Multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module and concentrator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module and a concentrator. The multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module comprises a data transmission module, a power supply module, an RS232 interface, an RS485 interface, a USB interface, an infrared interface and an auxiliary terminal, the data transmission module is composed of a plurality of communication channels, the power supply module is responsible for providing a stable power supply, and the auxiliary terminal is used for accessing a power supply and other auxiliary signals. And the system automatically switches the channels, so that the intervention of the user is reduced, and the convenience and efficiency of operation are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to concentrator technical field especially relates to a kind of concentrator communication module and concentrator of multi-channel flexible switching. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of smart grid and remote centralized meter reading technology, concentrator (Concentrator) as the core management and control equipment of remote centralized meter reading system, plays a vital role. It is not only responsible for reading the data of terminal regularly, but also bears data communication, system command transmission, event recording, and horizontal transmission of data and other functions, to ensure the efficient operation of the whole system.

[0003] However, in practical application, concentrator communication module still faces a series of technical challenges, especially the problem of conduction interference. Conduction interference refers to the phenomenon that signals (such as harmonic interference) on one electrical network are coupled into another electrical network through conductive medium. This interference not only affects the working stability of concentrator, but also may have serious impact on data communication, leading to data transmission error or communication interruption, affecting the reliability and real-time performance of remote meter reading system.

[0004] The existing concentrator communication module usually adopts single communication channel or fixed channel allocation mode, which has poor adaptability in complex environment. Especially in the scene where signal interference is more serious, the stability and transmission efficiency of communication module are limited.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a concentrator communication module with multi-channel flexible switching and concentrator. SUMMARY

[0006] The utility model provides a kind of concentrator communication module and concentrator with multi-channel flexible switching to solve the above problems existing in prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0008] A concentrator communication module with multi-channel flexible switching, comprising: a data transmission module, a power module, an RS232 interface, an RS485 interface, a USB interface, an infrared interface and an auxiliary terminal;

[0009] The data transmission module is composed of multiple communication channels, the power module is responsible for providing stable power supply, and the auxiliary terminal is used for accessing power supply and other auxiliary signals.

[0010] It further comprises a controller.

[0011] The controller is used for managing switching of different communication channels, the RS232 interface, the RS485 interface, the USB interface and the infrared interface are connected with the input end of the controller respectively;

[0012] The data transmission module comprises a plurality of independent communication modules for RS232, RS485, USB and infrared communication, the communication modules are connected with the controller, and dynamic switching and management of the channels are realized through the controller.

[0013] The power module comprises a power stabilizing circuit, which provides the required stable voltage for the controller and the data transmission modules, and the output end of the power module is connected with the input end of the controller and the data transmission modules.

[0014] The controller intelligently switches the communication channels according to the received communication demand signals, so as to ensure the stability and efficiency of data transmission.

[0015] The controller comprises a processor and an interface module, the processor is used for controlling the working state of the interface module, and the interface module is used for managing switching of the communication channels.

[0016] The RS232 interface is a unidirectional data transmission port, which is used for remote maintenance with external equipment, the RS485 interface supports multipoint data transmission and is suitable for remote meter reading and device monitoring, the USB interface is used for data interaction with external equipment, and the infrared interface adopts modulated infrared communication and is used for wireless data transmission.

[0017] The auxiliary terminal comprises a power input end and a signal input end, the power input end is used for connecting external power, and the signal input end is used for receiving control signals or alarm signals of external equipment.

[0018] The controller dynamically adjusts the priority and switching strategy of the communication channels, so as to ensure optimization of data transmission effect.

[0019] The concentrator comprises a multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module, a shell, a display panel, a keyboard and a data transmission interface, wherein:

[0020] The shell adopts a wall-mounted design;

[0021] The display panel is a 160*160 dot matrix monochrome LCD with a diode backlight;

[0022] The keyboard comprises six keys, which are up, down, left, right, cancel and confirm respectively;

[0023] The data transmission interface supports a plurality of data transmission modes, including GPRS, CDMA and PSTN, wherein the GPRS is a standard configuration, and the CDMA and the PSTN are optional configurations.

[0024] The shell is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and is suitable for wall mounting.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0026] A kind of multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module, comprising: data transmission module, power module, RS232 interface, RS485 interface, USB interface, infrared interface and auxiliary terminal;Data transmission module is composed of multiple communication channels, power module is responsible for providing stable power supply, auxiliary terminal is used to access power supply and other auxiliary signals.System automatically switches channel, reduces the intervention of user, improves the convenience and efficiency of operation.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following specification, and, partially become apparent from the specification, or be understood by implementing the present application.

[0028] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present application together with embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application.In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 For the concentrator communication module structure diagram of the multi-channel flexible switching of the embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 For the concentrator structure diagram in the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 For the auxiliary terminal schematic diagram in the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and not used to limit the present application.

[0034] The embodiments of the present application provide a kind of multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module, comprising: data transmission module, power module, RS232 interface, RS485 interface, USB interface, infrared interface and auxiliary terminal;

[0035] Data transmission module is composed of multiple communication channels, power module is responsible for providing stable power supply, auxiliary terminal is used to access power supply and other auxiliary signals.

