Light source positioning device for photovoltaic light following system

Abstract

The utility model provides a light source positioning device for a photovoltaic light following system, which belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation equipment and comprises a substrate, a positioning cover mounted on the substrate and a sensor array arranged on the substrate. The sectional area of the bottom surface, close to the substrate, of the positioning cover is larger than that of the bottom surface, far away from the substrate, of the positioning cover, and the axis of the positioning cover is perpendicular to the plane where the substrate is connected with the positioning cover; the light source positioning device for the photovoltaic light following system has the characteristics of high precision and high dynamic response, and the detection precision is high through the 4 * 4 photoelectric sensor array; the photosensitive resistor sensor is large in photosensitive angle and high in dynamic response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic power generation equipment, and more specifically relates to a light source positioning device for a photovoltaic tracking system. Background Technology

[0002] A photovoltaic (PV) tracking system, also known as a solar power tracking system, is a device that dynamically adjusts the angle or orientation of solar panels to ensure they are always facing the sun, maximizing the reception of solar radiation. Its core objective is to improve the energy output efficiency of PV power generation systems.

[0003] The sun's position constantly shifts between sunrise and sunset and with seasonal changes. Fixed photovoltaic panels can only efficiently receive sunlight during specific periods, while tracking systems ensure that the panels are always at the optimal angle for sunlight exposure by tracking the sun's position in real time, thereby increasing power generation per unit area. Single-axis tracking systems can increase power generation by approximately 15%-25%, while dual-axis tracking systems can achieve 25%-40%.

[0004] Existing technologies mainly include fuzzy PID control, visual positioning, single-axis tracking, open-loop time control, and symmetrical layout of photodiodes. Fuzzy PID control relies on a single sensor (such as a photodiode), which is prone to signal noise and failure under cloudy conditions or fluctuating light conditions. Its fuzzy rule base debugging is complex, requiring significant storage resources and making it difficult to adapt to low-cost MCUs. Visual positioning requires a camera and complex image processing algorithms, resulting in high computational load and poor real-time performance. It also suffers from high power consumption and hardware costs, making it difficult to apply in low-cost, miniaturized scenarios. Single-axis tracking systems can only adjust a single horizontal or vertical dimension, failing to track the sun's position omnidirectionally, thus offering limited improvement in power generation efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a light source positioning device for a photovoltaic tracking system, used to calculate the solar azimuth and altitude angles; the light source positioning device includes a substrate, a positioning cover mounted on the substrate, and a sensor array disposed on the substrate; the positioning cover is in the shape of a hollow frustum, the cross-sectional area of ​​the positioning cover near the bottom surface of the substrate is larger than the cross-sectional area away from the bottom surface of the substrate, and the axis of the positioning cover is perpendicular to the plane connecting the substrate and the positioning cover.

[0006] The sensor array includes multiple photoelectric sensors. A substrate is used to support the photoelectric sensors. At least one hole is provided on the bottom surface of the positioning cover away from the substrate. Sunlight can pass through the hole to form a light spot on the sensor array. The photoelectric sensor at the location of the light spot generates an electrical signal. The movement trajectory of the light spot can be calculated by the signals of the multiple photoelectric sensors that make up the sensor array.

[0007] Preferably, the sensor array includes 16 photoelectric sensors, arranged in four columns of four on the plane of the substrate.

[0008] The center of the sensor array is at the same position as the center of the substrate, and the axis of the positioning cover passes through the center of the substrate.

[0009] Preferably, the outer side of the positioning cover is provided with multiple side baffles, the height direction of the side baffles is parallel to the height direction of the positioning cover, and the length direction of the side baffles is parallel to the radial direction of the cross-section of the positioning cover; the multiple side baffles are equally spaced on the outer side of the positioning cover.

[0010] The substrate is also provided with a plurality of photoresistors, which are arranged on a circular trajectory with the center of the substrate as the center and the radius R. The bottom surface of the positioning cover near the substrate has a radius r, and R is greater than r. A photoresistor is provided between two adjacent side baffles.

