Vibration reduction device of shield tunnel

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of subway tunnel construction, in particular to a vibration damping device of a shield tunnel, and aims to solve the problem of vibration damage of shock waves generated by blasting to a main line shield tunnel during subway connection channel drilling and blasting method construction. Comprising a supporting base used for abutting against a shield segment and a vibration reduction piston device with one end connected with the supporting base. The damping piston device comprises a sleeve, a piston column and an elastic assembly. The first end of the sleeve is provided with a containing groove. The second end of the sleeve is used for connecting supporting steel. The first end of the piston column is slidably arranged in the containing groove. The elastic assembly is arranged between the first end of the piston column and the bottom of the containing groove. According to the utility model, the impact force generated by blasting excavation of the connection channel is weakened, the shield tunnel is protected from being directly damaged by blasting impact, the service life of the duct piece is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of subway tunnel construction technology, specifically to a vibration reduction device for shield tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] As the backbone of urban public transportation, the subway has become the preferred mode of transportation for urban residents due to its land-saving and high-capacity characteristics. Connecting passages, an indispensable part of the subway system, play a crucial role in evacuating people, fire prevention, and connectivity. When the surrounding rock of the connecting passage is of high grade, the drill-and-blast method is generally used for excavation. However, the shock waves generated by blasting the rock mass can affect the shield tunnel segments of the main line, thus requiring protection measures for the main line shield tunnel.

[0003] Traditional protection methods involve hanging blasting covers at the opening of the connecting passage and installing temporary steel supports on the adjacent main line lining at the opening. However, this type of steel support, which is in direct contact with the lining and rigidly connected, cannot solve the problem of vibrations generated by blasting being transmitted to the shield tunnel. Large blasting energy can cause vibrations in the shield segments and steel supports, resulting in cracking damage to the segments.

[0004] In existing technologies, such as the shield tunnel seismic isolation structure and construction method disclosed in patent number CN116006213A, which relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, this solution mainly addresses the problem of earthquake isolation when the tunnel passes through a fault fracture zone. Earthquakes and blasting vibrations are essentially different types of dynamic loads, therefore, they are not applicable to the vibration reduction requirements of the drill-and-blast method construction of subway connecting passages.

[0005] Therefore, in order to reduce the damage to the main shield tunnel segments caused by the shock waves generated during the drill-and-blast method construction of the subway connecting passage, and to ensure the integrity and stability of the shield tunnel segments, a vibration reduction device for shield tunnels is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vibration reduction device for shield tunnels, so as to solve the problem that traditional protection methods cannot effectively solve the vibration impact of shock waves generated by close-range blasting excavation of connecting passages on the main shield tunnel.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted.

[0008] A vibration damping device for a shield tunnel includes a support base for abutting against a shield segment and a vibration damping piston device with one end connected to the support base; the vibration damping piston device includes a sleeve, a piston rod, and an elastic component.

[0009] The first end of the sleeve is provided with a receiving groove, and the second end of the sleeve is used to connect the supporting steel; the first end of the piston rod is slidably disposed in the receiving groove; the elastic component is disposed between the first end of the piston rod and the bottom of the receiving groove.

[0010] Optionally, the support base is fixedly connected to the second end of the piston rod.

[0011] Optionally, the elastic component is a spring assembly, which includes a plurality of springs arranged in an array on the first end face of the piston rod.

[0012] Optionally, the second end of the sleeve is provided with a support groove for accommodating and fixing the end of the support steel.

[0013] Optionally, an elastic pad is provided on the side of the support base away from the piston rod.

[0014] Optionally, the piston rod includes a cylindrical part and a piston part, the piston part being the first end of the piston rod and the cylindrical part being the second end of the piston rod; both the piston part and the cylindrical part are cylindrical, the cross-sectional diameter of the piston part is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical part, the diameter of the opening of the receiving groove is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical part and smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the piston part, and the inner diameter of the receiving groove is larger than the diameter of the piston part.

[0015] Optionally, the elastic component is equipped with a pressure sensor to monitor the impact pressure borne by the shield tunnel vibration reduction device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This utility model's shield tunnel vibration reduction device absorbs and weakens the impact force generated by blasting through elastic components (such as spring groups) in the vibration-damping piston device, effectively reducing the damage of shock waves to the main shield tunnel segments. The sliding arrangement of the piston column in the receiving groove allows the device to flexibly cope with impacts of different intensities, ensuring the stability and integrity of the tunnel segments. This design not only protects the lining from direct damage by blasting impacts but also extends the service life of the tunnel segments and reduces maintenance costs.

[0018] The support base is fixedly connected to the second end of the piston rod, ensuring the stability and reliability between the support base and the piston rod. Under the impact of blasting, the support base can firmly abut against the tunnel segments, effectively transmitting and dispersing the impact force, and reducing local cracking damage to the segments. This fixed connection method improves the overall stability of the device and ensures safety during construction.