[0036] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: the data transmission module is the core part of the communication system. It is composed of multiple independent communication channels, which can include RS232, RS485, USB, infrared and other communication methods. Each communication channel has an independent data transmission path and control unit for processing data transmission requests of different interfaces. Each channel can be flexibly switched through control logic, allowing users to select the appropriate communication method as needed. For example, when debugging the device, you can communicate with the device through the RS232 interface; when transmitting a large amount of data, you can choose the RS485 or USB interface to improve data transmission rate. When the communication needs of an interface arise (for example, the RS232 interface receives a data request), the data transmission module will process the data through the designated channel and transmit the data through the corresponding interface. At the same time, if the user switches to another interface (such as USB), the system will automatically interrupt the current communication and reconfigure the data channel to the new interface.

[0037] The power module is responsible for providing stable power support for the entire concentrator communication module. It converts the external input voltage (such as 12V DC) into the various voltage levels required by the module and powers the data transmission module, interface and control circuit. The power module usually integrates overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuits inside to ensure safe and stable operation of the module in various environments.

[0038] RS232 interface: used for traditional serial data transmission. The RS232 interface is commonly used for device debugging or communication with traditional devices.

[0039] RS485 interface: suitable for long-distance, multi-device communication. The RS485 interface can stably transmit over distances of several hundred meters and supports multi-point communication, making it suitable for industrial control environments.

[0040] USB interface: provides a high-speed data transmission channel, suitable for high-speed data exchange between computers and concentrators, and is usually used for large-capacity data transmission.

[0041] Infrared interface: used for short-range, low-power wireless communication, suitable for use in short-range wireless communication scenarios.

[0042] Auxiliary terminal: The auxiliary terminal is used to access power signals and other possible auxiliary control signals, such as trigger signals, alarm signals, etc.

[0043] Assuming that RS232 interface debugging operation with external devices is required, the steps are as follows:

[0044] Initialize the power module: power the entire system through the power module to ensure stable operation of the module.

[0045] Selecting RS232 interface: Select RS232 as the data transmission channel in the user interface or through an external controller. The data transmission module switches to the corresponding RS232 communication channel.

[0046] Data transmission: The data transmission module starts exchanging data with external devices through the RS232 interface. For example, the user sends instructions to the device, and the system transmits instruction data through the RS232 interface. The device returns response data.

[0047] Switching to USB interface: If the data volume is large, the user can choose to switch to the USB interface. The data transmission module switches the communication to the USB channel according to the user's selection and continues the data transmission.

[0048] Operation end: After the user completes the operation, the system can be turned off or other operations (such as sending an end signal, recording logs, etc.) can be performed through the auxiliary terminal.

[0049] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are: the module can freely select and switch different communication channels (such as RS232, RS485, USB, and infrared interface) according to different needs, which can flexibly adapt to different communication environments and meet various application scenarios. Each interface has its unique advantages, RS232 is suitable for short-distance low-speed communication, RS485 is suitable for long-distance multi-device communication, USB is suitable for large-capacity high-speed data transmission, and infrared is suitable for short-distance wireless transmission. These different interfaces can be selected according to specific needs to ensure efficient data transmission. Through the concentrator module for unified management, the user does not need to frequently manually switch different devices, and the operation is more convenient. The system automatically switches the channel, reducing the user's intervention, improving the convenience and efficiency of the operation. The power module provides stable power supply, avoiding communication interruption caused by power fluctuation. The internal overvoltage and overcurrent protection mechanism ensures the reliability of the system, improving the stability in long-term use.

[0050] In another embodiment, it also includes a controller;

[0051] The controller is used to manage the switching of different communication channels, and the RS232 interface, RS485 interface, USB interface, and infrared interface are respectively connected with the input end of the controller;

[0052] The data transmission module includes multiple independent communication modules for RS232, RS485, USB, and infrared communication. The communication modules are connected with the controller to realize dynamic switching and management of the channel through the controller.

[0053] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: the controller, as the brain of the system, is responsible for coordinating and managing the switching and data transmission of multiple communication channels (RS232, RS485, USB, infrared interface). It selects and switches different communication channels by receiving instructions from users or other control devices, so that the data transmission module can communicate with external devices through different interfaces.

[0054] RS232, RS485, USB and infrared interface: each interface has an independent communication module for implementing specific types of communication (such as serial communication, long-distance communication, USB data exchange, etc.). These interfaces are connected to the input ports of the controller.

[0055] The RS232 interface is used for traditional serial data transmission, suitable for short-distance low-speed communication.

[0056] The RS485 interface is suitable for long-distance and multi-device communication, supporting bidirectional data transmission.

[0057] The USB interface provides high-speed data transmission, suitable for large-capacity data exchange.

[0058] The infrared interface is mainly used for short-distance wireless communication, often used for low-power device interaction.

[0059] Data transmission module: each communication interface has an independent communication module responsible for data transmission according to the controller's instructions. When the controller switches to a certain interface, the data transmission module is responsible for communicating with external devices through that interface.

[0060] Select and switch communication channels: the controller can select the desired communication interface through user input (such as through interface buttons or through external control device instructions). After receiving the instructions, the controller will automatically switch to the corresponding communication channel. For example, if the user selects the RS485 interface, the controller will instruct the system to switch to the RS485 communication module and start data transmission through RS485.

[0061] Management of communication channels: the controller can not only switch channels, but also dynamically schedule between multiple channels. For example, in some cases, the controller can simultaneously open the RS485 interface and the USB interface to perform different data transmission tasks. The working status of each interface and module is monitored and managed by the controller in real time.

