Hall effect demonstration instrument based on cathode ray tube

Abstract

The utility model provides a Hall effect demonstration instrument based on a cathode-ray tube. The Hall effect demonstration instrument comprises a high-voltage power supply module, wherein the high-voltage power supply module generates extra-high voltage to drive the cathode-ray tube on the right side. The experimental phenomenon visualization part comprises a cathode-ray tube, a permanent magnet and a light emitting diode, after the cathode and the anode of the cathode-ray tube are connected with high voltage, cathode ray beams, namely electron beams, are generated, and tracks of the electron beams are displayed through an internally arranged fluorescent screen; the two permanent magnets are respectively positioned on two sides of the cathode ray tube to provide a magnetic field; the light emitting diode is connected with a receiving pole plate in the vertical direction inside the cathode ray tube through a wire, the Hall voltage is visualized into an optical signal, the Hall effect demonstration instrument solves the defect that the Hall effect principle is difficult to visualize in the Hall effect teaching process to a certain extent, and the experiment teaching effect can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the physical teaching experiment device technical field, concretely relates to a hall effect demonstration instrument based on cathode ray tube. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, as a kind of principle applied in high-precision sensor, hall effect has wide application in many industries.How to better understand the physical principle of hall effect, especially for the college students, the demonstration instrument for hall effect is indispensable.

[0003] At present, in the occasion of demonstration of the principle of hall effect in teaching, display and other needs, the packaged hall element is mostly used to carry out display, and its phenomenon is only represented by the working state of external electronic element, such as the change of the indication of voltage or current meter, and mostly in the laboratory, students carry out close operation one by one.But this demonstration mode cannot visually demonstrate the principle of hall effect, and when there is a demand to demonstrate to more audience in a larger space, its intuitiveness and attraction to audience are relatively poor, and the effect of demonstration instrument can be greatly reduced. CONTENT OF UTILITY MODEL

[0004] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a hall effect demonstration instrument based on cathode ray tube, which shows more intuitive demonstration and interesting effect.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of a hall effect demonstration instrument based on cathode ray tube, including high-voltage power supply module, light-emitting diode, permanent magnet and cathode ray tube;High-voltage power supply module is connected with both ends of cathode ray tube;Cathode ray tube is internally provided with fluorescent screen and two receiving plates, receiving plate is externally connected with indicating device, cathode ray tube side is provided with magnetic field, and the magnetic induction line of magnetic field is perpendicular to fluorescent screen, and fluorescent screen is parallel to the axial direction of cathode ray tube.

[0006] As further optimization, the high-voltage power supply module includes DC low-voltage power supply module and high-frequency high-voltage amplification module, the DC low-voltage power supply module is connected with the high-frequency high-voltage amplification module, and the DC low-voltage power supply module adopts standard lithium battery, stabilized power supply or storage battery.

[0007] As further optimization, the magnetic field is generated by a group of permanent magnets arranged on both sides of the cathode ray tube.

[0008] As further optimization, the permanent magnet and the cathode ray tube are arranged at the same height.

[0009] As further optimization, the receiving plate adopts the deflection voltage plate provided with the cathode ray tube.

[0010] As a further optimization, a turntable is also included, the high-voltage power supply module, the permanent magnet and the cathode ray tube are all arranged on the turntable, and universal wheels are arranged below the turntable.

[0011] As a further optimization, the indicating device is a light-emitting diode or an amplifier circuit, and an AC-DC converter, a capacitor filter voltage stabilizing device, an integrated operational amplifier and a small fan for indication are arranged in the amplifier circuit.

[0012] As a further optimization, the permanent magnet is arranged on a slide rail, and the slide rail is parallel to the length direction of the cathode ray tube; when the permanent magnet moves on the slide rail, the generated magnetic field also changes; the changed magnetic field acts on the ion beam in the cathode ray tube, so that the trajectory of the ion beam changes; since the movement of the permanent magnet is continuous, the change of the trajectory of the ion beam is also continuous, thereby a dynamic effect is generated.

[0013] As a further optimization, two groups of cathodes and anodes are arranged in the cathode ray tube; a series of new functions and possibilities can be brought, including image superposition, dynamic image generation and color display.

[0014] As a further optimization, the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet is not less than 1500 Gauss.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the Hall effect demonstration instrument has the following beneficial effects: the Hall effect principle can be represented by the light phenomenon displayed on the fluorescent screen through the electron beam deviation in the cathode ray tube, and a certain voltage difference can be obtained from the receiving plate to prove the existence of the Hall effect; the device can make the demonstrator better demonstrate and explain the knowledge of the Hall effect, has a wider application range and higher cost performance; meanwhile, the device is powered by a lithium battery, which greatly reduces the cost of power supply for the device and reduces the size of the device, so that the device is convenient to carry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the device;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the high-frequency high-voltage amplification module in the structural diagram;