[0011] When the angle between the light source and the light source positioning device is offset, the positioning cover and the side baffle enable the photoresistor in the offset direction to detect the light signal.

[0012] Preferably, the substrate is provided with 8 photoresistors, and the angle between each two adjacent photoresistors and the center of the substrate is 45°. The outer side of the positioning cover is provided with 8 side baffles, and the angle between each two adjacent side baffles is 45°.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning cover has four holes with a diameter of 2 mm on its bottom surface away from the substrate. The light source can form multiple light spots on the sensor array through the holes, and the sensor array can detect the distribution of the multiple light spots.

[0014] Preferably, the positioning cover is hollow inside and has two bottom surfaces that are connected through each other. A cover plate is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the positioning cover away from the substrate. The cover plate is provided with multiple holes, and the light source can form a light spot on the sensor array through the holes.

[0015] A circular boss is provided on the bottom surface of the cover plate connected to the positioning cover. The outer diameter of the boss matches the inner diameter of the bottom surface of the positioning cover away from the substrate. The cover plate can be fastened to the end of the positioning cover away from the substrate by the boss.

[0016] Preferably, the substrate is a printed circuit board, and a signal interface is also provided on the substrate. The signal interface is connected to the photoelectric sensor and the photoresistor, and the signal interface is used to output electrical signals from the photoelectric sensor and the photoresistor.

[0017] Preferably, the light source positioning device further includes a dual-axis actuator connected to the substrate, which is used to drive the substrate to rotate.

[0018] Preferably, the dual-axis actuator includes a base, a first movable seat connected to the base, a second movable seat connected to the first movable seat, a first driver for driving the first movable seat to rotate, and a second driver for driving the second movable seat to rotate; the base plate is connected to the second movable seat.

[0019] The base can be placed on the ground, the first driver can drive the first movable seat to rotate on the horizontal plane; the second driver can drive the adjustment of the pitch angle of the second movable seat relative to the horizontal plane.

[0020] As described above, the light source positioning device for a photovoltaic tracking system of this utility model has the characteristics of high precision and high dynamic response. It has high detection accuracy through a 4×4 photoelectric sensor array and a large photoresistor sensor with high dynamic response. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be more fully understood through the following detailed description and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein similar elements are numbered in a similar manner, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a light source positioning device for a photovoltaic tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of a light source positioning device for a photovoltaic tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a substrate for a light source positioning device for a photovoltaic tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a positioning cover for a light source positioning device in a photovoltaic tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-axis actuator for a light source positioning device in a photovoltaic tracking system, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0028] In the figure: substrate 10, photoelectric sensor 11, photoresistor 12, signal interface 13, positioning cover 20, hole 21, side baffle 22, cover plate 23, boss 231, base 31, first movable seat 32, second movable seat 33, second driver 34. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but this utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0030] A photovoltaic (PV) tracking system, also known as a solar power tracking system, is a device that dynamically adjusts the angle or orientation of solar panels to ensure they are always facing the sun, maximizing the reception of solar radiation. Its core objective is to improve the energy output efficiency of PV power generation systems. The sun's position constantly moves from sunrise to sunset and with seasonal changes. Fixed PV panels can only efficiently receive sunlight during specific periods, while tracking systems, by tracking the sun's position in real time, ensure the panels are always at the optimal angle for receiving sunlight, thereby increasing the power generation per unit area. Single-axis tracking systems can increase power generation by approximately 15%-25%, while dual-axis tracking systems can achieve 25%-40%.

[0031] Existing technologies mainly include fuzzy PID control, visual positioning, single-axis tracking, open-loop time control, and symmetrical photodiode layout. Fuzzy PID control relies on a single sensor, suffers from high signal noise and is prone to failure during cloudy days or when sunlight fluctuates. Its fuzzy rule base debugging is complex, requiring significant storage resources and making it difficult to adapt to low-cost MCUs. Visual positioning requires a camera and complex image processing algorithms, resulting in high computational load and poor real-time performance. Its high power consumption and hardware cost make it unsuitable for low-cost, miniaturized applications. Single-axis tracking systems can only adjust a single horizontal or vertical dimension, failing to track the sun's position omnidirectionally, thus offering limited improvement in power generation efficiency.