[0062] Data transmission: after the controller completes channel switching, the corresponding communication module starts data exchange with external devices through the specified interface. The data transmission module transmits data from the source device to the receiving device or vice versa.

[0063] Assuming the user needs to communicate with the device via the RS232 interface, and then switch to the USB interface for data transmission, the operation steps are as follows:

[0064] Initialize the power supply: the power module provides stable power supply for the system to ensure the normal work of the whole communication module.

[0065] Select the RS232 interface: the user selects the RS232 interface on the controller interface. After receiving the instruction, the controller automatically switches to the RS232 communication module and prepares for serial communication.

[0066] Data transmission: under the support of the RS232 communication module, the data transmission module starts data exchange with the device through the RS232 interface. Assuming the user sends data instructions and receives the response returned by the device.

[0067] Switch to the USB interface: when large-capacity data transmission is needed, the user selects to switch to the USB interface. After receiving the switching instruction, the controller stops the work of the RS232 module and switches the data transmission module to the USB module.

[0068] USB data transmission: the USB communication module starts high-speed data exchange with external computers or devices through the USB interface. At this time, the controller manages the smooth transition from RS232 to USB, ensuring that data is not lost.

[0069] End operation: when the data transmission is completed, the user can stop communication through the controller, enter standby or shutdown state, or switch to other interfaces for the next operation.

[0070] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the controller can dynamically select and switch communication channels according to needs, and the user can select the most suitable communication interface according to different application scenarios. Since the controller can manage multiple communication channels in real time and quickly switch between different channels, it ensures the efficiency and stability of data transmission. Dynamic management of multiple channels also allows the module to perform multiple data transmission tasks simultaneously, improving the efficiency of the system. The controller centralizes the management of different interfaces, so that the user can complete channel switching through simple operations (such as selecting menu items or pressing keys), without manual intervention and hardware reconnection, greatly simplifying the operation process.

[0071] In another embodiment, the power module includes a power stabilizing circuit that provides the required stable voltage for the controller and each data transmission module. The output end of the power module is connected with the input end of the controller and the data transmission module.

[0072] The working principle of the above technical solution is: the main function of the power module is to provide stable voltage for each component in the system to ensure its normal operation. In this system, the power stabilizing circuit outputs stable voltage to the controller and data transmission module after stabilizing the input unstable power (usually AC voltage or unstable DC voltage). The specific working principle is as follows:

[0073] Power input: The input end of the power module receives external power signals, usually AC voltage (such as 220V) or DC voltage (such as 12V). If it is an AC power supply, it is first converted to a direct current power supply through a rectifier circuit. If the input is a DC voltage, it directly enters the subsequent voltage stabilization process.

[0074] Rectification and filtering: After receiving the input power, the rectifier circuit (such as a diode bridge rectifier) in the power module converts the AC signal to a DC signal. The converted DC voltage may still have some fluctuations or noise, so it is usually smoothed by a filter capacitor to remove high-frequency noise.

[0075] Voltage stabilizing circuit: Then, the filtered power enters the voltage stabilizing circuit. The voltage stabilizing circuit generally uses linear voltage stabilizers (such as 7805, 7812, etc.) or switching power supply modules (such as DC-DC converters). These voltage stabilizers, according to the required output voltage type, use internal adjustment mechanisms to stabilize the input power output to the specified voltage value. For example, if the controller and data transmission module require 5V DC voltage, the voltage stabilizing circuit will convert the input voltage to a stable 5V.

[0076] Output: The stabilized power is provided to the input of the controller and data transmission module through the output of the power module. The output usually includes multiple output channels to meet the voltage requirements of different modules. In the case of multiple output channels, the power module needs to ensure that each output voltage remains stable and is not affected by fluctuations in other loads.

[0077] Current monitoring and protection: To ensure the safety of the system, the power module is usually equipped with an overcurrent protection circuit that will start when the output current of a certain channel exceeds the predetermined value, cutting off the power supply to avoid damaging the equipment. In addition, some power modules also integrate temperature sensors that start the cooling or power-off protection mechanism when the module temperature is too high.

[0078] Suppose we have a multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module that requires 5V and 12V power input. The operation steps of the power module are as follows:

[0079] Connect the power supply: Connect a 12V DC power signal externally to the input end of the power module.

[0080] Rectification and Filtering: The power module converts the input AC power (if AC) to DC power through a rectification circuit, then uses a filter capacitor to eliminate fluctuations.

[0081] Voltage Stabilization: The voltage stabilization circuit stabilizes the 12V DC to 5V and 12V outputs, providing the required voltage for the controller and communication module respectively.

[0082] Output Stable Voltage: 5V voltage is supplied to the controller, and 12V voltage is supplied to the data transmission module. The voltage output is connected to the input of the corresponding module.

[0083] Protection Mechanism: If the current exceeds the standard or the module temperature is too high, the power module cuts off the power supply through the protection circuit to ensure system safety.

[0084] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are: The power module provides stable voltage through the voltage stabilization circuit, ensuring that the controller and data transmission module can operate normally under various working conditions. Especially when the power supply is unstable or the load changes, the voltage stabilization circuit can effectively eliminate voltage fluctuations, ensuring the reliability of system operation. The power module supports multiple outputs and can provide different voltages (such as 5V, 12V, etc.) for different modules, increasing the flexibility and adaptability of the system. Different modules use different voltages as needed, avoiding the complexity of external power supply. Through the built-in overcurrent and overheating protection mechanism, the power module can detect abnormal conditions in time and take measures (such as automatic power-off or current limiting output), thereby avoiding equipment damage or system failure and enhancing the safety of the system.

