Falling film type multi-effect evaporator

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of evaporation and concentration equipment, and particularly relates to a falling film type multi-effect evaporator which comprises multiple stages of evaporator units connected in series, and each stage of evaporator unit comprises a feeding chamber, a heating chamber, a separator and a communicating pipe. The liquid distributor is mounted at the bottom end of the feeding chamber, and the rotational flow inlet is formed in the outer side of the rotational flow cylinder in a surrounding manner, so that feed liquid can be guided to continuously rotate in the rotational flow cylinder, feed liquid distribution is optimized, uniformity of feed liquid inlet quantity of each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle is improved, and the feed liquid can form a film more effectively after entering each heat exchange tube; the evaporation efficiency and effect are optimal, local overheating is avoided, and the stability, high efficiency and reliability of the operation process are guaranteed; and through the flow of down-flow feeding at the top, the flowing of the feed liquid can be completed by utilizing the pressure difference among all the effects, meanwhile, the uniform distribution of the feed liquid is completed by utilizing gravity, and forced circulation equipment does not need to be additionally arranged, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of evaporation and concentration equipment, specifically relating to a falling film multi-effect evaporator. Background Technology

[0002] Evaporation is a unit operation that concentrates a solution. It uses heating to bring a solution containing a non-volatile solute to a boil, causing some of the solvent to vaporize and be removed, thus concentrating the solution. Evaporation is a common unit operation in chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries, primarily used in the following situations: ① Concentrating a solution and then cooling it to crystallize it to obtain a solid product, such as caustic soda, antibiotics, and sugar; ② Concentrating a solution to obtain a pure solvent product, such as in seawater desalination; ③ Obtaining a concentrated solution product.

[0003] Evaporation processes can be categorized by operation method into batch and continuous processes, with most being continuous steady-state processes. Based on the utilization of secondary steam, they can be classified as single-effect evaporation and multi-effect evaporation. If the generated secondary steam is not utilized and is directly condensed and discharged through a condenser, this operation is called single-effect evaporation. If the secondary steam is introduced to another evaporator with a lower operating pressure as heating steam, and several evaporators are connected in series, this operation is called multi-effect evaporation. In multi-effect evaporation, the latent heat of the secondary steam is more fully utilized, improving the utilization rate of the heating steam.

[0004] Multi-effect evaporation utilizes the secondary steam from the previous effect as the heating steam for the next effect, consuming a certain amount of live steam. The amount of water evaporated is far greater than in single-effect evaporation, thus improving the economic efficiency of live steam. Because multi-effect evaporation improves the economic efficiency of live steam, the amount of live steam required to complete a certain evaporation task is greatly reduced, significantly lowering operating costs. Therefore, multi-effect evaporation is widely used when evaporating large amounts of water.

[0005] Multi-effect evaporators, as highly efficient evaporation devices, are designed to integrate multiple independent evaporator units into a complete evaporation system. By utilizing the thermal energy of steam in stages and multiple times, they significantly reduce steam consumption, thereby achieving energy savings. Specifically, heating steam is introduced into the first-effect evaporator (called the first effect). The solution boils in the first effect, producing secondary steam with lower pressure and temperature than the original heating steam (i.e., live steam), but still containing a large amount of latent heat. This secondary steam is then introduced into the second-effect evaporator as heating steam (at which point the operating pressure and boiling point of the solution in the second-effect evaporator are lower than those in the first effect). Similarly, the secondary steam produced in the second effect can be used as heating steam for the third-effect evaporator, and so on, forming an evaporation system with multiple evaporator units operating in series.

[0006] In a multi-effect evaporator, each effect requires heating and evaporating the liquid. However, currently, in each evaporator unit, there is a problem that the liquid cannot be evenly distributed into each heat exchange tube. This causes the evaporation efficiency and evaporation effect of the multi-effect evaporator to fall short of the optimal state, and may even cause local overheating, thus posing a potential threat to the stable operation of the evaporator. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a falling film multi-effect evaporator that solves the technical problem in the prior art that the concentrated liquid cannot enter the heat exchange tube evenly and form an effective film.