[0032] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a light source positioning device for a photovoltaic tracking system, used to calculate the solar azimuth and altitude angles. The light source positioning device includes a substrate 10, a positioning cover 20 mounted on the substrate 10, and a sensor array disposed on the substrate 10. The positioning cover 20 is a hollow frustum shape, with the cross-sectional area of ​​the bottom surface of the positioning cover 20 near the substrate 10 being larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the bottom surface away from the substrate 10, and the axis of the positioning cover 20 being perpendicular to the plane connecting the substrate 10 and the positioning cover 20.

[0033] The sensor array includes multiple photoelectric sensors 11. The substrate 10 is used to support the photoelectric sensors 11. The positioning cover 20 has at least one hole 21 on its bottom surface away from the substrate 10. Sunlight can pass through the hole 21 to form a light spot on the sensor array. The photoelectric sensor 11 at the location of the light spot generates an electrical signal. The movement trajectory of the light spot can be calculated by the signals of the multiple photoelectric sensors 11 that make up the sensor array.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, the positioning cover 20 is a hollow frustum shape with its two bottom surfaces connected. The sides of the positioning cover 20 are conical surfaces. The two bottom surfaces of the positioning cover 20 have different cross-sectional areas; the bottom surface with the larger cross-sectional area is the proximal end, and the bottom surface with the smaller cross-sectional area is the distal end. The proximal end of the positioning cover 20 is connected to the substrate 10. The connection between the positioning cover 20 and the substrate 10 can be achieved through fasteners such as bolts, adhesive bonding, or snap-fit ​​connections. The positioning cover 20 forms a surrounding area on the surface of the substrate 10, and the sensor array is disposed within this surrounding area. The positioning cover 20 is used to block ambient light and prevent interference.

[0035] A hole 21 can be provided on the far bottom surface of the positioning cover 20. Sunlight passes through this hole 21 and forms a light spot on the photoelectric sensor 11. As the angle of the sun moves, the position of the light spot changes. The path of the light spot's movement passes through multiple photoelectric sensors 11, and the movement path of the light spot can be obtained through a sensor array. The position of the light spot on the sensor array can be used to calculate the azimuth and elevation angles of the sun relative to the center of the substrate 10.

[0036] Furthermore, the sensor array includes 16 photoelectric sensors 11, which are arranged in 4 columns on the plane of the substrate 10.

[0037] The center of the sensor array is at the same position as the center of the substrate 10, and the axis of the positioning cover 20 passes through the center of the substrate 10.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, 16 photoelectric sensors 11 are arranged in a 4x4 pattern to form a sensor array. Each photoelectric sensor 11 is a device that converts light signals into electrical signals. Its working principle is based on the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect refers to the phenomenon where, when light shines on certain materials, the electrons in the material absorb the energy of the photons, resulting in a corresponding electrical effect.

[0039] The center of the sensor array is at the same position as the center of the substrate 10, and the axis of the positioning cover 20 passes through the center of the substrate 10. The relative positions of the sensor array, the positioning cover 20, and the holes 21 on the positioning cover 20 can be calibrated.

[0040] Furthermore, a plurality of side baffles 22 are provided on the outer side of the positioning cover 20. The height direction of the side baffles 22 is parallel to the height direction of the positioning cover 20, and the length direction of the side baffles 22 is parallel to the radial direction of the cross section of the positioning cover 20. The plurality of side baffles 22 are equally spaced on the outer side of the positioning cover 20.

[0041] The substrate 10 is also provided with a plurality of photoresistors 12, which are arranged on a circular trajectory with the center of the substrate 10 as the center and the radius R. The bottom surface of the positioning cover 20 near the substrate 10 has a radius r, and R is greater than r. A photoresistor 12 is provided between two adjacent side baffles 22.