[0019] The elastic component employs a spring array design, with multiple springs arranged on the first end face of the piston rod, providing a larger damping area and a more uniform damping effect. This design effectively absorbs and disperses impact forces of different directions and intensities, further improving the device's vibration damping performance. The spring array design not only enhances the device's reliability and durability but also maintains a stable vibration damping effect during multiple blasting operations.

[0020] The second end of the sleeve is equipped with a support groove to accommodate and fix the end of the supporting steel, simplifying the installation process and ensuring the stability and reliability of the device during construction. This connection method not only simplifies the installation steps but also effectively transmits and disperses impact forces, reducing direct impact on the supporting steel and lining, and protecting the integrity of the lining. Furthermore, the support base can be adjusted according to the actual I-beam type used in construction, increasing the applicability and flexibility of the device.

[0021] An elastic pad is installed on the side of the support base away from the piston column, further enhancing the buffering effect of the device and reducing direct impact on the tunnel segments. The elastic pad can absorb part of the impact force, protecting the surface of the tunnel segments from damage, while also reducing noise and vibration, and improving the comfort of the construction environment.

[0022] The piston rod consists of a cylindrical section and a piston section. The piston section is the first end of the piston rod, and the cylindrical section is the second end. Both the piston section and the cylindrical section are cylindrical. The diameter of the piston section is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical section. The diameter of the opening of the receiving groove is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical section but smaller than the diameter of the piston section. The inner diameter of the receiving groove is larger than the diameter of the piston section. This design allows the piston rod to slide flexibly within the receiving groove. Furthermore, the different diameters of the cylindrical section and the piston section ensure that the piston rod will not dislodge from the receiving groove during sliding, thus improving the stability and reliability of the device.

[0023] Pressure sensors are installed on the elastic components to monitor the impact pressure borne by the shield tunnel vibration damping device. These sensors provide real-time data to construction personnel, enabling them to adjust blasting parameters and construction plans promptly, ensuring construction safety. This intelligent design not only improves the scientific rigor and safety of construction but also allows for the timely detection and resolution of problems during construction, reducing potential risks. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the usage state of an embodiment of the vibration reduction device for a shield tunnel according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the components of an embodiment of a vibration reduction device for a shield tunnel according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3This is a longitudinal schematic diagram of the installation position of an embodiment of the vibration reduction device for a shield tunnel according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a horizontal schematic diagram of the installation position of an embodiment of the vibration reduction device for a shield tunnel according to the present invention.

[0028] The components include: 1. Support base; 2. Piston column; 21. Column part; 22. Piston part; 3. Sleeve; 31. Support groove; 4. Elastic component; 5. Elastic pad. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0030] The following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terminology used in this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this utility model relates to a vibration reduction device for shield tunnels, aiming to solve the problem of damage to the main shield tunnel caused by shock waves generated by blasting during the drill-and-blast method construction of subway connecting passages. Through innovative design and structure, this device effectively absorbs and weakens the impact force, protecting the integrity and stability of the shield tunnel segments.

[0033] The structural composition of the shield tunnel vibration reduction device: The shield tunnel vibration reduction device of this utility model mainly includes a support base 1 and a vibration reduction piston device. The support base 1 is used to abut against the shield tunnel segments, and the vibration reduction piston device is connected to one end of the support base 1 to absorb and reduce the impact force generated by blasting.

[0034] The vibration-damping piston device includes a sleeve 3, a piston rod 2, and an elastic component 4. The first end of the sleeve 3 has a receiving groove to accommodate the first end of the piston rod 2. The second end of the sleeve 3 is used to connect a support steel to ensure stable installation of the device within the tunnel. The first end of the piston rod 2 is slidably disposed within the receiving groove, allowing it to slide freely within the groove to adapt to different impact forces. The elastic component 4 is disposed between the first end of the piston rod 2 and the bottom of the receiving groove to absorb and reduce impact forces.

[0035] The support base 1 is fixedly connected to the second end of the piston column 2, ensuring the stability and reliability between the support base 1 and the piston column 2. Under the impact of blasting, the support base 1 can firmly abut against the shield tunnel segments, effectively transmitting and dispersing the impact force and reducing local damage to the lining.

[0036] The elastic component 4 can employ a spring assembly design, comprising multiple springs arrayed on the first end face of the piston rod 2. This design provides a larger damping area and a more uniform damping effect, effectively absorbing and dispersing impact forces of different directions and intensities, further improving the device's damping performance. The spring assembly design not only enhances the device's reliability and durability but also maintains a stable damping effect during multiple blasting operations.