[0008] This utility model discloses a falling film multi-effect evaporator, which includes multiple evaporator units connected in series. Each evaporator unit includes: a feed chamber, a heating chamber, a separator, and a connecting pipe.

[0009] The feeding chamber includes:

[0010] The first shell is arranged vertically and has a liquid inlet at the top;

[0011] Liquid distributor, including

[0012] The cyclone separator is arranged vertically, with its upper end inserted into the first housing.

[0013] A cover plate, located inside the first housing, is placed over the top of the vortex tube.

[0014] The swirl inlet consists of multiple arc-shaped tubes located inside the first housing and arranged around the outside of the swirl tube, and connected to the swirl tube.

[0015] The heating chamber includes:

[0016] The second casing has a steam inlet on the top outer periphery and a steam condensate outlet on the bottom outer periphery;

[0017] The upper tube sheet is located at the top of the second housing and is connected to the bottom end of the cyclone tube.

[0018] The lower tube sheet is located at the bottom of the second housing.

[0019] The bottom end cap is installed on the bottom surface of the lower tube sheet and has a vapor-liquid outlet at the bottom;

[0020] Multiple baffles are arranged horizontally and alternately vertically on both sides of the inner wall of the second housing;

[0021] The heat exchange tube bundle is vertically arranged between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, passes through the baffle, and extends into the vortex tube at the top and into the bottom end at the bottom head.

[0022] The separator is arranged vertically, with a secondary steam outlet at the top, a concentrated liquid outlet at the bottom, and a vapor-liquid inlet on the side.

[0023] The connecting pipe has one end connected to the vapor-liquid outlet and the other end connected to the vapor-liquid inlet.

[0024] This application optimizes liquid distribution by installing a liquid distributor at the bottom of the feed chamber and surrounding the cyclone inlet on the outside of the cyclone tube, thereby guiding the liquid to rotate continuously within the cyclone tube. This improves the uniformity of liquid inflow to each heat exchange tube within the heat exchange tube bundle and facilitates more effective film formation after the liquid enters each heat exchange tube, achieving optimal evaporation efficiency and avoiding localized overheating. This ensures stable, efficient, and reliable operation. Furthermore, the top-flow feeding process utilizes the pressure difference between effects to achieve liquid flow and gravity to achieve uniform liquid distribution, eliminating the need for forced circulation equipment, thus reducing energy consumption and lowering operating costs.

[0025] Based on the above technical solution, the solution of this application can be further improved as follows:

[0026] Preferably, it further includes:

[0027] A filter screen is installed inside the separator and located between the vapor-liquid inlet and the concentrate outlet. This solution can filter and intercept solid particles in the concentrate, thereby preventing them from causing wear and tear on the equipment and pipelines during transportation and extending the service life of the device.

[0028] Preferably, the feeding chamber includes:

[0029] An anti-swirl plate is vertically installed on the outside of the swirling cylinder and connected to the inner wall of the first housing. This design effectively reduces the eddies generated around the swirling cylinder, improves the stability of the liquid flow, and enhances the performance of the liquid distributor.

[0030] Preferably, a manhole is provided on the upper half of the first housing, and a first sight glass is provided on the lower half of the first housing; this solution facilitates equipment maintenance, repair or cleaning, and observation of the feeding status.

[0031] Preferably, the feeding chamber includes:

[0032] A reinforcing ring is disposed inside the first housing.

[0033] Multiple lifting lugs are arranged around the top outer periphery of the first housing; this design facilitates hoisting and transportation and improves safety.

