Novel isolation reversing switch

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel isolation change-over switch, which is suitable for special environments such as underground coal mines and the like. The switch is made of resin materials, a conductive shaft penetrates through a shell, and one end of the conductive shaft is connected with an operating handle to drive a contact to act. The internal circuit comprises a static contact assembly, a moving contact, an arc extinguishing device, an isolation structure and a steering control structure. According to the static contact assembly, three symmetrical copper alloy static contacts correspond to a three-phase circuit, a wire inlet end is arranged to be connected with an external three-phase power supply, and moving contacts are installed on a conductive shaft, correspond to the static contacts one by one and are connected through conductive connecting rods. The arc extinguishing device is provided with arc extinguishing grid sheets. L-shaped supporting plates are arranged on the two sides of the shell, a cross-shaped reversing positioning piece is further arranged on one side of the shell and matched with a reversing fixed rod on the supporting plates, and the positioning and reversing functions are achieved through a tension spring. The isolation change-over switch has the advantages of large capacity, small size, light weight, convenience in operation and the like, and provides powerful guarantee for safe operation of underground coal mine electrical equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrical switch technology, specifically a new type of isolating reversing switch, which is particularly suitable for special environments such as underground coal mines, serving as a device for isolating the main circuit of a mine explosion-proof electromagnetic starter and changing the power phase sequence under no-load conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In harsh working environments such as underground coal mines, the safe and stable operation of electrical equipment is of paramount importance. As a key component of mine-use explosion-proof electromagnetic starters, the isolating reversing switch undertakes the crucial tasks of isolating the main circuit and changing the power supply phase sequence under no-load conditions.

[0003] Currently, existing isolating reversing switches on the market have some shortcomings. First, in terms of structural design, the strength and insulation performance of the casing of some switches need improvement. The underground environment of coal mines is complex, with potential for various collisions and compressions. Existing switch casings are prone to cracking and damage under certain external impacts, which can affect the normal operation of the internal circuitry and even lead to safety accidents. Furthermore, for the extremely demanding insulation requirements of underground environments, the insulation performance of some traditional switches cannot meet increasingly stringent safety standards.

[0004] Secondly, there are also problems with the selection and design of materials for the contacts and conductive components. Traditional isolating reversing switches use materials with limited conductivity for their stationary and moving contacts. When large currents pass through, these materials are prone to generating significant resistance losses, leading to severe contact overheating. This not only affects the lifespan of the switch but may also cause safety hazards such as fires due to overheating. Moreover, the contact connection method is not robust enough, and in the long-term vibration environment of underground mines, it is prone to loosening, further affecting conductivity.

[0005] Furthermore, the performance of arc-extinguishing devices is not ideal. When a circuit is broken, an electric arc is generated. If this arc cannot be extinguished promptly and effectively, it will cause severe erosion of the contacts and surrounding components, reducing the switch's breaking capacity and reliability. Existing arc-extinguishing devices are ineffective and cannot meet the requirements of complex downhole operating conditions.

[0006] Furthermore, existing isolating reversing switches also have shortcomings in terms of ease of operation and stability. The connection between the operating handle and the internal conductive shaft is not tight or flexible enough, resulting in poor feel during operation and even the possibility of incomplete operation. At the same time, in terms of reversing positioning, the positioning structure of some switches is not precise enough, which can easily lead to inaccurate reversing or unstable positioning, affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0007] In summary, the existing isolating commutation switches have many defects in terms of structure, materials, performance, etc., and cannot well meet the requirements of high safety, high reliability, and high stability of electrical equipment in special environments such as underground coal mines. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a new type of isolating commutation switch to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present utility model aims to solve the above technical problems and provides a new type of isolating commutation switch.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present utility model is: a new type of isolating commutation switch, comprising:

[0010] A housing, made of resin material, and the thickness of the housing is between 5 - 10 mm. Specifically, it includes a base and an upper cover. The base is a cavity structure with an open upper end, and the upper cover is a "U" - shaped structure;

