Self-cooling butt-assembled integral impeller

Abstract

When an outer shaft structure is adopted, an inner duct fan blade and an outer duct fan blade form a whole through a rotary drum, an inner duct adopts a spiral fan blade without a central shaft and is fixed to the inner wall of the rotary drum in a symmetrical splicing installation (short for butt installation) mode, and a spiral inner cavity adopts a plate-shaped reinforcing structure and is communicated with the outer duct through air holes in the wall of the rotary drum. The outer duct semicircular integral impeller pair is arranged at the periphery of the rotary drum; a double-spiral or multi-spiral structure is formed in a butt-assembling mode and is lengthened according to needs, efficient cooling can be achieved through a cavity structure, heat efficiency can be directly improved under an outer shaft structure, and the butt-assembling mode has the high efficiency and reliability of an integral impeller while cost and process requirements are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a self-cooled, assembled, integral impeller. Background Technology

[0002] The most direct way to improve the power and efficiency of a gas turbine is to increase the core combustion temperature, i.e., the turbine inlet temperature. However, excessively high temperatures can lead to the failure and damage of heated materials. Given the relatively slow development of material properties, cooling technology can effectively increase the operating temperature of materials.

[0003] Currently, turbine blade cooling technology is mainly divided into two types: internal cooling and external cooling. In internal cooling, the cooling airflow and the combustion airflow do not interfere with each other, but good cooling air passages and air volume are required to achieve good results. Due to the limitations of the internal space of the blades and the manufacturing process, the development of internal cooling is relatively slow or even stagnant. On the other hand, in external cooling (film cooling), the cooling airflow and the combustion airflow have an interaction area. The design requires consideration of relatively complex aerodynamic models, and the cost and process requirements are also higher.

[0004] Current fan blade cooling technology primarily aims to improve system performance and reliability, and generally has little effect on improving thermal efficiency.

[0005] Compared to traditional assembled impellers, integral impellers offer higher efficiency and reliability, representing a significant future development trend. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the challenges of cooling high-temperature fan blades, simplifying manufacturing and maintenance processes, and recovering heat energy, this utility model discloses a self-cooling, paired, integral impeller. When using an external shaft structure, the inner and outer bypass fan blades are integrated via a rotating cylinder. The inner bypass uses a central shaftless helical fan blade, fixed to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder using a symmetrical splicing installation method (referred to as paired mounting). The helical inner cavity uses a plate-like reinforcing structure, communicating with the outer bypass through vent holes in the rotating cylinder wall. The semi-circular integral impeller of the outer bypass is paired to the outer periphery of the rotating cylinder. Using the paired mounting method, a double-helix or multi-helix structure can be formed and extended as needed. The cavity structure enables efficient cooling, and the external shaft structure directly improves thermal efficiency. The paired mounting method reduces costs and process requirements while possessing the high efficiency and reliability of an integral impeller.

[0007] When using an external shaft structure, the internal duct fan blades are Archimedean spirals, with the optimized feature being the absence of a central shaft. They are connected to the rotating cylinder via an open end to form an external shaft, with the axial feature being complete airflow obstruction. The internal duct fan blades are installed using welding or screw fastening on the outside of the rotating cylinder. Reinforcing ribs are set along the axial direction inside the spiral fan blades, with a gap of at least 3 mm between the reinforcing ribs and the tip of the spiral fan blades, forming a cooling airflow channel. During rotation, the reinforcing ribs drive air to form a strong cooling airflow inside the fan blades, acting as cooling blades inside the fan blades. The internal duct spiral fan blade units are extended and expanded through symmetrical splicing installation.

[0008] When using an external shaft structure, the outer bypass fan blades use a semi-circular integral impeller as the basic unit, employing a semi-circular symmetrical splicing installation method and secured with bolts and nuts. The number of outer bypass fan blades can be adjusted according to airflow and static pressure requirements, and their installation position should minimize obstruction of the vent holes of the rotating drum. The use of symmetrically spliced ​​integral impellers in the outer bypass reduces the complexity of installation and maintenance while maintaining the high efficiency and reliability of integral impellers. Compared to integrated impellers, symmetrically spliced ​​integral impellers are better suited to complex installation environments and are easier to maintain and replace. Compared to single-piece assembly, symmetrically spliced ​​integral impellers offer better efficiency and reliability, and also reduce overall weight.