[0034] Preferably, the heating chamber comprises:

[0035] Multiple support components are arranged around the second housing and the heat exchange tube bundle to constrain and support the baffle. This design makes the structure more stable, effectively reduces the deformation and deflection of the heat exchange tube bundle during use, enhances the stability of the baffle, and helps to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0036] Preferably, the support component includes:

[0037] A tie rod is vertically mounted on the top surface of the lower tube sheet and passes through the baffle plate located above it;

[0038] Multiple spaced tubes are sleeved on the tie rod and are alternately arranged with the baffle plate through which the tie rod passes, and abut against it in sequence;

[0039] A locking nut is threaded onto the top of the pull rod and abuts against the adjacent baffle plate. This solution provides stable support and accurate positioning for the baffle plate, ensuring long-term operational stability. It also features a simple structure that is easy to maintain, reducing operating costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0040] Preferably, the heating chamber comprises:

[0041] The ear seat is located on the outside of the second housing. This design provides effective support and fixing points, which can firmly fix the second housing to the equipment bracket or other structure, ensuring its stability during operation, thereby enhancing the structural stability and safety of the entire equipment.

[0042] Preferably, a thermometer connector is provided on the outside of the cyclone tube, and the thermometer connector is located below the first housing. With this solution, a thermometer can be installed to monitor the temperature of the liquid in the liquid distributor in real time, and interference with the flow of the liquid and other components is avoided. It can also be easily maintained or replaced when needed.

[0043] Preferably, a second sight glass is provided on the upper half of the separator; this solution provides a direct view of the separation process, which helps the operator monitor the separation effect, detect and handle abnormal situations in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the evaporation process.

[0044] Through the above technical solution, this utility model achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0045] 1. This application adopts a falling film evaporator, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of common evaporators, increases the liquid flow rate, improves the heat transfer coefficient, and can be used in applications with high viscosity, easy crystallization, or easy scaling. Furthermore, through the top-flow feeding process, the liquid flow can be completed by utilizing the pressure difference between each effect, while gravity is used to achieve uniform distribution of the liquid. There is no need to install forced circulation equipment, thereby reducing energy consumption and lowering operating costs.

[0046] 2. This application installs a liquid distributor at the bottom of the feed chamber and sets up a swirling inlet around the outside of the swirling cylinder, thereby guiding the liquid to rotate continuously in the swirling cylinder, thus optimizing the liquid distribution. This is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the liquid entering each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle, and also to the more effective film formation of the liquid after entering each heat exchange tube, so that the evaporation efficiency and effect reach the optimal state, and avoids local overheating, ensuring the stability, efficiency and reliability of the operation process.

[0047] 3. By installing a filter screen inside the separator, this application can filter and intercept solid particles in the concentrate, thereby preventing them from causing wear and tear on the equipment and pipelines during transportation and thus extending the service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0048] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the falling film multi-effect evaporator according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0051] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0052] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0053] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the separator in a falling film multi-effect evaporator.

[0054] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Top view of section AA along the middle edge;

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0056] 1. Feed chamber; 11. First shell; 111. Liquid inlet; 112. Manhole; 113. First sight glass; 12. Liquid distributor; 121. Swirl tube; 1211. Thermometer connector; 122. Cover plate; 123. Swirl inlet; 13. Anti-swirl plate; 14. Reinforcing ring; 15. Lifting lug;

[0057] 2. Heating chamber; 21. Second shell; 211. Steam inlet; 212. Steam condensate outlet; 22. Upper tube sheet; 23. Lower tube sheet; 24. Bottom end cap; 241. Vapor-liquid outlet; 25. Baffle plate; 26. Heat exchanger tube bundle; 27. Support assembly; 271. Tie rod; 272. Spacing tube; 273. Locking nut; 28. Lug;

[0058] 3. Separator; 31. Secondary steam outlet; 32. Concentrate outlet; 33. Vapor-liquid inlet; 34. Second sight glass;

[0059] 4. Connecting pipe;

[0060] 5. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] First, it should be noted that some directional terms used in the following description to clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, such as the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," are all derived from the normal orientation of components in a falling film multi-effect evaporator. They are only used to facilitate the description of this utility model and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0063] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features.

[0064] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed description of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0066] Example:

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a falling film multi-effect evaporator for evaporating chemical liquids, thereby achieving concentration and volume reduction of the liquid. Its specific structure includes: multi-stage evaporator units connected in series, each stage of the evaporator unit including: feed chamber 1, heating chamber 2, separator 3 and connecting pipe 4.

