Equipment for improving purity of molten aluminum by using regenerated aluminum alloy
By setting up a flow divider and guide surface structure in the holding furnace, the problem of inclusion accumulation in recycled aluminum alloys was solved, improving the purity of the molten aluminum and the performance of the castings, and reducing production costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520071807.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-13
AI Technical Summary
High inclusion content in recycled aluminum alloys leads to a decline in casting performance, especially after prolonged use in holding furnaces, where inclusions accumulate and enter the castings, affecting production efficiency and costs.
Design an equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum by recycling aluminum alloy, including a holding furnace body and a suction pipe. The lower end of the suction pipe is inserted into the molten aluminum. A flow divider is set at the bottom of the holding furnace. The flow divider has a guide surface that is inclined towards the edge to prevent inclusions from rising and to guide inclusions to the edge during drainage, thereby reducing the amount of liquid sucked in.
By using a fluid distribution and guide surface structure, the amount of inclusions sucked in by the suction pipe is reduced, improving casting performance, reducing slag inclusion scrap rate, and lowering production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223766396U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of aluminum liquid purification technology, and more specifically, it relates to equipment for improving the purity of aluminum liquid by using recycled aluminum alloys. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, most low-pressure cast aluminum wheels are produced using A356 aluminum alloy. It has been verified that directly using scrap wheels or other A356 aluminum alloy castings as recycled aluminum alloy raw materials for wheel production can meet customer performance standards. However, as customers' application of recycled aluminum and the range of products they produce continue to increase, the primary recycling of A356 aluminum alloy alone is gradually becoming insufficient to meet demand. To expand the application scope of recycled aluminum, it is planned to use other grades of recycled aluminum scrap on the market for verification. However, due to the wide availability of recycled aluminum, it often contains a large amount of oxide inclusions, affecting the basic properties of the material and thus restricting the expanded application of recycled aluminum.
[0003] Currently, improvements in the purity of molten aluminum are mostly targeted at smelting furnaces and subcontracting. However, as a device for storing molten aluminum directly needed for casting, the long casting process allows fine inclusions in the molten aluminum to accumulate and precipitate. Oxide inclusions on the surface of the molten aluminum in the holding furnace cannot be completely removed during the slag cleaning process when the furnace door is opened, leading to precipitation later. During the continuous rise and fall of the molten aluminum, a large amount of oxide inclusions and other inclusions on the furnace wall will also enter the holding furnace under the scouring action of the molten aluminum. During the addition of molten aluminum, the newly added molten aluminum will damage the protective oxide layer on the surface of the original molten aluminum, causing it to deposit and become oxide inclusions. Inclusions in the holding furnace are distributed across various layers according to their size and density. However, if the holding furnace is not cleaned for a long time, a large number of large inclusions will accumulate at the bottom. To ensure production efficiency, the suction pipe is usually placed in the lower part of the holding furnace. During the casting process, it is very easy for a large number of large inclusions to be directly sucked into the mold cavity. This not only affects the fluidity but also significantly reduces the performance of the castings. It also increases the scrap rate of slag inclusions on the finished surfaces, and the return of wheels to the furnace greatly increases production costs. In particular, the inclusion content in recycled aluminum alloys is already higher than that in ordinary aluminum liquid, making the above phenomena even more pronounced. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum by recycling aluminum alloys. When molten aluminum is drawn in through the suction pipe, the amount of inclusions drawn in can be reduced, thereby improving the performance of the castings.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: providing equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum by using recycled aluminum alloy, including a heat preservation furnace body and a liquid suction pipe. The heat preservation furnace body has a heat preservation chamber for storing molten aluminum inside. The liquid suction pipe is located at the top of the heat preservation chamber and penetrates from top to bottom below the surface of the molten aluminum. A flow divider is provided at the bottom of the heat preservation chamber. The flow divider is located directly below the liquid suction pipe. The flow divider has a circumferential guiding surface, which is inclined from top to bottom towards the edge of the heat preservation chamber.
[0006] The guide surface is used to prevent inclusions in the molten aluminum from rising upwards when the liquid suction pipe is pressurized and suctioned.
[0007] The guide surface is used to guide the inclusions in the molten aluminum to the edge of the insulation chamber when the liquid suction pipe is depressurized and discharged.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the fluid distributor is a cone, and the guide surface is formed in the circumferential direction of the cone.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the longitudinal section of the fluid divider forms a triangular cross-section, and the included angle at the bottom of the triangular cross-section is 30° to 60°.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the distance between the bottom surface of the insulation chamber and the top surface of the fluid distributor is a, and the distance between the bottom surface of the insulation chamber and the lower port of the suction tube is b, where a ≥ 2 / 3 × b.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the outer diameter of the bottom of the fluid separator is c, and the inner diameter of the lower port of the suction tube is d, where c ≤ 1 / 2 × d.