[0085] In another embodiment, the controller intelligently switches communication channels according to the received communication demand signal, ensuring the stability and efficiency of data transmission.

[0086] The working principle of the above technical solution is: The controller receives the communication demand signal from the upper control system or external device through the interface (such as GPIO, UART, SPI, etc.). The signal indicates the currently required communication channel, such as a specific frequency band, data transmission rate, or a specific communication standard (for example: Wi-Fi, LTE, ZigBee, etc.). The controller can understand the requirements of data transmission through these signals.

[0087] After the controller's built-in processing unit (such as microprocessor or FPGA) receives the communication demand signal, it will analyze the signal according to the preset algorithm or configuration file. These configuration files may include the priority, bandwidth, and delay requirements of each communication channel, and the controller decides which communication channel to switch to according to this information.

[0088] The controller decides to select the most suitable communication channel according to the demand signal and internal algorithm. The switching decision may consider the following factors:

[0089] Load status of current communication channel;

[0090] Transmission speed of each channel;

[0091] Signal quality of the channel (such as signal-to-noise ratio, interference, etc.);

[0092] Available bandwidth;

[0093] Transmission delay, etc.

[0094] For example, if the received demand signal indicates the need for a higher data transmission rate, and the current primary channel is in a high-load state, the controller may intelligently select another channel to ensure communication efficiency and stability.

[0095] Once the switching decision is made, the controller performs the switching operation through the interface with each communication module (such as a signal switching switch, multiplexer, or software-controlled interface). This usually includes:

[0096] Switching to the specified frequency band or network;

[0097] Dynamically configuring the parameters of the modem;

[0098] Changing the communication protocol stack or link;

[0099] Adjusting the data transmission route.

[0100] Data transmission:

[0101] After switching to the new communication channel, the controller begins to transmit data through the new channel. To ensure the stability of data transmission, the controller will continuously monitor the status of the new channel and make further adjustments or switching as needed.

[0102] Suppose we are designing a multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module that supports Wi-Fi, LTE, and ZigBee communication channels. The following are the operation steps:

[0103] Receive demand signal: The controller receives a signal from the upper system indicating the need to transmit a small amount of data with low delay, and preferentially selects the ZigBee channel.

[0104] Parse signal: After the controller parses the signal, it determines that the ZigBee channel is currently idle and has sufficient bandwidth, and decides to select ZigBee for data transmission.

[0105] Switch to ZigBee channel: The controller controls the switching module through software to switch the data transmission path from Wi-Fi to ZigBee.

[0106] Start data transmission: data is transmitted through ZigBee, and the controller continuously monitors the status of the channel to ensure smooth data transmission.

[0107] Dynamic adjustment: if the ZigBee signal quality decreases or congestion occurs during transmission, the controller can monitor in real time and switch to the LTE or Wi-Fi channel to ensure communication stability and efficiency.

[0108] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are: through intelligent switching of communication channels, the controller can select the optimal channel among multiple communication channels, which can avoid signal interference, improve anti-interference ability and ensure communication stability. According to real-time communication requirements and the load of each channel, the controller can flexibly select a communication channel with larger bandwidth and faster speed to improve the transmission efficiency of the system. Intelligent switching can effectively reduce the delay caused by communication bottlenecks or network congestion. For example, if a channel has too high load or congestion, the controller can quickly switch to a channel with lighter load to ensure low-latency real-time data transmission.

[0109] In another embodiment, the controller includes a processor and an interface module, the processor is used to control the working state of each interface module, and the interface module is used to manage the switching of each communication channel.

[0110] The working principle of the above technical solution is: the processor usually adopts a microcontroller (MCU), a digital signal processor (DSP) or an embedded processor (such as ARM Cortex series). Its main tasks are:

[0111] Receive and analyze communication demand signals from external devices (such as host computers, sensors, etc.); evaluate the current network state and channel performance through a pre-set algorithm to determine which communication channel is most suitable for the current transmission requirements; control the working state of the interface module and instruct it to switch to the specified communication channel.

[0112] The interface module is mainly used to manage and control the switching of each communication channel. It connects with the communication module (such as Wi-Fi, LTE, ZigBee, etc.) through a hardware interface and is responsible for converting the switching instructions of the processor into actual hardware operations. The interface module usually includes:

[0113] Switching circuit: realizes the physical switching between different communication channels. For example, multiplexer (MUX), switching circuit, etc., used to switch the data transmission path between different communication modules.

[0114] Communication module interface: connects different communication modules, such as Wi-Fi module, LTE module, ZigBee module, etc. These modules provide their own specific communication channels, and through the switching of the interface module, the communication path can be quickly switched.

[0115] Transmission Controller: Manages the operational status of each communication channel, including setting communication parameters, adjusting data rates, managing bandwidth allocation, etc.

[0116] Assuming we are designing a multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module, the system supports Wi-Fi, LTE, and ZigBee three communication channels. The following are the operation steps:

[0117] Step 1: Receive demand signal

[0118] The processor receives a signal from an external device (such as a sensor or control system) through the UART or SPI interface, indicating that low-latency data transmission is required, and the ZigBee channel is preferred.