[0068] The feed chamber 1 includes a first housing 11 and a liquid distributor 12 for receiving the liquid to be concentrated.

[0069] The first shell 11 is arranged vertically and has a liquid inlet 111 at the top. It is preferably composed of a cylinder and elliptical end caps at both ends of the cylinder, and has the advantages of stable structure and strong pressure bearing capacity.

[0070] The liquid distributor 12 includes a swirl tube 121, a cover plate 122, and a swirl inlet 123, which are configured as follows:

[0071] The cyclone separator 121 is arranged vertically, with its upper end inserted into the first housing 11. It is used to promote the uniform distribution of the liquid to be concentrated and to prepare for the subsequent evaporation process. It is the main body of the liquid distributor 12, and its bottom equipment flange is connected to the upper tube plate 22 of the heating chamber 2.

[0072] The cover plate 122 is located inside the first housing 11 and covers the top of the cyclone 121, serving as an isolation to prevent the concentrated liquid from directly entering the cyclone 121.

[0073] The cyclone inlet 123 consists of multiple arc-shaped tubes located inside the first housing 11 and surrounding the outside of the cyclone cylinder 121, and connected to the cyclone cylinder 121. It is used to guide the concentrated liquid to enter the cyclone cylinder 121 tangentially.

[0074] Heating chamber 2 includes: a second shell 21, an upper tube sheet 22, a lower tube sheet 23, a bottom end cap 24, multiple baffles 25, and a heat exchange tube bundle 26, configured as follows:

[0075] The second housing 21 is used to provide a place for heat exchange. A steam inlet 211 is provided on the outer periphery of the top for introducing heating steam, and a steam condensate outlet 212 is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom for discharging the steam condensate that has cooled down after heat exchange.

[0076] The upper tube sheet 22 is located on the top of the second shell 21 and is connected to the bottom of the cyclone 121. It is used to fix the upper end of the heat exchange tube bundle 26 and isolate steam from the concentrated liquid. Specifically, it is connected to the equipment flange of the cyclone 121 by fasteners such as studs, nuts, and washers.

[0077] The lower tube sheet 23 is located at the bottom of the second housing 21. It is used to fix the lower end of the heat exchange tube bundle 26 and isolate steam and concentrate. It is connected to the equipment flange of the bottom end cap 24 by fasteners such as studs, nuts, and washers.

[0078] The bottom end cap 24 is installed on the bottom surface of the lower tube sheet 23, and the bottom is provided with a vapor-liquid outlet 241 for collecting and discharging the concentrated liquid and vapor mixture formed after evaporation.

[0079] Multiple baffles 25 are used to restrict the steam flow direction in the shell side and form a steam flow channel that is conducive to heat transfer. They are perpendicular to the heat exchange tube bundle 26, arranged horizontally, and vertically alternately arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the second shell 21.

[0080] The heat exchange tube bundle 26 is vertically arranged between the upper tube sheet 22 and the lower tube sheet 23, and passes through multiple baffles 25. Its top end extends into the vortex tube 121 to receive the concentrated liquid, and its bottom end extends into the bottom end cap 24 to discharge the mixture of concentrated liquid and steam.

[0081] It should be noted that the heat exchange tube bundle 26 includes multiple heat exchange tubes, but only one heat exchange tube is shown in the accompanying drawings to clearly illustrate the structure of the device, but it is not limited to this and has more.

[0082] The separator 3 is arranged vertically, with a secondary steam outlet 31 at the top for discharging the steam generated by evaporation, a concentrated liquid outlet 32 ​​at the bottom for discharging the concentrated liquid, and a vapor-liquid inlet 33 on the side for receiving the mixture of concentrated liquid and steam.

[0083] One end of the connecting pipe 4 is connected to the vapor-liquid outlet 241, and the other end is connected to the vapor-liquid inlet 33. It is used to transport the mixture of concentrated liquid and steam from the bottom head 24 to the separator 3 for separation.