[0011] A conductive shaft, passing through the housing, and one end is connected to an operating handle to drive the contact to act;

[0012] An internal circuit, specifically including a static contact assembly, a moving contact, an arc extinguishing device, an isolation structure, and a steering control structure;

[0013] The static contact assembly includes three symmetrically arranged static contacts, corresponding to three - phase circuits respectively, made of a metal material with good electrical conductivity, and arranged on an insulating bracket inside the housing. The static contacts are provided with incoming - line ends for connecting to an external circuit to introduce three - phase power supply;

[0014] The moving contact is installed on the conductive shaft and corresponds to the static contact one by one. The moving contacts are connected to each other through a conductive connecting rod;

[0015] In addition, a new type of isolating commutation switch according to the present utility model as described above may further have the following additional technical features:

[0016] A set of wiring terminals electrically connected to the static contacts are provided at both ends of the base corresponding thereto. The static contacts are made of copper alloy.

[0017] Furthermore, the insulating sleeve is made of resin material, and the thickness of the housing is between 5 - 10 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, support plates are provided on both sides of the mounting seat. The support plates are in an L - shaped structure for fixedly connecting the base.

[0019] Furthermore, corresponding arc - extinguishing grating sheets are provided above the static contact assembly.

[0020] Furthermore, a reversing positioning plate is provided on one side of the outer shell, and the conductive shaft passes through the reversing positioning plate. The reversing positioning plate has a cross-shaped structure, forming multiple positioning grooves. The support plate is provided with reversing rods that are positioned and cooperate with the reversing positioning plate on both sides. The lower end of the reversing rod is rotatably connected to the bracket, and the upper end is connected with a tension spring. The reversing rod is provided with a positioning shaft that cooperates with the positioning groove.

[0021] The advantages of this utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0022] 1. High safety: The outer shell is made of flame-retardant resin material with appropriate thickness, which has good high-voltage resistance and can effectively prevent safety accidents caused by shell rupture. At the same time, it improves insulation performance and ensures safety in special environments such as underground coal mines.

[0023] 2. Good conductivity: The stationary contact is made of copper alloy material with good conductivity and increased thickness, which reduces resistance, reduces heat generation, improves the current carrying capacity of the switch, extends the service life of the contact, and reduces the risk of safety hazards such as fire caused by heat generation.

[0024] 3. Excellent arc extinguishing effect: The arc extinguishing device adopts an arc extinguishing grid plate set above the stationary contact assembly, which can effectively divide and extinguish the arc, protect the contacts and other components, improve the breaking capacity and reliability of the switch, and ensure normal operation under complex working conditions.

[0025] 4. Good operational stability: The unique reversing positioning structure, through the cooperation of the reversing positioning plate, reversing rod, tension spring and positioning shaft, achieves accurate reversing positioning. The operating handle is tightly connected to the conductive shaft, providing a good operating feel and ensuring the stability and reliability of the reversing operation, reducing the possibility of operational errors.

[0026] 5. Stable structure: The L-shaped support plate increases the overall strength of the casing, enabling the switch to maintain structural stability in the long-term vibration environment of the well, and preventing problems such as loose parts, thus ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0027] 6. Superior overall performance: This new type of isolating reversing switch has the advantages of large capacity, small size, light weight, and convenient operation. It can better meet the high requirements of electrical equipment in special environments such as underground coal mines. Compared with traditional isolating reversing switches, it has significant technical advantages and market competitiveness. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel isolating reversing switch according to this utility model. Figure 1 .

[0029] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel isolating reversing switch according to this utility model. Figure 2 .

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel isolating reversing switch according to this utility model. Figure 3 .