[0119] Step 2: Processor parses demand

[0120] The processor parses the received signal and analyzes the data transmission requirements, including required bandwidth, delay requirements, and data volume, etc. Based on these parameters, the processor decides to select ZigBee as the current transmission channel.

[0121] Step 3: Switch channels

[0122] The processor sends instructions to the interface module through the control interface module, requiring the interface module to switch to the ZigBee channel. The interface module activates the interface of the ZigBee communication module according to the control signal, and closes other unnecessary modules (such as Wi-Fi or LTE modules).

[0123] Step 4: Data transmission

[0124] Once the ZigBee channel is activated, data is transmitted through this channel. The interface module continuously monitors the transmission status of the ZigBee module to ensure smooth data transmission.

[0125] Step 5: Dynamic adjustment

[0126] During data transmission, if the signal quality of ZigBee decreases or interference occurs, the interface module can switch to a more stable communication channel (such as LTE or Wi-Fi) according to the new instructions of the processor to ensure uninterrupted transmission.

[0127] The processor connects with the interface module through buses such as I2C, SPI, or UART, transmitting control signals and status information. The interface module controls the access and switching of different communication modules (Wi-Fi, LTE, ZigBee, etc.) through hardware interfaces such as GPIO, multiplexer, and switching circuit. The connection of each communication module is usually through standard communication interfaces such as UART, SPI, PCIe, etc. with the interface module.

[0128] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by intelligently selecting the most suitable communication channel for the current demand, the controller can effectively avoid communication instability caused by channel congestion, signal interference, etc. For example, when the ZigBee signal quality decreases, the system can quickly switch to the LTE or Wi-Fi channel, thereby ensuring the stability of data transmission. By monitoring and switching communication channels in real time, the system can automatically select a communication channel with larger bandwidth and faster transmission rate, improving data transmission efficiency. For scenarios with high bandwidth demand, Wi-Fi or LTE channels can provide higher transmission rates; while in low-power, short-distance communication scenarios, ZigBee can provide better power efficiency. The controller can flexibly switch channels according to different communication needs and environmental conditions to meet the needs of various communication scenarios. Whether it is long-distance high-speed transmission or short-distance low-power communication, the system can select the appropriate communication channel according to the actual demand. Since the system can dynamically switch channels and optimize the communication path, the hardware resources required for multiple communication modules to work simultaneously are reduced, thereby reducing hardware costs. In addition, by reducing unnecessary hardware switching, power consumption can be further reduced, prolonging the service life of the device.

[0129] In another embodiment, the RS232 interface is a one-way data transmission port for remote maintenance with external devices, the RS485 interface supports multipoint data transmission and is suitable for remote meter reading and device monitoring, the USB interface is used for data interaction with external devices, and the infrared interface uses modulated infrared communication for wireless data transmission.

[0130] The working principle of the above technical solution is: RS232 is a one-way data transmission interface, commonly used for point-to-point communication. It uses voltage signals for data transmission, with standard levels of +12V (representing logic 0) and -12V (representing logic 1). When using RS232, one device acts as the sender (such as a computer or controller), and the other device acts as the receiver (such as a remote maintenance device). Connect the two through a DB9 or DB25 connector, and the data transmission direction is one-way.

[0131] Suppose you want to use RS232 to maintain a remote device. First, connect the RS232 port to the computer's COM port and the remote device's RS232 interface. Set up communication parameters (such as baud rate, data bits, stop bits, and parity bits) through serial communication software (such as PuTTY or HyperTerminal). After starting the software, the computer sends control commands, and the remote device receives and feeds back relevant data.

[0132] RS485 interface supports half-duplex communication, allowing multiple devices to communicate on the same bus. It is commonly used in industrial control and remote monitoring. RS485's differential signal transmission method has strong anti-interference ability, suitable for long-distance data transmission. RS485 bus can support up to 32 devices connected through twisted pair. Device A, B, C are connected to the bus, the master device sends data through the controller, and other devices receive.

[0133] Suppose you are doing remote meter reading. You connect the host (such as a remote meter reading terminal) to multiple meter reading devices through the RS485 interface. By configuring the communication protocol and address, each meter reading device has a unique ID, and the host sends a request command (such as reading the meter number), and the device returns the data. The anti-interference characteristics of RS485 ensure stable operation in industrial environments.

[0134] USB interface is a common data exchange method between computer and external devices. Its advantages are high-speed data transmission and plug-and-play features, widely used in short-distance data exchange. USB connected devices use standard USB interfaces (such as USB-A, USB-B or USB-C). Data transmission is usually bidirectional, suitable for various peripherals (such as printers, storage devices, sensors, etc.).

[0135] For example, use the USB interface to connect data acquisition devices to the computer. After plugging in the USB cable, the operating system automatically recognizes the device and installs the necessary drivers so that the device can interact with data. Users can read data or send control instructions through the application program.

[0136] Infrared interface uses modulated infrared signals for wireless data transmission, suitable for short-distance communication. It is commonly used in remote control devices, wireless data transmission, and other low-power application scenarios. The infrared interface consists of infrared transmission and reception modules, usually equipped with infrared emitter tubes and receiver tubes. By modulating the signal, data is transmitted in the form of infrared light waves.