[0018] Figure 1 In the structural diagram: 1, signal generating module; 2, high-frequency high-voltage amplification module; 3, light-emitting diode; 4, permanent magnet; 5, cathode ray tube; 6, receiving plate; 7, fluorescent screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one edge" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0020] In the embodiment 1, the present application comprises a high-voltage power supply part and an experimental phenomenon visualization part; the high-voltage power supply part comprises a direct-current low-voltage power supply module and a high-frequency high-voltage amplification module, wherein the power supply module is simple in composition, and a standard lithium battery with a voltage of 3.7V can be selected, or a stabilized power supply can be used to supply appropriate direct-current voltage to the device; the high-frequency high-voltage amplification module converts the direct-current voltage into low-power high-frequency alternating-current high voltage through an inverter booster set, so as to meet the high voltage required for driving the cathode ray tube to generate cathode rays; by setting the inverter booster set and using a 3.7V ordinary lithium battery for power supply, the cost of the high-voltage power supply matched with the cathode ray tube is greatly reduced. The inverter booster set is provided with a magnetic core transformer, an input end of the magnetic core transformer is connected with an inverter circuit, and an output end of the magnetic core transformer is connected with the cathode ray tube; the inverter circuit inverts the direct-current voltage signal on the upstream through a triode, the triode first inverts the direct-current voltage of the direct-current power supply into alternating-current voltage, amplifies the voltage after being connected with the magnetic core transformer, and drives the cathode ray tube to excite cathode rays; the inverter circuit is connected at the rear end of the signal generation module, and a copper coil is used to convert the low-voltage alternating-current voltage obtained by inversion into high-voltage alternating-current voltage, the inverter circuit is connected with the cathode ray tube in two stages; the signal generation module is connected with the high-frequency high-voltage amplification module, and provides a voltage difference of more than one thousand volts for the cathode ray tube, controls the circuit power at the same time, reduces the current value of the high-frequency high-voltage amplification module, and is used to ensure safety.

[0021] The experimental phenomenon visualization part comprises a cathode ray tube: a fluorescent screen is arranged inside the cathode ray tube and is perpendicular to the cathode ray tube and is slightly angled with two excitation electrodes to display the cathode ray beam; receiving electrode plates are arranged on the upper and lower sides in the cathode ray tube to receive the deflected cathode ray beam to generate voltage, and the receiving electrode plates are connected with light emitting diodes outside the receiving electrode plates through wires; permanent magnets are arranged on the two sides of the cathode ray tube, and the permanent magnets are placed on the desktop of the test table through connecting rods, and the positions of the permanent magnets can make the cathode ray beam deflect to the receiving electrode plates. Meanwhile, the deflection voltage applying electrode plate of the cathode ray tube is used as the receiving electrode plate for receiving electrons, the electron beam deflected by the magnetic field is guided to the electrode plate to generate voltage, the voltage difference is obvious, and the light emitting diodes are used, so that the principle of the Hall effect can be displayed.

[0022] Please refer to the accompanying Figure 1 The utility model provides a kind of Hall effect demonstration instrument based on cathode ray tube, including signal generation module 1, high-frequency high-voltage amplification module 2, light emitting diode 3, permanent magnet 4, cathode ray tube 5, receiving electrode plate 6 and fluorescent screen 7;Signal generation module 1 is connected with high-frequency high-voltage amplification module 2, and high-frequency high-voltage amplification module 2 is connected with cathode ray tube 5 two ends;

[0023] Cathode ray tube 5 is internally provided with fluorescent screen 7 and receiving electrode plate 6 for cathode ray, and receiving electrode plate 6 is externally connected with light emitting diode 3, and permanent magnet 4 is placed on the side of cathode ray tube 5, and magnetic induction line is perpendicular to cathode ray tube.The upper and lower sides of the cathode ray tube are provided with a pair of receiving electrode plates for outputting the voltage obtained by the Hall effect, and the receiving electrode plates are connected with light emitting diode 3 to convert the voltage signal into optical signal with higher visualization degree, and the magnetic field intensity of permanent magnet 4 is not less than 1500 Gauss.

[0024] Preferably, permanent magnet 4 and cathode ray tube 5 are arranged on the same horizontal plane, and receiving electrode plate 6 is arranged on the upper and lower sides;Permanent magnet 4 and cathode ray tube 5 are arranged on independent support frames below or placed on the test table at the same time.

[0025] On the basis of embodiment 1, replace the standard lithium battery with a stabilized power supply;Cathode ray tube and high-frequency amplification module use commercially available products.

[0026] In embodiment 2, on the basis of embodiment, permanent magnet 4 is arranged on a slide rail, and the slide rail is parallel to the length direction of cathode ray tube 5;By moving permanent magnet 4, the ion trajectory is changed;When permanent magnet moves on the slide rail, the magnetic field generated also changes;The changing magnetic field acts on the ion beam in the cathode ray tube, causing the ion beam trajectory to change;Since the movement of permanent magnet is continuous, the change of ion beam trajectory is also continuous, thereby producing a dynamic effect, which is used for teaching demonstration and display of the influence of magnetic field on charged particles.