[0031] As shown in the figure: 1. Outer shell; 101. Base; 102. Top cover; 2. Conductive shaft; 3. Stationary contact assembly; 4. Moving contact; 5. Arc extinguishing device; 6. Support plate; 7. Reversing positioning plate; 8. Reversing rod; 9. Tension spring; 10. Positioning shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; for those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above term in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] I. Working principle of this utility model:

[0035] Overall structure: This new type of isolating reversing switch mainly consists of a housing 1, a conductive shaft 2, and internal circuitry.

[0036] Housing 1: Made of flame-retardant resin material, possessing excellent high-voltage resistance. The housing thickness is designed between 5-10mm, ensuring sufficient strength to withstand certain external impacts while also considering material cost and overall weight. The housing specifically includes a base 101 and a top cover 102. The base 101 is a hollow structure with an open top, facilitating the installation and layout of internal circuit components. The top cover 102 has a "U"-shaped structure, fitting well with the base to form a closed space, protecting the internal circuitry from external environmental influences.

[0037] Conductive shaft 2: Penetrates the outer casing 1, with one end connected to the operating handle. The operator rotates the conductive shaft via the operating handle, which in turn actuates the contacts to achieve functions such as connecting, disconnecting, and reversing the circuit.

[0038] Internal circuitry includes stationary contact assembly 3, moving contact 4, arc extinguishing device 5, isolation structure, and steering control structure.

[0039] Stationary contact assembly 3: Consists of three symmetrically arranged stationary contacts, each corresponding to a three-phase circuit. The stationary contacts are made of a copper alloy with excellent conductivity. Compared to traditional materials, the copper alloy, while maintaining good conductivity, has increased thickness, further reducing resistance and heat generation. These stationary contacts are mounted on an insulating support inside the housing 1. The insulating support serves a dual purpose of support and insulation, ensuring electrical isolation between the stationary contacts and the housing and other components. The stationary contacts have input terminals for connecting to external circuits and introducing three-phase power.

[0040] Moving contact 4: Mounted on the conductive shaft, corresponding one-to-one with the stationary contact assembly 3. The moving contacts 4 are interconnected via conductive connecting rods, so that when the conductive shaft rotates, it can drive the moving contacts to move synchronously, achieving reliable contact and separation with the stationary contacts.

[0041] Terminal block 1011: The base 101 has a set of terminals 1011 at both ends that are electrically connected to the stationary contact assembly 3, which facilitates the connection between the external circuit and the stationary contact assembly and realizes the conduction of the circuit.

[0042] Insulating sleeve: The insulating sleeve is also made of flame-retardant resin material and has a thickness of 5-10mm, which matches the outer shell material and thickness, further enhancing the overall insulation performance.

[0043] Support plate 6: Support plates 6 are provided on both sides of the outer casing 1. The support plates 6 have an L-shaped structure. This shape of the support plate can increase the overall strength of the outer casing and is used to fix the base 101, making the entire switch structure more stable.

[0044] Arc extinguishing device 5: Arc extinguishing device 5 includes an arc extinguishing grid plate disposed above the stationary contact assembly 3. When the switch breaks the circuit and generates an arc, the arc extinguishing grid plate can divide the arc into multiple short arcs. Utilizing the zero-crossing characteristic of alternating current, it accelerates the extinguishing of the arc and effectively protects the contacts and other components from arc erosion.

[0045] Reversing Positioning Structure: A reversing positioning plate 7 is provided on one side of the outer casing 1, and the conductive shaft 2 passes through the reversing positioning plate 7. The reversing positioning plate 7 has a cross-shaped structure, forming multiple positioning grooves 701. The support plate 6 is provided with reversing rods 8 that are positioned and cooperate with the corresponding reversing positioning plates 7 on both sides. The lower end of the reversing rod 8 is rotatably connected to the support plate 6, and the upper end is connected by a tension spring 9. The reversing rod 8 is provided with a positioning shaft 10 that cooperates with the positioning grooves 701. When the operating handle drives the conductive shaft to rotate for reversing, the positioning shaft on the reversing rod is precisely engaged with the positioning groove on the reversing positioning plate under the action of the tension spring, realizing accurate reversing positioning and ensuring the stability and reliability of the switch reversing operation.