[0037] The second end of the sleeve 3 is provided with a support groove 31 for accommodating and fixing the end of the support steel. The design of the support groove 31 enables the sleeve 3 to be firmly connected to the support steel, ensuring the stability and reliability of the device during construction. This connection method not only simplifies the installation process, but also effectively transmits and disperses impact forces, reduces direct impact on the support steel and lining, and protects the integrity of the lining. The specific support steel is an I-beam.

[0038] An elastic pad is installed on the side of the support base 1 away from the piston column 2. The elastic pad further enhances the buffering effect of the device and reduces the direct impact on the tunnel lining segments. The elastic pad can absorb part of the impact force, protect the lining surface from damage, and also reduce noise and vibration, improving the comfort of the construction environment.

[0039] The piston rod 2 includes a cylindrical body 21 and a piston 22, with the piston 22 being the first end and the cylindrical body 21 being the second end. Both the piston 22 and the cylindrical body 21 are cylindrical, with the cross-sectional diameter of the piston 22 being larger than that of the cylindrical body 21. The opening diameter of the receiving groove is larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical body 21 but smaller than that of the piston 22, and the inner diameter of the receiving groove is larger than that of the piston 22. This design allows the piston rod 2 to slide flexibly within the receiving groove, while the different diameters of the cylindrical body 21 and the piston 22 ensure that the piston rod 2 will not dislodge from the receiving groove during sliding, thus improving the stability and reliability of the device.

[0040] A pressure sensor is installed on the elastic component 4 to monitor the pressure borne by the shield tunnel vibration damping device. The pressure sensor can monitor the pressure on the vibration damping device in real time, providing construction personnel with real-time data to help them adjust blasting parameters and construction plans in a timely manner, ensuring construction safety. This intelligent design not only improves the scientific nature and safety of construction but also enables timely detection and resolution of problems during construction, reducing potential risks.

[0041] Specific implementation steps

[0042] The support base 1 is connected to the vibration damping piston device, and the second end of the piston rod 2 is fixedly connected to the support base 1 to ensure the stability and reliability of the connection. The first end of the piston rod 2 is slidably disposed in the receiving groove of the sleeve 3, and can slide freely within the receiving groove.

[0043] The end of the supporting steel is fixed in the support groove 31 of the sleeve 3 to ensure the strength and reliability of the connection. The design of the support groove 31 allows the sleeve 3 to firmly connect to the supporting steel, ensuring the stability and reliability of the device during construction. The support base 1 is fixed to the shield tunnel segments to ensure its firmness and reliability. The elastic pad of the support base 1 can absorb part of the impact force and protect the lining surface from damage.

[0044] A pressure sensor is installed on the elastic component 4 to monitor the pressure on the shield tunnel vibration reduction device in real time. The pressure sensor can provide construction personnel with real-time data to help them adjust blasting parameters and construction plans in a timely manner, ensuring construction safety.

[0045] During the drill-and-blast construction of the subway connecting tunnel, the elastic component 4 in the vibration-damping piston device absorbs and weakens the impact force generated by the blast, protecting the integrity and stability of the tunnel lining segments. The support base 1 and the elastic pad further enhance the buffering effect, reducing direct impact on the lining.

[0046] During construction, blasting parameters and construction plans are adjusted promptly based on data provided by pressure sensors to ensure the normal operation of the vibration damping device. The working status of elastic component 4 and the pressure sensor are checked regularly to ensure their reliability and durability.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the spring constant is selected based on the vibration velocity generated during blasting. The formula for the maximum charge amount in blasting is as follows:

[0048]

[0049] Where: Qm—maximum charge amount in the same section during blasting, kg;

[0050] R—the shortest distance from the blast zone to the protected object, in meters;

[0051] V—The safe vibration velocity allowed for the protected object, in cm / s;

[0052] K—a coefficient related to the site, which is taken as K=100 based on similar experience;

[0053] α—Seismic attenuation index, which is taken as α = 1.4 based on similar experience.

[0054] The safe vibration velocity of the protected object is calculated using parameters such as the maximum charge amount and the safe distance from the blast zone to the protected area. The force on the spring is then calculated using this vibration velocity.

[0055] Acceleration can be calculated from vibration velocity and explosion time, as shown in the following formula:

[0056] a=Δv / Δt

[0057] Where: a—represents acceleration; m / s²;

[0058] Δv—represents the change in velocity, in which case the average velocity is taken; m / s;

[0059] Δt — represents the explosion time, in seconds.

[0060] After obtaining the acceleration, the spring constant can be determined by the following two equations:

[0061] F = ma

[0062] F = -kx

[0063] F represents the applied force, in N;

[0064] m—indicates the mass of the spring; kg;

[0065] k—Spring constant; N / m;

[0066] x — represents the compression of the spring, in meters (m).

[0067] The spring constant and compression can be calculated using the above formula, thus allowing for the selection of a suitable spring for the actual engineering project.