[0042] When the angle between the light source and the light source positioning device is offset, the positioning cover 20 and the side baffle 22 enable the photoresistor 12 in the offset direction to detect the light signal.

[0043] In this embodiment, the side baffles 22 on the outside of the positioning cover 20 can be bonded to the positioning cover 20. Every two adjacent side baffles 22 and the positioning cover 20 form a semi-enclosed area. The photoresistors 12 are disposed within the semi-enclosed area. Multiple side baffles 22 and photoresistors 12 are arranged in a ring outside the positioning cover 20. These photoresistors 12 can analyze the relative position of the sun and the substrate 10. Specifically, when the sun is directly above the substrate 10, the side baffles 22 and the positioning cover 20 cannot block the photoresistors 12, so each photoresistor 12 can receive a light signal. When the sun is tilted, the photoresistors 12 in the same direction as the tilt direction can receive a light signal, while the photoresistors 12 in the opposite direction of the tilt direction are blocked by the side baffles 22 and / or the positioning cover 20 and cannot receive a light signal. Therefore, multiple photoresistors 12 can be used to analyze the relative angle between the sun and the substrate 10.

[0044] In some embodiments, the substrate 10 is provided with eight photoresistors 12, and the angle between each two adjacent photoresistors 12 and the center line of the substrate 10 is 45°. The outer side of the positioning cover 20 is provided with eight side baffles 22, and the angle between each two adjacent side baffles 22 is 45°.

[0045] In this embodiment, the sensor array consisting of 16 photoelectric sensors 11 is used for fine-tuning control, and the 8 photoresistors 12 are used for coarse-tuning control. The photoelectric sensors 11 are used for high-precision spot positioning and fine-tuning control. The 16 photoelectric sensors form a photosensitive matrix, with the center of the matrix coinciding with the center of the substrate 10. The matrix formed by the photoelectric sensors 11 generates an electrical signal when a light spot illuminates its surface; processing this signal reveals the movement trajectory of the light spot. The photoresistors 12 are used for rapid azimuth angle detection and coarse-tuning control. The photoresistors 12 are mounted on a circular trajectory with radius R centered on the center of the substrate 10, and the angle formed by the straight line connecting each adjacent photoresistor 12 to the center of the circle is 45°. A light source isolated by a spot positioning cover 20 receives an electrical signal, which is then analyzed to determine the illumination angle of the light.

[0046] In the actual implementation, the hardware also includes an MCU controller, which processes the electrical signals emitted by the spot positioning sensor and calculates the motion data required by the dual-axis actuator. It also includes data from other sensors: a reserved data interface that can receive astronomical data and other data that can be used to reflect changes in the tracked light source for further expansion.

[0047] The specific implementation includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Raw data processing: Fine-tuning control - The algorithm module of the spot positioning algorithm + sub-pixel difference method receives the raw data from the photoelectric sensor 11 emitted by the spot positioning sensor, processes it, and outputs the spot coordinate movement data; Coarse-tuning control - The vector summation algorithm module receives the raw data from the photoresistor 12 of the spot positioning sensor, processes it, and outputs the orientation angle data that reflects the distance between the measured light source and the substrate 10.

[0049] Step 2: Signal quality analysis: The algorithm module of spot localization algorithm + sub-pixel difference method can output SNR data to the parallel dynamic fusion controller based on the strength of the spot signal.

[0050] Step 3: Data Optimization: Fine-tuning control – Because the spot coordinate movement data cannot directly reflect the direction angle between the measured light source and the base, the spot coordinate movement data needs to be converted into direction angle data; Coarse-tuning control – Because the data in the coarse-tuning control part has a fast dynamic response and large fluctuation range, a filtering algorithm is needed to eliminate abnormal fluctuation data and improve data accuracy.