[0084] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows:

[0085] The to-be-concentrated feed liquid first enters the first housing 11 through the feed liquid inlet 111, then overflows into the swirl inlet 123 respectively, and then enters the swirl cylinder 121 along the tangent under the guidance of multiple arc-shaped tubes, and continuously rotates in the swirl cylinder 121, so as to enter each heat exchange tube of the heat exchange tube bundle 26 evenly distributed.

[0086] Steam enters the second housing 21 through the steam inlet 211, thus performing heat exchange with the to-be-concentrated feed liquid in the heat exchange tube bundle 26. After that, under the guidance of multiple baffle plates 25, it flows downward in an "S" shape towards the lower part of the second housing 21, and finally enters the steam condensate collection device through the steam condensate outlet 212 for further utilization.

[0087] During the heat exchange process, the to-be-concentrated feed liquid in the heat exchange tube bundle 26 is heated and gradually evaporated, thus generating steam and concentrated liquid. Then it flows into the bottom head 24 and converges at its bottom, and finally enters the connecting pipe 4 through the vapor-liquid outlet 241.

[0088] The connecting pipe 4 inputs the concentrated liquid and steam mixture into the separator 3 through the vapor-liquid inlet 33 for further treatment; in the separator 3, the concentrated liquid and steam mixture are separated, thus forming secondary steam and concentrated liquid; among them, the secondary steam floats upward and then enters the next-stage evaporator unit through the secondary steam outlet 31 for further utilization, while the concentrated liquid drops and then enters the feed liquid inlet 111 of the next-stage evaporator unit through the concentrated liquid outlet 32.

[0089] It should be noted that since the pressure and temperature of the steam in the last-stage evaporator unit are lower than those of the original heating steam, i.e., the live steam, a steam condensation and vacuum pumping device is connected to the output pipeline of the secondary steam outlet 31 of the last-stage evaporator unit, so as to assist the secondary steam to flow smoothly between each effect according to the requirements of the evaporation process.

[0090] The utility model installs a liquid distributor 12 at the bottom end of the feed chamber 1 and circumferentially arranges a swirl inlet 123 outside the swirl cylinder 121, so as to guide the feed liquid to continuously rotate in the swirl cylinder 121, thereby optimizing the feed liquid distribution, being beneficial to improving the uniformity of the feed liquid entering amount of each heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube bundle 26, and also being beneficial to the feed liquid forming a film more effectively after entering each heat exchange tube, making the evaporation efficiency and effect reach the optimal state, and avoiding causing local overheating, ensuring the stability, high efficiency and reliability of the operation process; and through the process of feeding in a downstream manner at the top, the pressure difference between each effect can be utilized to complete the flow of the feed liquid, and at the same time, the gravity is utilized to complete the uniform distribution of the feed liquid, without the need to install a forced circulation device, thereby reducing the energy consumption and lowering the operation cost.

[0091] Preferably, the baffle 25 is in the shape of a segmental circle, and the second shell 21 is cylindrical, and the two are kept in close contact with each other. This can guide the steam to form a more orderly flow pattern in the second shell 21, thereby increasing the degree of turbulence to reduce thermal resistance and improve the heat transfer coefficient. At the same time, it increases the length and complexity of the steam flow channel, ensuring that the steam can be more evenly distributed in the second shell 21. These benefits together improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0092] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, it also includes: a filter screen 5, which is located inside the separator 3 and between the vapor-liquid inlet 33 and the concentrate outlet 32.

[0093] The concentrate contains salt crystals, which, after being intercepted by filter screen 5, remain on filter screen 5 and will not enter the next stage evaporator unit through concentrate outlet 32.

[0094] It should be noted that during the cleaning process, adding clean water to the feed inlet 111 can dissolve the salt crystals, thereby achieving the cleaning effect.