[0012] In one possible implementation, the top of the flow divider 300 has a horizontally arranged flow divider plane with a diameter of e, where e ≤ 1 / 2 × c.
[0013] In one possible implementation, the bottom surface of the insulation chamber is provided with a positioning groove, and the bottom of the fluid distributor is provided with a positioning part, which is inserted longitudinally into the positioning groove to limit the circumferential displacement of the fluid distributor.
[0014] In one possible implementation, the insulation chamber is provided with multiple floating bodies that float on the surface of the molten aluminum. The multiple floating bodies together cover the surface of the molten aluminum to reduce the contact area between the molten aluminum and the air.
[0015] In one possible implementation, the floating body is a hollow buoy, and the circumferential direction of the hollow buoy forms a guide surface.
[0016] In one possible implementation, the hollow sphere is made of Al2O3 or SiC.
[0017] The beneficial effects of the equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum by recycling aluminum alloy provided by this utility model are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the main body of the holding furnace is provided with a holding chamber, and the liquid suction pipe is set at the top of the holding chamber, with the lower end of the liquid suction pipe inserted below the liquid surface. A flow divider is set at the bottom of the holding chamber, located directly below the liquid suction pipe. The flow divider has a circumferential guide surface, which slopes from top to bottom towards the edge of the holding chamber. When the liquid suction pipe is pressurized and sucks up the liquid, the molten aluminum in the holding chamber flows along the guide surface and enters the liquid suction pipe under the suction force of the liquid suction pipe. Meanwhile, the inclusions at the bottom of the holding chamber, as they rise along the guide surface, will fall back to the bottom of the holding chamber due to their own weight, thereby reducing the inclusions sucked into the molten aluminum by the liquid suction pipe. When the molten aluminum is depressurized and discharged through the suction pipe, it will contain some inclusions. When the molten aluminum containing inclusions impacts the distributor, it will be guided by the guide surface to the edge of the insulation chamber, away from the suction pipe, reducing the probability of it being re-drawn in. The equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum alloy in recycled aluminum alloy provided by this utility model, by increasing the distributor and in combination with the structure of the guide surface, can reduce the amount of inclusions drawn in when the molten aluminum is drawn in through the suction pipe, thereby improving the performance of the casting. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum using recycled aluminum alloy provided in this embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 ;
[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum using recycled aluminum alloy provided in this embodiment of the utility model. Figure 2 ;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hollow float provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] In the diagram: 100, main body of the heat preservation furnace; 110, heat preservation chamber; 200, liquid suction pipe; 300, fluid distribution; 310, flow guide surface; 320, positioning part; 400, hollow float; 410, guide surface. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0024] Unless otherwise explicitly specified, the use of terms such as "first," "second," or "third" is intended to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.
[0025] Unless otherwise expressly defined, the use of directional terms such as “center,” “lateral,” “longitudinal,” “horizontal,” “vertical,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “high,” and “low” to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention.
[0026] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention will now describe the equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum by using recycled aluminum alloy. Equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum using recycled aluminum alloys includes a holding furnace body 100 and a suction pipe 200. The holding furnace body 100 has an internal holding chamber 110 for storing molten aluminum. The suction pipe 200 is located at the top of the holding chamber 110 and extends downwards below the surface of the molten aluminum. A flow divider 300 is located at the bottom of the holding chamber 110, directly below the suction pipe 200. The flow divider 300 has a circumferential guide surface 310 that slopes downwards towards the edge of the holding chamber 110. When the suction pipe 200 is pressurized to draw in liquid, the flow divider 310 prevents inclusions in the molten aluminum from rising upwards. When the suction pipe 200 is depressurized to drain liquid, the flow divider 310 guides inclusions in the molten aluminum to the edge of the holding chamber 110.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the equipment for improving the purity of recycled aluminum alloy liquid provided by this utility model has an internal heat preservation chamber 110 in the heat preservation furnace body 100. The liquid suction pipe 200 is set at the top of the heat preservation chamber 110, and the lower end of the liquid suction pipe 200 is inserted below the liquid surface. A flow divider 300 is set at the bottom of the heat preservation chamber 110. The flow divider 300 is located directly below the liquid suction pipe 200. The flow divider 300 has a circumferential guide surface 310, which is inclined from top to bottom toward the edge of the heat preservation chamber 110. When the suction pipe 200 is pressurized and draws in liquid, the molten aluminum in the insulation chamber 110 flows along the guide surface 310 and enters the suction pipe 200 under the suction force of the suction pipe 200. Meanwhile, impurities at the bottom of the insulation chamber 110, as they rise along the guide surface 310, will fall back to the bottom of the insulation chamber 110 due to their own weight, thus reducing the amount of impurities drawn into the molten aluminum by the suction pipe 200. When the suction pipe 200 is depressurized and drains, the molten aluminum flowing back through the suction pipe 200 will contain some impurities. When the molten aluminum containing impurities impacts the distributor 300, it will be guided by the guide surface 310 to the edge of the insulation chamber 110, away from the suction pipe 200, reducing the probability of being drawn in again. The equipment for improving the purity of recycled aluminum alloy molten aluminum provided by this utility model, by increasing the structure of the distributor 300 and the guide surface 310, can reduce the amount of inclusions sucked in when the molten aluminum is sucked in by the suction pipe 200, thereby improving the performance of the casting.