[0009] When using an external shaft structure, ventilation holes are opened at the corresponding positions of the fan blade openings along the inner channel of the rotating drum. The direction of the ventilation holes is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating drum. The diameter and number of ventilation holes can be adjusted according to the materials and processing technology. The area and number of ventilation hole units can be increased as needed to increase the total ventilation area. Holes are reserved at the fixed positions of the spiral fan blades along the inner channel of the rotating drum to ensure smooth exchange of cooling air from the fan blades. Compared with grooving or overall hollowing out, drilling can greatly reduce the impact on the overall strength of the equipment.

[0010] When using an outer shaft structure, the cooling airflow inside the inner cavity of the spiral fan blade is directly connected to the outer bypass duct, and the airflow returns to the inner cavity through the outer bypass duct, directly realizing heat recovery and improving thermal efficiency.

[0011] When using an external shaft structure, the radial angle range of the internal spiral fan blade can be selected as an integer multiple of 90 degrees as the basic fan blade unit. The spiral fan blades are divided into circumferential angles along the radial direction and extended to form a multi-spiral structure. For example, two spiral fan blades are symmetrically distributed along the radial direction at 180 degrees and extended to form a double spiral structure, and three spiral fan blades are divided into circumferential angles along the radial direction at 120 degrees and extended to form a triple spiral structure. The total number in the axial direction is an integer multiple of the complete fan blade.

[0012] When using an external shaft structure, the pitch of the internal duct spiral fan blades needs to be adjusted according to the diameter of the rotating drum, taking into account the combustion gas volume and velocity factors. The pitch can be equal to or proportional to the radial area of ​​the rotating drum, or a variable pitch can be used according to the change of airflow velocity.

[0013] When using an external shaft structure, the internal spiral fan blades have a V-shaped hollow structure. The angles can be optimized and adjusted according to the airflow speed, including the radial angle of the impact surface and the size of the internal included angle. Generally, the radial included angle of the impact surface ranges from 0 to 30 degrees, and the internal included angle ranges from 5 to 30 degrees. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Appendix Figure 1 This is a front sectional view of the outer shaft structure of a self-cooled integral impeller according to the present invention.

[0015] Appendix Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the outer shaft structure of a self-cooled, assembled integral impeller according to the present invention.

[0016] Appendix Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the basic unit of the spiral fan blade within the outer shaft structure of a self-cooled, assembled integral impeller according to this utility model.

[0017] Appendix Figure 4 This is a wireframe diagram of the basic unit of the spiral fan blade within the outer shaft structure of a self-cooled, assembled integral impeller according to this utility model.

[0018] Appendix Figure 5 This utility model provides a wireframe diagram of the basic unit assembly of a self-cooled, assembled integral impeller with an inner shaft structure containing a spiral fan blade.

[0019] Appendix Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembly of the inner duct fan blades within the outer shaft structure of a self-cooled, assembled integral impeller according to this utility model.

[0020] Appendix Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the outer shaft structure and outer bypass fan blade unit of a self-cooled, assembled integral impeller according to this utility model.

[0021] Appendix Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the heat dissipation holes of the outer shaft structure of a self-cooled, assembled integral impeller according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 8The first embodiment of the present invention is shown. It should be noted that these and subsequent drawings are merely examples and are not drawn to scale. The drawings only show the parts related to the present invention and not the entire structural process, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Appendix Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of this utility model. The numbers in the figure represent: 1. Inner duct spiral fan blade; 2. Outer duct fan blade; 3. Outer duct fan blade mounting hole; 4. Rotary drum heat dissipation hole; 5. Rotary drum sealing head; 6. Engine frame schematic diagram.

[0024] The inner duct spiral fan blades of Example 1 are composed of basic fan blade units assembled in a paired manner (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 5 As shown, it has a radially symmetrical structure along the central axis.

[0025] In Example 1, the inner duct spiral fan blades can be directly welded to the inner wall of the rotating drum, or they can be fixed by screws on the outer wall of the rotating drum. To enhance the isolation between the high-temperature gas and the cooling air, a high-temperature sealant (such as graphite) can be used for sealing. To improve the heat resistance of the system, the inner wall of the rotating drum and the surface of the inner duct fan blades can be coated with heat-resistant materials (such as silicon carbide or silicon nitride).