[0046] Circuit connection and disconnection principle: When the operator operates the handle, causing the conductive shaft to rotate, the moving contact connected to the conductive shaft rotates accordingly. When the moving contact rotates to the position where it contacts the stationary contact, the circuit is connected, and the three-phase power supply forms a path through the stationary contact, moving contact, and conductive connecting rod, providing power to subsequent equipment. When it is necessary to disconnect the circuit, the handle is operated in the opposite direction, the moving contact separates from the stationary contact, and the circuit is broken.

[0047] Commutation Principle: When a change in power phase sequence is required, the operating handle drives the conductive shaft to rotate, which passes through the commutation positioning plate. As the conductive shaft rotates, the positioning shaft on the commutation rod moves within the positioning groove of the commutation positioning plate under the tension of the tension spring. When it reaches the appropriate position, the positioning shaft falls into the corresponding positioning groove, achieving commutation positioning. At this point, the connection between the moving contact and the stationary contact changes, thereby changing the power phase sequence.

[0048] Arc extinguishing principle: At the instant the switch breaks the circuit, an electric arc is generated between the contacts. Because the arc-extinguishing grid of the arc-extinguishing device is located above the stationary contact assembly, the electric arc, under the action of its own electrodynamic and magnetic forces, moves upward and enters the arc-extinguishing grid. The arc-extinguishing grid divides the electric arc into multiple short arcs. When the alternating current crosses zero, these short arcs are difficult to maintain combustion, thereby accelerating the extinction of the arc and achieving the purpose of arc extinguishing.

[0049] II. Implementation Method:

[0050] Shell Fabrication: Flame-retardant resin materials meeting standards for underground coal mine use are selected, and the shell is manufactured using injection molding and other molding processes. First, the base 101 is fabricated by injecting resin material into a cavity mold with an open top. The mold temperature and pressure are controlled to ensure the finished base thickness is between 5-10mm, and the dimensional accuracy meets design requirements. Similarly, the top cover 102 is fabricated using a U-shaped mold, ensuring its thickness is also between 5-10mm. After fabrication, the base and top cover undergo visual inspection to ensure there are no defects such as bubbles or cracks.

[0051] Static contact assembly fabrication and installation: Using suitable copper alloy material, three symmetrical static contacts are fabricated through machining processes, ensuring dimensional accuracy and surface flatness. Appropriate connection holes are machined at the inlet ends of the static contacts for connecting to external circuits. The fabricated static contacts are then installed on the insulating bracket inside housing 1, secured with bolts or other fixing methods, ensuring a firm connection between the static contacts and the insulating bracket, and that the insulation distance between the static contacts and the housing meets requirements.

[0052] Moving contact fabrication and installation: Fabricate the moving contact according to design requirements and connect the conductive rod to the moving contact via welding or other reliable methods. Install the moving contact on the conductive shaft, ensuring a tight connection between the moving contact and the conductive shaft, allowing it to rotate synchronously with the conductive shaft, and that the contact position and pressure between the moving contact and the stationary contact meet design requirements.

[0053] Terminal block installation: Install terminal blocks 1011, which are electrically connected to the stationary contact assembly 3, at the preset positions at both ends of the base 101. The terminal blocks and the stationary contact are connected by welding or bolts to ensure a firm connection and good conductivity.

[0054] Insulating sleeve installation: Install the prepared flame-retardant resin insulating sleeve onto the conductive shaft, ensuring that the thickness of the insulating sleeve is between 5-10mm and that it fits tightly with the conductive shaft, so as to provide good insulation and support.

[0055] Support plate installation: Fix the L-shaped support plate 6 to both sides of the outer shell 1 by means of bolts or welding to ensure that the support plate is firmly connected to the outer shell, which can effectively increase the overall strength of the outer shell.