[0028] It is worth noting that the specific composition (mass percentage) of the recycled aluminum alloy involved in this utility model is as follows: Si: 5.5%~8.5%, Mg: 0.18%~0.30%, Mn: 0.05%~0.3%, Cr: 0.02%~0.20%, Sr: 0.01%~0.03%, Ti: 0.05%~0.13%, B≤0.005%, RE≤0.10%, Cu≤0.3%, Zn≤0.3%, Fe≤0.4%, the total content of other impurity elements ≤0.25%, and the balance is Al. It can be prepared by remelting recycled ADC12 car cylinder blocks, peeled aluminum wire, rotor aluminum, building templates, 101 aluminum ingots, waste beverage cans, waste car water tanks, and 6063 motor housings after multi-stage crushing, iron absorption, grading, and vortex separation. The above-mentioned recycled aluminum alloy can have high mechanical properties through the synergistic effect of multiple elements. However, if it is used directly as ordinary aluminum liquid, the inclusions in the aluminum liquid will still reduce the alloy performance.
[0029] The fluid distributor 300 is a cone, and the guide surface 310 is formed in the circumference of the cone. The cone-shaped fluid distributor 300 can form a continuous guide surface 310 in its circumference, which is more effective in preventing inclusions from rising and guiding inclusions to diffuse towards the edge.
[0030] In addition, the fluid distributor 300 can also be designed as a pyramid, with multiple guide surfaces 310 formed in its circumference. The multiple guide surfaces 310 are connected sequentially rather than continuously.
[0031] Preferably, the longitudinal section of the fluid distributor 300 forms a triangular cross-section, with the included angle at the base of the triangular cross-section being 30° to 60°. When the included angle at the base of the triangular cross-section is small (30° to 45°), the distance between the bottom of the guide surface 310 and the edge of the insulation chamber 110 is closer. In this case, it is beneficial for the guide surface 310 to guide the discharged inclusions to the edge of the insulation chamber 110. When the included angle at the base of the triangular cross-section is large (45° to 60°), the inclination of the guide surface 310 is greater. In this case, it is beneficial for the guide surface 310 to block the inclusions from rising. Selecting an angle between 30° and 60° is to comprehensively consider the two effects of the guide surface 310 in guiding the inclusions outward and blocking the inclusions from rising.
[0032] Preferably, the distance between the bottom surface of the heat-insulating chamber 110 and the top surface of the fluid distributor 300 is 'a', and the distance between the bottom surface of the heat-insulating chamber 110 and the lower port of the suction pipe 200 is 'b', where a ≥ 2 / 3 × b. The bottom surface of the heat-insulating chamber 110 and the top surface of the fluid distributor 300 have sufficient height to ensure that the guide surface 310 has sufficient length and height, achieving an optimal state while guiding inclusions outward and preventing inclusions from rising.
[0033] Preferably, the outer diameter of the bottom of the fluid separator 300 is c, and the inner diameter of the lower port of the suction tube 200 is d, where c ≤ 1 / 2 × d. The larger outer diameter of the bottom of the fluid separator 300 allows it to guide impurities closer to the edge of the insulation chamber 110; the smaller lower port of the suction tube 200 allows the suction force of the suction tube 200 to act on a smaller area of the upper region of the fluid separator 300, reducing the probability of impurities being sucked in.
[0034] Preferably, the bottom surface of the insulation chamber 110 is provided with a positioning groove, and the bottom of the fluid distributor 300 is provided with a positioning part 320. The positioning part 320 is inserted longitudinally into the positioning groove to limit the circumferential displacement of the fluid distributor 300. This can improve the stability of the fluid distributor 300 at the bottom of the insulation chamber 110 and ensure its performance.
[0035] For preferred options, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The top of the distributor 300 is a distribution plane with a diameter of e, where e ≤ 1 / 2 × c, which makes the distributor 300 form a frustum structure. The circumference of the distribution plane is rounded. The design of the distribution plane can prevent the aluminum liquid flowing back through the suction pipe 200 from impacting the top of the distributor 300 when the suction pipe 200 is depressurized and discharged, thereby preventing damage to the distributor 300.
