gas dew point due to high acidity. Due to the smooth and hydrophobic surface, high-viscosity dust cannot adhere to the surface of the filter material, which greatly reduces the dust removal pressure and greatly prolongs the service life of the filter material. The bag dust collector 6 is a high-efficiency dust removal device, which can remove dust particles larger than 0.5 μm, and the dust removal efficiency can reach more than 99.5%.

[0047] As shown in Figure 2 As shown, the waste heat boiler 3 is provided with a steam drum 33 at the top, and the steam drum 33 is connected with a plurality of connecting pipes 34. The steam drum 33 can realize the effect of steam-water separation, and the plurality of connecting pipes 34 can ensure the working efficiency and uniformity.

[0048] The working process of the multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device in this embodiment is as follows: the high-temperature flue gas in the melting furnace of the incinerator 1 enters the secondary combustion chamber 2, and through contact with the supplemented air and incineration, the organic matter in the flue gas is fully burned. The burned flue gas enters the membrane wall waste heat boiler 3, and through the heat exchange of the boiler wall, steam is generated, and at the same time, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced.

[0049] At the inlet of the waste heat boiler 3, an SNCR denitration device is arranged, and urea solution can be sprayed into the boiler inlet through compressed air. After mixing with the high-temperature flue gas, ammonia gas volatilizes and reacts with nitrogen oxides in the flue gas to convert the nitrogen oxides into harmless nitrogen to the atmosphere.

[0050] The cooled flue gas enters the quenching tower 4 and fully mixes with the water atomized and sprayed into the quenching tower 4, so that the flue gas temperature is reduced from 550°C to about 200°C within 1S, thereby preventing the synthesis of dioxin again.

[0051] The quenched flue gas enters the neutralization tower. Before entering the neutralization tower, the flue gas passes through a neutralization spraying assembly and contacts with the injected lime, and after mixing, the flue gas reacts in the neutralization tower. The lime absorbs free moisture in the flue gas and reacts with and neutralizes the acidic gas in the flue gas. The activated carbon adsorbs dioxin and heavy metals in the flue gas by using its own fine pore size.

[0052] The neutralized flue gas enters the bag-type dust collector 6, so that the unreacted lime and activated carbon in the flue gas are adsorbed on the surface of the bag after entering the bag-type dust collector, and secondary deep reaction and adsorption are performed, thereby removing the acidic substances, VOC harmful substances and dioxin in the flue gas, and removing the dust in the flue gas.

[0053] The dust-removed flue gas enters the primary spray precooling tower, the flue gas mixes with the injected lye, the flue gas temperature is reduced, and at the same time, the acidic substances in the flue gas are removed. The flue gas after cooling and primary deacidification enters the secondary spray deacidification tower again, and the flue gas fully reacts and neutralizes with the injected lye under the uniform distribution and mixing of the filler layer, thereby removing the acidic gas in the flue gas. Finally, the flue gas is sent into the chimney through the induced draft fan 7 for standard emission.

[0054] In this embodiment, according to the requirements of hazardous waste incineration technology construction, the high-temperature flue gas of incineration must be cooled by quenching, the heat energy recovery avoids the temperature region of 200-500°C (effectively inhibits the re-generation of dioxin), and then the flue gas temperature is reduced to below 200°C within 41 seconds, thereby reducing the residence time of the flue gas in the temperature region of 200-500°C. Therefore, the waste heat recovery and utilization temperature region is selected to be 1050°C-550°C, and saturated steam is selected according to the operation needs.

[0055] The particles and dust in the flue gas of incineration may contain certain particulate matters, and while fully utilizing the waste heat, the problem of boiler blockage must be paid attention to. According to the company's years of experience, when the particulate matters enter the subsequent cooling equipment, the flue gas will condense and adhere to the wall of the tube-type heat exchanger (boiler, tube-type water heat exchanger), which causes the system to be unable to normally operate. Therefore, in this design, a membrane wall boiler is adopted to effectively prevent slagging. The flue gas enters the membrane wall boiler for heat energy recovery and produces saturated steam, and at the same time, the flue gas temperature is reduced to about 550°C.

Claims

1. A multi-furnace single tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device, characterized in that, Including several incinerators, each of the incinerators is connected with two combustion chambers, the top of the two combustion chambers is connected with a waste heat boiler, the waste heat boiler is connected with a quench tower, the quench tower is connected with a dry method tower, the dry method tower is connected with a dust collector, the end of the dust collector is connected with an induced draft fan, the induced draft fan generates negative pressure to drive the single-line flow of flue gas generated by the incinerator.

2. The multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incinerator is provided with air eyes on the side, the air eyes are connected with the inside and outside of the incinerator, and the air eyes are inclined upward away from the side of the inside of the incinerator.

3. The multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incinerator includes a refractory moving layer arranged at the bottom, and the refractory moving layer is connected with a moving wheel set at the bottom.

4. The multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of operation layers are arranged on the side wall of the waste heat boiler, and an operation unit is arranged on each operation layer.

5. The multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste heat boiler is connected with a heavy hammer flap valve at the bottom.

6. The multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of ash hoppers are arranged in the dust collector, each ash hopper is connected with a scraper conveyor, a conveying belt is arranged on the scraper conveyor, the conveying belt is located below each ash hopper, and a scraper piece is arranged on the conveying belt.

7. The multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the scraper conveyor is connected with a collection pipe, and a ton bag is arranged at the bottom of the collection pipe.

8. The multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The induced draft fan is connected with an induced draft pipe, and the induced draft pipe is connected with the dust collector.

9. The multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, A neutralization injection assembly is arranged in the dry method tower, and the neutralization injection assembly can inject lime and / or activated carbon.

10. The multi-furnace single-tail gas hazardous waste resource utilization device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, A steam drum is arranged at the top of the waste heat boiler, and a plurality of connecting pipes are connected with the steam drum.

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