[0068] like Figure 2 As shown, to achieve maximum stability and convenience of this device, the left side of the spring is connected to the piston assembly by welding, and the right side of the spring is connected to the piston part 22 by screws, increasing the flexibility of the device to adapt to various situations.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, Ⅰ represents the portal of the connecting passage, and Ⅱ represents the vibration reduction device for the shield tunnel. In this embodiment, this device is used for protection at both the left and right steel frame support points of the main tunnel during construction. The number of devices installed can be adjusted according to the actual project.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, Ⅰ is the portal of the connecting passage, and Ⅱ is the vibration reduction device for the shield tunnel. The blasting excavation of the connecting passage has a significant impact on the lining of the main line where the portal is located; therefore, it should be installed on the adjacent lining segments to the left and right of the portal portal to reduce disturbance.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] To further improve the vibration reduction effect, the shield tunnel vibration reduction device of this utility model can adopt a multi-stage vibration reduction design. Specifically, the vibration reduction piston device can include multiple vibration reduction units connected in series or parallel, and each vibration reduction unit includes a sleeve 3, a piston rod 2, and an elastic component 4. Through the multi-stage vibration reduction design, impact forces of different intensities and frequencies can be absorbed and dissipated more effectively, further protecting the integrity of the shield tunnel segments.

[0073] Series damping unit: Multiple damping units are arranged in series, with the first end of the piston rod 2 of each damping unit slidingly disposed in the receiving groove of the sleeve 3 of the preceding damping unit. This design can absorb impact force step by step, reduce the burden on individual damping units, and improve the overall damping effect.

[0074] Parallel vibration damping units: Multiple vibration damping units are connected in parallel, with the second end of the sleeve 3 of each unit connected to the supporting steel. This design can simultaneously absorb and disperse impact forces, improving the stability and reliability of the vibration damping device.

[0075] To achieve more intelligent monitoring and control, the shield tunnel vibration reduction device of this invention can integrate more sensors and control systems. In addition to pressure sensors, displacement sensors, acceleration sensors, and temperature sensors can be added to monitor the working status and environmental parameters of the vibration reduction device in real time. The monitoring data is transmitted to the central control center via a wireless communication module, enabling remote monitoring and intelligent adjustment.

[0076] To improve the adaptability and flexibility of the vibration damping device, this invention can be designed with an adaptive adjustment mechanism. By setting an adjustable damper on the elastic component 4, the damping coefficient of the damper is automatically adjusted according to the real-time monitoring of impact force and vibration conditions, thereby optimizing the vibration damping effect. Adjustable damper: An adjustable damper is installed on the elastic component 4, and the damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted via an electric or hydraulic system. The central control center adjusts the damping coefficient of the damper in real time through an adaptive control algorithm based on data from displacement sensors, acceleration sensors, and pressure sensors, ensuring that the vibration damping device maintains the best vibration damping effect under different operating conditions.

[0077] As is known from common technical knowledge, this utility model can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this utility model or its equivalents are included in this utility model.

Claims

1. A vibration damping device for a shield tunnel, characterized by, The application relates to a support base (1) for abutting against a shield segment and a damping piston device connected to the support base (1) at one end; the damping piston device comprises a sleeve (3), a piston column (2) and an elastic assembly (4); The sleeve (3) is provided with a containing groove at a first end, and a second end of the sleeve (3) is used for connecting a support steel; the first end of the piston column (2) is slidably arranged in the containing groove; the elastic assembly (4) is arranged between the first end of the piston column (2) and the bottom of the containing groove.

2. The vibration reduction device for a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein The support base (1) is fixedly connected to the second end of the piston column (2).

3. The vibration reduction device of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein The elastic assembly (4) is a spring group, and the spring group comprises a plurality of springs arranged in an array on the end face of the first end of the piston column (2).

4. The vibration reduction device of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein The second end of the sleeve (3) is provided with a support groove (31) for containing and fixing the end of the support steel.

5. The vibration damping device of a shield tunnel according to claim 2, wherein The side of the support base (1) away from the piston column (2) is provided with an elastic pad (5).

6. The vibration reduction device of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein The piston column (2) comprises a column body (21) and a piston part (22), the piston part (22) is located at the first end of the piston column (2), and the column body (21) is located at the second end of the piston column (2); the piston part (22) and the column body (21) are both cylindrical bodies, the cross-section diameter of the piston part (22) is greater than that of the column body (21), the opening diameter of the containing groove is greater than the cross-section diameter of the column body (21) and smaller than the cross-section diameter of the piston part (22), and the internal diameter of the containing groove is greater than the diameter of the piston part (22).

7. The vibration reduction device of a shield tunnel according to claim 1, wherein A pressure sensor is arranged on the elastic assembly (4) and used for monitoring the impact pressure borne by the shield tunnel damping device.

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