[0051] Step 4: Control Algorithm: Fine-tuning control - The fine-tuning steering angle data is processed by the PID controller and then output as fine-tuning steering angle data; Coarse-tuning control - The coarse-tuning steering angle data is processed by the proportional controller and then output as coarse-tuning steering angle data.

[0052] Step 5: Fusion Output: The output steering angle data of the parallel dynamic fusion controller is formed by fusing the input fine-tuned steering angle data and coarse-tuned steering angle data. The parallel dynamic fusion controller dynamically allocates fusion weights to the fine-tuned and coarse-tuned steering data in real time based on SNR data and data from other sensors.

[0053] The fine-tuning control section features high precision, while the coarse-tuning control section boasts high dynamic response. The hierarchical control architecture applies both control sections simultaneously to heading angle detection, providing the entire control system with a data source that offers both high precision and high dynamic response. Finally, a parallel dynamic fusion controller allocates fine-tuning and coarse-tuning control resources in real time under different environmental scenarios, enabling the entire system to adapt to complex environments while consuming relatively few resources.

[0054] This embodiment of the light source positioning device for a photovoltaic tracking system combines high precision and high dynamic response. Its spot positioning technology utilizes a 4×4 photoelectric sensor array (11) combined with a sub-pixel interpolation algorithm for high detection accuracy; the photoresistor array (12) employs vector summation, resulting in a large sensor angle and high dynamic response. It is adaptable to all environmental scenarios and features parallel fusion control: coarse adjustment (photoresistor array (12) vector summation) and fine adjustment (spot centroid positioning) operate in parallel. The mode output ratio is adjusted in real-time based on the SNR value, improving robustness and suitability for complex scenarios. For example, the tracking device can be installed in mobile environments such as vehicles. It also features low cost and low resource consumption. A data interface is reserved for expansion.

[0055] In the specific implementation process, the principle of spot positioning is that the top 2mm hole 21 forms a dynamic spot, and the spot offset is linearly mapped to the sun angle; the photoelectric sensor array 11 (4×4 units) captures the spot distribution, and the angle correction is achieved by combining the centroid positioning algorithm with subpixel interpolation.

[0056] Centroid localization algorithm:

[0057]

[0058] Where: X c : Centroid x-coordinate, Y c : Centroid ordinate, S x,y : The electrical parameters of the i-th photoelectric sensor 11.

[0059] Subpixel interpolation algorithm:

[0060]

[0061] Where: δ x ,δ y : Subpixel interpolation results, used to compensate for centroid coordinates.

[0062] Parallel control principles include:

[0063] Coarse adjustment stage: 12 photoresistors in a ring (45° interval), azimuth angle calculated using vector summation method.

[0064] Calculating the solar azimuth using the vector summation method:

[0065]

[0066] Fine-tuning stage: The heading angle signal is finely adjusted by a PID controller;

[0067] Dynamic fusion: weights are dynamically allocated based on SNR

[0068] Dynamic weight allocation:

[0069]

[0070] W rough =1-W precise

[0071] Wherein: SNR: represents the strength of the light spot signal, used to map the light intensity corresponding to different weather conditions.

[0072] W precise : The weight of fine-tuning control in the total output.

[0073] W rough : The weight of coarse adjustment control in the total output.

[0074] Output fusion:

[0075] θ final =W rough ·θ rough +w precise ·θ precise

[0076] Where: θ final : The output value of the fine-tuning and coarse-tuning.

[0077] Furthermore, the positioning cover 20 has four holes 21 with a diameter of 2 mm on its bottom surface away from the substrate 10. The light source can form multiple light spots on the sensor array through the holes 21, and the sensor array can detect the distribution of multiple light spots.

[0078] In this embodiment, the four holes 21, each with a diameter of 2mm, can be arranged in a straight line or in a 2x2 rectangular array. Multiple holes 21 can form multiple light spots, and the sensor array can detect the distribution of these multiple light spots, thereby improving the accuracy of sun position detection.