[0036] In another embodiment, the heat preservation chamber 110 is provided with multiple floating bodies that float on the surface of the molten aluminum. The multiple floating bodies together cover the surface of the molten aluminum to reduce the contact area between the molten aluminum and the air. While keeping the molten aluminum warm, it can also prevent the molten aluminum from oxidizing and reduce the content of inclusions in the molten aluminum.
[0037] Please see Figure 3 The float is a hollow buoy 400, ensuring it can float on the surface of the molten aluminum. The hollow buoy 400 forms a circumferential guide surface 410. When the molten aluminum is added from the transfer ladle to the insulation chamber 110, the molten aluminum immediately slides into the insulation chamber 110 after contacting the guide surface 410, thereby preventing the formation of an oxide film on the surface of the hollow buoy 400 and reducing the inclusion content in the molten aluminum.
[0038] Specifically, the hollow float 400 is made of Al2O3 or SiC, which has high high temperature resistance and can be used for a long time in high-temperature molten aluminum, saving manpower and resources during the replacement process.
[0039] In addition, an inclined degasser can be introduced to refine and degas the molten aluminum in the insulation chamber 110, thereby completely removing oxide inclusions and improving the quality of the molten aluminum.
[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. Equipment for improving the purity of molten aluminum using recycled aluminum alloy, characterized in that, The application relates to a heat-insulating furnace main body (100) and a liquid suction pipe (200), wherein the heat-insulating furnace main body (100) is internally provided with a heat-insulating chamber (110) for storing aluminum liquid; the liquid suction pipe (200) is arranged at the top of the heat-insulating chamber (110) and penetrates into the aluminum liquid below the liquid level from top to bottom; the bottom of the heat-insulating chamber (110) is provided with a flow divider (300) located directly below the liquid suction pipe (200); and the flow divider (300) is provided with a circumferential flow guide surface (310) inclined from top to bottom to the edge of the heat-insulating chamber (110). The flow guide surface (310) is used for blocking the upward climbing of inclusions in the aluminum liquid when the liquid suction pipe (200) is pressurized to suck liquid. The flow guide surface (310) is used for guiding the discharge of inclusions in the aluminum liquid to the edge of the heat-insulating chamber (110) when the liquid suction pipe (200) is depressurized to discharge liquid.
2. The apparatus for improving the purity of aluminium liquid in secondary aluminium alloys according to claim 1, characterised in that, The flow divider (300) is a circular cone, and the flow guide surface (310) is formed on the circumference of the circular cone.
3. The apparatus for improving the purity of aluminium liquid of recycled aluminium alloys according to claim 1, characterised in that, The longitudinal section of the flow divider (300) forms a triangular section, and the angle of the bottom angle of the triangular section is 30-60 degrees.
4. The apparatus for improving the purity of aluminium liquid of recycled aluminium alloys according to claim 1, characterised in that, The distance between the bottom surface of the heat-insulating chamber (110) and the top end of the flow divider (300) is a, and the distance between the bottom surface of the heat-insulating chamber (110) and the lower end port of the liquid suction pipe (200) is b, wherein a>=2 / 3*b.
5. The apparatus for improving the purity of aluminium liquid of recycled aluminium alloys according to claim 1, characterised in that, The outer diameter of the bottom of the flow divider (300) is c, and the inner diameter of the lower end port of the liquid suction pipe (200) is d, wherein c<=1 / 2*d.
6. The apparatus for improving the purity of aluminium liquid of recycled aluminium alloys according to claim 1, characterised in that, The top of the flow divider (300) is provided with a horizontally arranged flow dividing plane, and the diameter of the flow dividing plane is e, wherein e<=1 / 2*c.
7. The apparatus for improving the purity of aluminium liquid of recycled aluminium alloys according to claim 1, characterised in that, The bottom surface of the heat-insulating chamber (110) is provided with a positioning groove, and the bottom of the flow divider (300) is provided with a positioning part (320) longitudinally inserted into the positioning groove, which is used for limiting the circumferential displacement of the flow divider (300).
8. The equipment for improving the purity of aluminium liquid in secondary aluminium alloys according to any of claims 1-7, characterised by the fact that, A plurality of floating bodies are arranged in the heat-insulating chamber (110) and float on the liquid level of the aluminum liquid, and the plurality of floating bodies collectively cover the liquid level of the aluminum liquid, which is used for reducing the contact area of the aluminum liquid and air.
9. The apparatus for improving the purity of aluminium liquid of recycled aluminium alloys according to claim 8, characterised in that, The floating body is a hollow floating ball (400), and the circumference of the hollow floating ball (400) forms a guide sliding surface (410).
10. The apparatus for improving the purity of aluminium liquid of recycled aluminium alloys according to claim 9, characterised in that, The material of the hollow floating ball (400) is Al2O3 or SiC.