[0095] The above settings can filter and intercept solid particles in the concentrate, thereby preventing them from causing wear and tear on equipment and pipelines during transportation and extending the service life of the device.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the feed chamber 1 includes an anti-swirl plate 13, which is vertically arranged on the outside of the swirling cylinder 121 and connected to the inner wall of the first housing 11.

[0097] The above settings effectively reduce the eddies generated around the cyclone cylinder 121, ensuring that the liquid can be smoothly guided by the cyclone inlet 123 to the cyclone cylinder 121 for pretreatment, thereby improving the stability of the liquid flow and enhancing the performance of the liquid distributor 12.

[0098] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a manhole 112 is provided on the upper half of the first housing 11, and a first viewing mirror 113 is provided on the lower half of the first housing 11.

[0099] The manhole 112 provides an access point for operators to enter the first housing 11, facilitating equipment maintenance, repair, or cleaning. It allows for easy inspection of wear or blockage of components such as the cyclone drum 121 and cyclone inlet 123, and enables necessary cleaning or replacement.

[0100] Preferably, a viewing mirror is also provided on the manhole 112 to facilitate the operator's observation of the internal components.

[0101] By setting up the first viewing mirror 113, operators can easily observe the state of the liquid. They can directly see the color, turbidity, and presence of suspended matter in the liquid, thereby judging the effect of the liquid pretreatment and whether the operating parameters need to be adjusted.

[0102] The above settings improve the ease of operation, maintenance, and monitoring, enhance the reliability and stability of the system, and ensure the safety and health of operators.

[0103] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the feed chamber 1 includes:

[0104] The reinforcing ring 14 is located inside the first housing 11 to enhance the structural strength and stability, prevent the first housing 11 from deforming or breaking, thereby improving the overall safety of the system.

[0105] Multiple lifting lugs 15 are arranged around the top outer periphery of the first housing 11, which facilitates lifting and transportation, simplifies the installation process, and improves safety.

[0106] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the heating chamber 2 includes: a plurality of support components 27, which are arranged around the second housing 21 and the heat exchange tube bundle 26 to ensure that the baffles 25 can be evenly distributed, thereby optimizing the flow path of the heating medium and improving the heat exchange efficiency, and are used to constrain and support the baffles 25.

[0107] By setting up the support component 27, the structure will be more stable, effectively reducing the deformation and deflection of the heat exchange tube bundle 26 during use, and also enhancing the stability of the baffle 25. Furthermore, the fluid flow channels formed between the constrained baffles 25 help to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0108] Based on the above embodiments, the support assembly 27 includes: a pull rod 271, multiple spacer tubes 272, and a locking nut 273, which are configured as follows:

[0109] The tie rod 271 is vertically installed on the top surface of the lower tube sheet 23 and passes through the baffle 25 located above it, playing a key role in radially limiting the baffle 25;

[0110] Multiple spacer tubes 272 are sleeved on the tie rod 271 and are alternately arranged with the baffle plate 25 through which the tie rod 271 passes and abut against it in sequence, so as to provide vertical support for the baffle plate 25 and thereby improve the stability of the support.

[0111] The locking nut 273 is threaded onto the top of the pull rod 271 and abuts against the adjacent baffle 25. It is used to fix the position of the baffle 25 and the spacer tube 272 and prevent them from moving up and down during operation.

[0112] The design of the support component 27 described above provides stable support and accurate positioning for the baffle plate 25, ensuring long-term operational stability. The structure is simple and easy to maintain, reducing operating costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0113] In some embodiments, the heating chamber 2 includes an ear seat 28 disposed outside the second housing 21 to provide effective support and fixing points, which can securely fix the second housing 21 to the bracket or other structure of the equipment to ensure its stability during operation, thereby enhancing the structural stability and safety of the entire equipment.

[0114] In some embodiments, a thermometer connector 1211 is provided on the outside of the cyclone 121 for installing a thermometer to monitor the temperature of the liquid in the liquid distributor 12 in real time. The thermometer connector 1211 is located below the first housing 11, which can avoid interference with other components and ensure the compactness and operability of the equipment.