[0079] Furthermore, the positioning cover 20 is hollow inside and has two bottom surfaces that are connected. A cover plate 23 is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the positioning cover 20 away from the substrate 10. The cover plate 23 is provided with multiple holes 21. The light source can form a light spot on the sensor array through the holes 21.

[0080] A circular boss 231 is provided on the bottom surface of the cover plate 23 connected to the positioning cover 20. The outer diameter of the boss 231 matches the inner diameter of the bottom surface of the positioning cover 20 away from the substrate 10. The cover plate 23 can be fastened to the end of the positioning cover 20 away from the substrate 10 through the boss 231.

[0081] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the hole 21 forming the light spot is provided on the cover plate 23. The cover plate 23 is detachably connected to the positioning cover 20. The boss 231 is used for positioning. The boss 231 is fixed to the bottom of the cover plate 23. The boss 231 can be locked at the far end of the positioning cover 20.

[0082] In some embodiments, the substrate 10 is a printed circuit board, and a signal interface 13 is also provided on the substrate 10. The signal interface 13 is connected to the photoelectric sensor 11 and the photoresistor 12, and is used to output the electrical signals of the photoelectric sensor 11 and the photoresistor 12. The signal interface 13 can be connected to an MCU controller to process the electrical signals emitted by the spot positioning sensor and calculate the motion data required by the dual-axis actuator.

[0083] Furthermore, the light source positioning device also includes a dual-axis actuator connected to the substrate 10, which is used to drive the substrate 10 to rotate.

[0084] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the dual-axis actuator includes a base 31, a first movable seat 32 connected to the base 31, a second movable seat 33 connected to the first movable seat 32, a first driver for driving the first movable seat 32 to rotate, and a second driver 34 for driving the second movable seat 33 to rotate; the base plate 10 is connected to the second movable seat 33.

[0085] The base 31 can be placed on the ground, the first driver can drive the first movable seat 32 to rotate on the horizontal plane; the second driver 34 can drive the adjustment of the pitch angle of the second movable seat 33 relative to the horizontal plane.

[0086] In the specific implementation, the dual-axis actuator is calibrated to ensure that the substrate 10 is in a horizontal position. In some embodiments, the dual-axis actuator can adjust the angle of the substrate 10. The MCU controller is connected to the dual-axis actuator and can acquire the angle of the actuator. The dual-axis actuator can control the substrate 10 to measure the sun's position from different angles; this process is used for data verification and calibration of the substrate 10.

[0087] Over time, dust may accumulate on the photoelectric sensor, reducing its sensitivity. To address this, the substrate is mounted on a dual-axis actuator. During operation, the actuator first adjusts the substrate to a horizontal position, and then measures the sun's azimuth and elevation angles. The actuator then fine-tunes the substrate's angles—either by rotation in the horizontal plane, adjustment of the elevation angle, or simultaneous adjustment of both—to move the light spot onto other photoelectric sensors, generating new data. This new data is then compared with previous data to increase the accuracy of sun position detection. The first and second drivers 34 can be stepper motors.

[0088] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A light source positioning device for a photovoltaic tracking system for calculating the azimuth and altitude angles of the sun; characterized in that, The light source positioning device comprises a substrate (10), a positioning cover (20) mounted on the substrate (10), and a sensor array arranged on the substrate (10); the positioning cover (20) is in the shape of a hollow circular truncated cone, the cross-sectional area of the bottom surface of the positioning cover (20) close to the substrate (10) is larger than that of the bottom surface of the positioning cover (20) away from the substrate (10), and the axis of the positioning cover (20) is perpendicular to the plane where the substrate (10) and the positioning cover (20) are connected. The sensor array comprises a plurality of photoelectric sensors (11), the substrate (10) is used for carrying the photoelectric sensors (11), and at least one hole (21) is arranged on the bottom surface of the positioning cover (20) away from the substrate (10), so that sunlight can form a light spot on the sensor array through the hole (21), the photoelectric sensor (11) at the position of the light spot generates an electrical signal, and the movement track of the light spot can be calculated through the signals of the plurality of photoelectric sensors (11) constituting the sensor array.