[0137] Suppose you are using an infrared interface to control the air conditioner. Through the infrared remote control, press the specific button, the remote control sends modulated infrared signals, and the air conditioner receives the signals and responds accordingly. This method is suitable for scenarios where devices need to communicate wirelessly at short distances.

[0138] The above technical solution has the advantages of simplicity, low cost, and easy implementation, making it suitable for short-distance and one-way data transmission. Its transmission distance is generally not more than 15 meters, making it suitable for scenarios that require simple maintenance and control, such as the connection of computers, modems, printers, and other devices. Since its electrical standard is widely accepted, it is easy to be compatible with various old devices. RS485 supports multi-point communication and long-distance transmission, has strong anti-interference ability, and is suitable for device monitoring and remote meter reading in industrial environments. Its maximum communication distance can reach 1200 meters, and up to 32 devices can communicate on the same bus, thus having high reliability and stability, and being able to meet the needs of complex communication networks. The USB interface not only supports high-speed data transmission, but also has the characteristics of plug and play and hot plug. It is very suitable for efficient data interaction within a short distance, especially in the connection of personal computers and peripherals such as external hard drives, printers, and cameras, and can provide a convenient and reliable communication method. The popularity of the USB interface makes it easier to connect various devices, supports high-speed data transmission, and improves the efficiency of the device. The infrared interface uses wireless transmission, has the advantages of low power consumption, short distance, and privacy protection. Since it does not require physical connection, it avoids the trouble of cable wiring, and is very suitable for scenarios such as home appliance remote control and short-distance communication between mobile devices. The low power consumption of the infrared interface also makes it suitable for battery-powered devices, prolonging the service life of the device.

[0139] In another embodiment, the auxiliary terminal includes a power input terminal for connecting an external power source and a signal input terminal for receiving a control signal or an alarm signal from an external device.

[0140] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: Figure 3Terminal 13 to 20 (Remote 1 to Remote 4): These terminals are typically used for signal transmission or communication. These signal terminals can be used to transmit control signals for the device, access remote devices for monitoring or control. Their specific functions depend on the use and configuration of the device. Terminals 21 to 22 (Door Contact): These terminals are used to connect the switch of the access control system, which is the switch signal or door status monitoring signal of the access door. Terminals 23 to 24 (Pulse): These terminals are used to connect specific devices, and the related functions are related to the working state or warning signal of the device. The specific function needs to be determined according to the technical specifications of the device. Terminals 27 to 30 (RS485 II, RS485 I): These two groups of terminals are standard RS485 communication ports, RS485 is a serial communication protocol commonly used in industrial control and long-distance data transmission. It is commonly used in multi-point communication systems and can connect multiple devices. Terminals RS485 I and RS485 II are the positive and negative signal terminals for data transmission, respectively. Terminals 27 to 30 (positive, negative, common): These terminals are related to the power supply and provide the power supply required by the device. Commonly, the positive, negative and common ground lines are used.

[0141] The power input is the interface for the device to connect to the external power supply, usually using standard power connection terminals (such as terminal blocks, screw terminals, etc.). Its function is to provide the necessary working voltage (such as 24V DC, 5V DC or AC) for the device. The power input is usually connected to power modules, switching power supplies, voltage stabilizers and other devices to ensure stable operation of the device. The power input is connected to the external power system through wiring terminals or sockets. When wiring, you need to ensure that the polarity and voltage of the power supply match the working requirements of the device. For example, the power input of a 24V DC device needs to be connected to a 24V DC power supply with correct polarity. The power input generally includes two wiring terminals, one for the positive (+) and one for the negative (-).

[0142] Suppose you are providing power for an industrial control system, connect the positive terminal of the 24V DC power supply to the positive terminal of the power input, and the negative terminal to the negative terminal. After the power input is connected, the power module supplies power to the system to ensure that all internal components (such as sensors, controllers, etc.) of the system can work normally.

[0143] The signal input end is used to receive control signals or alarm signals sent by external devices such as sensors, alarms, remote control devices, etc. The signal input end can be a digital signal input (such as a switching signal), an analog signal input (such as an analog signal output by a sensor), or a dedicated communication signal input (such as RS232, RS485, etc. Communication protocol). The signal input end is usually connected to the external signal source using a terminal block or a dedicated socket. For switching signals, a contact switch is usually used for connection; for analog signals, the corresponding analog signal input terminal needs to be connected. When signal interaction is performed between multiple devices, communication buses can also be used for connection.

[0144] Suppose you are using a temperature sensor in a remote monitoring system. You connect the analog output signal of the temperature sensor (such as 0-10V) to the signal input end. When the temperature sensor detects a change in the ambient temperature during operation, it sends a corresponding voltage signal to the signal input end of the device. After the system receives the signal, it can perform alarm or control operations according to the set threshold.

[0145] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: the power input end can ensure that the device is stably connected to the external power supply, ensuring that the device can work normally within the specified voltage and current range. For high-demand applications (such as industrial devices, monitoring devices, etc.), stable power input is the basis for normal operation of the device. The signal input end supports multiple types of input signals (such as digital signals, analog signals, and communication signals), greatly improving the compatibility and flexibility of the device.

[0146] In another embodiment, the controller dynamically adjusts the priority and switching strategy of each communication channel to ensure the optimization of data transmission effect.