[0056] Arc extinguishing device installation: Install the arc extinguishing grid plate above the stationary contact assembly 3, and use a suitable fixing method, such as slot fixing or bolt fixing, to ensure that the relative position between the arc extinguishing grid plate and the stationary contact assembly is accurate and can effectively play the role of arc extinguishing.

[0057] Installation of the reversing positioning structure: Install the cross-shaped reversing positioning piece 7 on one side of the housing 1, allowing the conductive shaft to pass through the reversing positioning piece. Install the reversing fixed rod 8 at the corresponding position on the support plate 6, ensuring that the lower end of the reversing fixed rod is rotatably connected to the support plate. Connect the tension spring 9 between the upper ends of the reversing fixed rods, and install the positioning shaft 10 on the reversing fixed rods that mates with the positioning groove 701. After installation, manually operate the conductive shaft to check whether the reversing positioning structure moves flexibly and whether the positioning is accurate.

[0058] Overall Assembly and Debugging: After installing all the above components, perform overall assembly. Assemble the top cover 102 and the base 101 using bolts or clips to ensure a good seal. Connect the operating handle to the conductive shaft and check whether the rotation of the operating handle is smooth and whether the movement of the conductive shaft and contacts is accurate. Perform electrical performance tests on the switch, including insulation resistance test, withstand voltage test, continuity test, and commutation test, to ensure that all performance indicators of the switch meet the design requirements. If any problems are found, adjust and repair them in a timely manner until the switch can work normally and reliably.

[0059] Through the above specific implementation methods, a new type of isolating reversing switch that meets the requirements for use in special environments such as underground coal mines can be produced, with advantages such as good safety, reliability and ease of operation.

[0060] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel isolated commutating switch, characterized by: It includes: The shell (1) is made of resin material, and the shell thickness is between 5-10mm, including base (101) and upper cover (102), the base (101) is a cavity structure with open upper end, the upper cover (102) is a "few" structure; The conductive shaft (2) penetrates the shell (1), and one end is connected with the operating handle, so as to drive the contact action; The internal circuit includes static contact assembly (3), moving contact (4), arc extinguishing device (5), isolation structure and steering control structure; The static contact assembly (3) includes three symmetrical static contacts corresponding to three-phase circuit, which is made of metal material with good conductivity, and is arranged on the insulating support in the shell (1), the static contact is provided with a wire inlet end for connecting the external circuit and introducing three-phase power supply; The moving contact (4) is installed on the conductive shaft and corresponds to the static contact assembly (3), the moving contact (4) is connected by conductive connecting rod; 2. A novel isolating commutator switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (101) is provided with a group of wire terminals (1011) electrically connected with the static contact assembly (3) at both ends, and the static contact is made of copper alloy.

3. A novel isolating commutator switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive shaft (2) is provided with an insulating sleeve (201), and the insulating sleeve (201) is made of resin material, and the shell thickness is between 5-10mm.

4. A novel isolating commutator switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the shell (1) are provided with support plates (6), the support plates (6) are L-shaped structure, used for fixedly connecting the base (101).

5. A novel isolating commutated switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing device (5) includes arc grid arranged above the static contact assembly (3).

6. A novel isolating commutator switch according to claim 4, characterized in that: One side of the shell (1) is provided with a reversing positioning piece (7), the conductive shaft (2) penetrates the reversing positioning piece (7), the reversing positioning piece (7) is a cross-shaped structure, forming a plurality of positioning grooves, the support plate (6) is provided with a reversing positioning rod (8) corresponding to both sides of the reversing positioning piece (7), the lower end of the reversing positioning rod (8) is rotatably connected with the support plate (6), and the upper end is connected with a tension spring (9), the reversing positioning rod (8) is provided with a positioning shaft (10) matched with the positioning groove.

7. A novel isolating commutated switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: One side of the reversing positioning piece is provided with a protection plate.

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