2. A light source positioning device for a photovoltaic light tracking system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor array comprises 16 photoelectric sensors (11), and the 16 photoelectric sensors (11) are arranged in four columns of four photoelectric sensors (11) each on the plane of the substrate (10) in a close manner. The center of the sensor array is the same as the center position of the substrate (10), and the axis of the positioning cover (20) passes through the center of the substrate (10).

3. The light source positioning device for photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 1, wherein: The outer side of the positioning cover (20) is provided with a plurality of side baffles (22), the height direction of the side baffles (22) is parallel to the height direction of the positioning cover (20), the length direction of the side baffles (22) is parallel to the radial direction of the cross section of the positioning cover (20), and the plurality of side baffles (22) are arranged on the outer side of the positioning cover (20) at equal intervals. A plurality of photoresistors (12) are further arranged on the substrate (10), the plurality of photoresistors (12) are arranged on a circular track with the center of the substrate (10) as the center and a radius R, the radius of the bottom surface of the positioning cover (20) close to the substrate (10) is r, R is greater than r, and one photoresistor (12) is arranged between two adjacent side baffles (22). When the light source is angularly offset from the light source positioning device, the positioning cover (20) and the side baffles (22) can enable the photoresistor (12) in the offset direction to detect the light signal.

4. A light source positioning device for a photovoltaic sun tracking system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Eight photoresistors (12) are arranged on the substrate (10), the included angle between the center line of every two adjacent photoresistors (12) and the substrate (10) is 45°, and eight side baffles (22) are arranged on the outer side of the positioning cover (20), and the included angle between every two adjacent side baffles (22) is 45°.

5. The light source positioning device for photovoltaic light tracking system according to claim 1, wherein: Four holes (21) with a diameter of 2 mm are arranged on the bottom surface of the positioning cover (20) away from the substrate (10), a plurality of light spots can be formed on the sensor array by the light source through the holes (21), and the distribution of the plurality of light spots can be detected by the sensor array.

6. The light source positioning device for photovoltaic light tracking system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The positioning cover (20) is hollow inside and has two through bottom surfaces, a cover plate (23) is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the positioning cover (20) away from the substrate (10), a plurality of holes (21) are arranged on the cover plate (23), and a light spot can be formed on the sensor array by the light source through the holes (21). The bottom surface of the cover plate (23) connected with the positioning cover (20) is provided with a circular boss (231), the outer diameter of the boss (231) matches the inner diameter of the bottom surface of the positioning cover (20) away from the substrate (10), and the cover plate (23) can be buckled on the end of the positioning cover (20) away from the substrate (10) through the boss (231).

7. A light source positioning device for a photovoltaic sun tracking system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The substrate (10) is a printed circuit board, and the substrate (10) is further provided with a signal interface (13), the signal interface (13) is connected with the photoelectric sensor (11) and the photoresistor (12), and the signal interface (13) is used for outputting the electrical signal of the photoelectric sensor (11) and the photoresistor (12).

8. The light source positioning device for photovoltaic tracking system of claim 1, wherein: The light source positioning device further comprises a double-shaft actuating mechanism, the double-shaft actuating mechanism is connected with the substrate (10), and the double-shaft actuating mechanism is used for driving the substrate (10) to rotate.

9. A light source positioning device for a photovoltaic sun tracking system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The double-shaft actuating mechanism comprises a base (31), a first movable seat (32) connected with the base (31), a second movable seat (33) connected with the first movable seat (32), a first driver for driving the first movable seat (32) to rotate, and a second driver (34) for driving the second movable seat (33) to rotate; the substrate (10) is connected with the second movable seat (33); The base (31) can be placed on the ground, the first driver can drive the first movable seat (32) to rotate on the horizontal plane; and the second driver (34) can drive the second movable seat (33) to adjust the pitch angle relative to the horizontal plane.

Images