[0147] The working principle of the above technical solution is: the controller is usually composed of a microprocessor, a communication interface (such as RS485, Ethernet, CAN bus, etc.), a priority management unit, a channel switching module, and a memory. The controller is responsible for managing the state of multiple communication channels (such as busy, idle, error, etc.), and dynamically adjusting the priority of each channel according to the needs of the system.

[0148] Communication channel: Each communication channel can be an independent data stream channel, usually connected to external devices through a physical layer interface (such as a serial interface, an Ethernet interface, etc.). For example, in industrial communication, a concentrator may have multiple communication channels, each channel connecting a sensor, PLC, or remote device.

[0149] Priority management: The controller determines the priority of different channels through the priority management module. For example, some high real-time tasks (such as alarm information) will have higher priority, while low real-time tasks (such as data acquisition) can be assigned lower priority.

[0150] Dynamic switching strategy: When multiple channels in the system need to transmit data at the same time, the controller will dynamically select the channel with higher priority according to the preset switching strategy to ensure the transmission of important information is not disturbed. At the same time, the controller will also monitor the state of the channel in real time, such as when the channel is busy or an error occurs, automatically switch to other idle channels to ensure the continuity of communication.

[0151] Suppose we design a multi-channel communication concentrator module for an industrial automation system, which has 3 independent communication channels (Channel A, Channel B, Channel C) connecting different devices (such as PLC, sensors, alarm system). We will optimize the data transmission effect by dynamically adjusting the priority and switching strategy of the channels through the controller.

[0152] Step 1: Initialize channel priority

[0153] At system startup, the controller initializes the priority of each channel. For example:

[0154] Channel A (connected to the alarm system) is set to the highest priority because alarm information needs to be transmitted immediately.

[0155] Channel B (connected to the sensor) is set to medium priority, transmitting temperature and humidity data.

[0156] Channel C (connected to the PLC) is set to the lowest priority, performing periodic device status checks.

[0157] Step 2: Channel state monitoring and dynamic adjustment

[0158] The controller continuously monitors the usage state of each channel. Suppose at a certain time:

[0159] Channel A is transmitting alarm information (high priority), no switching.

[0160] Channel B is idle and can transmit data.

[0161] Channel C has a fault (such as communication interruption), which needs to be switched.

[0162] When the controller detects a fault in Channel C, it will automatically adjust the switching strategy:

[0163] Transfer the task of Channel C to Channel B (higher priority idle channel).

[0164] Channel B continues to transmit sensor data and prioritizes PLC tasks.

[0165] Step 3: Switching strategy optimization

[0166] The controller can also optimize channel usage according to a load adjustment strategy. For example, when all channels are busy, the controller can automatically schedule according to the priority of each channel to ensure that high-priority channels (such as alarm systems) are not delayed, while low-priority channels (such as PLC data exchange) can be appropriately delayed.

[0167] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are: by dynamically adjusting the priority and switching strategy of the channel, the controller can prioritize important tasks according to the real-time requirements of different tasks, ensuring the efficiency of data transmission. When multiple tasks are performed simultaneously, the delay can be minimized to avoid low-priority tasks occupying too much bandwidth and ensure real-time transmission of high-priority tasks. The dynamic switching strategy ensures that the system can still operate normally even if a communication channel fails. By monitoring the channel status, the controller can automatically switch to a backup channel or adjust the task load to avoid the system from completely stopping due to a single channel failure. For example, when channel C fails, the controller automatically migrates its tasks to channel B to ensure that the tasks continue. In a multi-channel communication system, communication interference is a common problem. By prioritizing and dynamically switching, the controller can effectively reduce conflicts between high-priority tasks and low-priority tasks. For example, alarm information and important control signals will be prioritized to avoid affecting the real-time performance of high-priority tasks due to congestion of low-priority tasks. With standardized dynamic adjustment strategies, system design and management become simpler. Engineers do not need to manually adjust the priority and configuration of each channel. They only need to set the initial priority and strategy according to the characteristics of the task, and the system can automatically handle switching and adjustment. This not only reduces the likelihood of human error, but also makes system management more efficient.

[0168] In another embodiment, a concentrator includes a multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module, a housing, a display panel, a keyboard, and a data transmission interface, wherein:

[0169] The housing adopts a wall-mounted design;

[0170] The display panel is a 160*160 dot matrix monochrome LCD with diode backlight;

[0171] The keyboard includes six keys, namely, up, down, left, right, cancel, and confirm;

[0172] The data transmission interface supports multiple data transmission methods, including GPRS, CDMA, and PSTN, among which GPRS is standard, and CDMA and PSTN are optional.

[0173] The working principle of the above technical solution is: the housing adopts a wall-mounted design, which facilitates the fixation of the concentrator on the wall or other vertical planes, saves space, and improves the stability and reliability of the equipment. The entire device has a simple and compact appearance, making it suitable for installation and use in various environments.

[0174] The display panel is a 160*160 dot matrix monochrome LCD screen with diode backlight. The backlight design makes the screen content still clear in low light environment. The display content includes the status information of the device, data transmission status, error prompt, etc. Users can monitor the working status of the device in real time through the display panel.

[0175] The keyboard contains six keys: up, down, left, right, cancel and confirm. Through these keys, users can easily navigate, select operation menu, and confirm or cancel certain operations. The keyboard design is intuitive, and users can complete the settings and configurations through simple key operations.