[0026] In Example 1, the outer bypass fan blades adopt a semi-circular integral impeller design. The two semi-circular integral impellers are structurally identical and are installed using a symmetrical splicing method. During installation, it is sufficient to ensure that the blades of the two semi-circular integral impellers are aligned. Bolts and nuts are used for fastening during assembly. The number of outer bypass fan blade groups can be increased or decreased as required, but a certain distance must be maintained between the fan blade groups to prevent obstruction of the heat dissipation holes on the rotating drum.

[0027] In Example 1, a group of heat dissipation holes is provided in the hollow position of the inner channel spiral fan blade of the rotating drum. The opening direction of the heat dissipation holes is perpendicular to the central axis, and the position of the heat dissipation holes is kept at an appropriate distance from the edge of the inner channel spiral fan blade.

[0028] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A self-cooling matched integral impeller characterized by: The outer shaft structure is adopted, the inner and outer channel fan blades are integrated through the rotating drum, the inner channel adopts the centerless spiral fan blade, is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating drum by using the symmetrical splicing installation mode, the spiral inner cavity uses the plate-shaped reinforcing structure, and intercommunication is realized through the rotating drum wall air holes and the outer channel. The outer channel semicircular integral impeller is attached to the periphery of the rotating drum; the double spiral or multi-spiral structure is formed by using the opposite installation mode, and is extended as required.

2. A self-cooling paired monoblock impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner channel fan blade is in the Archimedes spiral shape, the optimization feature is the centerless shaft, is connected with the rotating drum through the open end, and the axial feature is full blocking of the airflow; the inner channel fan blade is installed by using the welding or rotating drum outside screw fastening mode.

3. A self-cooling paired impeller according to claim 1, wherein: The inner channel spiral fan blade can select an integral multiple of 90 degrees as the radial angle range of the basic fan blade unit; the spiral fan blade is equally divided along the radial direction and is extended to form a multi-spiral structure, such as two spiral fan blades are symmetrically distributed along the radial direction by 180 degrees and are extended to form a double spiral structure, three spiral fan blades are equally distributed along the radial direction by 120 degrees and are extended to form a triple spiral structure, and the total number in the axial direction is an integral multiple of the complete fan blade.

4. A self-cooling paired impeller according to claim 1, wherein: The pitch size of the inner channel spiral fan blade needs to be adjusted according to the diameter of the rotating drum, and the factors of the combustion gas volume and flow rate are considered, the pitch interval can be equal to or form a proportional relationship with the radial area of the rotating drum, or a variable pitch can be used according to the change of the airflow velocity.

5. A self-cooling paired impeller according to claim 1, wherein: The inner channel spiral fan blade is internally provided with a V-shaped hollow structure, the angle of which can be optimized and adjusted according to the airflow velocity, including the radial angle of the impact surface and the size of the internal included angle. Generally, the radial included angle of the impact surface ranges from 0 to 30 degrees, and the internal included angle ranges from 5 to 30 degrees.

6. A self-cooling paired impeller according to claim 1, wherein: The reinforcing rib plate provided inside the inner channel spiral fan blade is parallel to the axis of the rotating drum, is evenly distributed according to the angle, and is reserved at least 3 mm away from the tip of the fan blade, forming a cooling airflow exchange channel and enhancing the cooling effect of the tip of the fan blade.

7. A self-cooling paired impeller according to claim 1, wherein: The rotating drum is provided with an air exchange hole at the corresponding position of the inner channel fan blade opening, the direction of the air exchange hole is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating drum, the diameter and number of the air exchange hole can be adjusted according to the material and processing technology, and the area and number of the air exchange hole unit can be increased as required to increase the total air exchange area.

8. A self-cooling paired monoblock impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer channel fan blade takes a semicircular integral impeller as a basic unit, uses a semicircular symmetrical splicing installation mode, is fastened and installed by using bolts and nuts, and the number of the outer channel fan blade can be adjusted according to the air flow and static pressure requirements, and the installation position is preferably arranged to reduce the blocking of the rotating drum air holes.

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