[0027] Working principle: when using the Hall effect demonstration instrument, first use the signal generation module 1 to input an appropriate power size and safe voltage, the high-frequency high-voltage amplification module 2 converts the direct current low voltage input into alternating current high voltage through the inverter boost circuit, and is connected with the cathode ray tube 5 cathode and anode, to provide the cathode ray tube with a voltage difference of thousands of volts to generate an electron beam, when the electron beam is generated in the cathode ray tube 5, the fluorescent screen 7 arranged inside the cathode ray tube 5 can visualize the electron beam track, the permanent magnet 4 is arranged on both sides of the cathode ray tube to provide the magnetic field required for the electron deflection inside the conductor in the Hall effect, and the receiving plate 6 is responsible for receiving the electron beam and outputting the Hall voltage, the light-emitting diode 3 is connected to the receiving plate 6 through a wire, and the light-emitting diode 3 converts the Hall voltage signal into a light signal with higher visualization.

[0028] As shown in Figure 2 The direct current signal of the signal generation module 1 is inverted into an alternating current signal by the triode 9, so that the copper coil booster 8 can amplify the signal to a voltage signal of about 15 kilovolts required by the cathode ray tube.

[0029] Embodiment 2

[0030] A turntable can also be provided, and the high-voltage power supply module, the permanent magnet 4 and the cathode ray tube 5 are arranged on the turntable, and universal wheels are arranged below the turntable, forming a compact and complete display unit; the integrated design not only improves the ornamental and interactive nature of the device, but also facilitates transportation and display; the audience can explore the changes of the ion trajectory by rotating the turntable and moving the device, thereby enhancing the interest and educational nature of the display. The device described in the application can be conveniently displayed in an integrated manner, and is more suitable for educational demonstration, scientific exhibition and popular science activities.

[0031] The components used in the utility model can be purchased from the market or ordered according to the description and the drawings, and the circuit connection of each part adopts a conventional connection mode in the prior art, which will not be described in detail herein, and the contents not described in detail in the description belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0032] In embodiment 3, an amplifier circuit can also be connected outside the receiving plate 6, and the amplifier circuit is provided with a rectifier, a capacitor filter voltage stabilizing device, an integrated operational amplifier and an indicating small fan, so that the effect can be more eye-catching. The Hall voltage is converted into direct current through a diode bridge rectifier; through the capacitor filter voltage stabilizing device, the direct current signal can be controlled within the working range of the operational amplifier; the amplified signal drives an electric fan with a rated voltage of 5v, and the demonstration effect is achieved.

[0033] In Example 4, it is also possible to provide two sets of cathodes and anodes in the cathode ray tube, the cathodes in the cathode ray tube being responsible for emitting electron beams, and the anodes accelerating the electron beams and causing them to be directed towards the screen; when two sets of cathodes and anodes are provided, two independent electron beam systems are formed, which can be controlled separately, allowing more complex image display and dynamic effects to be achieved; by independently controlling the electron beams emitted by the two sets of cathodes and anodes, it is possible to superimpose two different images; this superimposition effect can be used to contrast, enhance or create special visual effects, for example, it is possible to use one electron beam to display a background image and another electron beam to display a foreground image, in order to highlight certain areas or phenomena.

[0034] Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement to part of the technical features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube, characterized in that, It includes a high-voltage power supply module, an indicator device, a permanent magnet (4) and a cathode ray tube (5); the high-voltage power supply module is connected to both ends of the cathode ray tube (5); the cathode ray tube (5) is equipped with a fluorescent screen (7) and two receiving plates (6) inside, the receiving plates (6) are connected to the indicator device outside, a magnetic field is set on the side of the cathode ray tube (5), the magnetic field lines of the magnetic field are perpendicular to the fluorescent screen (7), and the fluorescent screen (7) is parallel to the axis of the cathode ray tube (5).

2. The Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage power supply module includes a DC low-voltage power supply module (1) and a high-frequency high-voltage amplifier module (2). The DC low-voltage power supply module (1) is connected to the high-frequency high-voltage amplifier module (2). The DC low-voltage power supply module (1) uses a regulated power supply, a storage battery or a 3.7V lithium battery.

3. The Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field is generated by a set of permanent magnets (4) arranged on both sides of the cathode ray tube (5).

4. The Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube according to claim 3, characterized in that, The permanent magnet (4) and the cathode ray tube (5) are set at the same height.

5. The Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving electrode (6) is a electrode that applies deflection voltage from the cathode ray tube (5).

6. The Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a turntable, on which the high-voltage power supply module, permanent magnet (4) and cathode ray tube (5) are all mounted, and casters are installed under the turntable.

7. The Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indicator device is a light-emitting diode (3) or an amplifier circuit. The amplifier circuit includes an AC / DC converter, a capacitor filter voltage regulator, an integrated operational amplifier, and a small fan for indication.

8. The Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permanent magnet (4) is mounted on a slide rail, which is parallel to the length direction of the cathode ray tube (5).

9. The Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two sets of cathodes and anodes are set in the cathode ray tube (5).

10. The Hall effect demonstrator based on a cathode ray tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet (4) is not less than 1,500 Gauss.

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