[0176] The concentrator supports multiple data transmission methods: GPRS: the default transmission method, widely used in data transmission, suitable for remote monitoring and data communication. GPRS module is commonly used for wireless data transmission, ensuring stable operation of the device in a wide geographical area. CDMA and PSTN: These two transmission methods are optional, selected according to the actual needs of users and local network environment. CDMA provides relatively high transmission speed, while PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) is suitable for data transmission over traditional telephone lines.

[0177] During operation, users can select the transmission method to use through the configuration interface, and the system automatically connects and transmits data according to the current network environment.

[0178] Operation steps: Set the device connection method

[0179] The user presses the "confirm" key to enter the device's settings menu.

[0180] Use the "up" and "down" keys to select the "data transmission settings" item, and press the "confirm" key.

[0181] In the data transmission settings interface, use the "left" and "right" keys to select the transmission method (GPRS, CDMA or PSTN).

[0182] After selecting the transmission method, press the "confirm" key to confirm, and the device will automatically establish a connection according to the selected method.

[0183] The connection status is displayed on the device display panel. If the connection is successful, the screen will display "connection successful", if the connection fails, the screen will display an error prompt, and the user can press the "cancel" key to exit the settings interface.

[0184] The communication module built in the concentrator processes signal transmission according to different communication modes (such as GPRS, CDMA, etc.). Through the interface between the main control chip of the concentrator and the external communication module, data can be accurately transmitted from the device to the remote monitoring system or other target devices.

[0185] The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that: it supports multiple data transmission modes such as GPRS, CDMA, and PSTN, and can be flexibly selected according to user needs and local network conditions. GPRS is configured as a standard, which can meet most remote monitoring and data transmission needs. CDMA and PSTN are provided as optional items, which provide more choices and stable connections in different environments. The operation mode with 6 keys is simple and intuitive, and users can easily master it without complex operation training. The display panel provides clear real-time status feedback to help users discover and solve device problems in time. The wall-mounted design allows the device to be easily fixed on the wall, saving space and adapting to various application environments. The flexible installation method can achieve efficient deployment in limited space and is suitable for various application scenarios. Through different transmission interfaces, the concentrator can realize remote monitoring, control, and data transmission, greatly improving the automation management capability of the device. It can play an important role in industrial equipment monitoring, smart home control, and remote data acquisition.

[0186] In another embodiment, the shell is provided with a plurality of mounting holes suitable for wall-mounted installation.

[0187] The working principle of the technical scheme is that the device shell is designed with multiple mounting holes to provide a convenient wall-mounted installation method. During installation, appropriate mounting holes can be selected according to actual needs to securely fix the device on the wall or other surfaces. This design allows the device to save space and adapt to different installation environments.

[0188] The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that wall-mounted installation makes the device less susceptible to ground dust or water stains, prolonging the service life of the device. At the same time, multiple mounting hole designs facilitate the disassembly, inspection, and maintenance of the device.

[0189] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module, characterized by, Comprise: Data transmission module, power module, RS232 interface, RS485 interface, USB interface, infrared interface and auxiliary terminal; The data transmission module is composed of multiple communication channels, the power module is responsible for providing stable power supply, and the auxiliary terminal is used for accessing power supply and other auxiliary signals.

2. A multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module according to claim 1, wherein, Also include: Controller; The controller is used to manage the switching of different communication channels, and the RS232 interface, RS485 interface, USB interface and infrared interface are respectively connected with the input end of the controller; The data transmission module includes multiple independent communication modules for RS232, RS485, USB and infrared communication, and the communication modules are connected with the controller to realize dynamic switching and management of the channels.

3. The multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module of claim 1, wherein, The power module includes a power stabilizing circuit which provides the required stable voltage for the controller and each data transmission module, and the output end of the power module is connected with the input end of the controller and the data transmission module.

4. The multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module of claim 2, wherein, The controller intelligently switches the communication channels according to the received communication demand signal to ensure the stability and efficiency of data transmission.

5. The multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module of claim 2, wherein, The controller includes a processor and an interface module, the processor is used to control the working state of each interface module, and the interface module is used to manage the switching of each communication channel.

6. The multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module of claim 1, wherein, The RS232 interface is a one-way data transmission port, which is used for remote maintenance with external devices, the RS485 interface supports multipoint data transmission and is suitable for remote meter reading and device monitoring, the USB interface is used for data interaction with external devices, and the infrared interface uses modulated infrared communication for wireless data transmission.

7. The multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module of claim 1, wherein, The auxiliary terminal includes a power input end and a signal input end, the power input end is used for accessing external power supply, and the signal input end is used for receiving control signals or alarm signals from external devices.

8. The multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module of claim 1, wherein, The controller dynamically adjusts the priority and switching strategy of each communication channel to ensure the optimization of data transmission effect.

9. A concentrator, characterized by Comprise: The multi-channel flexible switching concentrator communication module, shell, display panel, keyboard and data transmission interface of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: The shell adopts a wall-mounted design; The display panel is a 160*160 dot matrix monochrome LCD with diode backlight; The keyboard includes 6 keys, which are up, down, left, right, cancel and confirm respectively; The data transmission interface supports multiple data transmission modes, including GPRS, CDMA and PSTN, of which GPRS is standard, and CDMA and PSTN are optional.

10. A concentrator as claimed in claim 9, wherein, The shell is provided with multiple mounting holes suitable for wall-mounted installation.

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