[0115] By setting the thermometer connector 1211, a thermometer can be installed to monitor the temperature of the liquid in the liquid distributor 12 in real time, thereby avoiding interference with the flow of the liquid and interference with other components, and allowing for convenient maintenance or replacement when needed.

[0116] In some embodiments, a second viewing mirror 34 is provided on the upper half of the separator 3, which provides a transparent window so that the operator can intuitively see the actual situation inside the separator 3. This allows for real-time monitoring of the condition of the concentrate inside the separator 3 and its separation from the secondary steam, including the color and turbidity of the concentrate, thereby enabling timely detection of potential faults or abnormalities.

[0117] The above settings provide a direct view of the separation process, helping operators monitor the separation effect, promptly detect and handle abnormal situations, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the evaporation process.

[0118] Numerous specific details are set forth in this specification. However, it will be understood that embodiments of this invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0119] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0120] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this utility model.

Claims

1. A falling film multi-effect evaporator comprising a plurality of evaporator units connected in series, characterized in that, Each stage of the evaporator unit comprises a feed chamber, a heating chamber, a separator and a communication pipe; The feed chamber comprises: a first shell vertically arranged and provided with a feed liquid inlet at the top end; a liquid distributor comprising a cyclone cylinder vertically arranged and inserted into the first shell at the top end, a cover plate located in the first shell and covering the top end of the cyclone cylinder, a cyclone inlet comprising a plurality of arc-shaped pipes located in the first shell and arranged around the outside of the cyclone cylinder and in communication with the cyclone cylinder; The heating chamber comprises: a second shell provided with a steam inlet at the top periphery and a steam condensate outlet at the bottom periphery; an upper tube plate arranged at the top of the second shell and connected with the bottom end of the cyclone cylinder; a lower tube plate arranged at the bottom of the second shell; a bottom head mounted on the bottom surface of the lower tube plate and provided with a vapor-liquid outlet at the bottom; a plurality of baffle plates horizontally arranged and vertically and alternately arranged on both sides of the inner wall of the second shell; a heat exchange tube bundle vertically arranged between the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, penetrating through the baffle plates, with the top end extending into the cyclone cylinder and the bottom end extending into the bottom head; The separator is vertically arranged and provided with a secondary steam outlet at the top end, a concentrated liquid outlet at the bottom end, and a vapor-liquid inlet at the side surface; The communication pipe is in communication with the vapor-liquid outlet at one end and the vapor-liquid inlet at the other end.

2. The falling film multiple effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: a filter screen arranged in the separator and located between the vapor-liquid inlet and the concentrated liquid outlet.

3. The falling film multiple effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, The feed chamber comprises: an anti-rotation plate vertically arranged outside the cyclone cylinder and connected with the inner wall of the first shell.

4. The falling film multiple effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, A manhole is arranged on the upper half of the first shell, and a first sight glass is arranged on the lower half of the first shell.

5. The falling film multiple effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, The feed chamber comprises: a reinforcing ring arranged on the inner side of the first shell; a plurality of lifting lugs arranged around the top periphery of the first shell.

6. The falling film multiple effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, The heating chamber comprises: a plurality of support assemblies arranged around the second shell and the heat exchange tube bundle for restraining and supporting the baffle plates.

7. The falling film multiple effect evaporator of claim 6, wherein, The support assembly comprises: a pull rod vertically mounted on the top surface of the lower tube plate and penetrating through the baffle plate located above it; a plurality of distance tubes sleeved on the pull rod and alternately arranged with the baffle plate penetrated by the pull rod and sequentially abutting; a locking nut threadedly connected to the top end of the pull rod and abutting against the adjacent baffle plate.

8. The falling film multiple effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, The heating chamber comprises: an ear seat arranged on the outer side of the second shell.

9. The falling film multiple effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, A thermometer joint is arranged on the outside of the cyclone cylinder, and the thermometer joint is located below the first shell.

10. The falling film multiple effect evaporator of claim 1, wherein, A second sight glass is arranged on the upper half of the separator.

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